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Gajjar P, Ismail A, Islam T, Darwish AG, Moniruzzaman M, Abuslima E, Dawood AS, El-Saady AM, Tsolova V, El-Kereamy A, Nick P, Sherif SM, Abazinge MD, El-Sharkawy I. Physiological Comparison of Two Salt-Excluder Hybrid Grapevine Rootstocks under Salinity Reveals Different Adaptation Qualities. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:3247. [PMID: 37765411 PMCID: PMC10535200 DOI: 10.3390/plants12183247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Like other plant stresses, salinity is a central agricultural problem, mainly in arid or semi-arid regions. Therefore, salt-adapted plants have evolved several adaptation strategies to counteract salt-related events, such as photosynthesis inhibition, metabolic toxicity, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation. European grapes are usually grafted onto salt-tolerant rootstocks as a cultivation practice to alleviate salinity-dependent damage. In the current study, two grape rootstocks, 140 Ruggeri (RUG) and Millardet et de Grasset 420A (MGT), were utilized to evaluate the diversity of their salinity adaptation strategies. The results showed that RUG is able to maintain higher levels of the photosynthetic pigments (Chl-T, Chl-a, and Chl-b) under salt stress, and hence accumulates higher levels of total soluble sugars (TSS), monosaccharides, and disaccharides compared with the MGT rootstock. Moreover, it was revealed that the RUG rootstock maintains and/or increases the enzymatic activities of catalase, GPX, and SOD under salinity, giving it a more efficient ROS detoxification machinery under stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranavkumar Gajjar
- Center for Viticulture and Small Fruit Research, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32308, USA; (P.G.); (A.I.); (A.G.D.); (M.M.); (V.T.)
| | - Ahmed Ismail
- Center for Viticulture and Small Fruit Research, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32308, USA; (P.G.); (A.I.); (A.G.D.); (M.M.); (V.T.)
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA;
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22516, Egypt
| | - Tabibul Islam
- Alson H. Smith Jr. Agricultural Research and Extension Center, School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Winchester, VA 22602, USA; (T.I.); (S.M.S.)
| | - Ahmed G. Darwish
- Center for Viticulture and Small Fruit Research, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32308, USA; (P.G.); (A.I.); (A.G.D.); (M.M.); (V.T.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Md Moniruzzaman
- Center for Viticulture and Small Fruit Research, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32308, USA; (P.G.); (A.I.); (A.G.D.); (M.M.); (V.T.)
| | - Eman Abuslima
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
| | - Ahmed S. Dawood
- Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt;
| | | | - Violeta Tsolova
- Center for Viticulture and Small Fruit Research, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32308, USA; (P.G.); (A.I.); (A.G.D.); (M.M.); (V.T.)
| | - Ashraf El-Kereamy
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA;
| | - Peter Nick
- Molecular Cell Biology, Botanical Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany;
| | - Sherif M. Sherif
- Alson H. Smith Jr. Agricultural Research and Extension Center, School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Winchester, VA 22602, USA; (T.I.); (S.M.S.)
| | - Michael D. Abazinge
- School of the Environment, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA;
| | - Islam El-Sharkawy
- Center for Viticulture and Small Fruit Research, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32308, USA; (P.G.); (A.I.); (A.G.D.); (M.M.); (V.T.)
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