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Elmalawany LM, El-Refai DA, Alian GA. Change in surface properties of two different dental resin composites after using various beverages and brushing. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:966. [PMID: 38053124 PMCID: PMC10696683 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03710-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study aimed to evaluate the influence of various beverages; with and without brushing; on the surface mechanical properties of two resin composites. METHODS A total of 160 disc-shaped specimens were prepared for each of the following dental composites; nanohybrid ormocer (Admira fusion, VOCO GmbH, Cuxhaven, Germany) and nanohybrid resin composite (Grandio, VOCO GmbH, Cuxhaven, Germany). The baseline surface hardness and roughness measurements were carried out after 24 h. The composite samples were randomly distributed into one of the two groups; brushing and non-brushing, which were further divided into one of the four subgroups (n = 10); artificial saliva as control, coffee, red wine, and soft drink. In the non-brushing group, the specimens were immersed in the different beverages for five minutes three times daily for 30 days. The same procedure was done for the brushing group, in addition to brushing the specimens for five seconds. The surface hardness and roughness measurements were repeated after 30 days. One-way ANOVA and independent t-tests were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS The soft drink had the most deteriorating effect and artificial saliva had the least. The change in surface properties was higher in the brushing subgroups. Grandio exhibited a higher change in surface microhardness while Admira fusion exhibited a higher change in surface roughness. CONCLUSIONS The surface properties of both dental resin composites were negatively affected by using beverages and brushing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamia M Elmalawany
- Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain-Shams University, African Union Organization Street, Abbasia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
| | - Dina A El-Refai
- Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain-Shams University, African Union Organization Street, Abbasia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Ghada A Alian
- Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain-Shams University, African Union Organization Street, Abbasia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
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Aboalnaga AA, Shahawi AME. Comparison of surface roughness and hardness of three different brands of esthetic coated NiTi archwires: invitro study. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:816. [PMID: 37898800 PMCID: PMC10613377 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03497-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of the current in vitro study was to evaluate the surface roughness and hardness of three brands of as-received esthetic coated NiTi archwires and compare them with the same parameters after immersion in artificial saliva. METHODS Three groups of 0.016 × 0.022 inch epoxy-coated NiTi orthodontic wires [Tooth tone coated NiTi (Ortho Technology, West Columbia, USA), EverWhite NiTi (American Orthodontics, Wisconsin, USA) and Nitanium Super Elastic Tooth Tone Plastic coated (Ortho Organizers, San Marcos, CA, USA)] were compared. Each group was subdivided into five as-received archwire specimens and five archwire specimens retrieved following immersion in artificial saliva for 28 days. Atomic force microscopy was used for analysis of average surface roughness (Sa). Hardness testing was performed using Digital Vickers hardness tester. ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used for comparing the wire groups. RESULTS The ranking of (Sa) values was as follows: Nitanium Ortho Organizers > Everwhite American Orthodontics > Tooth tone Ortho Technology (P > 0.05). Nitanium Ortho Organizers archwires showed significantly greater (Sa) than both other groups following immersion in saliva (P < 0.001). The coating hardness of as-received and post-immersion archwires from Tooth tone Ortho Technology was significantly lower than the other groups (P < 0.001). For all the three types of archwires, the mean hardness of immersed wires was significantly lower than that of the as-received archwires (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Esthetic coated archwires have shown unpleasant surface changes following exposure to artificial saliva. These surface changes are affected by physical characteristics such as surface roughness and hardness of the coating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira A Aboalnaga
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Amal M El Shahawi
- Restorative and Dental Materials Department, Oral and Dental Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
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Lee WJ, Jo YH, Yilmaz B, Yoon HI. Effect of build angle, resin layer thickness and viscosity on the surface properties and microbial adhesion of denture bases manufactured using digital light processing. J Dent 2023; 137:104608. [PMID: 37433380 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate differences in the surface properties and microbial adhesion of denture base resins for digital light processing (DLP) with varying resin layer thicknesses (LT), build angles (BA), and resin viscosities. METHODS Two denture base resins for DLP with different viscosities (high and low) were used to prepare disk specimens applying two manufacturing parameters: 1) LT (50 or 100 μm) and 2) BA (0-, 45-, and 90-degree). Surface roughness and contact angle values were measured on the test surfaces (n=10 per group). Streptococcus oralis and Candida albicans absorbance was measured to assess microorganism attachment (n=6 per group). A three-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted, considering the main effects and their interactions (viscosity, LT, and BA). Post-hoc multiple pairwise comparisons were performed. All data were analyzed at a level of significance (P) of 0.05. RESULTS LT and BA significantly affected the surface roughness and contact angle of the specimens, depending on resin viscosity (P<.001). Absorbance measurement showed no significant interaction between the three factors (P>.05). However, significant interactions were observed between viscosity and BA (P<.05) and between LT and BA (P<.05). CONCLUSIONS Regardless of the viscosity and LT, discs with a 0-degree BA showed the least roughness. High-viscosity specimens fabricated with a 0-degree BA had the lowest contact angle. Regardless of the LT and viscosity, discs with a 0-degree BA showed the lowest S. oralis attachment. Attachment of C. albicans was the least on the disk with 50 μm LT, irrespective of the viscosity. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Clinicians should consider the effects of LT and BA on surface roughness, contact angle, and microbial adhesion of DLP-generated dentures, which can differ depending on resin viscosity. A 50 μm LT and 0-degree BA can be used with a high-viscosity resin to fabricate denture bases with less microbial adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Jun Lee
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye-Hyeon Jo
- Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Burak Yilmaz
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Division of Restorative and Prosthetic Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Hyung-In Yoon
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
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Alzahrani B, Alshabib A, Awliya W. Surface hardness and flexural strength of dual-cured bulk-fill restorative materials after solvent storage. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:306. [PMID: 37208664 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03047-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to evaluate the surface hardness (VHN) and biaxial flexural strength (BFS) of dual-cured bulk-fill restorative materials after solvent storage. METHODS Two dual-cured bulk-fill composites (Surefil One® and Activa™ Bioactive), a light-cured bulk-fill composite (Filtek One Bulk-Fill) and a resin-modified glass ionomer (Fuji II LC) were investigated. Surefil One and Activa were used in the dual-cure mode, all materials were handled according to manufacturer's instructions. For VHN determination, 12 specimens were prepared from each material and measured after 1 h (baseline), 1 d, 7 d and 30 d of storage in either water or 75% ethanol-water. For BFS test, 120 specimens were prepared (n = 30/material) and stored in water for either 1, 7 or 30 d before testing. Repeated measures MANOVA, two-way and one-way ANOVA followed by the Tukey post hoc test (p ≤ 0.05) were used to analyze the data. RESULTS Filtek One had the highest VHN, while Activa had the lowest. All materials exhibited a significant increase in VHN after 1d of storage in water, except for Surefil One. After 30 d of storage, VHN increased significantly in water except for Activa, while ethanol storage caused a significant time-dependent reduction in all tested materials (p ≤ 0.05). Filtek One showed the highest BFS values (p ≤ 0.05). All the materials, except for Fuji II LC, exhibited no significant differences between 1 and 30 d BFS measurements (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Dual-cured materials had significantly lower VHN and BFS compared to the light-cured bulk-fill material. The low results of Activa VHN and Surefil One BFS, indicate that these materials should not be recommended in posterior stress-bearing areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bashayer Alzahrani
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abdulrahman Alshabib
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wedad Awliya
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Yu F, Liu B, Lyu C, Wang X, Song Z, Ma X, Fu L, Rao N. Evaluating the effect of preheating on resin composites in pit-and-fissure caries treatments with a digital intraoral scanner. Dent Mater 2023:S0109-5641(23)00068-4. [PMID: 37088588 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2023.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of preheating on the microleakage and surface hardness of resin composites in the treatment of pit-and-fissure caries with various widths, as measured by an intraoral scanner. METHODS A total of 153 L-shaped cavities with different widths (1 mm, 1.6 mm and 2 mm) were prepared on the buccal or palatal/lingual surfaces of human molars. The cavities were measured in three dimensions by a TRIOS scanner and then filled with various resins (room temperature Z350 flowable resin and room temperature and 60 ℃ Z350 universal resin). Microleakage and gap formation at 2 sites were evaluated by stereomicroscopy and scanning electron microscope. Resin samples were prepared, and the top surface Vickers hardness (VHNtop) of all samples was measured at 1 day and 30 days postirradiation. RESULTS No difference were observed in the 3D scans for the cavities sizes among groups with the same width. For the 1 mm-wide cavity, the lowest microleakage was obtained with the flowable group; for the 1.6 mm-wide cavity, the nonpreheating universal group showed the highest microleakage at site 1, and the preheating group exhibited lower microleakage than that of the nonpreheating universal group at site 2; and for the 2 mm-wide cavity, the preheating group presented lower microleakage at site 2. The gap formations were consistent with the microleakage degrees. The preheating group exhibited the highest VHNtop at 1 day and 30 days postirradiation. SIGNIFICANCE A digital intraoral scanner could be used to scan the cavities in three dimensions. Preheating technology could reduce the microleakage of Z350 universal resin and enhance its surface hardness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yu
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Kunming Medical University, 1088 Haiyuan Middle Road, Gaoxin District, Kunming 650106, China.
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Kunming Medical University, 1088 Haiyuan Middle Road, Gaoxin District, Kunming 650106, China.
| | - Changhai Lyu
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Kunming Medical University, 1088 Haiyuan Middle Road, Gaoxin District, Kunming 650106, China.
| | - Xiaotong Wang
- Department of Oral Emergency Department, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun Avenue South, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Zijun Song
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Kunming Medical University, 1088 Haiyuan Middle Road, Gaoxin District, Kunming 650106, China.
| | - Xueting Ma
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Kunming Medical University, 1088 Haiyuan Middle Road, Gaoxin District, Kunming 650106, China.
| | - Lilin Fu
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Kunming Medical University, 1088 Haiyuan Middle Road, Gaoxin District, Kunming 650106, China.
| | - Nanquan Rao
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Kunming Medical University, 1088 Haiyuan Middle Road, Gaoxin District, Kunming 650106, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Kunming Medical University, 1168 Chunrong West Road, Chenggong District, Kunming 650500, China.
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Babanouri N, Sarbaz M, Alamdarloo Y, Haghighat M, Ajami S. Comparison of the mechanical properties and surface topography of as-received and as-retrieved Copper-Nickel-Titanium arch wires: An ex-vivo study. Int Orthod 2023; 21:100720. [PMID: 36565514 DOI: 10.1016/j.ortho.2022.100720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIM The mechanical and surface characteristics of Copper NiTi wires following intraoral aging in an important topic. This ex-vivo study is designed to assess the three most important mechanical properties; torsional stiffness, 3-point bending and surface hardness of the as-received Copper NiTi orthodontic archwires and compare them to the retrieved ones. MATERIAL AND METHODS In this study, 50 round CuNiTi (0.016 inch) and 50 rectangular (0.018×0.025 inch) CuNiTi orthodontic wires (American Orthodontics, Tanzo Copper Nickel Titanium, Sheboygan, WI) were tested. The groups were as follow: 25 as-received 0.016 inch round CuNiTi archwires (group 1), 25 as-retrieved 0.016 inch round CuNiTi archwires (group 2), 25 as-received 0.018×0.025 inch rectangular CuNiTi archwires (group 3), and 25 as-retrieved 0.018×0.025 inch rectangular CuNiTi archwires (group 4). The physical properties of all of the samples were examined using Vickers hardness, bending and torsional tests. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was applied to assess the normal distribution of data. An independent t-test was used to compare the variables between the groups. RESULTS The results showed that the hardness does not significantly differ between the as-received and as-retrieved archwires in both 0.016 and 0.018×0.025 inch archwires (P< 0.05). The bending test of the round wires showed that the values of the activation forces in the as-received ones were significantly higher than those of the as-retrieved (P=0.00). The torsional and bending test results of rectangular wires showed that the amounts of forces exerted from the as-retrieved archwires were significantly higher than the new archwires (P=0.00). CONCLUSIONS Round CuNiTi archwires could be retied in the succeeding visits. However, the bending activation that declines significantly should be took into consideration. On the other hand, since bending and torsion activation of CuNiTi rectangular archwires increased after intraoral use, these wires should be retied cautiously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Babanouri
- Orthodontic Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, School of Dentistry, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Sarbaz
- Orthodontic Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, School of Dentistry, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Yasaman Alamdarloo
- Orthodontic Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, School of Dentistry, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Meisam Haghighat
- Orthodontic Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, School of Dentistry, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Shabnam Ajami
- Orthodontic Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, School of Dentistry, Shiraz, Iran.
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Tanthanuch S, Kukiattrakoon B, Thongsroi T, Saesaw P, Pongpaiboon N, Saewong S. In vitro surface and color changes of tooth-colored restorative materials after sport and energy drink cyclic immersions. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:578. [PMID: 36494665 PMCID: PMC9733074 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02624-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There has not been any research conducted on surface properties and color changes from sport and energy drinks on bulk-fill resin composite, nanohybrid resin composite and glass ionomer restorative material. The aim of this in vitro study was to investigate the effect of sport and energy drinks on surface hardness, roughness and color changes of bulk-fill resin composite, nanohybrid resin composite and glass ionomer restorative material, and to also evaluate the acidity and titratable acidity of the drinks. METHODS One hundred and forty-seven specimens of each tooth-colored restorative material were prepared in a polytetrafluoroethylene mold (10 mm. in diameter and 2 mm. in thickness). Before immersion, baseline data of hardness, roughness, and color value were recorded. Each material was divided into 3 groups for sport drink, energy drink, and deionized water (serving as a control). The specimens were immersed in a storage agent for 5 s, then in artificial saliva for 5 s alternately for 24 cycles, and then stored in artificial saliva for 24 h. The immersion cycle was repeated for 14 days and hardness, roughness and color values were measured at 7 and 14 days. RESULTS After immersion, the glass ionomer restorative material had statistically less hardness, more roughness and more color changes than the others (P < 0.05). Energy drink groups statistically caused more surface and color changes than sport drink groups (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Sport and energy drinks affected hardness, roughness, and color changes in all the tooth-colored restorative materials evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saijai Tanthanuch
- grid.7130.50000 0004 0470 1162Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla Thailand
| | - Boonlert Kukiattrakoon
- grid.7130.50000 0004 0470 1162Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla Thailand
| | - Thanyathorn Thongsroi
- grid.7130.50000 0004 0470 1162Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla Thailand
| | - Premkamol Saesaw
- grid.7130.50000 0004 0470 1162Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla Thailand
| | - Naphat Pongpaiboon
- grid.7130.50000 0004 0470 1162Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla Thailand
| | - Supharadee Saewong
- grid.7130.50000 0004 0470 1162Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla Thailand
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Tanthanuch S, Kukiattrakoon B, Naiyanart C, Promtong T, Yothinwatthanabamrung P, Pumpua S. Effect of Mouthwashes for COVID-19 Prevention on Surface Changes of Resin Composites. Int Dent J 2022:S0020-6539(22)00230-1. [PMID: 36443136 PMCID: PMC9581797 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2022.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of various mouthwashes for COVID-19 prevention on surface hardness, roughness, and colour changes of bulk-fill and conventional resin composites and determine the pH and titratable acidity of mouthwashes. METHODS Four hundred eighty specimens were fabricated in cylindrical moulds (10 mm in diameter and 2 mm in thickness). Before immersion, baseline data of surface hardness, roughness, and colour values were recorded. Each product of specimens (Filtek Z350XT, Premise, Filtek One Bulk Fill Restorative, SonicFil 2) were divided into 4 groups for 0.2% povidone iodine, 1% hydrogen peroxide, 0.12% chlorhexidine, and deionised water (serving as a control). The specimens were immersed in mouthwashes for 1 minute and then stored in artificial saliva until 24 hours. This process was repeated for 14 days. After immersion, surface hardness, roughness, and colour values of specimens were measured at 7 and 14 days. The data were statistically analysed by 2-way repeated analysis of variance, Tukey honestly significant difference, and t test (P < .05). RESULTS After immersion, all mouthwashes caused significantly lower surface hardness and greater roughness and colour values (P < .05) on all resin composites tested. CONCLUSIONS Mouthwashes had an effect on all resin composites evaluated leading to a significant decreased surface hardness and an increased roughness and colour values (P < .05).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Boonlert Kukiattrakoon
- Corresponding author. Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Kanchanavanich Road, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand
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Fouda SM, Gad MM, Abualsaud R, Ellakany P, AlRumaih HS, Khan SQ, Akhtar S, Al-Qarni FD, Al-Harbi FA. Flexural Properties and Hardness of CAD-CAM Denture Base Materials. J Prosthodont 2022; 32:318-324. [PMID: 35567362 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare flexural strength, elastic modulus, and surface hardness of CAD-CAM milled, 3D-printed, and heat-polymerized denture base resins. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 120 specimens were fabricated from heat-polymerized acrylic resin (HP), milled resin (Avadent and IvoCad), and 3D-printed resin (ASIGA, FormLabs, and NextDent). The specimens were divided into 6 groups according to the type of denture base material n = 20/material, (10/flexural properties and 10/hardness). Flexural strength and elastic modulus of the specimens were evaluated by 3-point bending test and surface hardness by Vickers hardness test. To test flexural properties, the specimens were fabricated according to ISO 20795-1:2013 standards (64×10×3.3 ±0.2 mm). The dimensions for hardness test were 15×10×2.5 ±0.2 mm. Scanning electron microscope was used to evaluate the surface morphology of the fractured specimens. The means and standard deviations were calculated, followed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc test (α = 0.05). RESULTS Milled resins showed significantly higher values for flexural strength, elastic modulus, and surface hardness, followed by HP then 3D-printed resins (P<0.001). In between milled groups, flexural strength of AvaDent was significantly higher than IvoCad (P<0.001), while elastic modulus and hardness didn't show significant difference. In between 3D-printed resins, ASIGA showed the highest flexural strength and elastic modulus, insignificantly with FormLabs (P = 0.595) and significantly with NextDent (P = 0.008). ASIGA also showed significantly the highest hardness among the 3D-printed groups. No significant difference was found between FormLabs and NextDent flexural strength (P = 0.357), elastic modulus (P = 1.00) and surface hardness (P = 0.987). CONCLUSION CAD-CAM milled resins had greater flexural properties and hardness compared to heat-polymerized acrylic resin and 3D-printed resins. Although 3D-printed samples showed the lowest values of tested properties, the flexural strength and modulus were above the clinically acceptable values. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaimaa M Fouda
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed M Gad
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem Abualsaud
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Passent Ellakany
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamad S AlRumaih
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soban Q Khan
- Department of Clinical Affairs, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan Akhtar
- Department of Biomedical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal D Al-Qarni
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad A Al-Harbi
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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Ongtrakulkij G, Khantachawana A, Kajornchaiyakul J, Kondoh K. Effects of the secondary shot in the double shot peening process on the residual compressive stress distribution of Ti-6Al-4V. Heliyon 2022; 8:e08758. [PMID: 35071817 PMCID: PMC8762398 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e08758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Double shot peening is the development of shot peening by shooting large media as a first shot and re-shooting again with smaller media as a second shot in order to achieve high residual compressive stress and hardness at the surface, while the in-depth effect can still be maintained. This research aims to examine the effect of media type and media size when used in the second shot of double shot peening on hardness, roughness, and residual stress to identify the suitable conditions and compare them with single shot peening, such as conventional shot peening and fine shot peening, which was used as the first shot and second shot. Ti–6Al–4V was used as the substrate material, while various diameter sizes of silica and SUS304 media were selected as the media for the second shot in the process. The results showed that in the case of the larger size of silica media in the second shot of double shot peening, the hardness and residual compressive stress on the surface clearly increased more than with the smaller media due to the higher Almen intensity, which affected impact energy. On the other hand, when shooting with SUS304 media as a second shot, the increment of residual compressive stress and hardness, including roughness reduction on the surface, showed less effect than was the case for silica media, due to the lower Almen intensity, which affected the impact energy transfer. This research found that the condition of shooting with 80 μm of silica media as the second shot could generate the highest hardness and residual compressive stress on the surface, which increased by 14% and 53%, respectively, while roughness was decreased by 20% when compared with single shot peening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goratouch Ongtrakulkij
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Anak Khantachawana
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Bangkok, Thailand
- Biological Engineering Program, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Bangkok, Thailand
- Corresponding author.
| | - Julathep Kajornchaiyakul
- National Metal and Materials Technology Center (MTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Katsuyoshi Kondoh
- Department of Composite Materials Processing, Joining and Welding Research Institute, Osaka University, 11-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki City, Osaka, Japan
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11
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Abstract
Purpose: The objective of this study was to determine whether the addition of different types
of boron (Borax, Boric Acid and Colemanite) to polymethyl methacrylate denture
base resin would improve flexural and impact strengths, and surface hardness of
polymethyl methacrylate. Materials and methods: Borax, Boric acid, Colemanite were added to heat polymerized polymethyl
methacrylate specimens were prepared for flexural strength (65x10x2.5 mm),
impact strength (50x6x4 mm), and hardness (20x6x4 mm) tests according to the
manufacturers’ instructions (n=10). To determine flexural strength of the specimens,
they were loaded until failure on a universal testing machine using a three point
bending test. Specimens were subjected to the Charpy impact test machine.
Hardness of the specimens was measured with an analog shoremeter Shore D. The
data were analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests (α=0.05). Results: The highest mean flexural strength value was seen in 3% Borax group and followed
by 1% Colemanite group. In addition, the highest mean impact strength value was
recorded in 1% Colemanite group, and differences between 1% Colemanite group
and control group were found to be statistically significant (p=0,001). Furthermore,
there was significant difference in hardness between control group and all other
groups (p<0.001). Conclusion: The addition of 1% Colemanite to polymethyl methacrylate improved the
mechanical properties of PMMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Kemal Ozdemir
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry,Trakya University, Edirne,Turkey
| | - Derya Ozdemir Dogan
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry,Cumhuriyet University, Sivas,Turkey
| | - Faik Tugut
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry,Cumhuriyet University, Sivas,Turkey
| | - Hakan Demir
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry,Cumhuriyet University, Sivas,Turkey
| | - Hakan Akin
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry,Sakarya University, Sakarya,Turkey
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Kumpanich J, Eiampongpaiboon T, Kanchanavasita W, Chitmongkolsuk S, Puripattanavong J. Effect of Piper betle extract on anti-candidal activity, gelation time, and surface hardness of a short-term soft lining material. Dent Mater J 2020; 39:1016-1021. [PMID: 32727964 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2019-314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate anti-candidal activity, gelation time, and surface hardness of a short-term soft lining material incorporated with varying concentrations of Piper betle extract (0.25 to 20% w/w). Agar-diffusion assay was conducted to evaluate an inhibitory effect against Candida albicans. The gelation time was assessed and surface hardness was measured at 2 h and 7 days by Shore AO durometer. A soft liner containing at least 5% w/w of P. betle extract was observed the inhibitory effect against C. albicans. An increasing of P. betle concentrations provided larger inhibition zone. Incorporating 5% w/w of P. betle extract into the soft liner did not significantly alter its gelation time and surface hardness (ANOVA; p>0.05). The optimum composition at 5% w/w of P. betle extract can be used as an additive in the soft liner to provide the anti-candidal activity without significantly affect these two main properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jindaporn Puripattanavong
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University
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13
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Zakizade M, Davoudi A, Akhavan A, Shirban F. Effect of Resin Infiltration Technique on Improving Surface Hardness of Enamel Lesions: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Evid Based Dent Pract 2020; 20:101405. [PMID: 32473796 DOI: 10.1016/j.jebdp.2020.101405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE White spot lesion (WSL) is recognized as the first clinical sign of enamel caries; it is a very critical phase because it can be prevented from progression to frank caries by changing the surrounding destructive environment. The present study was undertaken to systematically review the effect of resin infiltration (RI) technique on surface hardness (SH) of WSL. METHODS Five electronic databases were searched with proper key words. Related titles and abstracts, up to October 2018, were screened, selected, and subjected to quality assessments. After collecting data, meta-analyses were carried out to compare the effect of RI with untreated WSL and sound enamel by using the STATA software. RESULTS A total of 4567 articles were included in the study after initial search. Finally, 10 studies were reliable enough in methodology to be included in the study. Metadata analyses, carried out on 7 studies that compared SH of RI group with untreated samples, showed a significant increase in SH with 3.66 mean difference (95% confidence interval = 2.56‒4.77, Q value = 36.07, I2 = 83.4%). However, meta-analysis on 4 studies that compared SH of RI with sound enamel showed a significant decrease in SH with -2.35 overall mean difference (95% confidence interval = -3.91-0.98, P = .00, Q value = 31.75, I2 = 90.6%). CONCLUSION The RI technique can enhance SH of WSL; however, regaining the SH of RI-treated WSLs similar to sound enamel is doubtful. Application of RI is more effective than other methods, including application of fluoride, enamel pro-varnish, adhesive, and colloidal silica infiltration for enhancing SH of WSLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrnaz Zakizade
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental School, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Amin Davoudi
- Dental Implants Research Center, Department of Prosthodontics, Dental School, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Ali Akhavan
- Dental Materials Research Center, Department of Endodontics, Dental School, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Farinaz Shirban
- Dental Research Center, Department of Orthodontics, Dental School, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Alshabib A, Silikas N, Watts DC. Hardness and fracture toughness of resin-composite materials with and without fibers. Dent Mater 2019; 35:1194-1203. [PMID: 31176452 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2019.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the surface micro-hardness (VHN) and fracture toughness (KIC) of resin-composites, with and without incorporated short fibers, after solvent storage. METHODS Three resin-composites incorporating fibers, additional to particle reinforcement, were examined: everX™, NovoPro Fill™ and NovoPro Flow™. Four composites were used as controls, with only particle reinforcement: Filtek bulk Fill™, Filtek bulk one™, Filtek XTE™, and Filtek Flow XTE™. For hardness measurement, materials were cured in 2mm thick molds for 20s by a LED source of average irradiance 1.2W/cm2. Specimens (n=6/group) were stored dry for 1h and then in either water or 75% ethanol/water for 1h, 1 day and 30 days at 37±1°C. Vickers hardness was measured under a load of 300g for 15s. For fracture toughness (KIC) measurements, single-edge-notched specimens (n=6/group) were prepared: (32×6×3mm) for 3-point bending and stored for 1 and 7 days in water at 37°C. Fractured surfaces of fiber-reinforced composite were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). VHN data were analyzed using three-way ANOVA, one-way ANOVA and the Tukey post hoc test (p≤0.05). KIC data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and one-way ANOVA and the Tukey post hoc test (p≤0.05). An independent t-test was used to detect differences (α=0.05) in KIC between stored groups for each material. RESULTS VHN decreased for all composites with storage time in both solvents, but more appreciably in 75% ethanol/water (an average of 20%). KIC ranged from 2.14 (everX Posterior) to 0.96 NovoPro Flow) MPa.m0.5. The longer storage period (7 days) had no significant effect on this property relative to 1 day storage. SIGNIFICANCE Reinforcement with short fibers, and possibly matrix compositional differences, significantly enhanced the fracture toughness of EVX. However, for nano-fiber containing composites, there were no evident beneficial effects upon either their fracture toughness or hardness compared to a range of control composites. Water storage for 7 days of all these resin-composites produced no significant change in their KIC values, relative to 1 day storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman Alshabib
- School of Medical Sciences, Division of Dentistry, University of Manchester, UK; Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nick Silikas
- School of Medical Sciences, Division of Dentistry, University of Manchester, UK.
| | - David C Watts
- School of Medical Sciences, Division of Dentistry, University of Manchester, UK.
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Ehrmann E, Medioni E, Brulat-Bouchard N. Finishing and polishing effects of multiblade burs on the surface texture of 5 resin composites: microhardness and roughness testing. Restor Dent Endod 2018; 44:e1. [PMID: 30834223 PMCID: PMC6387893 DOI: 10.5395/rde.2019.44.e1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The aim of this in vitro study was to test the effect of 2 finishing–polishing sequences (QB, combining a 12/15-fluted finishing bur and an EVO-Light polisher; QWB, adding a 30-fluted polishing bur after the 12/15-fluted finishing bur used in the QB sequence) on 5 nanotech-based resin composites (Filtek Z500, Ceram X Mono, Ceram X Duo, Tetric Evoceram, and Tetric Evoceram Bulk Fill) by comparing their final surface roughness and hardness values to those of a Mylar strip control group (MS). Materials and Methods Twelve specimens of each nanocomposite were prepared in Teflon moulds. The surface of each resin composite was finished with QB (5 samples), QWB (5 samples), or MS (2 samples), and then evaluated (60 samples). Roughness was analysed with an optical profilometer, microhardness was tested with a Vickers indenter, and the surfaces were examined by optical and scanning electron microscopy. Data were analysed using the Kruskal-Wallis test (p < 0.05) followed by the Dunn test. Results For the hardness and roughness of nanocomposite resin, the QWB sequence was significantly more effective than QB (p < 0.05). The Filtek Z500 showed significantly harder surfaces regardless of the finishing–polishing sequence (p < 0.05). Conclusions QWB yielded the best values of surface roughness and hardness. The hardness and roughness of the 5 nanocomposites presented less significant differences when QWB was used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Ehrmann
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France.,Pôle Odontologie, CHU Nice Saint Roch, Nice, France.,Micoralis Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France
| | - Etienne Medioni
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France.,Pôle Odontologie, CHU Nice Saint Roch, Nice, France.,Micoralis Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France
| | - Nathalie Brulat-Bouchard
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France.,Pôle Odontologie, CHU Nice Saint Roch, Nice, France.,MINES ParisTech, PSL Research University, Centre de Mise en Forme des Matériaux (CEMEF), French National Centre for Scientific Research, Sophia Antipolis, France
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16
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Zhu L, Guan Y, Lin J, Zhai J, Xie Z. A nanocrystalline-amorphous mixed layer obtained by ultrasonic shot peening on pure titanium at room temperature. Ultrason Sonochem 2018; 47:68-74. [PMID: 29908608 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2018.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2017] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A nanocrystalline-amorphous (NC-A) mixed layer was obtained by ultrasonic shot peening (USP) on pure titanium at room temperature and observed by X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM). The results showed that the amorphization percentage in the NC-A mixed layer increased continuously with the increase of the peening duration, shot diameter and sonotrode amplitude or the decrease of the peening distance. The maximum amorphization percentage achieved in this study was 44.09%. Moreover, with the amorphization percentage in the NC-A mixed layer increasing, the surface hardness increased constantly. Base on the experimental results, the amorphization mechanism during USP treatment was also analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China.
| | - Yanjin Guan
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China.
| | - Jun Lin
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China.
| | - Jiqiang Zhai
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China.
| | - Zhendong Xie
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China.
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Ayman AD. The residual monomer content and mechanical properties of CAD\CAM resins used in the fabrication of complete dentures as compared to heat cured resins. Electron Physician 2017; 9:4766-4772. [PMID: 28894533 PMCID: PMC5586991 DOI: 10.19082/4766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The utilization of computer-assisted designing and computer-assisted milling CAD\CAM resins in the fabrication of removable prostheses is a modern-day concept that offers many advantages over the use of the traditional polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA). Aim This study instigated some of the mechanical properties of CAD\CAM denture base resin including the amount of residual monomer. Methods This study was conducted at the Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University from October 2016 to February 2017. A total of seventy rectangular specimens were fabricated (group A: 35 heat-cured PMMA and group B: 35 CAD/CAM pre-polymerized acrylic resin blocks). The flexural strength and surface hardness were tested while the residual monomer content at baseline, two-day and seven-day intervals was estimated using gas chromatography (GC). Means and standard deviations were determined for each group as well as independent-samples t-test and ANOVA with repeated measures for comparison between the groups and subgroups of varying time intervals. Results Heat cured PMMA (A), displayed higher flexural strength and low value flexural modulus compared to CAD/CAM acrylic resin denture base material (B). Student t-test indicated highly significant differences (p<0.001) of the flexural strength (t=37.911) and flexural modulus (t=88.559). The surface hardness of group (B) was significantly higher compared to group (A) as indicated by the t-test (t=20.430). Higher release of the monomer content was detected by GC in group (A) at different time intervals with a statistically significant difference (p<0.001) in residual monomer content. Conclusion CAD/CAM resin may be considered suitable for use in the construction of denture bases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Al-Dharrab Ayman
- Ph.D., Associate Professor & Consultant in Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Aziznezhad M, Alaghemand H, Shahande Z, Pasdar N, Bijani A, Eslami A, Dastan Z. Comparison of the effect of resin infiltrant, fluoride varnish, and nano-hydroxy apatite paste on surface hardness and streptococcus mutans adhesion to artificial enamel lesions. Electron Physician 2017; 9:3934-3942. [PMID: 28461867 PMCID: PMC5407225 DOI: 10.19082/3934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Dental caries is a major public health problem, and Streptococcus mutans is considered the main causal agent of dental caries. This study aimed to compare the effect of three re-mineralizing materials: resin infiltrant, fluoride varnish, and nano-hydroxy apatite paste on the surface hardness and adhesion of Streptococcus mutans as noninvasive treatments for initial enamel lesions. Methods This experimental study was conducted from December 2015 through March 2016 in Babol, Iran. Artificial enamel lesions were created on 60 enamel surfaces, which were divided into two groups: Group A and Group B (30 subjects per group). Group A was divided into three subgroups (10 samples in each subgroup), including fluoride varnish group, nano-hydroxy apatite paste group (Nano P paste), and resin infiltrant group (Icon-resin). In Group A, the surface hardness of each sample was measured in three stages: First, on an intact enamel (baseline); second, after creating artificial enamel lesions; third, after application of re-mineralizing materials. In Group B, the samples were divided into five subgroups, including intact enamel, demineralized enamel, demineralized enamel treated with fluoride varnish, Nano P paste, and Icon-resin. In Group B, standard Streptococcus mutans bacteria adhesion (PTCC 1683) was examined and reported in terms of colony forming units (CFU/ml). Then, data were analyzed using ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney, and post hoc tests. Results In Group A, after treatment with re-mineralizing materials, the Icon-resin group had the highest surface hardness among the studied groups, then the Nano P paste group and fluoride varnish group, respectively (p = 0.035). In Group B, in terms of bacterial adhesion, fluoride varnish group had zero bacterial adhesion level, and then the Nano P paste group, Icon-resin group, intact enamel group, and the de-mineralized enamel group showed bacterial adhesion increasing in order (p < 0.001). Conclusion According to the study among the examined materials, the resin infiltrant increased the tooth surface hardness as the intact enamel and fluoride varnish had the highest reduction level for bacterial adhesion. Nano P paste had an effect between the two materials, both in increasing surface hardness and reducing bacterial adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdiye Aziznezhad
- Postgraduate Student, Dental Materials Research Center, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Homayoon Alaghemand
- Associate Professor, Dental Materials Research Center, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Zahra Shahande
- Academic Member of Laboratorial Sciences Department, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Nilgoon Pasdar
- Assistant Professor, Dental Materials Research Center, Department of Pedodontics, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Ali Bijani
- Social determinants of Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Abdolreza Eslami
- MD, Specialist of Infectious Disease, Infectious Diseases Research Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Zohre Dastan
- MSc, Biochemistry Department, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
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Dionysopoulos D, Tolidis K, Strakas D, Gerasimou P, Sfeikos T, Gutknecht N. Effect of radiant heat on conventional glass ionomer cements during setting by using a blue light diode laser system (445 nm). Lasers Med Sci 2017; 32:703-709. [PMID: 28243818 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-017-2178-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of radiant heat on surface hardness of three conventional glass ionomer cements (GICs) by using a blue diode laser system (445 nm) and a light-emitting diode (LED) unit. Additionally, the safety of the laser treatment was evaluated. Thirty disk-shaped specimens were prepared of each tested GIC (Equia Fil, Ketac Universal Aplicap and Riva Self Cure). The experimental groups (n = 10) of the study were as follows: group 1 was the control group of the study; in group 2, the specimens were irradiated for 60 s at the top surface using a LED light-curing unit; and in group 3, the specimens were irradiated for 60 s at the top surface using a blue light diode laser system (445 nm). Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc tests at a level of significance of a = 0.05. Radiant heat treatments, with both laser and LED devices, increased surface hardness (p < 0.05) but in different extent. Blue diode laser treatment was seemed to be more effective compared to LED treatment. There were no alterations in surface morphology or chemical composition after laser treatment. The tested radiant heat treatment with a blue diode laser may be advantageous for the longevity of GIC restorations. The safety of the use of blue diode laser for this application was confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Dionysopoulos
- Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Kosmas Tolidis
- Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Strakas
- Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Paris Gerasimou
- Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Thrasyvoulos Sfeikos
- Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Norbert Gutknecht
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
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Mohammed HS, Singh S, Hari PA, Amarnath GS, Kundapur V, Pasha N, Anand M. Evaluate the Effect of Commercially Available Denture Cleansers on Surface Hardness and Roughness of Denture Liners at Various Time Intervals. Int J Biomed Sci 2016; 12:130-142. [PMID: 28190983 PMCID: PMC5267624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Chemical cleansing by denture cleansers is first choice for denture plaque control. The most common problems while using denture cleansers are hardening, porosity, odor sorption, water sorption, solubility, and colour change, bacterial and fungal growth. Chemical cleansing procedures have been found to have an effect on the physical and mechanical properties of denture liners. Thus, this study was conducted to evaluate the effect of commercially available denture cleansers on surface hardness and roughness of acrylic and silicon based denture liners at various time interval. METHOD Two autopolymerising denture liners Kooliner (acrylic) and GC reline soft (silicon) were tested with two commercially available denture cleansers, polident and efferdent plus. Total of 120 specimens were prepared and all the specimens were divided into six groups based on the relining materials and denture cleansers used. Surface hardness and surface roughness was tested using Shore A durometer and profilometer respectively at the end of day 1, day 7, day 30 and day 90. All the specimens were stored in artificial saliva throughout the study. Cleanser solution was prepared daily by adding Polident and Efferdent plus denture cleanser tablet into 250ml of enough very warm (not hot) water. Acrylic and silicon liner groups were cleansed in a solution of denture cleanser and water for 15 minutes daily, rinsed with water and stored in artificial saliva at room temperature. The data was analyzed with one way ANOVA and independent t-test. RESULT The acrylic soft lining showed gradual hardening and increase in surface roughness after immersion in denture cleanser and also with time. Acrylic liner material showed maximum hardness and roughness with Polident followed by Efferdent plus and water (control group). Silicone lining material showed a slight difference in hardness and roughness between the test group and control group. There was a slight increase in hardness in all the groups with time. Very slight increase in mean surface roughness of all the silicon liner groups from day 1 to day 90 was observed. A statistically significant change was noted between and within the all silicon liner groups on day 7, day 30 and day 90. CONCLUSION The average surface hardness and surface roughness were lower in silicon liner material than acrylic liner material. Maximum surface roughness was noted by Polident followed by Efferdent Plus and Water for both acrylic liner group and silicon liner group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilal S. Mohammed
- Reader, Department of prosthodontics, M R Ambedkar Demtal college & Hospital, Bangalore, INDIA
| | - Sumeet Singh
- Post graduate student, Department of prosthodontics, M R Ambedkar Demtal college & Hospital, Bangalore, INDIA
| | - Prasad A. Hari
- Reader, Department of prosthodontics, M R Ambedkar Dental College & Hospital, Bangalore, INDIA
| | - G. S. Amarnath
- Professor & HOD, Department of Prosthodontics, M R Ambedkar Dental College & Hospital, Bangalore, INDIA
| | - Vinaya Kundapur
- Senior Lecturer, Departemenrt of prosthodontics, M R Ambedkar Dental College & Hospital, Bangalore, INDIA
| | - Naveed Pasha
- Post graduate student, Department of prosthodontics, M R Ambedkar Demtal college & Hospital, Bangalore, INDIA
| | - M. Anand
- Reader, department of prosthodontics, M R Ambedkar Dental College & Hospital, Bangalore, INDIA
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Khodadadi E, Khafri S, Aziznezhad M. Comparison of Surface Hardness of Various Shades of Twinky Star Colored Compomer Light-cured with QTH and LED Units. Electron Physician 2016; 8:2355-60. [PMID: 27382444 PMCID: PMC4930254 DOI: 10.19082/2355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Colored compomers are a group of restorative materials that were introduced in 2002 to repair primary teeth, and they provide attractive color and ease of use in pediatric dentistry. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of QTH and LED light-curing units on the surface hardness of different colors of Twinky Star compomers. Methods In this experimental study, a composite resin (Z250, 3M, and USA), an ionosit compomer (DMG, Germany) with A3 shade and 8 different Twinky Star colored compomer (Voco, Germany) samples were used. In all, 100 samples were prepared with 10 samples in each group, i.e., 10 Z250 composite resin, 10 ionosit compomers, and 10 Twinky Star compomer samples of each color. The samples were prepared in a 4×4-mm Teflon mold. Half of the samples were light-cured with QTH and the other half with LED units. Then, the surface microhardness was measured by Vickers hardness test. The data were analyzed with IBM-SPSS version 22, using the t-test and ANOVA. Results Two-way ANOVA showed that the mean surface hardness of the compomer samples cured with the QTH unit was significantly higher than that cured with the LED unit (p < 0.001). In each curing unit, surface hardness of some materials exhibited significant differences with the highest hardness being observed in the Z250 composite resin (650.35 ± 56.320) and the lowest hardness being detected in the ionosit compomers (461.10 ± 96.170). One-way ANOVA also showed that, among the different colors of the Twinky Star compomer, the lowest hardness with both units (QTH and LED) was observed in the gold color (214.32 ± 22.026 and 175.116 ± 15.918, respectively). Conclusion The colored compomer and the type of light-curing unit affected the microhardnesses of the surfaces. Different colors of Twinky Star compomers exhibited different surface microhardnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Effat Khodadadi
- DDS. Assistant Professor, Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Babol University of Medical science, Babol, Iran
| | - Soraya Khafri
- Ph.D., Assistant Professor, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Mahdiyeh Aziznezhad
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Babol University of Medical Science, Babol, Iran
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Daifalla LE, Mobarak EH. Effect of ultrasound application during setting on the mechanical properties of high viscous glass-ionomers used for ART restorations. J Adv Res 2015; 6:805-10. [PMID: 26644916 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2014.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2014] [Revised: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of ultrasound application on the surface microhardness (VHN) and diametral tensile strength (DTS) of three high viscous glass-ionomer restorative materials (HVGIRMs). For each test (VHN and DTS), a total of 180 specimens were prepared from three HVGIRMs (Ketac-Molar Aplicap, Fuji IX GP Fast, and ChemFil Rock). Specimens of each material (n = 60) were further subdivided into three subgroups (n = 20) according to the setting modality whether ultrasound (20 or 40 s) was applied during setting or not (control). Specimens within each subgroup were then equally divided (n = 10) and tested at 24 h or 28 days. For the VHN measurement, five indentations, with a 200 g load and a dwell time for 20 s, were made on the top surface of each specimen. The DTS test was done using Lloyd Testing machine at a cross-head speed of 0.5 mm/min. Ultrasound application had no significant effect on the VHN. Fuji IX GP Fast revealed the highest VHN value, followed by Ketac-Molar Aplicap, and the least was recorded for ChemFil Rock. Fuji IX GP Fast and Ketac-Molar Aplicap VHN values were significantly increased by time. ChemFil Rock recorded the highest DTS value at 24 h and was the only material that showed significant improvement with both US application times. However, this improvement did not sustain till 28 days. The ultrasound did not enhance the surface microhardness, but its positive effect on the diametral tensile strength values was material and time dependent.
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Shiozawa M, Takahashi H, Iwasaki N, Wada T, Uo M. Effect of immersion time of restorative glass ionomer cements and immersion duration in calcium chloride solution on surface hardness. Dent Mater 2014; 30:e377-83. [PMID: 25193782 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2014.08.366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2013] [Revised: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of immersion time of restorative glass ionomer cements (GICs) and immersion duration in calcium chloride (CaCl2) solution on the surface hardness. METHODS Two high-viscosity GICs, Fuji IX GP and GlasIonomer FX-II, were selected. Forty-eight specimens were randomly divided into two groups. Sixty minutes after being mixed, half of them were immersed in a 42.7wt% CaCl2 solution for 10, 30, or 60min (Group 1); the remaining specimens were immersed after an additional 1-week of storage (Group 2). The surface hardness of the specimens was measured and analyzed with two-way ANOVA and the Tukey HSD test (α=0.05). The surface compositions were examined using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. RESULTS The surface hardness of Group 1 significantly increased as the immersion duration in CaCl2 increased; that of Group 2 significantly increased only after 60-minute CaCl2 immersion. After CaCl2 immersion, the amounts of Ca increased as the immersion duration increased. The surface hardness after CaCl2 immersion significantly correlated with the amount of Ca in Group 1, but not in Group 2. The binding energy of the Ca2p peak was similar to that of calcium polyalkenoate. These findings indicated that the Ca ions from the CaCl2 solution created chemical bonds with the carboxylic acid groups in the cement matrix. SIGNIFICANCE Immersion of GICs in CaCl2 solution at the early stage of setting was considered to enhance the formation of the polyacid salt matrix; as a result, the surface hardness increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maho Shiozawa
- Removable Partial Prosthodontics, Department of Masticatory Function Rehabilitation, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Takahashi
- Oral Biomaterials Engineering, Course of Oral Health Engineering, School of Oral Health Care Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Naohiko Iwasaki
- Oral Biomaterials Engineering, Course of Oral Health Engineering, School of Oral Health Care Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Wada
- Advanced Biomaterials, Department of Restorative Sciences, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motohiro Uo
- Advanced Biomaterials, Department of Restorative Sciences, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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Pahuja RK, Garg S, Bansal S, Dang RH. Effect of denture cleansers on surface hardness of resilient denture liners at various time intervals- an in vitro study. J Adv Prosthodont 2013; 5:270-7. [PMID: 24049568 PMCID: PMC3774941 DOI: 10.4047/jap.2013.5.3.270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2013] [Revised: 07/08/2013] [Accepted: 07/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was aimed to determine the effect of two chemically distinct denture cleansers and water on the surface hardness of acrylic and silicone based soft denture liners at various time intervals. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two commonly used commercial resilient liner material were selected based on their chemical composition (silicone- and acrylic-based soft liners) for this investigation. 120 cylindrical specimens were made of 15 mm × 10 mm dimensions (according to ASTM: D-2240-64T) in a custom made metal mold. All specimens were stored in artificial saliva throughout the study. Forty specimens were cleansed daily in 0.5% sodium hypochlorite solution; forty were cleansed in sodium perborate and remaining forty specimens were daily rinsed in water. Testing was done at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months for surface hardness using a Shore A Durometer. A mean of 3 reading for each sample was subjected to one-way ANOVA, Post Hoc test and pair-t test for statistical analysis. P values of less than 0.05 were taken as statistically significant. RESULTS Surface hardness of all the samples was significantly higher after a period of 6 months irrespective of the cleansing treatment. Minor changes were observed between control, sodium hypochlorite and sodium perborate groups with time. Greater change was observed in surface hardness of acrylic-based soft denture liners as compared to silicone-based soft liners for all groups, as time progressed. CONCLUSION Silicone-based soft denture liners performed significantly better in all cleansing treatments than acrylic-based soft denture liners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasleen Kaur Pahuja
- Department of Prosthodontics, Post Graduation Student, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Mullana, Ambala, India
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Taher NM, Alkhamis HA, Dowaidi SM. The influence of resin infiltration system on enamel microhardness and surface roughness: An in vitro study. Saudi Dent J 2011; 24:79-84. [PMID: 23960533 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2011.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2011] [Revised: 09/25/2011] [Accepted: 10/22/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of a resin infiltrant on the surface microhardness and roughness of healthy enamel and, as a subsidiary aim, to compare it with a fissure sealant. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty freshly extracted premolars were used. Sound enamel surfaces were treated with a resin infiltrant (Icon) or fissure sealant (Seal-Rite). The average roughness (R a, μm) of the specimens was measured with a profilometer (Surtronic 10 Tylor Hobson). Surface hardness was determined by utilizing Vicker's surface hardness (VHN) with a Micromet II Microhardness tester. Each specimen acted as its own control. Data were analyzed with 2-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and mean values were compared with independent t-test. All analyses were performed with the SPSS program version 16 (USA). Differences with a P-value of ⩽0.05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS Comparison of enamel surfaces before and after application of resin infiltrant revealed no significant differences in surface hardness; however, enamel surfaces treated by infiltrant showed significantly higher VHN (244.0 ± 79.8) values than those treated with fissure sealant (37.5 ± 14.2). Surface roughness did not differ before and after application of either material to sound enamel. Enamel surfaces treated with fissure sealant (5.3 ± 1.4) were significantly smoother than those treated with infiltrant (6.9 ± 2.0). CONCLUSION Within the limitations of the study, the results showed that enamels treated with the resin infiltrant showed approximately the same microhardness and surface roughness as sound enamel, indicating that this material might be suitable for the treatment of enamel subsurface lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Malek Taher
- Division of Operative Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dental Science, College of Dentistry, KSU, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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