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Lu J, Zhang H, Wang Q, Huang X. Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Pattern of Cytochrome P450 Genes in the Social Aphid Pseudoregma bambucicola. Insects 2023; 14:212. [PMID: 36835781 PMCID: PMC9966863 DOI: 10.3390/insects14020212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s) have a variety of functions, including involvement in the metabolism of exogenous substances and the synthesis and degradation of endogenous substances, which are important for the growth and development of insects. Pseudoregma bambucicola is a social aphid that produces genetically identical but morphologically and behaviorally distinct first-instar soldiers and normal nymphs within colonies. In this study, we identified 43 P450 genes based on P. bambucicola genome data. Phylogenetic analysis showed that these genes were classified into 4 clans, 13 families, and 23 subfamilies. The CYP3 and CYP4 clans had a somewhat decreased number of genes. In addition, differential gene expression analysis based on transcriptome data showed that several P450 genes, including CYP18A1, CYP4G332, and CYP4G333, showed higher expression levels in soldiers compared to normal nymphs and adult aphids. These genes may be candidates for causing epidermal hardening and developmental arrest in soldiers. This study provides valuable data and lays the foundation for the study of functions of P450 genes in the social aphid P. bambucicola.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Qing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xiaolei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
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Nong X, Wang L, Liu Y, Zhong S, Yu X, Xie Y. The complete mitochondrial genome of the bamboo aphid Pseudoregma bambucicola and its phylogenetic position. Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2020; 5:642-643. [PMID: 33366683 PMCID: PMC7748661 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1711225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The bamboo aphid, Pseudoregma bambucicola, is a terrible insect pest of bamboos. Herein, the complete mitochondrial genome of a representative of this aphid from China was determined through next generation sequencing platform. The whole genome was 16,651 bp in size and encoded 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, and two rRNA genes. The phylogeny showed that two Chinese isolates of P. bambucicola clustered together and formed a monophyletic relationship with Hormaphis betulae in Hormaphidinae, supporting their species validity among the family Aphididae. The cumulative mitochondrial DNA data should contribute to a better understanding of the phylogenetic relationship of this aphid species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Nong
- Bamboo Diseases and Pest control and Resources Development Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Leshan, China.,College of Life Science, Leshan Normal University, Leshan, China
| | - Lidan Wang
- Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yunjian Liu
- Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shengnan Zhong
- Bamboo Diseases and Pest control and Resources Development Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Leshan, China.,College of Life Science, Leshan Normal University, Leshan, China.,College of Food and Biological Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaobo Yu
- Bamboo Diseases and Pest control and Resources Development Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Leshan, China.,College of Life Science, Leshan Normal University, Leshan, China
| | - Yue Xie
- Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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Nong X, Zhong SN, Li SM, Yang YJ, Liang Z, Xie Y. Genetic differentiation of Pseudoregma bambucicola population based on mtDNA COII gene. Saudi J Biol Sci 2019; 26:1032-1036. [PMID: 31303837 PMCID: PMC6600799 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2019.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
mtDNA COII gene sequences were identified and analyzed using different types of software, namely, MEGA5.0, DNAMAN, and DnaSP5.0 in four Chinese provinces, namely, Sichuan, Zhejiang, Guizhou and Shanghai. Analysis of molecular genetic variation and its genetic structure and differentiation, combined with NJ tree, MP tree analysis and analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA), at Fst = 0.0582 conclude that the genetic differentiation is low, gene flow is Nm = 8.0911, and gene exchange is sufficient. However, for the geographic populations of Pseudoregma bambucicola in the four provinces, their gene exchange is relatively weak at Nm = 0.8284, whereas the genetic differentiation is high at Fst = 0.3764. Based on the data, total nucleotide diversity between the populations is 0.00158 ± 0.00021. The results showed that the total population of Tajima’s D and Fu’s Fs results are D = −0.885 and Fs = 0.226, respectively. The experimental numerical results showed that this total population is not significant (P > 0.10), indicating that nine different geographic populations are short-term. No expansion occurred in the internal population. This study provided a theoretical and practical basis for the comprehensive prevention and control of P. bambucicola.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Nong
- Bamboo Diseases and Pest Control and Resources Development Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan 614000, China.,College of Life Science, Leshan Normal University, Leshan 614000, China
| | - Sheng-Nan Zhong
- Bamboo Diseases and Pest Control and Resources Development Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan 614000, China.,College of Life Science, Leshan Normal University, Leshan 614000, China.,College of Food and Biological Engineering, XiHua University, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Si-Min Li
- Bamboo Diseases and Pest Control and Resources Development Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan 614000, China.,College of Life Science, Leshan Normal University, Leshan 614000, China
| | - Yao-Jun Yang
- Bamboo Diseases and Pest Control and Resources Development Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan 614000, China.,College of Life Science, Leshan Normal University, Leshan 614000, China
| | - Zi Liang
- Bamboo Diseases and Pest Control and Resources Development Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan 614000, China.,College of Life Science, Leshan Normal University, Leshan 614000, China
| | - Yue Xie
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
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Nong X, Zeng X, Yang Y, Liang Z, Tang M, Liao L, Luo C. Morphological observation and characterization of the Pseudoregma bambucicola with the scanning electron microscope. Saudi J Biol Sci 2017; 24:1626-30. [PMID: 29062260 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2017.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Both leica microscopic camera system and scanning electron microscopy was used to observe and characterize the feet, back, abdomen, antennae and mouthparts of the Pseudoregma bambucicola from the bamboo, Bambusa multiplex. The possible functions of all the external morphological characteristics of the P. bambucicola were described and discussed in detail, which offers a basis for further enriching the biology, phylogeny and ecological niche of the P. bambucicola. Moreover, the morphological results should contribute to morphological identification and differentiation of the P. bambucicola from other aphids in the same family.
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Jedličková V, Jedlička P, Lee HJ. Characterization and expression analysis of adipokinetic hormone and its receptor in eusocial aphid Pseudoregma bambucicola. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2015; 223:38-46. [PMID: 26432101 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2015.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Revised: 08/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Aphids display an extraordinary phenotypic plasticity ranging from widespread reproductive and wing polyphenisms to the occurrence of sterile or subfertile soldier morphs restricted to eusocial species of the subfamilies Eriosomatinae and Hormaphidinae. Individual morphs are specialized by their behavior, anatomy, and physiology to perform different roles in aphid societies at different stages of the life cycle. The capacity of the insects to cope with environmental stressors is under the control of a group of neuropeptides of the adipokinetic hormone/red pigment-concentrating hormone family (AKH/RPCH) that bind to a specific receptor (AKHR). Here, we describe the molecular characteristics of AKH and AKHR in the eusocial aphid Pseudoregma bambucicola. The sequence of the bioactive AKH decapeptide and the intron position in P. bambucicola AKH preprohormone were found to be identical to those in a phylogenetically distant aphid Dreyfusia spp. (Adelgidae). We detected four transcript variants of AKHR that are translated into three protein isoforms. Further, we analyzed AKH/AKHR expression in different tissues and insects of different castes. In wingless females, a remarkable amount of AKH mRNA was only expressed in the heads. In contrast, AKHR transcript levels increased in the order gut<ovary<fat body<head. In aphids from both the primary and secondary hosts (Styrax suberifolia and Bambusa spp., respectively), the highest AKH expression levels were recorded in winged, migratory females and soldiers, whereas reduced levels were found in wingless, sedentary females that are functionally oriented to reproduction. The highest AKHR expression was found in soldiers in gall-dwelling populations, whereas in bamboo colonies the highest transcript level was detected in winged females. We propose a possible explanation for the correlation between AKH and AKHR transcript levels and task partitioning among individual forms in P. bambucicola colonies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Jedličková
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21 Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Entomology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Pavel Jedlička
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21 Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Entomology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
| | - How-Jing Lee
- Department of Entomology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan
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Nong X, Chen FZ, Yang YJ, Liang Z, Huang BL, Li Y, Liu TF, Yu H. Aphicidal Activity of an Ageraphorone Extract From Eupatorium adenophorum Against Pseudoregma bambucicola (Homoptera: Aphididae, Takahashi). J Insect Sci 2015; 15:iev060. [PMID: 26113513 PMCID: PMC4535575 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/iev060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2014] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The bamboo aphid, Pseudoregma bambucicola, is an important insect pest of bamboo that affects normal bamboo growth and induces sooty molds. The control of P. bambucicola involves the application of chemicals, such as imidacloprid, to which many species are resistant. In this study, we isolate a novel botanical pesticide (9-oxo-10,11-dehydro-ageraphorone) from an Eupatorium adenophorum(Asteraceae: Compositae) petroleum ether extract and test the aphicidal activity of this compound against P. bambucicola in laboratory bioassay and field-based experiments. This ageraphorone compound at a concentration of 2 mg/ml caused 73.33% mortality (corrected mortality [Subtracted the mortality of the negative control]: 70%) of P. bambucicola by laboratory bioassay within 6 h. Even at lower concentrations, this compound caused greater 33% mortality (corrected mortality: 30%) of aphids. Field experiments with naturally infested bamboo plants showed that two applications of 2 mg/ml ageraphorone to infested plants completely cleared infestations within 30 d. These effects were similar to those of the positive control (imidacloprid). These results reveal that 9-oxo-10,11-dehydro-ageraphorone exhibits significant aphicidal activity against bamboo aphids. We suggest that future research be directed at developing this ageraphorone compound from E. adenophorum as an aphicidal agent for biocontrol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Nong
- College of Life Science, Leshan Normal University, Le'shan 614000, China *These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Feng-Zheng Chen
- College of Life Science, Leshan Normal University, Le'shan 614000, China *These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Yao-Jun Yang
- College of Life Science, Leshan Normal University, Le'shan 614000, China
| | - Zi Liang
- College of Life Science, Leshan Normal University, Le'shan 614000, China
| | - Bao-Lian Huang
- College of Life Science, Leshan Normal University, Le'shan 614000, China
| | - Yi Li
- College of Life Science, Leshan Normal University, Le'shan 614000, China
| | - Tian-Fei Liu
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guang'zhou 510640, China
| | - Hua Yu
- Sichuan Entry-exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Cheng'du 610041, China
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