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Xu JW, Wang BS, Gao P, Huang HT, Wang FY, Qiu W, Zhang YY, Xu Y, Gou JB, Yu LL, Liu X, Wang RJ, Zhu T, Hou LH, Wang Q. Safety and immunogenicity of heterologous boosting with orally administered aerosolized bivalent adenovirus type-5 vectored COVID-19 vaccine and B.1.1.529 variant adenovirus type-5 vectored COVID-19 vaccine in adults 18 years and older: a randomized, double blinded, parallel controlled trial. Emerg Microbes Infect 2024; 13:2281355. [PMID: 37933089 PMCID: PMC11025474 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2023.2281355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Vaccination strategies that can induce a broad spectrum immune response are important to enhance protection against SARS-CoV-2 variants. We conducted a randomized, double-blind and parallel controlled trial to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of the bivalent (5×1010viral particles) and B.1.1.529 variant (5×1010viral particles) adenovirus type-5 (Ad5) vectored COVID-19 vaccines administrated via inhalation. 451 eligible subjects aged 18 years and older who had been vaccinated with three doses inactivated COVID-19 vaccines were randomly assigned to inhale one dose of either B.1.1.529 variant Ad5 vectored COVID-19 vaccine (Ad5-nCoVO-IH group, N=150), bivalent Ad5 vectored COVID-19 vaccine (Ad5-nCoV/O-IH group, N=151), or Ad5 vectored COVID-19 vaccine (5×1010viral particles; Ad5-nCoV-IH group, N=150). Adverse reactions reported by 37 (24.67%) participants in the Ad5-nCoVO-IH group, 28 (18.54%) in the Ad5-nCoV/O-IH group, and 26 (17.33%) in the Ad5-nCoV-IH group with mainly mild to moderate dry mouth, oropharyngeal pain, headache, myalgia, cough, fever and fatigue. No serious adverse events related to the vaccine were reported. Investigational vaccines were immunogenic, with significant difference in the GMTs of neutralizing antibodies against Omicron BA.1 between Ad5-nCoV/O-IH (43.70) and Ad5-nCoV-IH (29.25) at 28 days after vaccination (P=0.0238). The seroconversion rates of neutralizing antibodies against BA.1 in Ad5-nCoVO-IH, Ad5-nCoV/O-IH, and Ad5-nCoV-IH groups were 56.00%, 59.60% and 48.67% with no significant difference among the groups. Overall, the investigational vaccines were demonstrated to be safe and well tolerated in adults, and was highly effective in inducing mucosal immunities in addition to humoral and cellular immune responses defending against SARS-CoV-2 variants.Trial registration: Chictr.org identifier: ChiCTR2200063996.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Wei Xu
- Expanded Program on Immunization, Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bu-Sen Wang
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ping Gao
- Logistics University of Chinese People’s Armed Police Force, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hai-Tao Huang
- CanSino Biologics Inc., Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fei-Yu Wang
- CanSino Biologics Inc., Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Qiu
- Expanded Program on Immunization, Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zhang
- Expanded Program on Immunization, Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Xu
- CanSino Biologics Inc., Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jin-Bo Gou
- CanSino Biologics Inc., Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin-Ling Yu
- Expanded Program on Immunization, Yubei District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuan Liu
- CanSino Biologics Inc., Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rui-Jie Wang
- CanSino Biologics Inc., Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tao Zhu
- CanSino Biologics Inc., Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li-Hua Hou
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing- Wang
- Expanded Program on Immunization, Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
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Singha B, Behera D, Khan MZ, Singh NK, Sowpati DT, Gopal B, Nandicoori VK. The unique N-terminal region of Mycobacterium tuberculosis sigma factor A plays a dominant role in the essential function of this protein. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:102933. [PMID: 36690275 PMCID: PMC10011835 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.102933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
SigA (σA) is an essential protein and the primary sigma factor in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). However, due to the absence of genetic tools, our understanding of the role and regulation of σA activity and its molecular attributes that help modulate Mtb survival is scant. Here, we generated a conditional gene replacement of σA in Mtb and showed that its depletion results in a severe survival defect in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo in a murine infection model. Our RNA-seq analysis suggests that σA either directly or indirectly regulates ∼57% of the Mtb transcriptome, including ∼28% of essential genes. Surprisingly, we note that despite having ∼64% similarity with σA, overexpression of the primary-like σ factor SigB (σB) fails to compensate for the absence of σA, suggesting minimal functional redundancy. RNA-seq analysis of the Mtb σB deletion mutant revealed that 433 genes are regulated by σB, of which 283 overlap with the σA transcriptome. Additionally, surface plasmon resonance, in vitro transcription, and functional complementation experiments reveal that σA residues between 132-179 that are disordered and missing from all experimentally determined σA-RNAP structural models are imperative for σA function. Moreover, phosphorylation of σA in the intrinsically disordered N-terminal region plays a regulatory role in modulating its activity. Collectively, these observations and analysis provide a rationale for the centrality of σA for the survival and pathogenicity of this bacillus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biplab Singha
- National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India; CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India
| | - Debashree Behera
- Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | | | | | | | | | - Vinay Kumar Nandicoori
- National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India; CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India.
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Sarathy JP, Zimmerman MD, Gengenbacher M, Dartois V, Dick T. Mycobacterium tuberculosis DprE1 Inhibitor OPC-167832 Is Active against Mycobacterium abscessus In Vitro. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2022; 66:e0123722. [PMID: 36350151 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01237-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The antituberculosis candidate OPC-167832, an inhibitor of DprE1, was active against Mycobacterium abscessus. Resistance mapped to M. abscessus dprE1, suggesting target retention. OPC-167832 was bactericidal and did not antagonize activity of clinical anti-M. abscessus antibiotics. Due to its moderate potency compared to that against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the compound lacked efficacy in a mouse model and is thus not a repurposing candidate. These results identify OPC-167832-DprE1 as a lead-target couple for a M. abscessus-specific optimization program.
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Cai X, Li X, Qin J, Zhang Y, Yan B, Cai J. Gene rppA co-regulated by LRR, SigA, and CcpA mediates antibiotic resistance in Bacillus thuringiensis. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:5687-5699. [PMID: 35906441 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-12090-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance genes are usually tightly controlled by transcription factors and RNA regulatory elements including sRNAs, riboswitches, and attenuators, and their expression is activated to respond to antibiotic exposure. In previous work, we revealed that the rppA gene is regulated by attenuator LRR and two mistranslation products in Bacillus thuringiensis BMB171. However, its function and promoter regulation is still not precise. In this study, we demonstrated that the encoding product of the rppA gene acts as an ARE1 ABC-F protein and confers resistance to antibiotics virginiamycin M1 and lincomycin when overexpressed. Besides the reported attenuator LRR, the expression of the rppA gene is controlled by the sigma factor SigA and a global transcription factor CcpA. Consequently, its promoter activity is mainly maintained at the stationary phase of cell growth and inhibited in the presence of glucose. Our study revealed the function and regulation of the rppA gene in detail. KEY POINTS: • The RppA protein acts as an ARE1 ABC-F protein • The rppA gene confers resistance to antibiotics virginiamycin M1 and lincomycin when overexpressed • The expression of the rppA gene is regulated by the sigma factor SigA and the pleiotropic regulator CcpA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Cai
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xuelian Li
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Jiaxin Qin
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yizhuo Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Bing Yan
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Jun Cai
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300071, China.
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Microbial Functional Genomics, Tianjin, 300071, China.
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Santillán O, Ramírez-Romero MA, Lozano L, Checa A, Encarnación SM, Dávila G. Region 4 of Rhizobium etli Primary Sigma Factor ( SigA) Confers Transcriptional Laxity in Escherichia coli. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:1078. [PMID: 27468278 PMCID: PMC4943231 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sigma factors are RNA polymerase subunits engaged in promoter recognition and DNA strand separation during transcription initiation in bacteria. Primary sigma factors are responsible for the expression of housekeeping genes and are essential for survival. RpoD, the primary sigma factor of Escherichia coli, a γ-proteobacteria, recognizes consensus promoter sequences highly similar to those of some α-proteobacteria species. Despite this resemblance, RpoD is unable to sustain transcription from most of the α-proteobacterial promoters tested so far. In contrast, we have found that SigA, the primary sigma factor of Rhizobium etli, an α-proteobacteria, is able to transcribe E. coli promoters, although it exhibits only 48% identity (98% coverage) to RpoD. We have called this the transcriptional laxity phenomenon. Here, we show that SigA partially complements the thermo-sensitive deficiency of RpoD285 from E. coli strain UQ285 and that the SigA region σ4 is responsible for this phenotype. Sixteen out of 74 residues (21.6%) within region σ4 are variable between RpoD and SigA. Mutating these residues significantly improves SigA ability to complement E. coli UQ285. Only six of these residues fall into positions already known to interact with promoter DNA and to comprise a helix-turn-helix motif. The remaining variable positions are located on previously unexplored sites inside region σ4, specifically into the first two α-helices of the region. Neither of the variable positions confined to these helices seem to interact directly with promoter sequence; instead, we adduce that these residues participate allosterically by contributing to correct region folding and/or positioning of the HTH motif. We propose that transcriptional laxity is a mechanism for ensuring transcription in spite of naturally occurring mutations from endogenous promoters and/or horizontally transferred DNA sequences, allowing survival and fast environmental adaptation of α-proteobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orlando Santillán
- Programa de Genómica Evolutiva, Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | | | - Luis Lozano
- Programa de Genómica Evolutiva, Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Alberto Checa
- Programa de Genómica Funcional de Procariontes, Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Sergio M Encarnación
- Programa de Genómica Funcional de Procariontes, Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Guillermo Dávila
- Programa de Genómica Evolutiva, Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCuernavaca, Mexico; Laboratorio Internacional de Investigación sobre el Genoma Humano, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoJuriquilla, Mexico
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Dautin N. Serine protease autotransporters of enterobacteriaceae (SPATEs): biogenesis and function. Toxins (Basel) 2010; 2:1179-206. [PMID: 22069633 PMCID: PMC3153244 DOI: 10.3390/toxins2061179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2010] [Revised: 05/17/2010] [Accepted: 05/27/2010] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Serine Protease Autotransporters of Enterobacteriaceae (SPATEs) constitute a large family of proteases secreted by Escherichia coli and Shigella. SPATEs exhibit two distinct proteolytic activities. First, a C-terminal catalytic site triggers an intra-molecular cleavage that releases the N-terminal portion of these proteins in the extracellular medium. Second, the secreted N-terminal domains of SPATEs are themselves proteases; each contains a canonical serine-protease catalytic site. Some of these secreted proteases are toxins, eliciting various effects on mammalian cells. Here, we discuss the biogenesis of SPATEs and their function as toxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Dautin
- Department of Biology, The Catholic University of America, 620 Michigan Avenue N.E., Washington, DC, 20064, USA.
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