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Kalita S, Ohlsson JA, Karlsson Potter H, Nordberg Å, Sandgren M, Hansson PA. Energy performance of compressed biomethane gas production from co-digestion of Salix and dairy manure: factoring differences between Salix varieties. Biotechnol Biofuels Bioprod 2023; 16:165. [PMID: 37924121 PMCID: PMC10625243 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-023-02412-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Biogas from anaerobic digestion is a versatile energy carrier that can be upgraded to compressed biomethane gas (CBG) as a renewable and sustainable alternative to natural gas. Organic residues and energy crops are predicted to be major sources of bioenergy production in the future. Pre-treatment can reduce the recalcitrance of lignocellulosic energy crops such as Salix to anaerobic digestion, making it a potential biogas feedstock. This lignocellulosic material can be co-digested with animal manure, which has the complementary effect of increasing volumetric biogas yield. Salix varieties exhibit variations in yield, composition and biomethane potential values, which can have a significant effect on the overall biogas production system. This study assessed the impact of Salix varietal differences on the overall mass and energy balance of a co-digestion system using steam pre-treated Salix biomass and dairy manure (DaM) to produce CBG as the final product. Six commercial Salix varieties cultivated under unfertilised and fertilised conditions were compared. Energy and mass flows along this total process chain, comprising Salix cultivation, steam pre-treatment, biogas production and biogas upgrading to CBG, were evaluated. Two scenarios were considered: a base scenario without heat recovery and a scenario with heat recovery. The results showed that Salix variety had a significant effect on energy output-input ratio (R), with R values in the base scenario of 1.57-1.88 and in the heat recovery scenario of 2.36-2.94. In both scenarios, unfertilised var. Tordis was the best energy performer, while the fertilised var. Jorr was the worst. Based on this energy performance, Salix could be a feasible feedstock for co-digestion with DaM, although its R value was at the lower end of the range reported previously for energy crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurav Kalita
- Department of Energy and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7032, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Jonas A Ohlsson
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7015, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hanna Karlsson Potter
- Department of Energy and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7032, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Åke Nordberg
- Department of Energy and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7032, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mats Sandgren
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7015, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Per-Anders Hansson
- Department of Energy and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7032, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
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Haraldseid-Driftland C, Dombestein H, Le AH, Billett S, Wiig S. Learning tools used to translate resilience in healthcare into practice: a rapid scoping review. BMC Health Serv Res 2023; 23:890. [PMID: 37612671 PMCID: PMC10463810 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-023-09922-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Historically, efforts to improved healthcare provisions have focussed on learning from and understanding what went wrong during adverse events. More recently, however, there has been a growing interest in seeking to improve healthcare quality through promoting and strengthening resilience in healthcare, in light of the range of changes and challenges to which healthcare providers are subjected. So far, several approaches for strengthening resilience performance have been suggested, such as reflection and simulation. However, there is a lack of studies that appraise the range of existing learning tools, the purposes for which they are designed, and the types of learning activities they comprise. The aim of this rapid scoping review is to identify the characteristics of currently available learning tools designed to translate organizational resilience into healthcare practice. METHODS A rapid scoping review approach was used to identify, collect, and synthesise information describing the characteristics of currently available learning tools designed to translate organizational resilience into healthcare practice. EMBASE and Medline Ovid were searched in May 2022 for articles published between 2012 and 2022. RESULTS The review identified six different learning tools such as serious games and checklists to guide reflection, targeting different stakeholders, in various healthcare settings. The tools, typically, promoted self-reflection either individually or collaboratively in groups. Evaluations of these tools found them to be useful and supportive of resilience; however, what constitutes resilience was often difficult to discern, particularly the organizational aspect. It became evident from these studies that careful planning and support were needed for their successful implementation. CONCLUSIONS The tools that are available for review are based on guidelines, checklists, or serious games, all of which offer to prompt either self-reflection or group reflections related to different forms of adaptations that are being performed. In this paper, we propose that more guided reflections mirroring the complexity of resilience in healthcare, along with an interprofessional collaborative and guided approach, are needed for these tools to be enacted effectively to realise change in practice. Future studies also need to explore how tools are perceived, used, and understood in multi-site, multi-level studies with a range of different participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilie Haraldseid-Driftland
- Centre for Resilience in Healthcare, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, N-4036, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Heidi Dombestein
- Centre for Resilience in Healthcare, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, N-4036, Stavanger, Norway.
| | - Anh Hai Le
- School of Education and Professional Studies, Griffith University, Mount Gravatt, QLD, 4122, Australia
| | - Stephen Billett
- School of Education and Professional Studies, Griffith University, Mount Gravatt, QLD, 4122, Australia
| | - Siri Wiig
- Centre for Resilience in Healthcare, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, N-4036, Stavanger, Norway
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Haraldseid-Driftland C, Billett S, Guise V, Schibevaag L, Alsvik JG, Fagerdal B, Lyng HB, Wiig S. The role of collaborative learning in resilience in healthcare-a thematic qualitative meta-synthesis of resilience narratives. BMC Health Serv Res 2022; 22:1091. [PMID: 36028835 PMCID: PMC9412809 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-022-08451-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To provide high quality services in increasingly complex, constantly changing circumstances, healthcare organizations worldwide need a high level of resilience, to adapt and respond to challenges and changes at all system levels. For healthcare organizations to strengthen their resilience, a significant level of continuous learning is required. Given the interdependence required amongst healthcare professionals and stakeholders when providing healthcare, this learning needs to be collaborative, as a prerequisite to operationalizing resilience in healthcare. As particular elements of collaborative working, and learning are likely to promote resilience, there is a need to explore the underlying collaborative learning mechanisms and how and why collaborations occur during adaptations and responses. The aim of this study is to describe collaborative learning processes in relation to resilient healthcare based on an investigation of narratives developed from studies representing diverse healthcare contexts and levels. Methods The method used to develop understanding of collaborative learning across diverse healthcare contexts and levels was to first conduct a narrative inquiry of a comprehensive dataset of published health services research studies. This resulted in 14 narratives (70 pages), synthesised from a total of 40 published articles and 6 PhD synopses. The narratives where then analysed using a thematic meta-synthesis approach. Results The results show that, across levels and contexts, healthcare professionals collaborate to respond and adapt to change, maintain processes and functions, and improve quality and safety. This collaboration comprises activities and interactions such as exchanging information, coordinating, negotiating, and aligning needs and developing buffers. The learning activities embedded in these collaborations are both activities of daily work, such as discussions, prioritizing and delegation of tasks, and intentional educational activities such as seminars or simulation activities. Conclusions Based on these findings, we propose that the enactment of resilience in healthcare is dependent on these collaborations and learning processes, across different levels and contexts. A systems perspective of resilience demands collaboration and learning within and across all system levels. Creating space for reflection and awareness through activities of everyday work, could support individual, team and organizational learning. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12913-022-08451-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilie Haraldseid-Driftland
- SHARE - Centre for Resilience in Healthcare, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, N-4036, Stavanger, Norway.
| | - Stephen Billett
- School of Education and Professional Studies, Griffith University, Mount Gravatt, QLD, 4122, Australia
| | - Veslemøy Guise
- SHARE - Centre for Resilience in Healthcare, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, N-4036, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Lene Schibevaag
- SHARE - Centre for Resilience in Healthcare, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, N-4036, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Janne Gro Alsvik
- SHARE - Centre for Resilience in Healthcare, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, N-4036, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Birte Fagerdal
- SHARE - Centre for Resilience in Healthcare, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, N-4036, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Hilda Bø Lyng
- SHARE - Centre for Resilience in Healthcare, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, N-4036, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Siri Wiig
- SHARE - Centre for Resilience in Healthcare, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, N-4036, Stavanger, Norway
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De Bock F, Rehfuess E. [Establishing evidence-based prevention and health promotion: criteria for evidence-based interventions and necessary organizational requirements and capacities]. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2021; 64:524-533. [PMID: 33881552 PMCID: PMC8087549 DOI: 10.1007/s00103-021-03320-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Für die Umsetzung des Präventionsgesetzes in einem sich entwickelnden System Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung (PGF) ist die Anforderung der Evidenzbasierung formuliert. Vor diesem Hintergrund stellt sich die Frage, welche Schritte, Prozesse und Vorgehensweisen in diesem System benötigt werden, um der Anforderung zunehmend gerecht zu werden. Dieser Übersichtsartikel diskutiert für Deutschland, wie evidenzbasierte Maßnahmen in der Praxis operationalisiert werden können und welche organisationalen Rahmenbedingungen und Kapazitäten für ein evidenzbasiertes Handeln von AkteurInnen notwendig sind. Aufbauend auf internationalen wissenschaftlichen Erkenntnissen und dem Memorandum Evidenzbasierte Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung der Bundeszentrale für gesundheitliche Aufklärung (BZgA) wird zunächst das Verständnis von evidenzbasierten Maßnahmen erläutert und im Weiteren werden Elemente zur Umsetzung von mehr Evidenzbasierung skizziert. Neben der transparenten und einheitlichen Darstellung in Datenbanken und Empfehlungen ist es notwendig, bei EntscheidungsträgerInnen in Praxis und Politik ein gemeinsames Verständnis von evidenzbasierten Interventionen und von Anforderungen für eine Evaluation, die Evidenzbasierung sichert, zu schaffen. Darüber hinaus kann evidenzbasiertes Handeln von EntscheidungsträgerInnen gefördert werden durch Wertschätzung gegenüber Evidenzbasierung in ihren Organisationen, durch Gewährleistung eines regelhaften Zugangs zu Evidenzdatenbanken, durch verbesserte Kompetenzen in Bezug auf Interpretation von Evidenz und durch eine systematische Zusammenarbeit mit der Wissenschaft. Mehr Evidenzbasierung ist eine Voraussetzung für die nachhaltige Verankerung von PGF als fünfte Säule des Gesundheitssystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Freia De Bock
- Abteilung 2 "Effektivität und Effizienz gesundheitliche Aufklärung", Bundeszentrale für gesundheitliche Aufklärung (BZgA), Maarweg 149-161, 50825, Köln, Deutschland.
| | - Eva Rehfuess
- Institut für medizinische Informationsverarbeitung, Biometrie und Epidemiologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, Deutschland.,Pettenkofer School of Public Health, München, Deutschland
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Wu X, Shao L, Chen G, Han M, Chi Y, Yang Q, Alhodaly M, Wakeel M. Unveiling land footprint of solar power: A pilot solar tower project in China. J Environ Manage 2021; 280:111741. [PMID: 33352380 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Land occupation by solar power installations has become a rising concern that may cause adverse impacts on natural ecosystems and biodiversity. Existing studies mainly adopt a local perspective to view land use requirements of solar power and forget that the solar-based electricity system is subordinate to the macro economy and nourished by the material, machinery and service support by various economic sectors. To manifest a key aspect of the footprint of solar power on land resources, this study uncovered the extensive industrial land use initiated by the infrastructure of a representative pilot solar-based electricity plant using a systems perspective. The results in this study show that in magnitude, land footprint by the infrastructure of the pilot solar plant amounts to three times as much as the onsite land area. Also, the land footprint calculated is revealed as one order of magnitude larger than a previous finding that includes primary materials only, and four to seven times higher than the onsite land use by coal-based electricity plants. The outcome implies that existing environmental management policies need to be re-evaluated by putting enough emphasis on the land displacement by solar power systems along the production chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Wu
- School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, PR China.
| | - Ling Shao
- School of Economics and Management, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, PR China
| | - Guoqian Chen
- Laboratory of Systems Ecology and Sustainability Science, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China; Center for Research Excellence in Renewable Energy and Power Systems, Faculty of Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mengyao Han
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, PR China
| | - Yuanying Chi
- School of Economics and Management, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Mohammed Alhodaly
- NAAM Group, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Wakeel
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Vehari Campus, Pakistan
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Schneider F, Parsons S, Clift S, Stolte A, McManus MC. Collected marine litter - A growing waste challenge. Mar Pollut Bull 2018; 128:162-174. [PMID: 29571359 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/06/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Marine litter, in particular plastic debris, poses a serious threat to marine life, human health and the economy. In order to reduce its impact, marine litter collections such as beach clean-ups are frequently conducted. This paper presents a systematic review of temporal developments, geographical distribution, quantities and waste treatment pathways of collected marine litter. Results from over 130 studies and projects highlight the worldwide increase in collection efforts. Many of these are in wealthy countries that do not primarily contribute to the problem. Over 250 thousand tonnes, have already been removed, but there is little or no information available regarding how this waste is treated or used post collection. This paper highlights the need for a whole-system quantitative assessment for the collection and waste treatment of marine litter, and identifies the challenges associated with utilising this waste in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Falk Schneider
- University of Bath, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Claverton Down BA2 7AY, United Kingdom.
| | - Sophie Parsons
- University of Bath, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Claverton Down BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Sally Clift
- University of Bath, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Claverton Down BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea Stolte
- WWF Germany, WWF-Ostseebüro, Knieperwall 1, 18439 Stralsund, Germany
| | - Marcelle C McManus
- University of Bath, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Claverton Down BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
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Karlsson H, Ahlgren S, Sandgren M, Passoth V, Wallberg O, Hansson PA. A systems analysis of biodiesel production from wheat straw using oleaginous yeast: process design, mass and energy balances. Biotechnol Biofuels 2016; 9:229. [PMID: 27800015 PMCID: PMC5078929 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-016-0640-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biodiesel is the main liquid biofuel in the EU and is currently mainly produced from vegetable oils. Alternative feedstocks are lignocellulosic materials, which provide several benefits compared with many existing feedstocks. This study examined a technical process and its mass and energy balances to gain a systems perspective of combined biodiesel (FAME) and biogas production from straw using oleaginous yeasts. Important process parameters with a determining impact on overall mass and energy balances were identified and evaluated. RESULTS In the base case, 41% of energy in the biomass was converted to energy products, primary fossil fuel use was 0.37 MJprim/MJ produced and 5.74 MJ fossil fuels could be replaced per kg straw dry matter. The electricity and heat produced from burning the lignin were sufficient for process demands except in scenarios where the yeast was dried for lipid extraction. Using the residual yeast cell mass for biogas production greatly increased the energy yield, with biogas contributing 38% of total energy products. CONCLUSIONS In extraction methods without drying the yeast, increasing lipid yield and decreasing the residence time for lipid accumulation are important for the energy and mass balance. Changing the lipid extraction method from wet to dry makes the greatest change to the mass and energy balance. Bioreactor agitation and aeration for lipid accumulation and yeast propagation is energy demanding. Changes in sugar concentration in the hydrolysate and residence times for lipid accumulation greatly affect electricity demand, but have relatively small impacts on fossil energy use (NER) and energy yield (EE). The impact would probably be greater if externally produced electricity were used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Karlsson
- Department of Energy and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Serina Ahlgren
- Department of Energy and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mats Sandgren
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Volkmar Passoth
- Department of Microbiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ola Wallberg
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Per-Anders Hansson
- Department of Energy and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
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Abstract
Obesity is a pervasive global public health concern of utmost priority. Effective and efficient interventions are urgently needed to reverse current trends, especially among children. The past decade has witnessed increasing adoption and implementation of community-engaged and -participatory interventions that employ a bottom-up approach to identifying and realizing sustainable solutions within communities. It is argued herein that community-based approaches are most effective when implemented via a systems perspective that integrates across societal sectors. This approach seizes upon the synergistic effects that result from simultaneously mobilizing community assets at multiple levels. This paper provides an overview of the evolution and theory behind community-engaged, community-participatory, and systems-level interventions, discusses recent findings in the field, offers reflections based on first-hand experience, outlines advances in relevant resources, and lays forth potential and promising directions for future research. It emphasizes the centrality and necessity of community-engaged systems-level interventions in halting and reversing the obesity epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Economos
- Friedman School of Nutrition, Tufts University, 150 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA, 02111, USA.
| | - Stacy Blondin
- Food Policy and Applied Nutrition, Friedman School of Nutrition, Tufts University, 150 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA, 02111, USA.
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