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Greenbaum AB, Ueyama HA, Gleason PT, Khan JM, Bruce CG, Halaby RN, Rogers T, Hanzel GS, Xie JX, Byku I, Guyton RA, Grubb KJ, Lisko JC, Shekiladze N, Inci EK, Grier EA, Paone G, McCabe JM, Lederman RJ, Babaliaros VC. Transcatheter Myotomy to Reduce Left Ventricular Outflow Obstruction. J Am Coll Cardiol 2024; 83:1257-1272. [PMID: 38471643 PMCID: PMC10990778 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2024.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction is a source of morbidity in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and a life-threatening complication of transcatheter mitral valve replacement (TMVR) and transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Available surgical and transcatheter approaches are limited by high surgical risk, unsuitable septal perforators, and heart block requiring permanent pacemakers. OBJECTIVES The authors report the initial experience of a novel transcatheter electrosurgical procedure developed to mimic surgical myotomy. METHODS We used septal scoring along midline endocardium (SESAME) to treat patients, on a compassionate basis, with symptomatic LVOT obstruction or to create space to facilitate TMVR or TAVR. RESULTS In this single-center retrospective study between 2021 and 2023, 76 patients underwent SESAME. In total, 11 (14%) had classic HCM, and the remainder underwent SESAME to facilitate TMVR or TAVR. All had technically successful SESAME myocardial laceration. Measures to predict post-TMVR LVOT significantly improved (neo-LVOT 42 mm2 [Q1-Q3: 7-117 mm2] to 170 mm2 [Q1-Q3: 95-265 mm2]; P < 0.001; skirt-neo-LVOT 169 mm2 [Q1-Q3: 153-193 mm2] to 214 mm2 [Q1-Q3: 180-262 mm2]; P < 0.001). Among patients with HCM, SESAME significantly decreased invasive LVOT gradients (resting: 54 mm Hg [Q1-Q3: 40-70 mm Hg] to 29 mm Hg [Q1-Q3: 12-36 mm Hg]; P = 0.023; provoked 146 mm Hg [Q1-Q3: 100-180 mm Hg] to 85 mm Hg [Q1-Q3: 40-120 mm Hg]; P = 0.076). A total of 74 (97.4%) survived the procedure. Five experienced 3 of 76 (3.9%) iatrogenic ventricular septal defects that did not require repair and 3 of 76 (3.9%) ventricular free wall perforations. Neither occurred in patients treated for HCM. Permanent pacemakers were required in 4 of 76 (5.3%), including 2 after concomitant TAVR. Lacerations were stable and did not propagate after SESAME (remaining septum: 5.9 ± 3.3 mm to 6.1 ± 3.2 mm; P = 0.8). CONCLUSIONS With further experience, SESAME may benefit patients requiring septal reduction therapy for obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy as well as those with LVOT obstruction after heart valve replacement, and/or can help facilitate transcatheter valve implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam B Greenbaum
- Structural Heart and Valve Center, Emory University Hospital, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. https://twitter.com/AdamGreenbaumMD
| | - Hiroki A Ueyama
- Structural Heart and Valve Center, Emory University Hospital, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Patrick T Gleason
- Structural Heart and Valve Center, Emory University Hospital, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jaffar M Khan
- Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health USA, Bethesda, Maryland, USA; St Francis Hospital, Roslyn, New York, USA
| | - Christopher G Bruce
- Structural Heart and Valve Center, Emory University Hospital, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health USA, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Rim N Halaby
- Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health USA, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Toby Rogers
- Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health USA, Bethesda, Maryland, USA; Medstar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - George S Hanzel
- Structural Heart and Valve Center, Emory University Hospital, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Joe X Xie
- Structural Heart and Valve Center, Emory University Hospital, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Isida Byku
- Structural Heart and Valve Center, Emory University Hospital, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Robert A Guyton
- Structural Heart and Valve Center, Emory University Hospital, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Kendra J Grubb
- Structural Heart and Valve Center, Emory University Hospital, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - John C Lisko
- Structural Heart and Valve Center, Emory University Hospital, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Nikoloz Shekiladze
- Structural Heart and Valve Center, Emory University Hospital, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Errol K Inci
- Structural Heart and Valve Center, Emory University Hospital, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Grier
- Structural Heart and Valve Center, Emory University Hospital, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Gaetano Paone
- Structural Heart and Valve Center, Emory University Hospital, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Robert J Lederman
- Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health USA, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
| | - Vasilis C Babaliaros
- Structural Heart and Valve Center, Emory University Hospital, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Nickenig G, Sugiura A. Transcatheter Myotomy for LVOT Challenges: SESAME Street 2.0. J Am Coll Cardiol 2024; 83:1273-1275. [PMID: 38569757 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2024.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Georg Nickenig
- Heart Center Bonn, Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Atsushi Sugiura
- Heart Center Bonn, Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Ueyama HA, Babaliaros VC, Greenbaum AB. Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Modification for Transcatheter Mitral Valve Replacement. Interv Cardiol Clin 2024; 13:217-225. [PMID: 38432764 DOI: 10.1016/j.iccl.2023.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction is a life-threatening complication of transcatheter mitral valve replacement. In-depth analysis of pre-procedural computed tomography enables accurate prediction of this risk. Several techniques for LVOT modification, including Laceration of the Anterior Mitral leaflet to Prevent Outflow ObtructioN, preemptive alcohol septal ablation, preemptive radiofrequency ablation, and Septal Scoring Along the Midline Endocardium, have been described as effective strategies to mitigate this risk. This review aims to explore the indications, procedural steps, and outcomes associated with these LVOT modification techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki A Ueyama
- Division of Cardiology, Emory Structural Heart and Valve Center, Emory University Hospital Midtown, 550 Peachtree Street, Northeast, Atlanta, GA 30306, USA
| | - Vasilis C Babaliaros
- Division of Cardiology, Emory Structural Heart and Valve Center, Emory University Hospital Midtown, 550 Peachtree Street, Northeast, Atlanta, GA 30306, USA
| | - Adam B Greenbaum
- Division of Cardiology, Emory Structural Heart and Valve Center, Emory University Hospital Midtown, 550 Peachtree Street, Northeast, Atlanta, GA 30306, USA.
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Bruce CG, Yildirim DK, Kolandaivelu A, Khan JM, Rogers T, Uzun D, Jaimes AE, Halaby RN, Herzka DA, Babaliaros VC, Greenbaum AB, Lederman RJ. EDEN (Electrocardiographic Radial Depth Navigation): A Novel Approach to Navigate Inside Heart Muscle. JACC Clin Electrophysiol 2023; 9:1741-1754. [PMID: 37354176 PMCID: PMC10524151 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacep.2023.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intramyocardial guidewire navigation is a novel technique that allows free transcatheter movement within ventricular muscle. Guidewire radial depth, between endocardial and epicardial surfaces, is ambiguous by x-ray and echocardiography. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to develop a simple tool, EDEN (Electrocardiographic Radial Depth Navigation), to indicate radial depth during intramyocardial guidewire navigation. Combined with routine imaging, EDEN facilitates a new family of intramyocardial catheter procedures to slice, reshape, pace, and ablate the heart. METHODS We mapped intramyocardial electrograms of left and right ventricular walls and septum during open- and closed-chest swine procedures (N = 53), including MIRTH (Myocardial Intramural Remodeling by Transvenous Tether) ventriculoplasty. We identified radial depth-dependent features on unipolar electrograms. We developed a machine learning-based classifier to indicate categorical position, and modeled the findings in silico to test understanding of the physiology. RESULTS EDEN signatures distinguished 5 depth zones throughout left and right ventricular free walls and interventricular septum. Relative ST-segment elevation magnitude best discriminated position and was maximum (40.1 ± 6.5 mV) in the midmyocardium. Subendocardial positions exhibited dominant Q waves with lower-amplitude ST segments (16.8 ± 5.8 mV), whereas subepicardial positions exhibited dominant R waves with lower-amplitude ST segments (15.7 ± 4.8 mV). EDEN was unaffected by pacing-induced left bundle branch block. ST-segment elevation declined over minutes and reappeared after submillimeter guidewire manipulation. Modeling recapitulated EDEN features. The machine learning-based classifier was 97% accurate. EDEN successfully guided MIRTH ventriculoplasty. CONCLUSIONS EDEN provides a simple and reproducible real-time reflection of categorical guidewire-tip radial depth during intramyocardial guidewire navigation. Used in tandem with x-ray, EDEN enables novel, transcatheter, intramyocardial therapies such as MIRTH, SESAME (Septal Surfing Along Midline Endocardium), and cerclage ventriculoplasty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher G Bruce
- Cardiovascular Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. https://twitter.com/ChrisGBruce13
| | - D Korel Yildirim
- Cardiovascular Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Aravindan Kolandaivelu
- Cardiovascular Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA; Johns Hopkins Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jaffar M Khan
- Cardiovascular Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Toby Rogers
- Cardiovascular Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA; MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Dogangun Uzun
- Cardiovascular Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Andrea E Jaimes
- Cardiovascular Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Rim N Halaby
- Cardiovascular Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Daniel A Herzka
- Cardiovascular Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Vasilis C Babaliaros
- Structural Heart and Valve Center, Emory University Hospital, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Adam B Greenbaum
- Structural Heart and Valve Center, Emory University Hospital, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Robert J Lederman
- Cardiovascular Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
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Imam NG, Harfouche M, Azab AA, Solyman S. Coupling between γ-irradiation and synchrotron-radiation-based XAFS techniques for studying Mn-doped ZnO nanoparticles. J Synchrotron Radiat 2022; 29:1187-1197. [PMID: 36073877 PMCID: PMC9455205 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577522006439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
γ-Irradiation and synchrotron-radiation-based X-ray absorption fine-structure (XAFS) spectroscopy have been used to induce structure disorder through the interaction of γ-rays (200 kGy) with fabricated Mn-doped ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) and then to examine thoroughly the resultant structural change. The extracted electronic/fine XAFS structural parameters reflect a compositional and γ-irradiation co-dependence. The average crystal structure of samples prepared by the sol-gel method was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD). A detailed structural XRD data analysis was carried out by applying a Rietveld refinement using the MAUD program. XAFS spectra were collected at the Zn K-edge (9659 eV) in transmission mode and at the Mn K-edge (6539 eV) in fluorescence mode. Direct evidence of the solubility of Mn ions in the ZnO structure was demonstrated by fitting the extended-XAFS (EXAFS) signal. Near-edge XAFS (XANES) analysis provided the oxidation states of Zn and Mn ions through fingerprint XANES spectra of the sample along with those of standard compounds. Linear combination fitting showed that the most fit chemical forms of Zn and Mn in the samples are ZnO and MnO, respectively. The oxidation states of both Zn and Mn XAFS absorbers were confirmed from pre-edge fitting. The results of the magnetic measurements were explained in light of the average and electronic/local structural information obtained from XRD, XANES and EXAFS techniques. The magnetic properties of the samples translate into an induced change in the average crystal and electronic/local structures upon Mn concentration change and γ-irradiation. XRD confirmed the successful preparation of hexagonal Mn-doped ZnO NPs with a crystallite size in the range 33-41 nm. Both XRD and EXAFS analysis detected a minor amount of Mn3O4 as a secondary phase. XANES and EXAFS provided information exploring the outstanding potential of the utilized protocol for detecting precisely the presence of the secondary phase of Mn3O4, which changes with Mn content (x). Mean-square relative displacement (σ2) values extracted from the EXAFS fitting were found to grow for Zn-Zn/Mn paths demonstrating the substitution of Mn/Zn into Zn crystal sites. The EXAFS analysis explains the reasons behind the enhancement in the magnetic properties and shows that the Mn doping content at x = 0.05 produces the most local atomic disorder in ZnO NPs. There is a strong harmony among the XRD, XANES, EXAFS and magnetization behavior of the Mn-doped ZnO NPs. Maximum magnetization was acquired at an Mn content of 0.05. γ-Ray-irradiated Zn1-xMnxO NPs are recommended as optimized candidates for showing the diversity of the applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. G. Imam
- Experimental Nuclear Physics Department (Solid State Laboratory), Nuclear Research Center (NRC), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo 13759, Egypt
| | - Messaoud Harfouche
- Synchrotron-Light for Experimental and Scientific Applications in the Middle East (SESAME), PO Box 7, Allan 19252, Jordan
| | - A. A. Azab
- Solid State Physics Department, Physics Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth Street, Dokki, 12622 Giza, Egypt
| | - S. Solyman
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Harfouche M, Abdellatief M, Momani Y, Abbadi A, Al Najdawi M, Al Zoubi M, Aljamal B, Matalgah S, Khan LU, Lausi A, Paolucci G. Emergence of the first XAFS/XRF beamline in the Middle East: providing studies of elements and their atomic/electronic structure in pluridisciplinary research fields. J Synchrotron Radiat 2022; 29:1107-1113. [PMID: 35787578 PMCID: PMC9255566 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577522005215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
XAFS/XRF is a general-purpose absorption spectroscopy beamline at the Synchrotron-light for Experimental Science and Applications in the Middle East (SESAME), Jordan. Herein, its optical layout is presented along with its powerful capabilities in collecting absorption and fluorescence spectra within a wide energy range (4.7-30 keV). The beamline is equipped with a conventional fixed-exit double-crystal monochromator that allows the collection of an X-ray absorption spectrum within a few minutes in step-by-step mode. An on-the-fly scanning mode will be implemented shortly where the acquisition time will be reduced to less than a minute per scan. The full automation of the beamline allows performing successive measurements under different conditions. The different experimental setups and special features available to users are reported. Examples of XRF and XAFS measurements are presented, showing the performance of the beamline under different standard conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Messaoud Harfouche
- SESAME (Synchrotron-light for Experimental Science and Applications in the Middle East), Allan 19252, Jordan
| | - Mahmoud Abdellatief
- SESAME (Synchrotron-light for Experimental Science and Applications in the Middle East), Allan 19252, Jordan
| | - Yazeed Momani
- SESAME (Synchrotron-light for Experimental Science and Applications in the Middle East), Allan 19252, Jordan
| | - Anas Abbadi
- SESAME (Synchrotron-light for Experimental Science and Applications in the Middle East), Allan 19252, Jordan
| | - Mohammad Al Najdawi
- SESAME (Synchrotron-light for Experimental Science and Applications in the Middle East), Allan 19252, Jordan
| | - Mustafa Al Zoubi
- SESAME (Synchrotron-light for Experimental Science and Applications in the Middle East), Allan 19252, Jordan
| | - Basil Aljamal
- SESAME (Synchrotron-light for Experimental Science and Applications in the Middle East), Allan 19252, Jordan
| | - Salman Matalgah
- SESAME (Synchrotron-light for Experimental Science and Applications in the Middle East), Allan 19252, Jordan
| | - Latif U. Khan
- SESAME (Synchrotron-light for Experimental Science and Applications in the Middle East), Allan 19252, Jordan
| | - Andrea Lausi
- SESAME (Synchrotron-light for Experimental Science and Applications in the Middle East), Allan 19252, Jordan
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste SCpA, Strada Statale 14 – km 163,5 in AREA Science Park, Basovizza/Trieste 34149, Italy
| | - Giorgio Paolucci
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste SCpA, Strada Statale 14 – km 163,5 in AREA Science Park, Basovizza/Trieste 34149, Italy
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Rungius C, Flink T, Riedel S. SESAME - a synchrotron light source in the Middle East: an international research infrastructure in the making. Open Res Eur 2022; 1:51. [PMID: 37645168 PMCID: PMC10445914 DOI: 10.12688/openreseurope.13362.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
SESAME (Synchrotron-light for Experimental Science and Applications in the Middle East) is an international research centre located in Jordan. The centre was established in the late 1990s with the intention to foster scientific cooperation in a region of the world that has been torn by persistent conflicts. The project is built on the idea that science can help to overcome barriers and cultural differences within the common ground of science and research. SESAME's core ambition is to operate an international state-of-the-art synchrotron users' facility in the north of Amman that is accessible to scientists from all of its members: Cyprus, Egypt, Iran, Israel, Pakistan, Palestine, Turkey and Jordan. Accordingly, SESAME has been often praised as a paramount example of science diplomacy. Our intention for this report was to investigate a concrete international research infrastructure with a specific science diplomacy interest. What were the enabling conditions for such a project to come into being and what keeps SESAME running? What were the challenges and obstacles? How does the composition of member states play into that? How is SESAME related to (and embedded in) the global synchrotron community, academia, researchers and political actors in the region and the world? Did the science diplomacy ambition behind the project turn out to be successful and how does it affect SESAME's future?
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tim Flink
- Humboldt University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- DZHW, Berlin, Germany
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SALETORE SA, HARKARE NH. The influence of non-glyceridic constituents on autoxidative rancidity of sesame oil. CURR SCI INDIA 1951; 20:10-1. [PMID: 14822538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
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CALHOON TB, ANGERER CA. The effect of relatively large doses of sesame oil on oxygen consumption and the antagonistic action of adrenocortical extract. Endocrinology 1950; 46:327-33. [PMID: 15411908 DOI: 10.1210/endo-46-3-327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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RUBENSTEIN L. Sensitivity to sesame seed and sesame oil. N Y State J Med 1950; 50:343. [PMID: 15401557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
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