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Kokate S, Gupta S, Kopuri VG, Prakash H. Energy efficient photocatalytic activation of peroxymonosulfate by g-C 3N 4 under 400 nm LED irradiation for degradation of Acid Orange 7. Chemosphere 2022; 287:132099. [PMID: 34509761 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Photocatalytic activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) by graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) is emerging as a sulfate radical anion based advanced oxidation process (S-AOP) for degradation of organic pollutants. Importantly, photocatalytic activation of PMS by g-C3N4 is energy intensive as light irradiation requires high electrical energy. Here, we studied activation of PMS by g-C3N4 under 400 nm light emitting diode (LED) irradiation (g-C3N4/PMS/400-LED system) for degradation of Acid Orange 7 (AO7). LED array having optical emission maximum around 400 nm (FWHM = 16 nm), with electrical input power of 1.54 W (14 V and 110 mA) was used for irradiation. Pseudo-first order rate constant (kobs) value for degradation of AO7 by g-C3N4/PMS/400-LED system was determined to be 0.094 min-1. O2·-, SO4·- were revealed by radical scavenging and ESR investigations. kobs value in simulated ground and real tap water were determined to be 0.068 min-1 and 0.063 min-1, respectively. g-C3N4 was stable, and reused four times without any significant loss in its photocatalytic activity. Importantly, electrical energy per order (EEO) for degradation of AO7 by g-C3N4/PMS/400-LED system was determined to be 24.51 kWh m-3 order-1. In contrast, the EEO value for the degradation of AO7 by g-C3N4 activated PMS under visible light irradiation (>400 nm), using conventional xenon lamp, (g-C3N4/PMS/Vis-Xe system) was found to be very high as 2702 kWh m-3 order-1. Thus, the study highlights, LED irradiation source is promising for the development of energy efficient g-C3N4 photocatalytic activation of PMS for removal of organic pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Kokate
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, K. K. Birla Goa Campus, NH17B, Zuarinagar, Vasco, Goa, 403726, India; Aditya Birla Science & Technology Co. Pvt. Ltd., Taloja, Mumbai, 410208, India
| | - Smita Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, K. K. Birla Goa Campus, NH17B, Zuarinagar, Vasco, Goa, 403726, India
| | | | - Halan Prakash
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, K. K. Birla Goa Campus, NH17B, Zuarinagar, Vasco, Goa, 403726, India.
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Nguyen TB, Huang CP, Doong RA, Chen CW, Dong CD. CoO-3D ordered mesoporous carbon nitride (CoO@mpgCN) composite as peroxymonosulfate activator for the degradation of sulfamethoxazole in water. J Hazard Mater 2021; 401:123326. [PMID: 32653785 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A facile impregnation method was used to fabricate a hybrid CoO-3D ordered mesoporous carbon nitride (CoO@mpgCN) catalyst that effectively activated peroxymonosulfate (PMS) for the degradation of pharmaceutical chemical, exemplified by antibiotic sulfamethoxazole (SMX) in aqueous solutions. The CoO@mpgCN/PMS system exhibited high catalytic reactivity and SMX removal efficiency over a wide pH range with an observed rate constant (kobs) of 0.314 min-1. Furthermore, CoO@mpgCN was stable with consistently high degree of SMX degradation without having cobalt dissolution and loss of catalytic activity for at least five consecutive cycles. The significant catalysis performance of CoO@mpgCN was due to its uniformly distributed mesopores, large specific surface area, and high electron transfer ability at the active CoO sites. Both quenching experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analysis verified the yield, in abundance, of highly active species, specifically SO4- and OH from the CoO@mpgCN activation of PMS, primarily. Hence, SMX degradation followed a radical chain reaction mechanism. The result of this study revealed a novel prospective of CoO@mpgCN composite as PMS activator for the remediation of recalcitrant pollutants in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanh Binh Nguyen
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, City, Taiwan
| | - C P Huang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, 19716, DE, USA
| | - Ruey-An Doong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Wen Chen
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, City, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Di Dong
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, City, Taiwan.
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Jhones Dos Santos A, Sirés I, Brillas E. Removal of bisphenol A from acidic sulfate medium and urban wastewater using persulfate activated with electroregenerated Fe 2. Chemosphere 2021; 263:128271. [PMID: 33297215 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Model solutions of bisphenol A (BPA) in 0.050 M Na2SO4 at pH 3.0 have been treated by the electro/Fe2+/persulfate process. The activation of 5.0 mM persulfate with 0.20 mM Fe2+ yielded a mixture of sulfate radical anion (SO4-) and OH, although quenching tests revealed the prevalence of the former species as the main oxidizing agent. In trials run in an IrO2/carbon-felt cell, 98.4% degradation was achieved alongside 61.8% mineralization. The energy consumption was 253.9 kWh (kg TOC)-1, becoming more cost-effective as compared to cells with boron-doped diamond and Pt anodes. Carbon felt outperformed stainless steel as cathode because of the faster Fe2+ regeneration. All BPA concentration decays agreed with a pseudo-fist-order kinetics. The effect of persulfate, Fe2+ and BPA concentrations as well as of the applied current on the degradation process was assessed. Two dehydroxylated and three hydroxylated monobenzenic by-products appeared upon SO4- and OH attack, respectively. The analogous treatment of BPA spiked into urban wastewater yielded a faster degradation and mineralization due to the co-generation of HClO and the larger OH production as SO4- reacted with Cl-.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexsandro Jhones Dos Santos
- Laboratori d'Electroquímica dels Materials i del Medi Ambient, Departament de Química Física, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ignasi Sirés
- Laboratori d'Electroquímica dels Materials i del Medi Ambient, Departament de Química Física, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Enric Brillas
- Laboratori d'Electroquímica dels Materials i del Medi Ambient, Departament de Química Física, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
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Alkhuraiji TS, Alkhuraiji WS. Detailed study of water radiolysis-based degradation of chloroorganic pollutants in aqueous solutions. J Hazard Mater 2019; 368:569-577. [PMID: 30711705 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.01.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Water radiolysis-induced destruction, dechlorination and mineralization of harmful chlorophenols, i.e., 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (2,4,6-tCPH), 4-chlorophenol (4-CPH) and 4-chlorocatechol (4-CC), using radioactive Co-60 have been investigated as individual and combination methods (2,4,6-tCPH+4-CPH+4-CC) with an initial concentration of 100 μM of each pollutant. The kinetic efficiencies of chlorophenol destruction were compared. The individual destruction percentages of 2,4,6-tCPH, 4-CPH and 4-CC reached at least 99% with absorbed doses (D99%) of 1.44, 1.73 and 1.85 kGy, respectively. Substantially higher absorbed doses were required to destroy each chlorophenol when they were all present in the treated. HCO3- anions inhibit the elimination efficiency of chlorophenols. The effects of S2O82- anions, N2O and N2 on destruction and mineralization were elaborated. O2 was crucial for the mineralization. Except for the γ-ray/N2 system, full mineralization was achieved for both individual and combined chlorophenols. The results indicate that hydrated electrons (eaq-) do not have a direct effect on the destruction of these chlorophenols. The study main goals were to show the successful application of ionizing radiation as a useful tool for environmental remediation, to continue scientific research on ionizing radiation as an advanced oxidation technology (AOT) and to provide a new, economic, practical and efficient solution to remove pollutants from aqueous media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Turki S Alkhuraiji
- King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology - KACST, Nuclear Science Research Institute, National Center for Irradiation Technology (NCIT), P. O. Box 6086, Riyadh, 11442, Saudi Arabia; Industrialization and Innovation Affairs-IIA, Saudi-Chinese Centre for Technology Transfer (SCCTT), P. O. Box 6086, Riyadh, 11442, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Waleed S Alkhuraiji
- King Khalid Military Academy - KKMA, P. O. Box 22140, Riyadh, 11495, Saudi Arabia
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Luo S, Wei Z, Spinney R, Villamena FA, Dionysiou DD, Chen D, Tang CJ, Chai L, Xiao R. Quantitative structure-activity relationships for reactivities of sulfate and hydroxyl radicals with aromatic contaminants through single-electron transfer pathway. J Hazard Mater 2018; 344:1165-1173. [PMID: 28964582 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Sulfate radical anion (SO4•-) and hydroxyl radical (OH) based advanced oxidation technologies has been extensively used for removal of aromatic contaminants (ACs) in waters. In this study, we investigated the Gibbs free energy (ΔGSET∘) of the single electron transfer (SET) reactions for 76 ACs with SO4•- and OH, respectively. The result reveals that SO4•- possesses greater propensity to react with ACs through the SET channel than OH. We hypothesized that the electron distribution within the molecule plays an essential role in determining the ΔGSET∘ and subsequent SET reactions. To test the hypothesis, a quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) model was developed for predicting ΔGSET∘ using the highest occupied molecular orbital energies (EHOMO), a measure of electron distribution and donating ability. The standardized QSAR models are reported to be ΔG°SET=-0.97×EHOMO - 181 and ΔG°SET=-0.97×EHOMO - 164 for SO4•- and OH, respectively. The models were internally and externally validated to ensure robustness and predictability, and the application domain and limitations were discussed. The single-descriptor based models account for 95% of the variability for SO4•- and OH. These results provide the mechanistic insight into the SET reaction pathway of radical and non-radical bimolecular reactions, and have important applications for radical based oxidation technologies to remove target ACs in different waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Luo
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China; Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Zongsu Wei
- Grand Water Research Institute - Rabin Desalination Laboratory, Wolfson Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa, 32000, Israel
| | - Richard Spinney
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Frederick A Villamena
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology and The Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Dionysios D Dionysiou
- Environmental Engineering and Science Program, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45221, USA
| | - Dong Chen
- Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, Indiana University-Purdue University Fort Wayne, Fort Wayne, IN, 46805, USA
| | - Chong-Jian Tang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China; Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Liyuan Chai
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China; Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Ruiyang Xiao
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China; Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Changsha, 410083, China.
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Peng Z, Bu J, McLuckey SA. The Generation of Dehydroalanine Residues in Protonated Polypeptides: Ion/Ion Reactions for Introducing Selective Cleavages. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2017; 28:1765-1774. [PMID: 28497355 PMCID: PMC5681889 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-017-1672-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We examine a gas-phase approach for converting a subset of amino acid residues in polypeptide cations to dehydroalanine (Dha). Subsequent activation of the modified polypeptide ions gives rise to specific cleavage N-terminal to the Dha residue. This process allows for the incorporation of selective cleavages in the structural characterization of polypeptide ions. An ion/ion reaction within the mass spectrometer between a multiply protonated polypeptide and the sulfate radical anion introduces a radical site into the multiply protonated polypeptide reactant. Subsequent collisional activation of the polypeptide radical cation gives rise to radical side chain loss from one of several particular amino acid side chains (e.g., leucine, asparagine, lysine, glutamine, and glutamic acid) to yield a Dha residue. The Dha residues facilitate preferential backbone cleavages to produce signature c- and z-ions, demonstrated with cations derived from melittin, mechano growth factor (MGF), and ubiquitin. The efficiencies for radical side chain loss and for subsequent generation of specific c- and z-ions have been examined as functions of precursor ion charge state and activation conditions using cations of ubiquitin as a model for a small protein. It is noted that these efficiencies are not strongly dependent on ion trap collisional activation conditions but are sensitive to precursor ion charge state. Moderate to low charge states show the greatest overall yields for the specific Dha cleavages, whereas small molecule losses (e.g., water/ammonia) dominate at the lowest charge states and proton catalyzed amide bond cleavages that give rise to b- and y-ions tend to dominate at high charge states. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Peng
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907-2084, USA
| | - Jiexun Bu
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907-2084, USA
| | - Scott A McLuckey
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907-2084, USA.
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Yang Z, Su R, Luo S, Spinney R, Cai M, Xiao R, Wei Z. Comparison of the reactivity of ibuprofen with sulfate and hydroxyl radicals: An experimental and theoretical study. Sci Total Environ 2017; 590-591:751-760. [PMID: 28302308 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2017] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Hydroxyl radical (•OH) and sulfate radical anion (SO4•-) based advanced oxidation technologies (AOTs) are effective methods to treat trace organic contaminants (TrOCs) in engineered waters. Although both technologies result in the same overall removal of TrOCs, the mechanistic differences between these two radicals involved in the oxidation of TrOCs remain unclear. In this study, we experimentally examined the degradation kinetics of neutral ibuprofen (IBU), a representative TrOC, by •OH and SO4•- at pH3 in UV/H2O2 and UV/persulfate systems, respectively. The second-order rate constants (k) of IBU with •OH and SO4•- were determined to be 3.43±0.06×109 and 1.66±0.12×109M-1s-1, respectively. We also theoretically calculated the thermodynamic and kinetic behaviors for reactions of IBU with •OH and SO4•- using the density functional theory (DFT) M06-2X method with 6-311++G** basis set. The results revealed that H-atom abstraction is the most favorable pathway for both •OH and SO4•-, but due to the steric hindrance SO4•- exhibits significantly higher energy barriers than •OH. The theoretical calculations corroborate our experimental observation that SO4•- has a smaller k value than •OH in reacting with IBU. These comparative results are of fundamental and practical importance in understanding the electrophilic interactions between radicals and IBU molecules, and to help select preferred radical oxidation processes for optimal TrOCs removal in engineered waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Yang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Rongkui Su
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Shuang Luo
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Richard Spinney
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Meiqiang Cai
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Ruiyang Xiao
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Changsha 410083, China.
| | - Zongsu Wei
- Grand Water Research Institute - Rabin Desalination Laboratory, The Wolfson Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 32000, Israel.
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Mahdi-Ahmed M, Chiron S. Ciprofloxacin oxidation by UV-C activated peroxymonosulfate in wastewater. J Hazard Mater 2014; 265:41-46. [PMID: 24333713 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2013] [Revised: 11/13/2013] [Accepted: 11/14/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This work aimed at demonstrating the advantages to use sulfate radical anion for eliminating ciprofloxacin residues from treated domestic wastewater by comparing three UV-254nm based advanced oxidation processes: UV/persulfate (PDS), UV/peroxymonosulfate (PMS) and UV/H2O2. In distilled water, the order of efficiency was UV/PDS>UV/PMS>UV/H2O2 while in wastewater, the most efficient process was UV/PMS followed by UV/PDS and UV/H2O2 mainly because PMS decomposition into sulfate radical anion was activated by bicarbonate ions. CIP was fully degraded in wastewater at pH 7 in 60min for a [PMS]/[CIP] molar ratio of 20. Nine transformation products were identified by liquid chromatography-high resolution-mass spectrometry allowing for the establishment of degradation pathways in the UV/PMS system. Sulfate radical anion attacks prompted transformations at the piperazinyl ring through a one electron oxidation mechanism as a major pathway while hydroxyl radical attacks were mainly responsible for quinolone moiety transformations as a minor pathway. Sulfate radical anion generation has made UV/PMS a kinetically effective process in removing ciprofloxacin from wastewater with the elimination of ciprofloxacin antibacterial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moussa Mahdi-Ahmed
- UMR HydroSciences 5569, Montpellier University, 15 Avenue Ch. Flahault, 34093 Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | - Serge Chiron
- UMR HydroSciences 5569, Montpellier University, 15 Avenue Ch. Flahault, 34093 Montpellier cedex 5, France.
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