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Bauer S, Nergis B, Jin X, Schneider R, Wang D, Kübel C, Machovec P, Horak L, Holy V, Seemann K, Baumbach T, Ulrich S. Dependence of the Structural and Magnetic Properties on the Growth Sequence in Heterostructures Designed by YbFeO 3 and BaFe 12O 19. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2024; 14:711. [PMID: 38668205 PMCID: PMC11054277 DOI: 10.3390/nano14080711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
The structure and the chemical composition of individual layers as well as of interfaces belonging to the two heterostructures M1 (BaFe12O19/YbFeO3/YSZ) and M2 (YbFeO3/BaFe12O19/YSZ) grown by pulsed laser deposition on yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) substrates are deeply characterized by using a combination of methods such as high-resolution X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and atomic-resolution scanning TEM with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The temperature-dependent magnetic properties demonstrate two distinct heterostructures with different coercivity, anisotropy fields, and first anisotropy constants, which are related to the defect concentrations within the individual layers and to the degree of intermixing at the interface. The heterostructure with the stacking order BaFe12O19/YbFeO3, i.e., M1, exhibits a distinctive interface without any chemical intermixture, while an Fe-rich crystalline phase is observed in M2 both in atomic-resolution EDX maps and in mass density profiles. Additionally, M1 shows high c-axis orientation, which induces a higher anisotropy constant K1 as well as a larger coercivity due to a high number of phase boundaries. Despite the existence of a canted antiferromagnetic/ferromagnetic combination (T < 140 K), both heterostructures M1 and M2 do not reveal any detectable exchange bias at T = 50 K. Additionally, compressive residual strain on the BaM layer is found to be suppressing the ferromagnetism, thus reducing the Curie temperature (Tc) in the case of M1. These findings suggest that M1 (BaFe12O19/YbFeO3/YSZ) is suitable for magnetic storage applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sondes Bauer
- Institute for Photon Science and Synchrotron Radiation, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany; (B.N.); (T.B.)
| | - Berkin Nergis
- Institute for Photon Science and Synchrotron Radiation, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany; (B.N.); (T.B.)
| | - Xiaowei Jin
- Laboratory for Electron Microscopy, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engesserstr. 7, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany; (X.J.); (R.S.)
| | - Reinhard Schneider
- Laboratory for Electron Microscopy, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engesserstr. 7, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany; (X.J.); (R.S.)
| | - Di Wang
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany; (D.W.); (C.K.)
- Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Christian Kübel
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany; (D.W.); (C.K.)
- Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Petr Machovec
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 5, 121 16 Prague, Czech Republic; (P.M.); (L.H.); (V.H.)
| | - Lukas Horak
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 5, 121 16 Prague, Czech Republic; (P.M.); (L.H.); (V.H.)
| | - Vaclav Holy
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 5, 121 16 Prague, Czech Republic; (P.M.); (L.H.); (V.H.)
| | - Klaus Seemann
- Institute for Applied Materials, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany; (K.S.); (S.U.)
| | - Tilo Baumbach
- Institute for Photon Science and Synchrotron Radiation, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany; (B.N.); (T.B.)
- Laboratory for Applications of Synchrotron Radiation, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Kaiserstr. 12, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Sven Ulrich
- Institute for Applied Materials, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany; (K.S.); (S.U.)
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R RK, Kalaboukhov A, Weng YC, Rathod KN, Johansson T, Lindblad A, Kamalakar MV, Sarkar T. Vacancy-Engineered Nickel Ferrite Forming-Free Low-Voltage Resistive Switches for Neuromorphic Circuits. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024; 16:19225-19234. [PMID: 38579143 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c01501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Innovations in resistive switching devices constitute a core objective for the development of ultralow-power computing devices. Forming-free resistive switching is a type of resistive switching that eliminates the need for an initial high voltage for the formation of conductive filaments and offers promising opportunities to overcome the limitations of traditional resistive switching devices. Here, we demonstrate mixed charge state oxygen vacancy-engineered electroforming-free resistive switching in NiFe2O4 (NFO) thin films, fabricated as asymmetric Ti/NFO/Pt heterostructures, for the first time. Using pulsed laser deposition in a controlled oxygen atmosphere, we tune the oxygen vacancies together with the cationic valence state in the nickel ferrite phase, with the latter directly affecting the charge state of the oxygen vacancies. The structural integrity and chemical composition of the films are confirmed by X-ray diffraction and hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, respectively. Electrical transport studies reveal that resistive switching characteristics in the films can be significantly altered by tuning the amount and charge state of the oxygen vacancy concentration during the deposition of the films. The resistive switching mechanism is seen to depend upon the migration of both singly and doubly charged oxygen vacancies formed as a result of changes in the nickel valence state and the consequent formation/rupture of conducting filaments in the switching layer. This is supported by the existence of an optimum oxygen vacancy concentration for efficient low-voltage resistive switching, below or above which the switching process is inhibited. Along with the filamentary switching mechanism, the Ti top electrode also enhances the resistive switching performance due to interfacial effects. Time-resolved measurements on the devices display both long- and short-term potentiation in the optimized vacancy-engineered NFO resistive switches, ideal for solid-state synapses achieved in a single system. Our work on correlated oxide forming-free resistive switches holds significant potential for CMOS-compatible low-power, nonvolatile resistive memory and neuromorphic circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Kumar R
- Division of Solid State Physics, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Uppsala University, Uppsala SE-751 03, Sweden
| | - Alexei Kalaboukhov
- Quantum Device Physics Laboratory, Department of Microtechnology and Nanoscience, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg SE-412 96, Sweden
| | - Yi-Chen Weng
- Division of X-ray Photon Science, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala SE-751 20, Sweden
| | - K N Rathod
- Division of Solid State Physics, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Uppsala University, Uppsala SE-751 03, Sweden
| | - Ted Johansson
- Division of Solid-State Electronics, Department of Electrical Engineering, Uppsala University, Uppsala SE-751 21, Sweden
| | - Andreas Lindblad
- Division of X-ray Photon Science, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala SE-751 20, Sweden
| | - M Venkata Kamalakar
- Division of X-ray Photon Science, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala SE-751 20, Sweden
| | - Tapati Sarkar
- Division of Solid State Physics, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Uppsala University, Uppsala SE-751 03, Sweden
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Song J, Ebihara Y, Yudin P, Sakata O, Morioka H, Kiguchi T, Kondo S, Yuan X, Okamura S, Yoshino M, Nagasaki T, Yamada T. Novel Route for Enhancing Piezoelectricity of Ferroelectric Films: Controlling Nontrivial Polarization States in Pb(Zr, Ti)O 3 Monodomain Superlattice Structure. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024; 16:16145-16151. [PMID: 38515379 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c18721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Artificial superlattice films made of Pb(Zr0.4Ti0.6)O3 and Pb(Zr0.6Ti0.4)O3 were investigated for their polarization states and piezoelectric properties theoretically and experimentally in this study. The developed theory predicts nontrivial polarization along neither [001] nor [111] directions in (111)-epitaxial monodomain superlattice films with uniform compressive strain. Such films were achieved via pulsed laser deposition. When the layer thickness is reduced to 3 nm, d33 becomes 128 ± 3.8 pm/V at 100 kV/cm and 71.3 ± 2.83 pm/V at 600 kV/cm, comparable to that of (111)-oriented Pb(Zr0.4Ti0.6)O3 or Pb(Zr0.6Ti0.4)O3 bulks and clearly exceeding that of the typical clamped films. The measurement agrees with the theoretical analysis, which reveals that the enhanced piezoelectricity is due to rotation of the nontrivial polarization. Furthermore, the theoretical study predicts an even larger d33 exceeding 300 pm/V for specific parameters in superlattice films with uniform tensile strain, which is promising for applications of microelectromechanical systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jundong Song
- Department of Energy Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
- Department of Applied Physics, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan
| | - Youhei Ebihara
- Department of Energy Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Petr Yudin
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Na Slovance 2, Praha 8 18221, Czech Republic
| | - Osami Sakata
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
- Synchrotron X-ray Group, Research Center for Advanced Measurement and Characterization, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1-1, Kouto, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Morioka
- Application Department, X-ray Division, Bruker Japan K.K., Yokohama 221-0022, Japan
| | - Takanori Kiguchi
- Magnesium Research Center, Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kurokami, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Shinya Kondo
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Xueyou Yuan
- Department of Energy Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Soichiro Okamura
- Department of Applied Physics, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan
| | - Masahito Yoshino
- Department of Energy Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Takanori Nagasaki
- Department of Energy Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Yamada
- Department of Energy Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi 332-0012, Japan
- MDX Research Center for Element Strategy, International Research Frontiers Initiative, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
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García DMA, Santos RD, Liu L, Nunes WC. Exploring morphological variation in bismuth ferrite nanostructures by pulsed laser deposition: synthesis, structural and electrochemical properties. Nanotechnology 2024; 35:235702. [PMID: 38422541 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad2ee1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Structural and electrochemical properties of bismuth ferrite nanostructures produced by pulsed laser deposition with various morphologies are reported. The nanostructures are also explored as electrode materials for high-performance supercapacitors. Scanning electron microscopy images revealed that various bismuth ferrite morphologies were produced by varying the background pressure (10-6, 0.01, 0.10, 0.25, 0.50, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 Torr) in the deposition chamber and submitting them to a thermal treatment after deposition at 500◦C. The as-deposited bismuth ferrite nanostructures range from very compact thin-film (10-6, 0.01, 0.10 Torr), to clustered nanoparticles (0.25, 0.50, 1.0 Torr), to very dispersed arrangement of nanoparticles (2.0 and 4.0 Torr). The electrochemical characteristic of the electrodes was investigated through cyclic voltammetry process. The increase in the specific surface area of the nanostructures as background pressure in the chamber increases does not lead to an increase in interfacial capacitance. This is likely due to the wakening of electrical contact between nanoparticles with increasing porosity of the nanostructures. The thermal treatment increased the contact between nanoparticles, which caused an increase in the interfacial capacitance of the nanostructure deposited under high background pressure in the chamber.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana M A García
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal Fluminense, 24210-346, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo D Santos
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal Fluminense, 24210-346, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
- Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas, 22290-180, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Liying Liu
- Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas, 22290-180, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Wallace C Nunes
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal Fluminense, 24210-346, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
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Heo SJ, Harvey SP, Norman AG, Rahman MA, Singh P, Zakutayev A. Mn Additive Improves Zr Grain Boundary Diffusion for Sintering of a Y-Doped BaZrO 3 Proton Conductor. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024; 16:11646-11655. [PMID: 38387025 PMCID: PMC10921378 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c16359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Yttrium-doped barium zirconate (BZY) has garnered attention as a protonic conductor in intermediate-temperature electrolysis and fuel cells due to its high bulk proton conductivity and excellent chemical stability. However, the performance of BZY can be further enhanced by reducing the concentration and resistance of grain boundaries. In this study, we investigate the impact of manganese (Mn) additives on the sinterability and proton conductivity of Y-doped BaZrO3 (BZY). By employing a combinatorial pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique, we synthesized BZY thin films with varying Mn concentrations and sintering temperatures. Our results revealed a significant enhancement in sinterability as Mn concentrations increased, leading to larger grain sizes and lower grain boundary concentrations. These improvements can be attributed to the elevated grain boundary diffusion of zirconium (Zr) cations, which enhances material densification. We also observed a reduction in Goldschmidt's tolerance factor with increased Mn substitution, which can improve proton transport. The high proton conduction of BZY with Mn additives in low-temperature and wet hydrogen environments makes it a promising candidate for protonic ceramic electrolysis cells and fuel cells. Our findings not only advance the understanding of Mn additives in BZY materials but also demonstrate a high-throughput combinatorial thin film approach to select additives for other perovskite materials with importance in mass and charge transport applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Jeong Heo
- Materials
Science Center, National Renewable Energy
Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
- Advanced
Fuel Cycle Technology Development Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, 111 Daedeok-daero, Daejeon 34057, South Korea
| | - Steven P. Harvey
- Materials
Science Center, National Renewable Energy
Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Andrew G. Norman
- Materials
Science Center, National Renewable Energy
Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Muhammad Anisur Rahman
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Prabhakar Singh
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Andriy Zakutayev
- Materials
Science Center, National Renewable Energy
Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
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Craciun D, Laszlo EA, Mirza-Rosca JC, Dorcioman G, Geanta V, Voiculescu I, Craciun G, Badea L, Craciun V. Structural Parameters and Behavior in Simulated Body Fluid of High Entropy Alloy Thin Films. Materials (Basel) 2024; 17:1162. [PMID: 38473633 DOI: 10.3390/ma17051162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
The structure, composition and corrosion properties of thin films synthesized using the Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD) technique starting from a three high entropy alloy (HEA) AlCoCrFeNix produced by vacuum arc remelting (VAR) method were investigated. The depositions were performed at room temperature on Si and mirror-like polished Ti substrates either under residual vacuum (low 10-7 mbar, films denoted HEA2, HEA6, and HEA10, which were grown from targets with Ni concentration molar ratio, x, equal to 0.4, 1.2, and 2.0, respectively) or under N2 (10-4 mbar, films denoted HEN2, HEN6, and HEN10 for the same Ni concentration molar ratios). The deposited films' structures, investigated using Grazing Incidence X-ray Diffraction, showed the presence of face-centered cubic and body-centered cubic phases, while their surface morphology, investigated using scanning electron microscopy, exhibited a smooth surface with micrometer size droplets. The mass density and thickness were obtained from simulations of acquired X-ray reflectivity curves. The films' elemental composition, estimated using the energy dispersion X-ray spectroscopy, was quite close to that of the targets used. X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy investigation showed that films deposited under a N2 atmosphere contained several percentages of N atoms in metallic nitride compounds. The electrochemical behavior of films under simulated body fluid (SBF) conditions was investigated by Open Circuit Potential (OCP) and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy measurements. The measured OCP values increased over time, implying that a passive layer was formed on the surface of the films. It was observed that all films started to passivate in SBF solution, with the HEN6 film exhibiting the highest increase. The highest repassivation potential was exhibited by the same film, implying that it had the highest stability range of all analyzed films. Impedance measurements indicated high corrosion resistance values for HEA2, HEA6, and HEN6 samples. Much lower resistances were found for HEN10 and HEN2. Overall, HEN6 films exhibited the best corrosion behavior among the investigated films. It was noticed that for 24 h of immersion in SBF solution, this film was also a physical barrier to the corrosion process, not only a chemical one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doina Craciun
- National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 077125 Măgurele, Romania
| | - Edwin A Laszlo
- Faculty of Physics, Doctoral School of Physics, University of Bucharest, 077125 Măgurele, Romania
| | - Julia C Mirza-Rosca
- Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Materials Engineering and Welding Department, Transilvania University of Brasov, 500036 Brasov, Romania
| | - Gabriela Dorcioman
- National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 077125 Măgurele, Romania
| | - Victor Geanta
- Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ionelia Voiculescu
- Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Liviu Badea
- Faculty of Physics, Doctoral School of Physics, University of Bucharest, 077125 Măgurele, Romania
- National R&D Institute for Non-Ferrous and Rare Metals, 077145 Pantelimon, Romania
| | - Valentin Craciun
- National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 077125 Măgurele, Romania
- Extreme Light Infrastructure for Nuclear Physics, IFIN-HH, 077125 Măgurele, Romania
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Belaid W, Gezgin SY, Basyooni-M Kabatas MA, Eker YR, Kiliç HŞ. Utilizing Gold Nanoparticle Decoration for Enhanced UV Photodetection in CdS Thin Films Fabricated by Pulsed Laser Deposition: Exploiting Plasmon-Induced Effects. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2024; 14:416. [PMID: 38470747 DOI: 10.3390/nano14050416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
UV sensors hold significant promise for various applications in both military and civilian domains. However, achieving exceptional detectivity, responsivity, and rapid rise/decay times remains a notable challenge. In this study, we address this challenge by investigating the photodetection properties of CdS thin films and the influence of surface-deposited gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on their performance. CdS thin films were produced using the pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique on glass substrates, with CdS layers at a 100, 150, and 200 nm thickness. Extensive characterization was performed to evaluate the thin films' structural, morphological, and optical properties. Photodetector devices based on CdS and AuNPs/CdS films were fabricated, and their performance parameters were evaluated under 365 nm light illumination. Our findings demonstrated that reducing CdS layer thickness enhanced performance concerning detectivity, responsivity, external quantum efficiency (EQE), and photocurrent gain. Furthermore, AuNP deposition on the surface of CdS films exhibited a substantial influence, especially on devices with thinner CdS layers. Among the configurations, AuNPs/CdS(100 nm) demonstrated the highest values in all evaluated parameters, including detectivity (1.1×1012 Jones), responsivity (13.86 A/W), EQE (47.2%), and photocurrent gain (9.2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Walid Belaid
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Selçuk University, Konya 42075, Turkey
| | - Serap Yiğit Gezgin
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Selçuk University, Konya 42075, Turkey
| | - Mohamed A Basyooni-M Kabatas
- Dynamics of Micro and Nano Systems Group, Department of Precision and Microsystems Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 2, 2628 CD Delft, The Netherlands
- Solar Research Laboratory, Solar and Space Research Department, National Research Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics, Cairo 11421, Egypt
- Science and Technology Research and Application Center (BITAM), Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya 42090, Turkey
| | - Yasin Ramazan Eker
- Science and Technology Research and Application Center (BITAM), Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya 42090, Turkey
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya 42090, Turkey
| | - Hamdi Şükür Kiliç
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Selçuk University, Konya 42075, Turkey
- Directorate of High Technology Research and Application Center, University of Selçuk, Konya 42031, Turkey
- Directorate of Laser-Induced Proton Therapy Application and Research Center, University of Selçuk, Konya 42031, Turkey
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8
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Surendran M, Singh S, Chen H, Wu C, Avishai A, Shao YT, Ravichandran J. A Hybrid Pulsed Laser Deposition Approach to Grow Thin Films of Chalcogenides. Adv Mater 2024:e2312620. [PMID: 38288906 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202312620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Vapor-pressure mismatched materials such as transition metal chalcogenides have emerged as electronic, photonic, and quantum materials with scientific and technological importance. However, epitaxial growth of vapor-pressure mismatched materials are challenging due to differences in the reactivity, sticking coefficient, and surface adatom mobility of the mismatched species constituting the material, especially sulfur containing compounds. Here, a novel approach is reported to grow chalcogenides-hybrid pulsed laser deposition-wherein an organosulfur precursor is used as a sulfur source in conjunction with pulsed laser deposition to regulate the stoichiometry of the deposited films. Epitaxial or textured thin films of sulfides with variety of structure and chemistry such as alkaline metal chalcogenides, main group chalcogenides, transition metal chalcogenides, and chalcogenide perovskites are demonstrated, and structural characterization reveal improvement in thin film crystallinity, and surface and interface roughness compared to the state-of-the-art. The growth method can be broadened to other vapor-pressure mismatched chalcogenides such as selenides and tellurides. This work opens up opportunities for broader epitaxial growth of chalcogenides, especially sulfide-based thin film technological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mythili Surendran
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, and Core Center for Excellence in Nano Imaging, University of Southern California, 925 Bloom Walk, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Shantanu Singh
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, 925 Bloom Walk, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Huandong Chen
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, 925 Bloom Walk, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Claire Wu
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, 925 Bloom Walk, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Amir Avishai
- Core Center for Excellence in Nano Imaging, University of Southern California, 925 Bloom Walk, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Yu-Tsun Shao
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, and Core Center for Excellence in Nano Imaging, University of Southern California, 925 Bloom Walk, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Jayakanth Ravichandran
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Core Center for Excellence in Nano Imaging and Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Southern California, 925 Bloom Walk, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
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Filipov E, Yildiz R, Dikovska A, Sotelo L, Soma T, Avdeev G, Terziyska P, Christiansen S, Leriche A, Fernandes MH, Daskalova A. Design of Laser Activated Antimicrobial Porous Tricalcium Phosphate-Hydroxyapatite Scaffolds for Orthopedic Applications. J Funct Biomater 2024; 15:36. [PMID: 38391889 PMCID: PMC10889241 DOI: 10.3390/jfb15020036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The field of bone tissue engineering is steadily being improved by novel experimental approaches. Nevertheless, microbial adhesion after scaffold implantation remains a limitation that could lead to the impairment of the regeneration process, or scaffold rejection. The present study introduces a methodology that employs laser-based strategies for the development of antimicrobial interfaces on tricalcium phosphate-hydroxyapatite (TCP-HA) scaffolds. The outer surfaces of the ceramic scaffolds with inner porosity were structured using a femtosecond laser (λ = 800 nm; τ = 70 fs) for developing micropatterns and altering local surface roughness. The pulsed laser deposition of ZnO was used for the subsequent functionalization of both laser-structured and unmodified surfaces. The impact of the fs irradiation was investigated by Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The effects of the ZnO-layered ceramic surfaces on initial bacterial adherence were assessed by culturing Staphylococcus aureus on both functionalized and non-functionalized scaffolds. Bacterial metabolic activity and morphology were monitored via the Resazurin assay and microscopic approaches. The presence of ZnO evidently decreased the metabolic activity of bacteria and led to impaired cell morphology. The results from this study have led to the conclusion that the combination of fs laser-structured surface topography and ZnO could yield a potential antimicrobial interface for implants in bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emil Filipov
- Institute of Electronics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 72 Tsarigradsko Chaussee Blvd., 1784 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Ridvan Yildiz
- CERAMATHS-Laboratoire de Matériaux Céramiques et de Mathématiques, Département Matériaux et Procédés, University Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, F-59313 Valenciennes, France
| | - Anna Dikovska
- Institute of Electronics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 72 Tsarigradsko Chaussee Blvd., 1784 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Lamborghini Sotelo
- Institute for Nanotechnology and Correlative Microscopy eV INAM, Äußere Nürnberger Str. 62, 91301 Forchheim, Germany
- Institute for Optics, Information and Photonics, Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Staudtstraße 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tharun Soma
- Institute for Nanotechnology and Correlative Microscopy eV INAM, Äußere Nürnberger Str. 62, 91301 Forchheim, Germany
| | - Georgi Avdeev
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. Georgi Bonchev Str. Bld. 11, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Penka Terziyska
- G. Nadjakov Institute of Solid State Physics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Tsarigradsko Chausse 72 Blvd, 1784 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Silke Christiansen
- Institute for Nanotechnology and Correlative Microscopy eV INAM, Äußere Nürnberger Str. 62, 91301 Forchheim, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Technologies and Systems IKTS, Äußere Nürnberger Str. 62, 91301 Forchheim, Germany
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Fachbereich Physik, Frei Universität Berlin, Arnimalle 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Anne Leriche
- CERAMATHS-Laboratoire de Matériaux Céramiques et de Mathématiques, Département Matériaux et Procédés, University Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, F-59313 Valenciennes, France
| | - Maria Helena Fernandes
- Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Manuel Pereira da Silva, 4200-393 Porto, Portugal
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, University of Porto, 4160-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Albena Daskalova
- Institute of Electronics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 72 Tsarigradsko Chaussee Blvd., 1784 Sofia, Bulgaria
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10
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Torres-Castanedo CG, Buchholz DB, Pham T, Zheng L, Cheng M, Dravid VP, Hersam MC, Bedzyk MJ. Ultrasmooth Epitaxial Pt Thin Films Grown by Pulsed Laser Deposition. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024; 16:1921-1929. [PMID: 38123145 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c16065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Platinum (Pt) thin films are useful in applications requiring high-conductivity electrodes with excellent thermal and chemical stability. Ultrasmooth and epitaxial Pt thin films with single-crystalline domains have the added benefit of providing ideal templates for the subsequent growth of heteroepitaxial structures. Here, we grow epitaxial Pt (111) electrodes (ca. 30 nm thick) on sapphire (α-Al2O3 (0001)) substrates with pulsed laser deposition. This versatile technique allows control of the growth process and fabrication of films with carefully tailored parameters. X-ray scattering, atomic-force microscopy, and electron microscopy provide structural characterization of the films. Various gaseous atmospheres and temperatures were explored to achieve epitaxial growth of films with low roughness. A two-step (500 °C/300 °C) growth process was developed, yielding films with improved epitaxy without compromising roughness. The resulting films possess ultrasmooth interfaces (<3 Å) and high electrical conductivity (6.9 × 106 S/m). Finally, Pt films were used as current collectors and templates to grow lithium manganese oxide (LiMn2O4 (111)) epitaxial thin films, a cathode material used in Li-ion batteries. Using a solid-state ionogel electrolyte, the films were highly stable when electrochemically cycled in the 3.5-4.3 V vs Li/Li+ range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos G Torres-Castanedo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - D Bruce Buchholz
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Thang Pham
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Liyang Zheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Matthew Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Vinayak P Dravid
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Northwestern University Atomic and Nanoscale Characterization Experimental Center (NUANCE), Northwestern University,Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Mark C Hersam
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Michael J Bedzyk
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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11
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Bisht P, Belle BD, Aggarwal P, Ghosh A, Xing W, Kaur N, Singh JP, Mehta BR. Gas Sensing Properties of PLD Grown 2D SnS Film: Effect of Film Thickness, Metal Nanoparticle Decoration, and In Situ KPFM Investigation. Small 2024:e2307037. [PMID: 38178272 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
This study employs novel growth methodologies and surface sensitization with metal nanoparticles to enhance and manipulate gas sensing behavior of two-dimensional (2D)SnS film. Growth of SnS films is optimized by varying substrate temperature and laser pulses during pulsed laser deposition (PLD). Thereafter, palladium (Pd), gold (Au), and silver (Ag) nanoparticles are decorated on as-grown film using gas-phase synthesis techniques. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, and Field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) elucidate the growth evolution of SnS and the effect of nanoparticle decoration. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses the chemical state and composition. Pristine SnS, Ag, and Au decorated SnS films are sensitive and selective toward NO2 at room temperature (RT). Ag nanoparticle increases the response of pristine SnS from 48 to 138% toward 2 ppm NO2, which indicates electronic and chemical sensitization effect of Ag. Pd decoration on SnS tunes its selectivity toward H2 gas with a response of 55% toward 70 ppm H2 and limit of detection (LOD) < 1 ppm. In situ Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) maps the work function changes, revealing catalytic effect of Ag toward NO2 in Ag-decorated SnS and direct charge transfer between Pd and SnS during H2 exposure in Pd-decorated SnS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Bisht
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Branson D Belle
- SINTEF INDUSTRY, Materials Physics, Forskningsveien 1, Oslo, NO - 0373, Norway
| | - Pallavi Aggarwal
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Abhishek Ghosh
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Wen Xing
- SINTEF INDUSTRY, Materials Physics, Forskningsveien 1, Oslo, NO - 0373, Norway
| | - Narinder Kaur
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - J P Singh
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - B R Mehta
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
- Directorate of Research, Innovation and Development, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201309, India
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12
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Lee Y, Kim Y, Lee S, Kim C. Ferromagnetic insulating substrate for magnetic proximity studies: LaCoO 3thin film. Nanotechnology 2024; 35:125001. [PMID: 38064735 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad13bd] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Ferromagnetic insulators (FMIs) are intriguing not only due to their rare nature, but also due to their potential applications in spintronics and various electronic devices. One of its key promising applications is based on an FMI-induced magnetic proximity effect, which can impose an effective time-reversal symmetry breaking on the target ultrathin layer to realize novel emergent phenomena. Here, we conduct systematic studies on thin film LaCoO3, an insulator known to be ferromagnet under tensile strain, with varying thicknesses, to establish it as an FMI platform to be integrated in heterostructures. The optimal thickness of the LaCoO3layer, providing a smooth surface and robust ferromagnetism with large remanence, is determined. A heterostructure consisting of an ultrathin target layer (2 uc SrRuO3), the LaCoO3FMI layer, and the La0.5Sr0.5CoO3conducting layer has been fabricated and the angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy measurement on the multi-layer system demonstrates a sharp Fermi edge and a well-defined Fermi surface without the charging effect. This demonstrates the feasibility of the proposed heterostructure using LaCoO3thin film as the FMI layer, and further lays a groundwork to investigate the magnetic proximity induced phases in quantum materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeonjae Lee
- Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngdo Kim
- Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangjae Lee
- The Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Changyoung Kim
- Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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13
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Lavric R, Vreme C, Busuioc C, Isopencu GO, Nicoara AI, Oprea OC, Banciu DD, Constantinoiu I, Musat AMR. The Effect of Silver and Samarium on the Properties of Bioglass Coatings Produced by Pulsed Laser Deposition and Spin Coating. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:560. [PMID: 38132814 PMCID: PMC10744176 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14120560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study reports the use of silver (Ag) and samarium (Sm) as dopants to improve the properties of standard bioglass in terms of biological performance. This experiment considers thin films of doped bioglass obtained by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) and spin coating (SC). For both methods, some parameters were gradually varied, as the main objective was to produce a bioglass that could be used in biomedical fields. In order to study the morphology, the phase composition and other properties, the samples obtained were subjected to multiple analyses, such as thermal analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR), Raman spectroscopy, and x-ray diffraction (XRD). Furthermore, the in vitro bioactivity of the samples, as assessed through simulated body fluid (SBF) immersion, as well as immunocytochemistry and evaluation of actin filaments, assessed through fluorescence microscopy, are reported. The results confirmed the formation of the designed vitreous target employed as the source of material in the PLD experiments only at sintering temperatures below 800 °C; this vitreous nature was preserved in the grown film as well. The presence of Ag and Ce dopants in the parent glassy matrix was validated for all stages, from powder, to target, to PLD/SC-derived coatings. Additionally, it was demonstrated that the surface topography of the layers can be adjusted by using substrates with different roughness or by modulating the processing parameters, such as substrate temperature and working pressure in PLD, rotation speed, and number of layers in SC. The developed material was found to be highly bioactive after 28 days of immersion in SBF, but it was also found to be a potential candidate for inhibiting the growth of Gram-negative bacteria and a suitable support for cell growth and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxana Lavric
- Department of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Engineering, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, RO-060042 Bucharest, Romania; (R.L.)
| | - Cornelia Vreme
- Department of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Engineering, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, RO-060042 Bucharest, Romania; (R.L.)
| | - Cristina Busuioc
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, RO-060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gabriela-Olimpia Isopencu
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, RO-060042 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Adrian-Ionut Nicoara
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, RO-060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ovidiu-Cristian Oprea
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, RO-060042 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Daniel-Dumitru Banciu
- Department of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Engineering, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, RO-060042 Bucharest, Romania; (R.L.)
| | - Izabela Constantinoiu
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, RO-060042 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Lasers, National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, RO-077125 Magurele, Romania
| | - Ana-Maria-Raluca Musat
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, RO-060042 Bucharest, Romania
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14
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Yang G, Nam SH, Han G, Fang NX, Lee D. Achieving Fast Oxygen Reduction on Oxide Electrodes by Creating 3D Multiscale Micro-Nano Structures for Low-Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:50427-50436. [PMID: 37856441 PMCID: PMC10623512 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c07115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Fast oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) at the cathode is a key requirement for the realization of low-temperature solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). While the design of three-dimensional (3D) structures has emerged as a new and promising approach to improving the electrochemical performance of SOFC cathodes, achieving versatile structures and structural stability is still challenging. In this study, we demonstrate a novel architectural design for a superior cathode with fast ORR activity. By employing a completely new fabrication process comprising a 3D printing technique and pulsed laser deposition (PLD), we design 3D La0.8Sr0.2CoO3-δ (LSC) micro-nano structures with the desired shape. 3D-printed yttria-stabilized ZrO2 (YSZ) microstructures significantly increase the ratio of surface area to volume while maintaining suitable ionic conductivity comparable to that of single-crystalline YSZ substrates. Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis reveal the formation of crack- or void-free YSZ microstructures and the uniform deposition of LSC films by PLD on the YSZ microstructures. The 3D LSC micro-nano structures show significantly enhanced oxygen surface exchange coefficients (kchem) extracted from electrical conductivity relaxation (ECR) measurements by up to 3 orders of magnitude relative to the bulk LSC. Furthermore, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements verify the kchem values from ECR and no directional difference in the measured ORR activity depending on the shape of 3D microstructures. The dramatic enhancement of the ORR activity of LSC is attributed to the increased film surface areas resulting from the 3D YSZ microstructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gene Yang
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, University of
South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Sang-Hoon Nam
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Gina Han
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Nicholas X. Fang
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, University of
Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Dongkyu Lee
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, University of
South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
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15
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Frankberg EJ, Lambai A, Zhang J, Kalikka J, Khakalo S, Paladino B, Cabrioli M, Mathews NG, Salminen T, Hokka M, Akola J, Kuronen A, Levänen E, Di Fonzo F, Mohanty G. Exceptional Microscale Plasticity in Amorphous Aluminum Oxide at Room Temperature. Adv Mater 2023; 35:e2303142. [PMID: 37515520 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202303142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Oxide glasses are an elementary group of materials in modern society, but brittleness limits their wider usability at room temperature. As an exception to the rule, amorphous aluminum oxide (a-Al2 O3 ) is a rare diatomic glassy material exhibiting significant nanoscale plasticity at room temperature. Here, it is shown experimentally that the room temperature plasticity of a-Al2 O3 extends to the microscale and high strain rates using in situ micropillar compression. All tested a-Al2 O3 micropillars deform without fracture at up to 50% strain via a combined mechanism of viscous creep and shear band slip propagation. Large-scale molecular dynamics simulations align with the main experimental observations and verify the plasticity mechanism at the atomic scale. The experimental strain rates reach magnitudes typical for impact loading scenarios, such as hammer forging, with strain rates up to the order of 1 000 s-1 , and the total a-Al2 O3 sample volume exhibiting significant low-temperature plasticity without fracture is expanded by 5 orders of magnitude from previous observations. The discovery is consistent with the theoretical prediction that the plasticity observed in a-Al2 O3 can extend to macroscopic bulk scale and suggests that amorphous oxides show significant potential to be used as light, high-strength, and damage-tolerant engineering materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erkka J Frankberg
- Materials Science and Environmental Engineering Unit, Tampere University, Korkeakoulunkatu 6, Tampere, 33720, Finland
- Center for Nano Science and Technology CNST@Polimi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Pascoli 70/3, Milano, 20133, Italy
| | - Aloshious Lambai
- Materials Science and Environmental Engineering Unit, Tampere University, Korkeakoulunkatu 6, Tampere, 33720, Finland
| | - Jiahui Zhang
- Materials Science and Environmental Engineering Unit, Tampere University, Korkeakoulunkatu 6, Tampere, 33720, Finland
- Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 43, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland
| | - Janne Kalikka
- Computational Physics Laboratory, Tampere University, Korkeakoulunkatu 6, Tampere, 33720, Finland
| | - Sergei Khakalo
- Integrated Computational Materials Engineering, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., Vuorimiehentie 2, Espoo, 02044, Finland
- Department of Civil Engineering, Aalto University, Rakentajanaukio 4, Espoo, 02150, Finland
| | - Boris Paladino
- Center for Nano Science and Technology CNST@Polimi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Pascoli 70/3, Milano, 20133, Italy
| | - Mattia Cabrioli
- Center for Nano Science and Technology CNST@Polimi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Pascoli 70/3, Milano, 20133, Italy
| | - Nidhin G Mathews
- Materials Science and Environmental Engineering Unit, Tampere University, Korkeakoulunkatu 6, Tampere, 33720, Finland
| | - Turkka Salminen
- Tampere Microscopy Center, Tampere University, Korkeakoulunkatu 6, Tampere, 33720, Finland
| | - Mikko Hokka
- Materials Science and Environmental Engineering Unit, Tampere University, Korkeakoulunkatu 6, Tampere, 33720, Finland
| | - Jaakko Akola
- Computational Physics Laboratory, Tampere University, Korkeakoulunkatu 6, Tampere, 33720, Finland
- Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Høgskoleringen 5, Trondheim, NO-7491, Norway
| | - Antti Kuronen
- Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 43, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland
| | - Erkki Levänen
- Materials Science and Environmental Engineering Unit, Tampere University, Korkeakoulunkatu 6, Tampere, 33720, Finland
| | - Fabio Di Fonzo
- Center for Nano Science and Technology CNST@Polimi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Pascoli 70/3, Milano, 20133, Italy
- X-nano s.r.l, Via Rubattino 8, Milano, 20134, Italy
| | - Gaurav Mohanty
- Materials Science and Environmental Engineering Unit, Tampere University, Korkeakoulunkatu 6, Tampere, 33720, Finland
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16
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Španková M, Chromik Š, Dobročka E, Pribusová Slušná L, Talacko M, Gregor M, Pécz B, Koos A, Greco G, Panasci SE, Fiorenza P, Roccaforte F, Cordier Y, Frayssinet E, Giannazzo F. Large-Area MoS 2 Films Grown on Sapphire and GaN Substrates by Pulsed Laser Deposition. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:2837. [PMID: 37947682 PMCID: PMC10647872 DOI: 10.3390/nano13212837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we present the preparation of few-layer MoS2 films on single-crystal sapphire, as well as on heteroepitaxial GaN templates on sapphire substrates, using the pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique. Detailed structural and chemical characterization of the films were performed using Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction measurements, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. According to X-ray diffraction studies, the films exhibit epitaxial growth, indicating a good in-plane alignment. Furthermore, the films demonstrate uniform thickness on large areas, as confirmed by Raman spectroscopy. The lateral electrical current transport of the MoS2 grown on sapphire was investigated by temperature (T)-dependent sheet resistance and Hall effect measurements, showing a high n-type doping of the semiconducting films (ns from ~1 × 1013 to ~3.4 × 1013 cm-2 from T = 300 K to 500 K), with a donor ionization energy of Ei = 93 ± 8 meV and a mobility decreasing with T. Finally, the vertical current injection across the MoS2/GaN heterojunction was investigated by means of conductive atomic force microscopy, showing the rectifying behavior of the I-V characteristics with a Schottky barrier height of ϕB ≈ 0.36 eV. The obtained results pave the way for the scalable application of PLD-grown MoS2 on GaN in electronics/optoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Španková
- Institute of Electrical Engineering, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 84104 Bratislava, Slovakia; (Š.C.); (E.D.); (L.P.S.); (M.T.)
| | - Štefan Chromik
- Institute of Electrical Engineering, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 84104 Bratislava, Slovakia; (Š.C.); (E.D.); (L.P.S.); (M.T.)
| | - Edmund Dobročka
- Institute of Electrical Engineering, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 84104 Bratislava, Slovakia; (Š.C.); (E.D.); (L.P.S.); (M.T.)
| | - Lenka Pribusová Slušná
- Institute of Electrical Engineering, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 84104 Bratislava, Slovakia; (Š.C.); (E.D.); (L.P.S.); (M.T.)
| | - Marcel Talacko
- Institute of Electrical Engineering, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 84104 Bratislava, Slovakia; (Š.C.); (E.D.); (L.P.S.); (M.T.)
| | - Maroš Gregor
- Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University Bratislava, 84248 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Béla Pécz
- HUN-REN Centre for Energy Research, Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, Konkoly-Thege ut 29-33, 1121 Budapest, Hungary; (B.P.); (A.K.)
| | - Antal Koos
- HUN-REN Centre for Energy Research, Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, Konkoly-Thege ut 29-33, 1121 Budapest, Hungary; (B.P.); (A.K.)
| | - Giuseppe Greco
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche—Istituto per la Microelettronica e Microsistemi (CNR-IMM), Strada VIII 5, 95121 Catania, Italy; (G.G.); (S.E.P.); (P.F.); (F.R.); (F.G.)
| | - Salvatore Ethan Panasci
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche—Istituto per la Microelettronica e Microsistemi (CNR-IMM), Strada VIII 5, 95121 Catania, Italy; (G.G.); (S.E.P.); (P.F.); (F.R.); (F.G.)
| | - Patrick Fiorenza
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche—Istituto per la Microelettronica e Microsistemi (CNR-IMM), Strada VIII 5, 95121 Catania, Italy; (G.G.); (S.E.P.); (P.F.); (F.R.); (F.G.)
| | - Fabrizio Roccaforte
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche—Istituto per la Microelettronica e Microsistemi (CNR-IMM), Strada VIII 5, 95121 Catania, Italy; (G.G.); (S.E.P.); (P.F.); (F.R.); (F.G.)
| | - Yvon Cordier
- CNRS, CRHEA, Université Côte d’Azur, 06560 Valbonne, France; (Y.C.); (E.F.)
| | - Eric Frayssinet
- CNRS, CRHEA, Université Côte d’Azur, 06560 Valbonne, France; (Y.C.); (E.F.)
| | - Filippo Giannazzo
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche—Istituto per la Microelettronica e Microsistemi (CNR-IMM), Strada VIII 5, 95121 Catania, Italy; (G.G.); (S.E.P.); (P.F.); (F.R.); (F.G.)
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17
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Mascaretti L, Mancarella C, Afshar M, Kment Š, Bassi AL, Naldoni A. Plasmonic titanium nitride nanomaterials prepared by physical vapor deposition methods. Nanotechnology 2023; 34:502003. [PMID: 37738967 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/acfc4f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Titanium nitride (TiN) has recently emerged as an alternative to coinage metals to enable the development of integrated plasmonic devices at visible and medium-infrared wavelengths. In this regard, its optical performance can be conveniently tuned by tailoring the process parameters of physical vapor deposition methods, such as magnetron sputtering and pulsed laser deposition (PLD). This review first introduces the fundamental features of TiN and a description on its optical properties, including insights on the main experimental techniques to measure them. Afterwards, magnetron sputtering and PLD are selected as fabrication techniques for TiN nanomaterials. The fundamental mechanistic aspects of both techniques are discussed in parallel with selected case studies from the recent literature, which elucidate the critical advantages of such techniques to engineer the nanostructure and the plasmonic performance of TiN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Mascaretti
- Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Cristina Mancarella
- Micro- and Nanostructured Materials Laboratory, Department of Energy, Politecnico di Milano, Via Ponzio 34/3, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Morteza Afshar
- Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. listopadu 1192/12, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Štěpán Kment
- Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- CEET, Nanotechnology Centre, VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 2172/15, Ostrava-Poruba 708 00, Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Li Bassi
- Micro- and Nanostructured Materials Laboratory, Department of Energy, Politecnico di Milano, Via Ponzio 34/3, I-20133 Milano, Italy
- Center for Nanoscience and Technology-IIT@PoliMi, Via Rubattino 81, I-20134 Milano, Italy
| | - Alberto Naldoni
- Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre, University of Turin, Turin I-10125, Italy
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18
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Ho HC, Smiljanić M, Jovanović Z, Čekada M, Kovač J, Koster G, Hlinka J, Hodnik N, Spreitzer M. Robust SrTiO 3 Passivation of Silicon Photocathode by Reduced Graphene Oxide for Solar Water Splitting. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:44482-44492. [PMID: 37695941 PMCID: PMC10520914 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c07747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Development of a robust photocathode using low-cost and high-performing materials, e.g., p-Si, to produce clean fuel hydrogen has remained challenging since the semiconductor substrate is easily susceptible to (photo)corrosion under photoelectrochemical (PEC) operational conditions. A protective layer over the substrate to simultaneously provide corrosion resistance and maintain efficient charge transfer across the device is therefore needed. To this end, in the present work, we utilized pulsed laser deposition (PLD) to prepare a high-quality SrTiO3 (STO) layer to passivate the p-Si substrate using a buffer layer of reduced graphene oxide (rGO). Specifically, a very thin (3.9 nm ∼10 unit cells) STO layer epitaxially overgrown on rGO-buffered Si showed the highest onset potential (0.326 V vs RHE) in comparison to the counterparts with thicker and/or nonepitaxial STO. The photovoltage, flat-band potential, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements revealed that the epitaxial photocathode was more beneficial for charge separation, charge transfer, and targeted redox reaction than the nonepitaxial one. The STO/rGO/Si with a smooth and highly epitaxial STO layer outperforming the directly contacted STO/Si with a textured and polycrystalline STO layer showed the importance of having a well-defined passivation layer. In addition, the numerous pinholes formed in the directly contacted STO/Si led to the rapid degradation of the photocathode during the PEC measurements. The stability tests demonstrated the soundness of the epitaxial STO layer in passivating Si against corrosion. This study provided a facile approach for preparing a robust protection layer over a photoelectrode substrate in realizing an efficient and, at the same time, durable PEC device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Chia Ho
- Advanced
Materials Department, Jožef Stefan
Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Milutin Smiljanić
- Department
of Materials Chemistry, National Institute
of Chemistry, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Zoran Jovanović
- Advanced
Materials Department, Jožef Stefan
Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Laboratory
of Physics, Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National
Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University
of Belgrade, 11351 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Miha Čekada
- Department
of Thin Films and Surfaces, Jožef
Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Janez Kovač
- Department
of Surface Engineering, Jožef Stefan
Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Gertjan Koster
- MESA+
Institute for Nanotechnology, University
of Twente, Enschede 7522, NB, The Netherlands
| | - Jiří Hlinka
- Department
of Dielectrics, Institute of Physics of
the Czech Academy of Sciences, 182 00 Prague, Czech
Republic
| | - Nejc Hodnik
- Department
of Materials Chemistry, National Institute
of Chemistry, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Matjaž Spreitzer
- Advanced
Materials Department, Jožef Stefan
Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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19
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Zhou S, Liao L, Chen L, Feng B, He X, Bai X, Song C, Wu K. Ferroelectricity in Epitaxial Perovskite Oxide Bi 2WO 6 Films with One-Unit-Cell Thickness. Nano Lett 2023; 23:7838-7844. [PMID: 37590032 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c01426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Retaining ferroelectricity in ultrathin films or nanostructures is crucial for miniaturizing ferroelectric devices, but it is a challenging task due to intrinsic depolarization and size effects. In this study, we have shown that it is possible to stably maintain in-plane polarization in an extremely thin, one-unit-cell thick epitaxial Bi2WO6 film. The use of a perfectly lattice-matched NdGaO3 (110) substrate for the Bi2WO6 film minimizes strain and enhances stability. We attribute the residual polarization in this ultrathin film to the crystal stability of the Bi-O octahedral framework against structural distortions. Our findings suggest that ferroelectricity can surpass the critical thickness limit through proper strain engineering, and the Bi2WO6/NdGaO3 (110) system presents a potential platform for designing low-energy consumption, nonvolatile ferroelectric memories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Zhou
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lei Liao
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lan Chen
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Baojie Feng
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaoyue He
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Xuedong Bai
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chuangye Song
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Kehui Wu
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Light-Element Quantum Materials and Research Center for Light-Element Advanced Materials, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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20
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Wawra J, Nielsch K, Hühne R. Influence of Lattice Mismatch on Structural and Functional Properties of Epitaxial Ba 0.7Sr 0.3TiO 3 Thin Films. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:6036. [PMID: 37687729 PMCID: PMC10488420 DOI: 10.3390/ma16176036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Substrate-induced strains can significantly influence the structural properties of epitaxial thin films. In ferroelectrics, this might lead to significant changes in the functional properties due to the strong electromechanical coupling in those materials. To study this in more detail, epitaxial Ba0.7Sr0.3TiO3 films, which have a perovskite structure and a structural phase transition close to room temperature, were grown with different thicknesses on REScO3 (RE-rare earth element) substrates having a smaller lattice mismatch compared to SrTiO3. A fully strained SrRuO3 bottom electrode and Pt top contacts were used to achieve a capacitor-like architecture. Different X-ray diffraction techniques were applied to study the microstructure of the films. Epitaxial films with a higher crystalline quality were obtained on scandates in comparison to SrTiO3, whereas the strain state of the functional layer was strongly dependent on the chosen substrate and the thickness. Differences in permittivity and a non-linear polarization behavior were observed at higher temperatures, suggesting that ferroelectricity is supressed under tensile strain conditions in contrast to compressive strain for our measurement configuration, while a similar reentrant relaxor-like behavior was found in all studied layers below 0°C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Wawra
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, Helmholtzstrasse 20, D-01069 Dresden, Germany; (J.W.); (K.N.)
- Institute for Applied Physics, TUD Dresden University of Technology, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Kornelius Nielsch
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, Helmholtzstrasse 20, D-01069 Dresden, Germany; (J.W.); (K.N.)
- Institute for Applied Physics, TUD Dresden University of Technology, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Ruben Hühne
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, Helmholtzstrasse 20, D-01069 Dresden, Germany; (J.W.); (K.N.)
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21
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Kudrin AV, Lesnikov VP, Kriukov RN, Danilov YA, Dorokhin MV, Yakovleva AA, Tabachkova NY, Sobolev NA. Multilayer Epitaxial Heterostructures with Multi-Component III-V:Fe Magnetic Semiconductors. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:2435. [PMID: 37686943 PMCID: PMC10490102 DOI: 10.3390/nano13172435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Three-layer structures based on various multi-component films of III-V semiconductors heavily doped with Fe were grown using the pulsed laser sputtering of InSb, GaSb, InAs, GaAs and Fe solid targets. The structures comprising these InAsSb:Fe, InGaSb:Fe and InSb:Fe layers with Fe concentrations up to 24 at. % and separated by GaAs spacers were deposited on (001) i-GaAs substrates at 200 °C. Transmission electron microscopy showed that the structures have a rather high crystalline quality and do not contain secondary-phase inclusions. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy investigations revealed a significant diffusion of Ga atoms from the GaAs regions into the InAsSb:Fe layers, which has led to the formation of an InGaAsSb:Fe compound with a Ga content up to 20 at. %. It has been found that the ferromagnetic properties of the InAsSb:Fe magnetic semiconductor improve with an increasing Sb:As ratio. It has been concluded that the indirect ferromagnetic exchange interaction between Fe atoms occurs predominantly via Sb atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey V. Kudrin
- Research Institute for Physics and Technology, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Gagarin av. 23/3, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (A.V.K.); (V.P.L.); (R.N.K.); (Y.A.D.); (M.V.D.); (A.A.Y.)
| | - Valeri P. Lesnikov
- Research Institute for Physics and Technology, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Gagarin av. 23/3, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (A.V.K.); (V.P.L.); (R.N.K.); (Y.A.D.); (M.V.D.); (A.A.Y.)
| | - Ruslan N. Kriukov
- Research Institute for Physics and Technology, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Gagarin av. 23/3, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (A.V.K.); (V.P.L.); (R.N.K.); (Y.A.D.); (M.V.D.); (A.A.Y.)
| | - Yuri A. Danilov
- Research Institute for Physics and Technology, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Gagarin av. 23/3, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (A.V.K.); (V.P.L.); (R.N.K.); (Y.A.D.); (M.V.D.); (A.A.Y.)
| | - Mikhail V. Dorokhin
- Research Institute for Physics and Technology, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Gagarin av. 23/3, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (A.V.K.); (V.P.L.); (R.N.K.); (Y.A.D.); (M.V.D.); (A.A.Y.)
| | - Anastasia A. Yakovleva
- Research Institute for Physics and Technology, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Gagarin av. 23/3, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (A.V.K.); (V.P.L.); (R.N.K.); (Y.A.D.); (M.V.D.); (A.A.Y.)
| | - Nataliya Yu. Tabachkova
- Department of Materials Science of Semiconductors and Dielectrics, National University of Science and Technology “MISiS”, 119049 Moscow, Russia;
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilov st., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikolai A. Sobolev
- Department of Physics and i3N, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Laboratory of Functional Low-Dimensional Structures, National University of Science and Technology “MISiS”, 119049 Moscow, Russia
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22
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Kim Y, Gil B, Kim J, Lee Y, Kim D, Hahn S, Noh TW, Kim M, Kim C. Growth and Electronic Structure of Copper Oxide Monolayer Epitaxial Films. Nano Lett 2023; 23:7273-7278. [PMID: 37552567 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c00994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Copper-based high-temperature superconductors share a common feature in their crystal structure, which is the presence of a CuO2 plane, where superconductivity takes place. Therefore, important questions arise as to whether superconductivity can exist in a single layer of the CuO2 plane and, if so, how such superconductivity in a single CuO2 plane differs from that in a bulk cuprate system. To answer these questions, studies of the superconductivity in cuprate monolayers are necessary. In this study, we constructed a heterostructure system with a La2-xSrxCuO4 (LSCO) monolayer containing a single CuO2 plane and measured the resulting electronic structures. Monolayer LSCO has metallic and bulk-like electronic structures. The hole doping ratio of the monolayer LSCO is found to depend on the underlying buffer layer due to the interface effect. Our work will provide a platform for research into ideal two-dimensional cuprate systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngdo Kim
- Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Byeongjun Gil
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jinkwon Kim
- Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Yeonjae Lee
- Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Donghan Kim
- Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Sungsoo Hahn
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Research Institute of Basic Sciences (RIBS), Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Tae Won Noh
- Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Miyoung Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Changyoung Kim
- Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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23
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Yang G, El Loubani M, Chalaki HR, Kim J, Keum JK, Rouleau CM, Lee D. Tuning Ionic Conductivity in Fluorite Gd-Doped CeO 2-Bixbyite RE 2O 3 (RE = Y and Sm) Multilayer Thin Films by Controlling Interfacial Strain. ACS Appl Electron Mater 2023; 5:4556-4563. [PMID: 37637973 PMCID: PMC10449009 DOI: 10.1021/acsaelm.3c00724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Interfacial strain in heteroepitaxial oxide thin films is a powerful tool for discovering properties and recognizing the potential of materials performance. Particularly, facilitating ion conduction by interfacial strain in oxide multilayer thin films has always been seen to be a highly promising route to this goal. However, the effect of interfacial strain on ion transport properties is still controversial due to the difficulty in deconvoluting the strain contribution from other interfacial phenomena, such as space charge effects. Here, we show that interfacial strain can effectively tune the ionic conductivity by successfully growing multilayer thin films composed of an ionic conductor Gd-doped CeO2 (GDC) and an insulator RE2O3 (RE = Y and Sm). In contrast to compressively strained GDC-Y2O3 multilayer films, tensile strained GDC-Sm2O3 multilayer films demonstrate the enhanced ionic conductivity of GDC, which is attributed to the increased concentration of oxygen vacancies. In addition, we demonstrate that increasing the number of interfaces has no impact on the further enhancement of the ionic conductivity in GDC-Sm2O3 multilayer films. Our findings demonstrate the unambiguous role of interfacial strain on ion conduction of oxides and provide insights into the rational design of fast ion conductors through interface engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gene Yang
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, University of
South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Mohammad El Loubani
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, University of
South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Habib Rostaghi Chalaki
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, University of
South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Jiwon Kim
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, University of
South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Jong K. Keum
- Center
for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge
National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Christopher M. Rouleau
- Center
for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge
National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Dongkyu Lee
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, University of
South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
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24
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Zou P, Lv D, Zhang H, Li Z. Preparation and Laser-Induced Thermoelectric Voltage Effect of Bi 2Sr 2Co 2O y Thin Films Grown on Al 2O 3 (0001) Substrate. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:5165. [PMID: 37512439 PMCID: PMC10385769 DOI: 10.3390/ma16145165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Bi2Sr2Co2Oy thin films were grown on 10° vicinal-cut Al2O3 (0001) single crystalline substrates by pulsed laser-deposition techniques with in situ annealing, post-annealing and non-annealing process, respectively. The pure phase Bi2Sr2Co2Oy thin film was obtained with a non-annealing process. The result of X-ray diffraction showed that Bi2Sr2Co2Oy thin film was obviously c-axis preferred orientation. The laser-induced thermoelectric voltage signals were detected in Bi2Sr2Co2Oy thin films, which originated from the anisotropy of the Seebeck coefficient. The maximum peak value of laser-induced thermoelectric voltage was strong and could reach as large as 0.44 V and the response time was 1.07 μs when the deposition time was 6 min. Furthermore, the peak voltage enhanced linearly with the single-pulse laser energy. These characteristics demonstrate that Bi2Sr2Co2Oy thin film is also an excellent choice for laser energy/power detectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Dan Lv
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
| | - Zhidong Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
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25
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Yao Q, Berenov AV, Bower R, Zou B, Xiao X, Alford NM, Oulton RFM, Petrov PK. Crystalline AuNP-Decorated Strontium Niobate Thin Films: Strain-Controlled AuNP Morphologies and Optical Properties for Plasmonic Applications. ACS Appl Nano Mater 2023; 6:11115-11123. [PMID: 37469504 PMCID: PMC10352961 DOI: 10.1021/acsanm.3c00934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticle (AuNP) decoration is a commonly used method to enhance the optical responses in many applications such as photocatalysis, biosensing, solar cells, etc. The morphology and structure of AuNPs are essential factors determining the functionality of the sample. However, tailoring the growth mechanism of AuNPs on an identical surface is not straightforward. In this study, AuNPs were deposited on the surface of a perovskite thin film, strontium niobate (SNO), using pulsed laser deposition (PLD). AuNPs exhibited a dramatic variation in their growth mechanisms, depending on whether they were deposited on SNO thin films grown on magnesium oxide (SNO/MgO) or strontium titanate (SNO/STO) substrates. On SNO/MgO, the Au aggregates form large NPs with an average size of up to 3500 nm2. These AuNPs are triangular with sharp edges and corners. The out-of-plane direction of growth is favored, and the surface coverage ratio by AuNPs is low. When deposited on SNO/STO, the average size of AuNPs is much smaller, i.e., ∼250 nm2. This reduction in the average size is accompanied by an increase in the number density of NPs. AuNPs on SNO/STO have a round shape and high coverage ratio. Such an impact from the substrate selection on the AuNP structure is significant when the sandwiched SNO film is below 80 nm thickness and is weakened for 200 nm of SNO films. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to characterize all samples. Strain analysis was used to explain the growth mechanism of AuNPs. The average height of AuNPs was measured by using atomic force microscopy (AFM). Ellipsometry in the visible-near-infrared (vis-NIR) region was used to characterize the optical response of all samples. AuNP-decorated SNO/MgO and SNO/STO thin films exhibit different optical properties, with only gold-decorated SNO/MgO samples showing a size-dependent epsilon-near-zero behavior of nanoparticles. These results provide an additional route to control the structure of AuNPs. They can be used for various plasmonic applications like the design and development of strain-engineered gold-nanoparticle-decorated devices for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) and photocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaomu Yao
- Department
of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Andrey V. Berenov
- Department
of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Ryan Bower
- Department
of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Bin Zou
- Department
of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Xiaofei Xiao
- Department
of Physics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Neil M. Alford
- Department
of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Rupert F. M. Oulton
- Department
of Physics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Peter K. Petrov
- Department
of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
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26
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Zanoni KPS, Pérez-Del-Rey D, Dreessen C, Rodkey N, Sessolo M, Soltanpoor W, Morales-Masis M, Bolink HJ. Tin(IV) Oxide Electron Transport Layer via Industrial-Scale Pulsed Laser Deposition for Planar Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023. [PMID: 37368062 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c04387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Electron transport layers (ETL) based on tin(IV) oxide (SnO2) are recurrently employed in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) by many deposition techniques. Pulsed laser deposition (PLD) offers a few advantages for the fabrication of such layers, such as being compatible with large scale, patternable, and allowing deposition at fast rates. However, a precise understanding of how the deposition parameters can affect the SnO2 film, and as a consequence the solar cell performance, is needed. Herein, we use a PLD tool equipped with a droplet trap to minimize the number of excess particles (originated from debris) reaching the substrate, and we show how to control the PLD chamber pressure to obtain surfaces with very low roughness and how the concentration of oxygen in the background gas can affect the number of oxygen vacancies in the film. Using optimized deposition conditions, we obtained solar cells in the n-i-p configuration employing methylammonium lead iodide perovskite as the absorber layer with power conversion efficiencies exceeding 18% and identical performance to devices having the more typical atomic layer deposited SnO2 ETL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kassio P S Zanoni
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, C/Catedrático J. Beltrán 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Daniel Pérez-Del-Rey
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, C/Catedrático J. Beltrán 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Chris Dreessen
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, C/Catedrático J. Beltrán 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Nathan Rodkey
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, C/Catedrático J. Beltrán 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Michele Sessolo
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, C/Catedrático J. Beltrán 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Wiria Soltanpoor
- MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, Enschede 7500 AE, The Netherlands
| | - Monica Morales-Masis
- MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, Enschede 7500 AE, The Netherlands
| | - Henk J Bolink
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, C/Catedrático J. Beltrán 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain
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27
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Siebenhofer M, Riedl C, Nenning A, Raznjevic S, Fellner F, Artner W, Zhang Z, Rameshan C, Fleig J, Kubicek M. Crystal-Orientation-Dependent Oxygen Exchange Kinetics on Mixed Conducting Thin-Film Surfaces Investigated by In Situ Studies. ACS Appl Energy Mater 2023; 6:6712-6720. [PMID: 37388294 PMCID: PMC10301866 DOI: 10.1021/acsaem.3c00870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
The oxygen exchange kinetics and the surface chemistry of epitaxially grown, dense La0.6Sr0.4CoO3-δ (LSC) thin films in three different orientations, (001), (110), and (111), were investigated by means of in situ impedance spectroscopy during pulsed laser deposition (i-PLD) and near-ambient-pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (NAP-XPS). i-PLD measurements showed that pristine LSC surfaces exhibit very fast surface exchange kinetics but revealed no significant differences between the specific orientations. However, as soon as the surfaces were in contact with acidic, gaseous impurities, such as S-containing compounds in nominally pure measurement atmospheres, NAP-XPS measurements revealed that the (001) orientation is substantially more susceptible to the formation of sulfate adsorbates and a concomitant performance decrease. This result is further substantiated by a stronger increase of the work function on (001)-oriented LSC surfaces upon sulfate adsorbate formation and by a faster performance degradation of these surfaces in ex situ measurement setups. This phenomenon has potentially gone unnoticed in the discussion of the interplay between the crystal orientation and the oxygen exchange kinetics and might have far-reaching implications for real solid oxide cell electrodes, where porous materials exhibit a wide variety of differently oriented and reconstructed surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthäus Siebenhofer
- Institute
of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna 1060, Austria
- Centre
for Electrochemistry and Surface Technology (CEST), Wiener Neustadt 2700, Austria
| | - Christoph Riedl
- Institute
of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna 1060, Austria
| | - Andreas Nenning
- Institute
of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna 1060, Austria
| | - Sergej Raznjevic
- Erich
Schmid Institute of Materials Science, Austrian
Academy of Sciences, Leoben 8700, Austria
| | - Felix Fellner
- Institute
of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna 1060, Austria
| | - Werner Artner
- X-Ray
Center, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna 1060, Austria
| | - Zaoli Zhang
- Erich
Schmid Institute of Materials Science, Austrian
Academy of Sciences, Leoben 8700, Austria
| | - Christoph Rameshan
- Chair
of Physical Chemistry, Montanuniversität
Leoben, Leoben 8700, Austria
| | - Jürgen Fleig
- Institute
of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna 1060, Austria
| | - Markus Kubicek
- Institute
of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna 1060, Austria
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28
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Cutroneo M, Silipigni L, Mackova A, Malinsky P, Miksova R, Holy V, Maly J, Stofik M, Aubrecht P, Fajstavr D, Slepicka P, Torrisi L. Mask-Assisted Deposition of Ti on Cyclic Olefin Copolymer Foil by Pulsed Laser Deposition. Micromachines (Basel) 2023; 14:1298. [PMID: 37512610 PMCID: PMC10383725 DOI: 10.3390/mi14071298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Cyclic olefin copolymer (COC) is a novel type of thermoplastic polymer gaining the attention of the scientific community in electronic, optoelectronic, biomedicine and packaging applications. Despite the benefits in the use of COC such as undoubted optical transparency, chemical stability, a good water-vapor barrier and biocompatibility, its original hydrophobicity restricts its wider applicability and optimization of its performances. Presently, we report on the optical and morphological properties of the films of COC covered with Ti in selected areas. The layer of Ti on COC was deposited by pulsed lased deposition processing. The Ti/COC film was characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy indicating that its transmittance in the visible region decreased by about 20% with respect to the pristine polymer. The quality of the deposited Ti was assessed with the morphology by scanning electron (SEM) and atomic force microscopies (AFM). The modification of the wettability was observed by the sessile drop method indicating a reduction of the native hydrophilicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariapompea Cutroneo
- Nuclear Physics Institute of CAS, v.v.i., Husinec-Řež 130, 250 68 Řež, Czech Republic
| | - Letteria Silipigni
- Department MIFT, Messina University, V. le F.S. d'Alcontres 31, S. Agata, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Anna Mackova
- Nuclear Physics Institute of CAS, v.v.i., Husinec-Řež 130, 250 68 Řež, Czech Republic
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, J. E. Purkinje University, Pasteurova 3544/1, 400 96 Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Malinsky
- Nuclear Physics Institute of CAS, v.v.i., Husinec-Řež 130, 250 68 Řež, Czech Republic
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, J. E. Purkinje University, Pasteurova 3544/1, 400 96 Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic
| | - Romana Miksova
- Nuclear Physics Institute of CAS, v.v.i., Husinec-Řež 130, 250 68 Řež, Czech Republic
| | - Vaclav Holy
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 5, 121 16 Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Maly
- Centre of Nanomaterials and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem, 400 96 Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic
| | - Marcel Stofik
- Centre of Nanomaterials and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem, 400 96 Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Aubrecht
- Centre of Nanomaterials and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem, 400 96 Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic
| | - Dominik Fajstavr
- Department of Solid State Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Slepicka
- Department of Solid State Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lorenzo Torrisi
- Department MIFT, Messina University, V. le F.S. d'Alcontres 31, S. Agata, 98166 Messina, Italy
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29
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Krawczyk PA, Salamon W, Marzec M, Szuwarzyński M, Pawlak J, Kanak J, Dziubaniuk M, Kubiak WW, Żywczak A. High-Entropy Perovskite Thin Film in the Gd-Nd-Sm-La-Y-Co System: Deposition, Structure and Optoelectronic Properties. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:4210. [PMID: 37374394 DOI: 10.3390/ma16124210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Multicomponent equimolar perovskite oxides (ME-POs) have recently emerged as a highly promising class of materials with unique synergistic effects, making them well-suited for applications in such areas as photovoltaics and micro- and nanoelectronics. High-entropy perovskite oxide thin film in the (Gd0.2Nd0.2La0.2Sm0.2Y0.2)CoO3 (RECO, where RE = Gd0.2Nd0.2La0.2Sm0.2Y0.2, C = Co, and O = O3) system was synthesized via pulsed laser deposition. The crystalline growth in an amorphous fused quartz substrate and single-phase composition of the synthesized film was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Surface conductivity and activation energy were determined using a novel technique implementing atomic force microscopy (AFM) in combination with current mapping. The optoelectronic properties of the deposited RECO thin film were characterized using UV/VIS spectroscopy. The energy gap and nature of optical transitions were calculated using the Inverse Logarithmic Derivative (ILD) and four-point resistance method, suggesting direct allowed transitions with altered dispersions. The narrow energy gap of RECO, along with its relatively high absorption properties in the visible spectrum, positions it as a promising candidate for further exploration in the domains of low-energy infrared optics and electrocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawel A Krawczyk
- Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Wojciech Salamon
- Academic Centre for Materials and Nanotechnology, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Mateusz Marzec
- Academic Centre for Materials and Nanotechnology, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Michał Szuwarzyński
- Academic Centre for Materials and Nanotechnology, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Jakub Pawlak
- Academic Centre for Materials and Nanotechnology, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Jarosław Kanak
- Institute of Electronics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Dziubaniuk
- Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Władyslaw W Kubiak
- Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Antoni Żywczak
- Academic Centre for Materials and Nanotechnology, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
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30
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Schultz T, Kneiß M, Storm P, Splith D, von Wenckstern H, Koch CT, Hammud A, Grundmann M, Koch N. Growth of κ-([Al,In] xGa 1-x) 2O 3 Quantum Wells and Their Potential for Quantum-Well Infrared Photodetectors. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023. [PMID: 37278556 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c02695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The wide band gap semiconductor κ-Ga2O3 and its aluminum and indium alloys have been proposed as promising materials for many applications. One of them is the use of inter-sub-band transitions in quantum-well (QW) systems for infrared detectors. Our simulations show that the detection wavelength range of nowadays state of the art GaAs/AlxGa1-xAs quantum-well infrared photodetectors (QWIPs) could be substantially excelled with about 1-100 μm using κ-([Al,In]xGa1-x)2O3, while at the same time being transparent to visible light and therefore insensitive to photon noise due to its wide band gap, demonstrating the application potential of this material system. Our simulations further show that the QWIPs efficiency critically depends on the QW thickness, making a precise control over the thickness during growth and a reliable thickness determination essential. We demonstrate that pulsed laser deposition yields the needed accuracy, by analyzing a series of (InxGa1-x)2O3 QWs with (AlyGa1-y)2O3 barriers with high-resolution X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) depth profiling, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). While the superlattice fringes of high-resolution X-ray diffraction only yield an average combined thickness of the QWs and the barrier and X-ray spectroscopy depth profiling requires elaborated modeling of the XPS signal to accurately determine the thickness of such QWs, TEM is the method of choice when it comes to the determination of QW thicknesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thorsten Schultz
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Berlin 14109, Germany
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institut für Physik & IRIS Adlershof, Berlin 12489, Germany
| | - Max Kneiß
- Universität Leipzig, Felix-Bloch-Institut für Festkörperphysik, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Philipp Storm
- Universität Leipzig, Felix-Bloch-Institut für Festkörperphysik, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Daniel Splith
- Universität Leipzig, Felix-Bloch-Institut für Festkörperphysik, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Holger von Wenckstern
- Universität Leipzig, Felix-Bloch-Institut für Festkörperphysik, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Christoph T Koch
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institut für Physik & IRIS Adlershof, Berlin 12489, Germany
| | - Adnan Hammud
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max-Planck Society, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Marius Grundmann
- Universität Leipzig, Felix-Bloch-Institut für Festkörperphysik, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Norbert Koch
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Berlin 14109, Germany
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institut für Physik & IRIS Adlershof, Berlin 12489, Germany
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31
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Wang H, Wang Y, Lin Y, Huang X, García-Tecedor M, de la Peña O'Shea VA, Murrill C, Lazarov VK, Oropeza FE, Zhang KHL. Impact of NiCo 2O 4/SrTiO 3 p-n Heterojunctions on the Interface of Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023. [PMID: 37253189 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c02783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Forming semiconductor heterojunctions is a promising strategy to boost the efficiency of solar-driven photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting by accelerating the separation and transport of photogenerated charge carriers via an interfacial electric field. However, there is limited research considering the influence of electrolytes on the band alignment of the heterojunction under PEC conditions. In this work, we use a single crystal NiCo2O4/SrTiO3 (NCO/STO) heterojunction with atomic-precision controlled thickness as a model photoelectrode to study the band structure modulations upon getting in contact with the electrolyte and the correlation with the PEC activity. It is found that the band alignment can be tuned by the control of p-n heterojunction film thickness and regulated by the water redox potential (Eredox). When the Fermi level (EF) of the heterojunction is higher/lower than the Eredox, the band bending at the NCO/STO-electrolyte interface will increase/decrease after contacting with the electrolyte. However, when the band bending width of the NCO layer is thinner than its thickness, the electrolyte will not influence the band alignment at the NCO/STO interface. In addition, PEC characterization results show that the 1 nm NCO/STO heterojunction photoanode exhibits superior water-splitting performance, owing to the optimum band structure of the p-n heterojunction and the shorter charge transfer distance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
| | - Yumei Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
| | - Xiaochun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
| | - Miguel García-Tecedor
- Photoactivated Processes Unit, IMDEA Energy Institute, Avda. Ramón de la Sagra 3, 28935 Móstoles Madrid, Spain
| | - Víctor A de la Peña O'Shea
- Photoactivated Processes Unit, IMDEA Energy Institute, Avda. Ramón de la Sagra 3, 28935 Móstoles Madrid, Spain
| | - Connor Murrill
- Physics, Engineering and Technology School, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K
| | - Vlado K Lazarov
- Physics, Engineering and Technology School, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K
- The York JEOL Nanocentre, York Science Park, Heslington, YO10 5BR York, U.K
| | - Freddy E Oropeza
- Photoactivated Processes Unit, IMDEA Energy Institute, Avda. Ramón de la Sagra 3, 28935 Móstoles Madrid, Spain
| | - Kelvin H L Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
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32
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Riedl C, Siebenhofer M, Nenning A, Wilson GE, Kilner J, Rameshan C, Limbeck A, Opitz AK, Kubicek M, Fleig J. Surface Decorations on Mixed Ionic and Electronic Conductors: Effects on Surface Potential, Defects, and the Oxygen Exchange Kinetics. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023. [PMID: 37212575 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c03952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The oxygen exchange kinetics of epitaxial Pr0.1Ce0.9O2-δ electrodes was modified by decoration with submonolayer amounts of different basic (SrO, CaO) and acidic (SnO2, TiO2) binary oxides. The oxygen exchange reaction (OER) rate and the total conductivity were measured by in situ PLD impedance spectroscopy (i-PLD), which allows to directly track changes of electrochemical properties after each deposited pulse of surface decoration. The surface chemistry of the electrodes was investigated by near-ambient pressure XPS measurements (NAP-XPS) at elevated temperatures and by low-energy ion scattering (LEIS). While a significant alteration of the OER rate was observed after decoration with binary oxides, the pO2 dependence of the surface exchange resistance and its activation energy were not affected, suggesting that surface decorations do not alter the fundamental OER mechanism. Furthermore, the total conductivity of the thin films does not change upon decoration, indicating that defect concentration changes are limited to the surface layer. This is confirmed by NAP-XPS measurements which find only minor changes of the Pr-oxidation state upon decoration. NAP-XPS was further employed to investigate changes of the surface potential step on decorated surfaces. From a mechanistic point of view, our results indicate a correlation between the surface potential and the altered oxygen exchange activity. Oxidic decorations induce a surface charge which depends on their acidity (acidic oxides lead to a negative surface charge), affecting surface defect concentrations, any existing surface potential step, potentially adsorption dynamics, and consequently also the OER kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Riedl
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, TU Wien, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Matthäus Siebenhofer
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, TU Wien, 1060 Vienna, Austria
- Centre for Electrochemistry and Surface Technology, CEST, 2700 Wr. Neustadt, Austria
| | - Andreas Nenning
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, TU Wien, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - George E Wilson
- Department of Materials, Imperial College, London SW7 2BX, United Kingdom
| | - John Kilner
- Department of Materials, Imperial College, London SW7 2BX, United Kingdom
| | - Christoph Rameshan
- Chair of Physical Chemistry, Montanuniversität Leoben, 8700 Leoben, Austria
| | - Andreas Limbeck
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, TU Wien, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander K Opitz
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, TU Wien, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Kubicek
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, TU Wien, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Juergen Fleig
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, TU Wien, 1060 Vienna, Austria
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33
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Kadri L, Abderrahmane A, Bulai G, Carlescu A, Doroftei C, Motrescu I, Gurlui S, Leontie L, Adnane M. Optical and Structural Analysis of TiO 2-SiO 2 Nanocomposite Thin Films Fabricated via Pulsed Laser Deposition Technique. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:nano13101632. [PMID: 37242048 DOI: 10.3390/nano13101632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
TiO2-SiO2 nanocomposite thin films have gained the attention of the scientific community due to their unique physical and chemical properties. In this paper, we report on the fabrication and characterization of a TiO2-SiO2 nanocomposite disk-shaped target. The target was used for the deposition of TiO2-SiO2 nanocomposite thin films on fluorine-doped tin oxide/glass substrates using the pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique. The thicknesses of the thin films were fixed to 100 nm, and the deposition temperature ranged from room temperature to 300 °C. As revealed by the microstructural and morphological characterizations revealed, the TiO2-SiO2 nanocomposite thin films are amorphous and display homogeneous distribution. The determined values of the indirect optical band gap range from 2.92 to 3.07 eV, while those of the direct optical band gap lie between 3.50 and 3.55 eV. Additionally, as the deposition temperature decreases, the light transmission increases in the visible and in the ultraviolet ranges, which is suitable for flexible perovskite solar cells. This research can uncover new insights into the fabrication of amorphous TiO2-SiO2-based nanostructured thin films using the PLD technique for perovskite solar cell technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laid Kadri
- Department of Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University Ahmed Draia of Adrar, Adrar 01000, Algeria
| | - Abdelkader Abderrahmane
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Chosun University, 375, Seosuk-dong, Dong-gu, Gwangju 501-759, Republic of Korea
- Laboratoire de Structure, Elaboration et Application des Matériaux Moléculaires (SEA2M), Université de Mostaganem Abdelhamid Ibn Badis, B.P. 227, Mostaganem 27000, Algeria
| | - Georgiana Bulai
- Integrated Center for Studies in Environmental Science for The North-East Region (CERNESIM), Department of Exact Sciences, Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iași, 700506 Iași, Romania
| | - Aurelian Carlescu
- Integrated Center for Studies in Environmental Science for The North-East Region (CERNESIM), Department of Exact Sciences, Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iași, 700506 Iași, Romania
| | - Corneliu Doroftei
- Integrated Center for Studies in Environmental Science for The North-East Region (CERNESIM), Department of Exact Sciences, Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iași, 700506 Iași, Romania
| | - Iuliana Motrescu
- Department of Exact Sciences & Research Institute for Agriculture and Environment, Iasi University of Life Sciences, 3 Sadoveanu Alley, 700490 Iasi, Romania
| | - Silviu Gurlui
- Faculty of Physics, LOA-SL, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Bulevardul Carol I, Nr. 11, 700506 Iasi, Romania
| | - Liviu Leontie
- Faculty of Physics, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Bulevardul Carol I, Nr. 11, 700506 Iasi, Romania
| | - Mohamed Adnane
- Laboratoire de Microscopie Electronique et Sciences des Matériaux (LMESM), Département de Technologie des Matériaux, Faculté de Physique, Université des Sciences et de la Technologie d'Oran Mohamed Boudiaf (USTO-MB), El M'naouar BP 1505 Bir El Djir, Oran 31000, Algeria
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34
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Zhang H, Ahmadi M, Ginanjar WW, Blake GR, Kooi BJ. Effects of Intermixing in Sb 2Te 3/Ge 1+xTe Multilayers on the Thermoelectric Power Factor. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:22672-22683. [PMID: 37122126 PMCID: PMC10176324 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c00869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Over the past few decades, telluride-based chalcogenide multilayers, such as PbSeTe/PbTe, Bi2Te3/Sb2Te3, and Bi2Te3/Bi2Se3, were shown to be promising high-performance thermoelectric films. However, the stability of performance in operating environments, in particular, influenced by intermixing of the sublayers, has been studied rarely. In the present work, the nanostructure, thermal stability, and thermoelectric power factor of Sb2Te3/Ge1+xTe multilayers prepared by pulsed laser deposition are investigated by transmission electron microscopy and Seebeck coefficient/electrical conductivity measurements performed during thermal cycling. Highly textured Sb2Te3 films show p-type semiconducting behavior with superior power factor, while Ge1+xTe films exhibit n-type semiconducting behavior. The elemental mappings indicate that the as-deposited multilayers have well-defined layered structures. Upon heating to 210 °C, these layer structures are unstable against intermixing of sublayers; nanostructural changes occur on initial heating, even though the highest temperature is close to the deposition temperature. Furthermore, the diffusion is more extensive at domain boundaries leading to locally inclined structures there. The Sb2Te3 sublayers gradually dissolve into Ge1+xTe. This dissolution depends markedly on the relative Ge1+xTe film thickness. Rather, full dissolution occurs rapidly at 210 °C when the Ge1+xTe sublayer is substantially thicker than that of Sb2Te3, whereas the dissolution is very limited when the Ge1+xTe sublayer is substantially thinner. The resulting variations of the nanostructure influence the Seebeck coefficient and electrical conductivity and thus the power factor in a systematic manner. Our results shed light on a previously unreported correlation of the power factor with the nanostructural evolution of unstable telluride multilayers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Zhang
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Majid Ahmadi
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wastu Wisesa Ginanjar
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Graeme R Blake
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Bart J Kooi
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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Tominov RV, Vakulov ZE, Avilov VI, Shikhovtsov IA, Varganov VI, Kazantsev VB, Gupta LR, Prakash C, Smirnov VA. Approaches for Memristive Structures Using Scratching Probe Nanolithography: Towards Neuromorphic Applications. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:nano13101583. [PMID: 37242000 DOI: 10.3390/nano13101583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
This paper proposes two different approaches to studying resistive switching of oxide thin films using scratching probe nanolithography of atomic force microscopy (AFM). These approaches allow us to assess the effects of memristor size and top-contact thickness on resistive switching. For that purpose, we investigated scratching probe nanolithography regimes using the Taguchi method, which is known as a reliable method for improving the reliability of the result. The AFM parameters, including normal load, scratch distance, probe speed, and probe direction, are optimized on the photoresist thin film by the Taguchi method. As a result, the pinholes with diameter ranged from 25.4 ± 2.2 nm to 85.1 ± 6.3 nm, and the groove array with a depth of 40.5 ± 3.7 nm and a roughness at the bottom of less than a few nanometers was formed. Then, based on the Si/TiN/ZnO/photoresist structures, we fabricated and investigated memristors with different spot sizes and TiN top contact thickness. As a result, the HRS/LRS ratio, USET, and ILRS are well controlled for a memristor size from 27 nm to 83 nm and ranged from ~8 to ~128, from 1.4 ± 0.1 V to 1.8 ± 0.2 V, and from (1.7 ± 0.2) × 10-10 A to (4.2 ± 0.6) × 10-9 A, respectively. Furthermore, the HRS/LRS ratio and USET are well controlled at a TiN top contact thickness from 8.3 ± 1.1 nm to 32.4 ± 4.2 nm and ranged from ~22 to ~188 and from 1.15 ± 0.05 V to 1.62 ± 0.06 V, respectively. The results can be used in the engineering and manufacturing of memristive structures for neuromorphic applications of brain-inspired artificial intelligence systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman V Tominov
- Research Laboratory Neuroelectronics and Memristive Nanomaterials (NEUROMENA Lab), Institute of Nanotechnologies, Electronics and Electronic Equipment Engineering, Southern Federal University, Taganrog 347922, Russia
- Department of Radioelectronics and Nanoelectronics, Institute of Nanotechnologies, Electronics and Electronic Equipment Engineering, Southern Federal University, Taganrog 347922, Russia
| | - Zakhar E Vakulov
- Research Laboratory Neuroelectronics and Memristive Nanomaterials (NEUROMENA Lab), Institute of Nanotechnologies, Electronics and Electronic Equipment Engineering, Southern Federal University, Taganrog 347922, Russia
| | - Vadim I Avilov
- Research Laboratory Neuroelectronics and Memristive Nanomaterials (NEUROMENA Lab), Institute of Nanotechnologies, Electronics and Electronic Equipment Engineering, Southern Federal University, Taganrog 347922, Russia
| | - Ivan A Shikhovtsov
- Research Laboratory Neuroelectronics and Memristive Nanomaterials (NEUROMENA Lab), Institute of Nanotechnologies, Electronics and Electronic Equipment Engineering, Southern Federal University, Taganrog 347922, Russia
| | - Vadim I Varganov
- Research Laboratory Neuroelectronics and Memristive Nanomaterials (NEUROMENA Lab), Institute of Nanotechnologies, Electronics and Electronic Equipment Engineering, Southern Federal University, Taganrog 347922, Russia
| | - Victor B Kazantsev
- Research Laboratory Neuroelectronics and Memristive Nanomaterials (NEUROMENA Lab), Institute of Nanotechnologies, Electronics and Electronic Equipment Engineering, Southern Federal University, Taganrog 347922, Russia
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia
| | - Lovi Raj Gupta
- Research Laboratory Neuroelectronics and Memristive Nanomaterials (NEUROMENA Lab), Institute of Nanotechnologies, Electronics and Electronic Equipment Engineering, Southern Federal University, Taganrog 347922, Russia
- Division of Research and Development, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Panjab, India
| | - Chander Prakash
- Research Laboratory Neuroelectronics and Memristive Nanomaterials (NEUROMENA Lab), Institute of Nanotechnologies, Electronics and Electronic Equipment Engineering, Southern Federal University, Taganrog 347922, Russia
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Panjab, India
| | - Vladimir A Smirnov
- Research Laboratory Neuroelectronics and Memristive Nanomaterials (NEUROMENA Lab), Institute of Nanotechnologies, Electronics and Electronic Equipment Engineering, Southern Federal University, Taganrog 347922, Russia
- Department of Radioelectronics and Nanoelectronics, Institute of Nanotechnologies, Electronics and Electronic Equipment Engineering, Southern Federal University, Taganrog 347922, Russia
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Zając MA, Budner B, Liszewska M, Bartosewicz B, Gutowski Ł, Weyher JL, Jankiewicz BJ. SERS performance of GaN/Ag substrates fabricated by Ag coating of GaN platforms. Beilstein J Nanotechnol 2023; 14:552-564. [PMID: 37179592 PMCID: PMC10167859 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.14.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The results of comparative studies on the fabrication and characterization of GaN/Ag substrates using pulsed laser deposition (PLD) and magnetron sputtering (MS) and their evaluation as potential substrates for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) are reported. Ag layers of comparable thicknesses were deposited using PLD and MS on nanostructured GaN platforms. All fabricated SERS substrates were examined regarding their optical properties using UV-vis spectroscopy and regarding their morphology using scanning electron microscopy. SERS properties of the fabricated GaN/Ag substrates were evaluated by measuring SERS spectra of 4-mercaptobenzoic acid molecules adsorbed on them. For all PLD-made GaN/Ag substrates, the estimated enhancement factors were higher than for MS-made substrates with a comparable thickness of the Ag layer. In the best case, the PLD-made GaN/Ag substrate exhibited an approximately 4.4 times higher enhancement factor than the best MS-made substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena A Zając
- Institute of High-Pressure Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sokołowska 29/37, 01-142 Warsaw, Poland
- Faculty of Advanced Technologies and Chemistry, Military University of Technology, gen. Sylwestra Kaliskiego 2, 00-908 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bogusław Budner
- Institute of Optoelectronics, Military University of Technology, gen. Sylwestra Kaliskiego 2, 00-908 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Malwina Liszewska
- Institute of Optoelectronics, Military University of Technology, gen. Sylwestra Kaliskiego 2, 00-908 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bartosz Bartosewicz
- Institute of Optoelectronics, Military University of Technology, gen. Sylwestra Kaliskiego 2, 00-908 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Łukasz Gutowski
- Institute of Optoelectronics, Military University of Technology, gen. Sylwestra Kaliskiego 2, 00-908 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jan L Weyher
- Institute of High-Pressure Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sokołowska 29/37, 01-142 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bartłomiej J Jankiewicz
- Institute of Optoelectronics, Military University of Technology, gen. Sylwestra Kaliskiego 2, 00-908 Warsaw, Poland
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Rath M, Mezhoud M, El Khaloufi O, Lebedev O, Cardin J, Labbé C, Gourbilleau F, Polewczyk V, Vinai G, Torelli P, Fouchet A, David A, Prellier W, Lüders U. Artificial Aging of Thin Films of the Indium-Free Transparent Conducting Oxide SrVO 3. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:20240-20251. [PMID: 37067020 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c02421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
SrVO3 (SVO) is a prospective candidate to replace the conventional indium tin oxide (ITO) among the new generation of transparent conducting oxide (TCO) materials. In this study, the structural, electrical, and optical properties of SVO thin films, both epitaxial and polycrystalline, are determined during and after heat treatments in the 150-250 °C range and under ambient environment in order to explore the chemical stability of this material. The use of these relatively low temperatures speeds up the natural aging of the films and allows following the evolution of their related properties. The combination of techniques rather sensitive to the film surface and of techniques sampling the film volume will emphasize the presence of a surface oxidation evolving in time at low annealing temperatures, whereas the perovskite phase is destroyed throughout the film for treatments above 200 °C. The present study is designed to understand the thermal degradation and long-term stability issues of vanadate-based TCOs and to identify technologically viable solutions for the application of this group as new TCOs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martando Rath
- Normandie Univ, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, CRISMAT, 6, boulevard du Maréchal Juin, F-14050 Caen, France
| | - Moussa Mezhoud
- Normandie Univ, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, CRISMAT, 6, boulevard du Maréchal Juin, F-14050 Caen, France
| | - Oualyd El Khaloufi
- Normandie Univ, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, CRISMAT, 6, boulevard du Maréchal Juin, F-14050 Caen, France
| | - Oleg Lebedev
- Normandie Univ, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, CRISMAT, 6, boulevard du Maréchal Juin, F-14050 Caen, France
| | - Julien Cardin
- CIMAP, CNRS, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, Normandie Univ, 6, boulevard du Maréchal Juin, F-14050 Caen, France
| | - Christophe Labbé
- CIMAP, CNRS, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, Normandie Univ, 6, boulevard du Maréchal Juin, F-14050 Caen, France
| | - Fabrice Gourbilleau
- CIMAP, CNRS, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, Normandie Univ, 6, boulevard du Maréchal Juin, F-14050 Caen, France
| | - Vincent Polewczyk
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali (IOM)-CNR, Laboratorio TASC, Area Science Park, S.S.14, km 163.5, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Giovanni Vinai
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali (IOM)-CNR, Laboratorio TASC, Area Science Park, S.S.14, km 163.5, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Piero Torelli
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali (IOM)-CNR, Laboratorio TASC, Area Science Park, S.S.14, km 163.5, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Arnaud Fouchet
- Normandie Univ, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, CRISMAT, 6, boulevard du Maréchal Juin, F-14050 Caen, France
| | - Adrian David
- Normandie Univ, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, CRISMAT, 6, boulevard du Maréchal Juin, F-14050 Caen, France
| | - Wilfrid Prellier
- Normandie Univ, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, CRISMAT, 6, boulevard du Maréchal Juin, F-14050 Caen, France
| | - Ulrike Lüders
- Normandie Univ, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, CRISMAT, 6, boulevard du Maréchal Juin, F-14050 Caen, France
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38
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Labis JP, Albrithen HA, Hezam M, Ali Shar M, Algarni A, Alhazaa AN, El-Toni AM, Alduraibi MA. Optimization of Pulsed Laser Ablation and Radio-Frequency Sputtering Tandem System for Synthesis of 2D/3D Al 2O 3-ZnO Nanostructures: A Hybrid Approach to Synthesis of Nanostructures for Gas Sensing Applications. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:1345. [PMID: 37110931 PMCID: PMC10146389 DOI: 10.3390/nano13081345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, a unique hybrid approach to design and synthesize 2D/3D Al2O3-ZnO nanostructures by simultaneous deposition is presented. Pulsed laser deposition (PLD) and RF magnetron sputtering (RFMS) methods are redeveloped into a single tandem system to create a mixed-species plasma to grow ZnO nanostructures for gas sensing applications. In this set-up, the parameters of PLD have been optimized and explored with RFMS parameters to design 2D/3D Al2O3-ZnO nanostructures, including nanoneedles/nanospikes, nanowalls, and nanorods, among others. The RF power of magnetron system with Al2O3 target is explored from 10 to 50 W, while the ZnO-loaded PLD's laser fluence and background gases are optimized to simultaneously grow ZnO and Al2O3-ZnO nanostructures. The nanostructures are either grown via 2-step template approach, or by direct growth on Si (111) and MgO<0001> substrates. In this approach, a thin ZnO template/film was initially grown on the substrate by PLD at ~300 °C under ~10 milliTorr (1.3 Pa) O2 background pressure, followed by growth of either ZnO or Al2O3-ZnO, using PLD and RFMS simultaneously under 0.1-0.5 Torr (13-67 Pa), and Ar or Ar/O2 background in the substrate temperate range of 550-700 °C. Growth mechanisms are then proposed to explain the formation of Al2O3-ZnO nanostructures. The optimized parameters from PLD-RFMS are then used to grow nanostructures on Au-patterned Al2O3-based gas sensor to test its response to CO gas from 200 to 400 °C, and a good response is observed at ~350 °C. The grown ZnO and Al2O3-ZnO nanostructures are quite exceptional and remarkable and have potential applications in optoelectronics, such in bio/gas sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joselito Puzon Labis
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamad A. Albrithen
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud Hezam
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Ali Shar
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Algarni
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz N. Alhazaa
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Mohamed El-Toni
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Litvinov A, Etrekova M, Podlepetsky B, Samotaev N, Oblov K, Afanasyev A, Ilyin V. MOSFE-Capacitor Silicon Carbide-Based Hydrogen Gas Sensors. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:3760. [PMID: 37050820 PMCID: PMC10098966 DOI: 10.3390/s23073760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The features of the wide band gap SiC semiconductor use in the capacitive MOSFE sensors' structure in terms of the hydrogen gas sensitivity effect, the response speed, and the measuring signals' optimal parameters are studied. Sensors in a high-temperature ceramic housing with the Me/Ta2O5/SiCn+/4H-SiC structures and two types of gas-sensitive electrodes were made: Palladium and Platinum. The effectiveness of using Platinum as an alternative to Palladium in the MOSFE-Capacitor (MOSFEC) gas sensors' high-temperature design is evaluated. It is shown that, compared with Silicon, the use of Silicon Carbide increases the response rate, while maintaining the sensors' high hydrogen sensitivity. The operating temperature and test signal frequency influence for measuring the sensor's capacitance on the sensitivity to H2 have been studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artur Litvinov
- Micro- and Nanoelectronics Department, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Kashirskoe Highway 31, 115409 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maya Etrekova
- Micro- and Nanoelectronics Department, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Kashirskoe Highway 31, 115409 Moscow, Russia
| | - Boris Podlepetsky
- Micro- and Nanoelectronics Department, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Kashirskoe Highway 31, 115409 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikolay Samotaev
- Micro- and Nanoelectronics Department, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Kashirskoe Highway 31, 115409 Moscow, Russia
| | - Konstantin Oblov
- Micro- and Nanoelectronics Department, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Kashirskoe Highway 31, 115409 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey Afanasyev
- Engineering Center of Microtechnology and Diagnostics, St. Petersburg Electrotechnical University (ETU «LETI»), Professora Popova str. 5, 197022 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Vladimir Ilyin
- Engineering Center of Microtechnology and Diagnostics, St. Petersburg Electrotechnical University (ETU «LETI»), Professora Popova str. 5, 197022 St. Petersburg, Russia
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Wang Y, Ye X, Shi M, Pan N, Xia P. Study of Phase Evolution Behavior of Ti6Al4V/Inconel 718 by Pulsed Laser Melting Deposition. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:2437. [PMID: 36984317 PMCID: PMC10053893 DOI: 10.3390/ma16062437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a pulsed laser was used as the heat source for the additive work. The Ti6Al4V/Inconel 718 alloy wire was deposited on the substrate by melting using a pulsed laser. Using the above method, single-layer and double-layer samples were printed. The sample material printed in this way is highly utilized. Compared to the complicated pre-preparation work of metal powder pre-mixing, this printing method is simple to prepare and only requires changing the wire feeding speed. The study of this paper provides a theoretical guide for the subsequent fusion deposition of heterogeneous wire materials. The samples were analyzed after molding using SEM, EDS and XRD to characterize the microstructure of the samples. The samples can be divided into three zones depending on the microstructure, the bottom columnar crystal zone, the middle mixed phase zone, and the bottom equiaxed crystal zone. From the bottom to the top of the sample, the phase microstructure changes as γ + Laves → α + β + Ti2Ni + TiNi + Ni3Ti → α + β. The hardness data show that the highest value in the transition zone is 951.4 HV. The hardness of the top part is second only to the transition zone due to a large number of equiaxed crystals. The bottom region is dominated by columnar crystals and is the softest of the three regions with the lowest hardness value of 701.4 HV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanhao Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China; (Y.W.)
| | - Xin Ye
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China; (Y.W.)
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Laser Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Mingli Shi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China; (Y.W.)
| | - Nanxu Pan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China; (Y.W.)
| | - Peng Xia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China; (Y.W.)
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Wu T, Hu J, Chen S, Zheng Z, Cathelinaud M, Ma H, Su Z, Fan P, Zhang X, Liang G. Energy Band Alignment by Solution-Processed Aluminum Doping Strategy toward Record Efficiency in Pulsed Laser-Deposited Kesterite Thin-Film Solar Cell. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023. [PMID: 36880785 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c22174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Kesterite-based Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin-film photovoltaics involve a serious interfacial dilemma, leading to severe recombination of carriers and insufficient band alignment at the CZTS/CdS heterojunction. Herein, an interface modification scheme by aluminum doping is introduced for CZTS/CdS via a spin coating method combined with heat treatment. The thermal annealing of the kesterite/CdS junction drives the migration of doped Al from CdS to the absorber, achieving an effective ion substitution and interface passivation. This condition greatly reduces interface recombination and improves device fill factor and current density. The JSC and FF of the champion device increased from 18.01 to 22.33 mA cm-2 and 60.24 to 64.06%, respectively, owing to the optimized band alignment and remarkably enhanced charge carrier generation, separation, and transport. Consequently, a photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE) of 8.65% was achieved, representing the highest efficiency in CZTS thin-film solar cells fabricated by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) to date. This work proposed a facile strategy for interfacial engineering treatment, opening a valuable avenue to overcome the efficiency bottleneck of CZTS thin-film solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Wu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Thin Films and Applications, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong, P. R. China
- CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) UMR 6226, Univ Rennes, Rennes F-35000, France
| | - Juguang Hu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Thin Films and Applications, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Shuo Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Thin Films and Applications, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Zhuanghao Zheng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Thin Films and Applications, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Michel Cathelinaud
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Thin Films and Applications, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Hongli Ma
- CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) UMR 6226, Univ Rennes, Rennes F-35000, France
| | - Zhenghua Su
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Thin Films and Applications, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Ping Fan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Thin Films and Applications, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Xianghua Zhang
- CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) UMR 6226, Univ Rennes, Rennes F-35000, France
| | - Guangxing Liang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Thin Films and Applications, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong, P. R. China
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Reyes-Verdugo LA, Gutiérrez-Lazos CD, Santos-Cruz J, Chávez-Chávez A, Quiñones-Galván JG. Bi 2Te 3 Thin Films Deposited by the Combination of Bi and Te Plasmas in a PLD Process. Micromachines (Basel) 2023; 14:590. [PMID: 36984996 PMCID: PMC10053450 DOI: 10.3390/mi14030590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Bismuth telluride thin films were grown by pulsed laser deposition by implementing a novel method that combines both Te and Bi plasmas resulting from the laser ablation of individual Bi and Te targets. Furthermore, the mean kinetic ion energy and density of the plasmas, as estimated by TOF curves obtained from Langmuir probe measurements, were used as control parameters for the deposition process. The obtained thin films exhibit a metallic mirror-like appearance and present good adhesion to the substrate. Morphology of the thin films was observed by SEM, yielding smooth surfaces where particulates were also observed (splashing). Chemical composition analysis obtained by EDS showed that apparently the films have a Te-rich composition (ratio of Te/Bi of 3); however, Te excess arises from the splashing as revealed by the structural characterization (XRD and Raman spectroscopy). The XRD pattern indicated that depositions have the rhombohedral (D3d5 (R3¯m)) structure of Bi2Te3. Likewise, Raman spectra exhibited the presence of signals that correspond to Eg2, A1u2 and A1g2(LO) vibrational modes of the same rhombohedral phase of Bi2Te3. Additionally, oxidation states, analyzed by XPS, resulted in signals associated to Bi3+ and Te2- that correspond to the Bi2Te3 compound. Finally, surface topology and thickness profiles were obtained from AFM measurements, confirming a combination of a smooth surface with particulates on top of it and a film thickness of 400 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A. Reyes-Verdugo
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Físico Matemáticas, Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Av. Universidad s/n. Ciudad Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza 66455, Mexico
| | - C. D. Gutiérrez-Lazos
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Físico Matemáticas, Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Av. Universidad s/n. Ciudad Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza 66455, Mexico
| | - J. Santos-Cruz
- Facultad de Química, Materiales-Energía, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Queretaro 76010, Mexico
| | - A. Chávez-Chávez
- Departamento de Física, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, Boulevard Marcelino García Barragán 1421, Guadalajara 44430, Mexico
| | - J. G. Quiñones-Galván
- Departamento de Física, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, Boulevard Marcelino García Barragán 1421, Guadalajara 44430, Mexico
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Harris SB, Lin YC, Puretzky AA, Liang L, Dyck O, Berlijn T, Eres G, Rouleau CM, Xiao K, Geohegan DB. Real-Time Diagnostics of 2D Crystal Transformations by Pulsed Laser Deposition: Controlled Synthesis of Janus WSSe Monolayers and Alloys. ACS Nano 2023; 17:2472-2486. [PMID: 36649648 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c09952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Energetic processing methods such as hyperthermal implantation hold special promise to achieve the precision synthesis of metastable two-dimensional (2D) materials such as Janus monolayers; however, they require precise control. Here, we report a feedback approach to reveal and control the transformation pathways in materials synthesis by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) and apply it to investigate the transformation kinetics of monolayer WS2 crystals into Janus WSSe and WSe2 by implantation of Se clusters with different maximum kinetic energies (<42 eV/Se-atom) generated by laser ablation of a Se target. Real-time Raman spectroscopy and photoluminescence are used to assess the structure, composition, and optoelectronic quality of the monolayer crystal as it is implanted with well-controlled fluxes of selenium for different kinetic energies that are regulated with in situ ICCD imaging, ion probe, and spectroscopy diagnostics. First-principles calculations, XPS, and atomic-resolution HAADF STEM imaging are used to understand the intermediate alloy compositions and their vibrational modes to identify transformation pathways. The real-time kinetics measurements reveal highly selective top-layer conversion as WS2 transforms through WS2(1-x)Se2x alloys to WSe2 and provide the means to adjust processing conditions to achieve fractional and complete Janus WSSe monolayers as metastable transition states. The general approach demonstrates a real-time feedback method to achieve Janus layers or other metastable alloys of the desired composition, and a general means to adjust the structure and quality of materials grown by PLD, addressing priority research directions for precision synthesis with real-time adaptive control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumner B Harris
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee37831, United States
| | - Yu-Chuan Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania16802, United States
| | - Alexander A Puretzky
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee37831, United States
| | - Liangbo Liang
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee37831, United States
| | - Ondrej Dyck
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee37831, United States
| | - Tom Berlijn
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee37831, United States
| | - Gyula Eres
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee37831, United States
| | - Christopher M Rouleau
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee37831, United States
| | - Kai Xiao
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee37831, United States
| | - David B Geohegan
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee37831, United States
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Liu J, Cao Y, Tang YL, Zhu YL, Wang Y, Liu N, Zou MJ, Shi TT, Liu F, Gong F, Feng YP, Ma XL. Room-Temperature Ferroelectricity of Paraelectric Oxides Tailored by Nano-Engineering. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:4226-4233. [PMID: 36633961 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c19944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Inducing clear ferroelectricity in the quantum paraelectric SrTiO3 is important for triggering methods to discover hidden phases in condensed matter physics. Several methods such as isotope substitution and freestanding membranes could introduce ferroelectricity in SrTiO3 toward nonvolatile memory applications. However, the stable transformation from quantum paraelectric SrTiO3 to ferroelectricity SrTiO3 at room temperature still remains challenging. Here, we used multiple nano-engineering in (SrTiO3)0.65/(CeO2)0.35 films to achieve an emergent room-temperature ferroelectricity. It is shown that the CeO2 nanocolumns impose large out-of-plane strains and induce Sr/O deficiency in the SrTiO3 matrix to form a clear tetragonal structure, which leads to an apparent room-temperature ferroelectric polarization up to 2.5 μC/cm2. In collaboration with density functional theory calculations, it is proposed that the compressive strains combined with elemental deficiency give rise to local redistribution of charge density and orbital order, which induce emergent tetragonality of the strained SrTiO3. Our work thus paves a pathway for architecting functional systems in perovskite oxides using a multiple nano-design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Liu
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science and Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenhua Road 72, Shenyang 110016, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Wenhua Road 72, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yi Cao
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science and Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenhua Road 72, Shenyang 110016, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Wenhua Road 72, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yun-Long Tang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science and Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenhua Road 72, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yin-Lian Zhu
- Bay Area Center for Electron Microscopy, Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Yujia Wang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science and Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenhua Road 72, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Nan Liu
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science and Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenhua Road 72, Shenyang 110016, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Wenhua Road 72, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Min-Jie Zou
- Bay Area Center for Electron Microscopy, Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, China
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Tong-Tong Shi
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science and Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenhua Road 72, Shenyang 110016, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Wenhua Road 72, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science and Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenhua Road 72, Shenyang 110016, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Wenhua Road 72, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Fenghui Gong
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science and Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenhua Road 72, Shenyang 110016, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Wenhua Road 72, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yan-Peng Feng
- Bay Area Center for Electron Microscopy, Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, China
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xiu-Liang Ma
- Bay Area Center for Electron Microscopy, Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, China
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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45
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Roy M, Sarkar K, Som J, Pfeifer MA, Craciun V, Schall JD, Aravamudhan S, Wise FW, Kumar D. Modulation of Structural, Electronic, and Optical Properties of Titanium Nitride Thin Films by Regulated In Situ Oxidation. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:4733-4742. [PMID: 36625508 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c18926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Epitaxial titanium nitride (TiN) and titanium oxynitride (TiON) thin films have been grown on sapphire substrates using a pulsed laser deposition (PLD) method in high-vacuum conditions (base pressure <3 × 10-6 T). This vacuum contains enough residual oxygen to allow a time-independent gas phase oxidation of the ablated species as well as a time-dependent regulated surface oxidation of TiN to TiON films. The time-dependent surface oxidation is controlled by means of film deposition time that, in turn, is controlled by changing the number of laser pulses impinging on the polycrystalline TiN target at a constant repetition rate. By changing the number of laser pulses from 150 to 5000, unoxidized (or negligibly oxidized) and oxidized TiN films have been obtained with the thickness in the range of four unit cells to 70 unit cells of TiN/TiON. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) investigations reveal higher oxygen content in TiON films prepared with a larger number of laser pulses. The oxidation of TiN films is achieved by precisely controlling the time of deposition, which affects the surface diffusion of oxygen to the TiN film lattice. The lattice constants of the TiON films obtained by x-ray diffraction (XRD) increase with the oxygen content in the film, as predicted by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The lattice constant increase is explained based on a larger electrostatic repulsive force due to unbalanced local charges in the vicinity of Ti vacancies and substitutional O. The bandgap of TiN and TiON films, measured using UV-visible spectroscopy, has an asymmetric V-shaped variation as a function of the number of pulses. The bandgap variation following the lower number of laser pulses (150-750) of the V-shaped curve is explained using the quantum confinement effect, while the bandgap variation following the higher number of laser pulses (1000-5000) is associated with the modification in the band structure due to hybridization of O2p and N2p energy levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manosi Roy
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, North Carolina A&T State University, 1601 E Market St, Greensboro, North Carolina27411, United States
| | - Kaushik Sarkar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, North Carolina A&T State University, 1601 E Market St, Greensboro, North Carolina27411, United States
| | - Jacob Som
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, North Carolina A&T State University, 1601 E Market St, Greensboro, North Carolina27411, United States
| | - Mark A Pfeifer
- Cornell Center for Materials Research, Cornell University, Clark Hall, 627, 142 Sciences Dr, Ithaca, New York14850, United States
| | - Valentin Craciun
- National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, Strada Atomiştilor 409, Bucharest, Magurele077125, Romania
| | - J David Schall
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, North Carolina A&T State University, 1601 E Market St, Greensboro, North Carolina27411, United States
| | - Shyam Aravamudhan
- Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, North Carolina27401, United States
| | - Frank W Wise
- Cornell Center for Materials Research, Cornell University, Clark Hall, 627, 142 Sciences Dr, Ithaca, New York14850, United States
| | - Dhananjay Kumar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, North Carolina A&T State University, 1601 E Market St, Greensboro, North Carolina27411, United States
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46
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Li R, Jiang X, Zhou C, Topsakal M, Nykypanchuk D, Attenkofer K, Stacchiola DJ, Hybertsen MS, Stavitski E, Qu X, Lu D, Liu M. Deciphering phase evolution in complex metal oxide thin films via high-throughput materials synthesis and characterization. Nanotechnology 2023; 34:125701. [PMID: 36538812 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/acad09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Discovery of structure-property relationships in thin film alloys of complex metal oxides enabled by high-throughput materials synthesis and characterization facilities is demonstrated here with a case-study. Thin films of binary transition metal oxides (Ti-Zn) are prepared by pulsed laser deposition with continuously varying Ti:Zn ratio, creating combinatorial samples for exploration of the properties of this material family. The atomic structure and electronic properties are probed by spatially resolved techniques including x-ray absorption near edge structures (XANES) and x-ray fluorescence (XRF) at the Ti and Zn K-edge, x-ray diffraction, and spectroscopic ellipsometry. The observed properties as a function of Ti:Zn ratio are resolved into mixtures of five distinguishable phases by deploying multivariate curve resolution analysis on the XANES spectral series, under constraints set by results from the other characterization techniques. First-principles computations based on density function theory connect the observed properties of each distinct phase with structural and spectral characteristics of crystalline polymorphs of Ti-Zn oxide. Continuous tuning of the optical absorption edge as a function of Ti:Zn ratio, including the unusual observation of negative optical bowing, exemplifies a functional property of the film correlated to the phase evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoshui Li
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, United States of America
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, United States of America
| | - Xuance Jiang
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, United States of America
- Department of Physics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, United States of America
| | - Chenyu Zhou
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, United States of America
| | - Mehmet Topsakal
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, United States of America
| | - Dmytro Nykypanchuk
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, United States of America
| | - Klaus Attenkofer
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, United States of America
| | - Dario J Stacchiola
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, United States of America
| | - Mark S Hybertsen
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, United States of America
| | - Eli Stavitski
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, United States of America
| | - Xiaohui Qu
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, United States of America
| | - Deyu Lu
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, United States of America
| | - Mingzhao Liu
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, United States of America
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47
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Li W, Cao Y, Sepúlveda N. Thin Film Piezoelectric Nanogenerator Based on (100)-Oriented Nanocrystalline AlN Grown by Pulsed Laser Deposition at Room Temperature. Micromachines (Basel) 2022; 14:99. [PMID: 36677159 PMCID: PMC9866050 DOI: 10.3390/mi14010099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In wearable or implantable biomedical devices that typically rely on battery power for diagnostics or operation, the development of flexible piezoelectric nanogenerators (NGs) that enable mechanical-to-electrical energy harvesting is finding promising applications. Here, we present the construction of a flexible piezoelectric nanogenerator using a thin film of room temperature deposited nanocrystalline aluminium nitride (AlN). On a thin layer of aluminium (Al), the AlN thin film was grown using pulsed laser deposition (PLD). The room temperature grown AlN film was composed of crystalline columnar grains oriented in the (100)-direction, as revealed in images from transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Fundamental characterization of the AlN thin film by piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) indicated that its electro-mechanical energy conversion metrics were comparable to those of c-axis oriented AlN and zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films. Additionally, the AlN-based flexible piezoelectric NG was encapsulated in polyimide to further strengthen its mechanical robustness and protect it from some corrosive chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Vermont, 33 Colchester Ave., Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Yunqi Cao
- College of Control Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Rd., Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Nelson Sepúlveda
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, 428 S. Shaw Lane, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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48
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Romanov RI, Fominski DV, Demin MV, Gritskevich MD, Doroshina NV, Volkov VS, Fominski VY. Tribological Properties of WS 2 Thin Films Containing Graphite-like Carbon and Ni Interlayers. Materials (Basel) 2022; 16:282. [PMID: 36614621 PMCID: PMC9822394 DOI: 10.3390/ma16010282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The development and production of thin-film coatings having very low friction is an urgent problem of materials science. One of the most promising solutions is the fabrication of special nanocomposites containing transition-metal dichalcogenides and various carbon-based nanophases. This study aims to explore the influence of graphite-like carbon (g-C) and Ni interface layers on the tribological properties of thin WS2 films. Nanocrystalline WS2 films were created by reactive pulsed laser deposition (PLD) in H2S at 500 °C. Between the two WS2 nanolayers, g-C and Ni nanofilms were fabricated by PLD at 700 and 22 °C, respectively. Tribotesting was carried out in a nitrogen-enriched atmosphere by the reciprocal sliding of a steel counterbody under a relatively low load of 1 N. For single-layer WS2 films, the friction coefficient was ~0.04. The application of g-C films did not noticeably improve the tribological properties of WS2-based films. However, the application of thin films of g-C and Ni reduced the friction coefficient to 0.013, thus, approaching superlubricity. The island morphology of the Ni nanofilm ensured WS2 retention and altered the contact area between the counterbody and the film surface. The catalytic properties of nickel facilitated the introduction of S and H atoms into g-C. The sliding of WS2 nanoplates against an amorphous g-C(S, H) nanolayer caused a lower coefficient of friction than the relative sliding of WS2 nanoplates. The detected behavior of the prepared thin films suggests a new strategy of designing antifriction coatings for practical applications and highlights the ample opportunities of laser techniques in the formation of promising thin-film coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman I. Romanov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Kashirskoe sh., 31, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - Dmitry V. Fominski
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Kashirskoe sh., 31, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - Maxim V. Demin
- Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, A. Nevskogo St 14, Kaliningrad 236016, Russia
| | - Mariya D. Gritskevich
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Kashirskoe sh., 31, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - Natalia V. Doroshina
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT), Dolgoprudny 141701, Russia
| | - Valentyn S. Volkov
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT), Dolgoprudny 141701, Russia
| | - Vyacheslav Yu. Fominski
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Kashirskoe sh., 31, Moscow 115409, Russia
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49
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Shupenev AE, Melnik SL, Korshunov IS, Karpoukhin SD, Sazonkin SG, Grigor’yants AG. Growth Features of Bi 2Te 3Sb 1.5 Films on Polyimide Substrates Obtained by Pulsed Laser Deposition. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:8993. [PMID: 36556799 PMCID: PMC9788408 DOI: 10.3390/ma15248993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Thermoelectric materials in the form of thin films are used to create a wide variety of sensors and devices. The efficiency of these devices depends on the quality and efficiency of the thermoelectric materials obtained in the form of thin films. Earlier, we demonstrated that it is possible to obtain high-performance Bi2Te3Sb1.5 films less than 1 μm thick on polyimide substrates by using the PLD method, and determined optimal growth conditions. In the current work, the relationship between growth conditions and droplet fraction on the surface, microstructure, grain size, film thickness and chemical composition was studied. A power factor of 5.25 μW/cm×K2 was achieved with the reduction of droplet fraction on the film surface to 0.57%. The dependencies of the film thickness were studied, and the effect of the thickness on the efficiency of the material is shown. The general trend in the growth dynamics for Bi2Te3Sb1.5 films we obtained is the reduction of crystalline size with Pressure-Temperature (PT) criterion. The results of our work also show the possibility of a significant reduction of droplet phase with simultaneous management of crystalline features and thermoelectric efficiency of Bi2Te3Sb1.5 films grown on polyimide substrates by varying growth conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander E. Shupenev
- Department of Laser Technology in Engineering, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 105005 Moscow, Russia
| | - Svetlana L. Melnik
- Department of Laser Technology in Engineering, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 105005 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ivan S. Korshunov
- Department of Laser Technology in Engineering, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 105005 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey D. Karpoukhin
- Department of Materials Science, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 105005 Moscow, Russia
| | - Stanislav G. Sazonkin
- Scientific and Educational Center “Photonics and IR Technology”, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 105005 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander G. Grigor’yants
- Department of Laser Technology in Engineering, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 105005 Moscow, Russia
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50
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Suwardy J, Akhir MPM, Kurniawan R, Hermanto BR, Anshori I, Fauzi MH. Simulation of Laser-Heating and Energetic Plasma Plume Expansion in Pulsed Laser Deposition of Y 3Fe 5O 12. Micromachines (Basel) 2022; 13:2012. [PMID: 36422441 PMCID: PMC9693144 DOI: 10.3390/mi13112012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, numerically iterative models are employed to study two processes involved in the pulsed laser deposition of an Y3Fe5O12 target. The 1D conduction heat model is used to evaluate the temperature of the target irradiated by a nano-second pulse laser, taking into account the plasma shielding effect. Further, the gas dynamics model is employed to simulate the kinetic of plasma plume expansion. The results may be important in obtaining high-quality Y3Fe5O12 thin films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joko Suwardy
- Research Center for Quantum Physics, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), South Tangerang 15314, Indonesia
| | - Muzakkiy Putra Muhammad Akhir
- Research Center for Quantum Physics, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), South Tangerang 15314, Indonesia
| | - Robi Kurniawan
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Malang, Jl. Semarang No. 5, Malang 65145, Indonesia
| | - Beni Rio Hermanto
- Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - Isa Anshori
- Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - Mohammad Hamzah Fauzi
- Research Center for Quantum Physics, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), South Tangerang 15314, Indonesia
- Research Collaboration Center for Quantum Technology 2.0, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
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