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Kripalani DR, Cai Y, Lou J, Zhou K. Strong Edge Stress in Molecularly Thin Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Ruddlesden-Popper Perovskites and Modulations of Their Edge Electronic Properties. ACS Nano 2022; 16:261-270. [PMID: 34978421 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c06158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Organic-inorganic hybrid Ruddlesden-Popper perovskites (HRPPs) have gained much attention for optoelectronic applications due to their high moisture resistance, good processability under ambient conditions, and long functional lifetimes. Recent success in isolating molecularly thin hybrid perovskite nanosheets and their intriguing edge phenomena have raised the need for understanding the role of edges and the properties that dictate their fundamental behaviors. In this work, we perform a prototypical study on the edge effects in ultrathin hybrid perovskites by considering monolayer (BA)2PbI4 as a representative system. On the basis of first-principles simulations of nanoribbon models, we show that in addition to significant distortions of the octahedra network at the edges, strong edge stresses are also present in the material. Structural instabilities that arise from the edge stress could drive the relaxation process and dominate the morphological response of edges in practice. A clear downward shift of the bands at the narrower ribbons, as indicative of the edge effect, facilitates the separation of photoexcited carriers (electrons move toward the edge and holes move toward the interior part of the nanosheet). Moreover, the desorption energy of the organic molecule can also be much lower at the free edges, making it easier for functionalization and/or substitution events to take place. The findings reported in this work elucidate the underlying mechanisms responsible for edge states in HRPPs and will be important in guiding the rational design and development of high-performance layer-edge devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devesh R Kripalani
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Yongqing Cai
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau 999078, P. R. China
| | - Jun Lou
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Kun Zhou
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
- Environmental Process Modelling Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, Singapore 637141, Singapore
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2
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Locardi F, Samoli M, Martinelli A, Erdem O, Magalhaes DV, Bals S, Hens Z. Cyan Emission in Two-Dimensional Colloidal Cs 2CdCl 4:Sb 3+ Ruddlesden-Popper Phase Nanoplatelets. ACS Nano 2021; 15:17729-17737. [PMID: 34668701 PMCID: PMC8613908 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c05684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Metal halide perovskites are one of the most investigated materials in optoelectronics, with their lead-based counterparts being renowned for their enhanced optoelectronic performance. The 3D CsPbX3 structure has set the standard with many studies currently attempting to substitute lead with other metals while retaining the properties of this material. This effort has led to the fabrication of metal halides with lower dimensionality, wherein particular 2D layered perovskite structures have captured attention as inspiration for the next generation of colloidal semiconductors. Here we report the synthesis of the Ruddlesden-Popper Cs2CdCl4:Sb3+ phase as colloidal nanoplatelets (NPs) using a facile hot injection approach under atmospheric conditions. Through strict adjustment of the synthesis parameters with emphasis on the ligand ratio, we obtained NPs with a relatively uniform size and good morphological control. The particles were characterized through transmission electron microscopy, synchrotron X-ray diffraction, and pair distribution function analysis. The spectroscopic characterization revealed most strikingly an intense cyan emission under UV excitation with a measured PLQY of ∼20%. The emission was attributed to the Sb3+-doping within the structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Locardi
- Department
of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, Università
degli Studi di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genova, Italy
- Physics
and Chemistry of Nanostructures group (PCN), Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, Gent 9000, Belgium
| | - Margarita Samoli
- Physics
and Chemistry of Nanostructures group (PCN), Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, Gent 9000, Belgium
| | | | - Onur Erdem
- Physics
and Chemistry of Nanostructures group (PCN), Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, Gent 9000, Belgium
| | - Debora Vale Magalhaes
- EMAT
and NANOlab Center of Excellence, University
of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sara Bals
- EMAT
and NANOlab Center of Excellence, University
of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Zeger Hens
- Physics
and Chemistry of Nanostructures group (PCN), Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, Gent 9000, Belgium
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Kim J, Mun J, Palomares García CM, Kim B, Perry RS, Jo Y, Im H, Lee HG, Ko EK, Chang SH, Chung SB, Kim M, Robinson JWA, Yonezawa S, Maeno Y, Wang L, Noh TW. Superconducting Sr 2RuO 4 Thin Films without Out-of-Phase Boundaries by Higher-Order Ruddlesden-Popper Intergrowth. Nano Lett 2021; 21:4185-4192. [PMID: 33979525 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c04963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) phases (An+1BnO3n+1, n = 1, 2,···) have attracted intensive research with diverse functionalities for device applications. However, the realization of a high-quality RP-phase film is hindered by the formation of out-of-phase boundaries (OPBs) that occur at terrace edges, originating from lattice mismatch in the c-axis direction with the A'B'O3 (n = ∞) substrate. Here, using strontium ruthenate RP-phase Sr2RuO4 (n = 1) as a model system, an experimental approach for suppressing OPBs was developed. By tuning the growth parameters, the Sr3Ru2O7 (n = 2) phase was formed in a controlled manner near the film-substrate interface. This higher-order RP-phase then blocked the subsequent formation of OPBs, resulting in nearly defect-free Sr2RuO4 layer at the upper region of the film. Consequently, the Sr2RuO4 thin films exhibited superconductivity up to 1.15 K, which is the highest among Sr2RuO4 films grown by pulsed laser deposition. This work paves the way for synthesizing pristine RP-phase heterostructures and exploring their unique physical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinkwon Kim
- Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Junsik Mun
- Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Carla M Palomares García
- Department of Materials Science & Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, United Kingdom
| | - Bongju Kim
- Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Robin S Perry
- London Centre for Nanotechnology and UCL Centre for Materials Discovery, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
- ISIS Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Yongcheol Jo
- Quantum Functional Semiconductor Research Center (QSRC), Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunsik Im
- Division of Physics and Semiconductor Science, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Gyeol Lee
- Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Kyo Ko
- Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo Hyoung Chang
- Department of Physics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Bum Chung
- Department of Physics, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea
- Natural Science Research Institute, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea
- School of Physics, Korea Institute for Advanced Study, Seoul 02455, Republic of Korea
| | - Miyoung Kim
- Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jason W A Robinson
- Department of Materials Science & Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, United Kingdom
| | - Shingo Yonezawa
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Yoshiteru Maeno
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Lingfei Wang
- Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Tae Won Noh
- Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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Lai Z, Dong R, Zhu Q, Meng Y, Wang F, Li F, Bu X, Kang X, Zhang H, Quan Q, Wang W, Wang F, Yip S, Ho JC. Bication-Mediated Quasi-2D Halide Perovskites for High-Performance Flexible Photodetectors: From Ruddlesden-Popper Type to Dion-Jacobson Type. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:39567-39577. [PMID: 32805871 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c09651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Quasi-2D halide perovskites, especially the Ruddlesden-Popper perovskites (RPPs), have attracted great attention because of their promising properties for optoelectronics; however, there are still serious drawbacks, such as inefficient charge transport, poor stability, and unsatisfactory mechanical flexibility, restricting further utilization in advanced technologies. Herein, high-quality quasi-2D halide perovskite thin films are successfully synthesized with the introduction of the unique bication ethylenediammonium (EDA) via a one-step spin-coating method. This bication EDA, with short alkyl chain length, can not only substitute the typically bulky and weakly van der Waals-interacted organic bilayer spacer cations forming the novel Dion-Jacobson phase to enhance the mechanical flexibility of the quasi-2D perovskite (e.g., EDA(MA)n-1PbnI3n+1; MA = CH3NH3+) but also serve as a normal cation to achieve the more intact films (e.g., (iBA)2(MA)3-2x(EDA)xPb4I13). When fabricated into photodetectors, these optimized EDA-based perovskites deliver an excellent responsivity of 125 mA/W and a fast response time down to 380 μs under 532 nm irradiation. More importantly, the device with the Dion-Jacobson phase perovskite can be bent down to a radius of 2 mm and processed with 10,000 cycles of the bending test without any noticeable performance degradation because of its superior structure to RPPs. Besides, these films do not exhibit any material deterioration after ambient storage for 30 days. All these performance parameters are already comparable or even better than those of the state-of-the-art RPPs recently reported. This work provides valuable design guidelines of the quasi-2D perovskites to obtain high-performance flexible photodetectors for next-generation optoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengxun Lai
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Ruoting Dong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Qi Zhu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - You Meng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 3888 Dongnanhu Road, Changchun 130021, P. R. China
| | - Fangzhou Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Xiuming Bu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolin Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Quan Quan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - SenPo Yip
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
- Centre for Functional Photonics, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Johnny C Ho
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
- Centre for Functional Photonics, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Processing & Mold (Zhengzhou University), Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou 450002, P. R. China
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5
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Yu Y, Zhang D, Yang P. Ruddlesden-Popper Phase in Two-Dimensional Inorganic Halide Perovskites: A Plausible Model and the Supporting Observations. Nano Lett 2017; 17:5489-5494. [PMID: 28796526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) type structure is well-known in oxide perovskites and is related to many interesting properties such as superconductivity and ferroelectricity. However, the RP phase has not yet been discovered in inorganic halide perovskites. Here, we report the direct observation of unusual structure in two-dimensional CsPbBr3 nanosheets which could be interpreted as the RP phase based on model simulations. Structural details of the plausible RP domains and domain boundaries between the RP and conventional perovskite phases have been revealed on the atomic level using aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy. The finding marks a major advance toward future inorganic halide RP phase synthesis and theoretical modeling, as well as unraveling their structure-property relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yu
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Dandan Zhang
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Peidong Yang
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Kavli Energy NanoScience Institute , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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Hong T, Zhao M, Brinkman K, Chen F, Xia C. Enhanced Oxygen Reduction Activity on Ruddlesden-Popper Phase Decorated La 0.8Sr 0.2FeO 3-δ 3D Heterostructured Cathode for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2017; 9:8659-8668. [PMID: 28181431 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b14625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A new heterostructured (La,Sr)2FeO4-δ (LSF214)-La0.8Sr0.2FeO3-δ (LSF113) electrode has been synthesized to improve the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). This new materials system was fabricated by the deposition of Sr(NO3)2 into the LSF113 framework followed by subsequent heat treatment, resulting in a new three-dimensional (3D) LSF214-LSF113 heterostructured electrode. This material system consists of a with Ruddlesden-Popper (R-P) LSF214 phase formed on the surface of the LSF113 framework. The ORR activity has been enhanced by 1 order of magnitude using the LSF214-LSF113 heterostructured electrode. The ORR enhancement was the result of higher catalytic activity of the LSF214 phase and a mismatch in the lattice parameter between LSF214 and LSF113 regions which results in oxygen molecule adsorption and oxygen vacancy formation become more favered. Impedance spectroscopy measurements revealed that the presence of LSF214 reduced the polarization resistance of the LSF113 electrode on a ceria-based electrolyte. The high frequency resistance (RH) and low frequency resistance (RL) decreased substantially due to the enhanced oxygen transport process and accelerated oxygen incorporation rate in the LSF214-LSF113 heterostructured electrode. The heterostructured LSF214-LSF113 electrode provides a promising new approach to improve the oxygen reduction reaction activity through multiphase materials systems with tailored microstructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Hong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Clemson University , Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Mingyang Zhao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Clemson University , Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Kyle Brinkman
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Clemson University , Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Fanglin Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of South Carolina , Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Changrong Xia
- CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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