Helminiak D, Hu H, Laskin J, Hye Ye D. Deep Learning Approach for Dynamic Sampling for Multichannel Mass Spectrometry Imaging.
IEEE Trans Comput Imaging 2023;
9:250-259. [PMID:
37251286 PMCID:
PMC10210351 DOI:
10.1109/tci.2023.3248947]
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Abstract
Mass Spectrometry Imaging (MSI), using traditional rectilinear scanning, takes hours to days for high spatial resolution acquisitions. Given that most pixels within a sample's field of view are often neither relevant to underlying biological structures nor chemically informative, MSI presents as a prime candidate for integration with sparse and dynamic sampling algorithms. During a scan, stochastic models determine which locations probabilistically contain information critical to the generation of low-error reconstructions. Decreasing the number of required physical measurements thereby minimizes overall acquisition times. A Deep Learning Approach for Dynamic Sampling (DLADS), utilizing a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and encapsulating molecular mass intensity distributions within a third dimension, demonstrates a simulated 70% throughput improvement for Nanospray Desorption Electrospray Ionization (nano-DESI) MSI tissues. Evaluations are conducted between DLADS, a Supervised Learning Approach for Dynamic Sampling, with Least-Squares regression (SLADS-LS), and a Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) network (SLADS-Net). When compared with SLADS-LS, limited to a single m / z channel, as well as multichannel SLADS-LS and SLADS-Net, DLADS respectively improves regression performance by 36.7%, 7.0%, and 6.2%, resulting in gains to reconstruction quality of 6.0%, 2.1%, and 3.4% for acquisition of targeted m / z .
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