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Feng Z, Cao X, Zhou B, Li H, Liu H, Yuan R, Wang X, Chen Z, Luo S, Chen H. Influence mechanisms of different stalks on iron species type of magnetic biochar prepared from Fe 2O 3. Sci Total Environ 2023; 903:166790. [PMID: 37666336 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
The current selection of biomass feedstock for magnetic biochar (MBC) catalysts is highly blind. Consequently, this study delves into understanding how the types of biomass influence the iron species present in MBC catalysts. The process involved the creation of MBC through simulated impregnation-pyrolysis, utilizing six types of stalks and Fe2O3. The type of iron species significantly impacted magnetic properties and likely influenced catalytic properties of MBC. MBC's iron species type was shaped by the reduction effects of the diverse stalks on Fe2O3. During the pyrolysis, discrepancies were observed in the release of reducing gases and direct reduction for the different stalks. These differences in reduction behavior directly accounted for the distinct reduction effects. To delve deeper, the reduction behavior and effect of the main components of the stalk (hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin) on Fe2O3 were analyzed, highlighting lignin as the most effective. Nonetheless, the absolute values of Pearson's r between lignin content in the stalk and reduction behavior/effect ranged only from 0.078 to 0.421. In contrast, the values for K, Ca, and Si content in the stalks and their influence on reduction behavior and MBC's reduction/metallization degree ranged from 0.410 to 0.910. The catalytic impacts of K and Ca were confirmed through their incorporation into cotton and reed stalks. The disparities in K, Ca, and Si content among the six stalks appeared to be the primary driver behind the diverse iron species in MBC. This work provides a scientific basis for the rational selection of biomass feedstock for MBC catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuqing Feng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xin Cao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Beihai Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Haiqing Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science & Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Haijun Liu
- School of Resources and Environment, Anqing Normal University, Anqing, China.
| | - Rongfang Yuan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Xu Wang
- Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Eco-Environment Protection, National Engineering Research Center for Urban Environmental Pollution Control, Beijing 100037, China.
| | - Zhongbing Chen
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16500 Praha, Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Shuai Luo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Huilun Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
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Duan N, Cui K, Zhu C, Jin S. Study on phase evolution and promoting the pozzolanic activity of electrolytic manganese residue during calcination. Environ Res 2023; 227:115774. [PMID: 36966993 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Electrolytic manganese residue (EMR) is a harmful by-product in the electrolytic manganese industry. Calcination is an efficient method for disposing EMR. In this study, thermogravimetric-mass spectrometry (TG-MS) combined with X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used for analysing the thermal reactions and phase transitions during calcination. The pozzolanic activity of calcined EMR was determined by the potential hydraulicity test and strength activity index (SAI) test. The leaching characteristics of Mn were determined by TCLP test and BCR SE method. The results showed that MnSO4 was converted into stable MnO2 during calcination. Meanwhile, Mn-rich bustamite (Ca0.228Mn0.772SiO3) was converted into Ca(Mn, Ca)Si2O6. The gypsum was transformed into anhydrite and then decomposed into CaO and SO2. Additionally, the organic pollutants and ammonia were completely removed following calcination at 700 °C. The leaching concentration of Mn decreased from 819.9 mg L-1 to 339.6 mg L-1 following calcination at 1100 °C. The chemical forms of Mn were transformed from acid-soluble fraction to residual fraction. The pozzolanic activity tests indicated that EMR1100-Gy maintained a complete shape. The compressive strength of EMR1100-PO reached 33.83 MPa. Finally, the leaching concentrations of heavy metals met the standard limits. This study provides a better understanding for the treatment and utilization of EMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Duan
- School of Mineral Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, China
| | - Kuixin Cui
- School of Mineral Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, China.
| | - Chuyu Zhu
- School of Mineral Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, China
| | - Shengming Jin
- School of Mineral Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, China.
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Wiegand T, Osburg A. Synthesis, Curing and Thermal Behavior of Amine Hardeners from Potentially Renewable Sources. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15040990. [PMID: 36850273 PMCID: PMC9962791 DOI: 10.3390/polym15040990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Research into bio-based epoxy resins has intensified in recent decades. Here, it is of great importance to use raw materials whose use does not compete with food production. In addition, the performance of the newly developed materials should be comparable to that of conventional products. Possible starting materials are lignin degradation products, such as vanillin and syringaldehyde, for which new synthesis routes to the desired products must be found and their properties determined. In this article, the first synthesis of two amine hardeners, starting with vanillin and syringaldehyde, using the Smiles rearrangement reaction is reported. The amine hardeners were mixed with bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, and the curing was compared to isophorone diamine, 4-4'-diaminodiphenyl sulfone, and 4-Aminonbenzylamine by means of differential scanning calorimetry. It was found that the two amines prepared are cold-curing. As TG-MS studies showed, the thermal stability of at least one of the polymers prepared with the potentially bio-based amines is comparable to that of the polymer prepared with isophorone diamine, and similar degradation products are formed during pyrolysis.
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Li X, Shen J, Ling T, Mei Q. Pyrolysis Combustion Characteristics of Epoxy Asphalt Based on TG-MS and Cone Calorimeter Test. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:4973. [PMID: 35888440 DOI: 10.3390/ma15144973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
To examine the pyrolysis and combustion characteristics of epoxy asphalt, the heat and smoke release characteristics were analyzed via TG-MS and cone calorimeter tests, and the surface morphology of residual carbon after pyrolysis and combustion was observed via scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the smoke produce rate of epoxy asphalt was high in the early stage, and then sharply decreased. Moreover, the total smoke produced was close to that of base asphalt, and the surface of residual carbon presented an irregular network structure, which was rough and loose, and had few holes, however most of them existed in the form of embedded nonpenetration. The heat and smoke release characteristics of epoxy asphalt showed that it is not a simple fusion of base asphalt and epoxy resin. Instead, they promote, interact with, and affect each other, and the influence of epoxy resin was greater than that of base asphalt.
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Risoluti R, Gullifa G, Barone L, Papa E, Materazzi S. On-Line Thermally Induced Evolved Gas Analysis: An Update-Part 1: EGA-MS. Molecules 2022; 27:3518. [PMID: 35684458 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Advances in on-line thermally induced evolved gas analysis (OLTI-EGA) have been systematically reported by our group to update their applications in several different fields and to provide useful starting references. The importance of an accurate interpretation of the thermally-induced reaction mechanism which involves the formation of gaseous species is necessary to obtain the characterization of the evolved products. In this review, applications of Evolved Gas Analysis (EGA) performed by on-line coupling heating devices to mass spectrometry (EGA-MS), are reported. Reported references clearly demonstrate that the characterization of the nature of volatile products released by a substance subjected to a controlled temperature program allows us to prove a supposed reaction or composition, either under isothermal or under heating conditions. Selected 2019, 2020, and 2021 references are collected and briefly described in this review.
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Zhu X, Li S, Zhang Y, Li J, Zhang Z, Sun Y, Zhou S, Li N, Yan B, Chen G. Flue gas torrefaction of municipal solid waste: Fuel properties, combustion characterizations, and nitrogen /sulfur emissions. Bioresour Technol 2022; 351:126967. [PMID: 35272035 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.126967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Flue gas torrefaction (FGT) was proposed as the pretreatment of the municipal solid waste (MSW) combustion process to improve the fuel properties of MSW and achieve better combustion performance. The optimal FGT parameters were obtained at 300 ℃ and 30 min, with the energy-mass co-benefit index (EMCI) reaching the maximum of 23.38. FGT could significantly increase the heating value and energy density of MSW while reducing the H/C and O/C ratio. Then, the pyrolysis and combustion experiments were performed by tube furnace and TG-MS. The results proved the chemical compositions of MSW were altered, and the heat transfer was enhanced. With FGT, NOx and SO2 emissions could be reduced by 25.7 % and 52.4 %, respectively. This study provides an in-depth understanding of the mechanism of FGT and paves the way for the clean treatment and energy utilization of MSW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochao Zhu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Songjiang Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yonggang Zhang
- CECEP Green Carbon Environment Protection, Beijing 100082, China
| | - Jian Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Ziqiang Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; CECEP Green Carbon Environment Protection, Beijing 100082, China
| | - Yunan Sun
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin 300134, China
| | - Shengquan Zhou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Ning Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Beibei Yan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Tianjin Key Lab of Biomass/Wastes Utilization, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Guanyi Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin 300134, China; Tianjin Key Lab of Biomass/Wastes Utilization, Tianjin 300072, China; School of Science, Tibet University, Lhasa 850012, China
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7
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Zhu X, Zhou S, Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Li J, Ahmed S, Yan B, Chen G, Li N. Flue gas torrefaction of distilled spirit lees and the effects on the combustion and nitrogen oxide emission. Bioresour Technol 2021; 342:125975. [PMID: 34563818 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Flue gas torrefaction (FGT) integrated with combustion was introduced for the clean treatment of distilled spirit lees (DSL). The effects of temperature, residence time, and volumetric flow rate of FGTs were investigated. The improvement in the physicochemical and combustion characteristics of the torrefied DSL and the reaction mechanisms were clarified by a tube furnace and the TG-MS device. The results showed that FGT could effectively improve the properties of DSL. With increasing temperature, residence time, and volumetric flow rate, the mass and energy yields decreased. FGT showed positive effects on the removal of free and bonding water, as well as the enrichment of lignin. FGT effectively inhibited the release of NOx. The overall emission of NOx was reduced by 57.3%. Additionally, the cost of DSL drying and denitrification could be greatly reduced by FGT. This study provided a practical treatment for DSL and new insight into FGT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochao Zhu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Shengquan Zhou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Ziqiang Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China; CECEP Green Carbon Environment Protection, Beijing 100082, PR China
| | - Yonggang Zhang
- CECEP Green Carbon Environment Protection, Beijing 100082, PR China
| | - Jian Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China.
| | - Sarwaich Ahmed
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Beibei Yan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China; Tianjin Key Lab of Biomass/Wastes Utilization, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Guanyi Chen
- Tianjin Key Lab of Biomass/Wastes Utilization, Tianjin 300072, PR China; School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin 300134, PR China; School of Science, Tibet University, Lhasa 850012, PR China
| | - Ning Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
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Tao W, Zhang P, Yang X, Li H, Liu Y, Pan B. An integrated study on the pyrolysis mecanism of peanut shell based on the kinetic analysis and solid/gas characterization. Bioresour Technol 2021; 329:124860. [PMID: 33639385 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.124860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
An in-depth understanding of peanut shell pyrolysis reaction is essential for its efficient utilization. Detailed analysis of thermodynamics, kinetics, and reaction products can provide valuable information about pyrolysis reaction. In this work, pyrolytic reaction mechanism was elucidated with the analysis of thermogravimetric-mass spectrometry and the structural characterization of the derived biochar. The thermodynamic and kinetic parameters of three sub-stages were matched well in different model-free methods. The positive ΔH and ΔG values indicated that the pyrolysis reactions for three stages were endothermic and nonspontaneous. The reaction mechanism predicted by integral master-plots were F3 (f(α) = (1-α)3), F1 (f(α) = (1-α), and F3 (f(α) = (1-α)3) for the three sub-stages, respectively. The negative ΔS in the third stage was related to the reduced releasing of low-molecular weight gases and ordered graphite-like carbon structure. This study provides a prospective approach to understand the pyrolysis mechanism of biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenmei Tao
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Xingwei Yang
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Hao Li
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Bo Pan
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, 650500, China.
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Wang T, Rong H, Chen S, Zhou Y, Li J, Xiao Y, Xue Y. TG- MS study on in-situ sulfur retention during the co-combustion of reclaimed asphalt binder and wood sawdust. J Hazard Mater 2021; 403:123911. [PMID: 33264964 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Reclaimed asphalt binder (RAB) releases large amounts ·of hazardous sulfur-containing gases during combustion. This study attempts to introduce wood sawdust (WS) as an in-situ inhibitor of sulfur release during the combustion of refuse-derived fuel (RDF) blended with RAB-WS. The combustion characteristics, gaseous sulfur-containing products, interactions and combustion kinetics of RDF were investigated through thermogravimetry and mass spectrometry (TG-MS), and the mechanisms on migration and distribution of sulfur were revealed. Results indicated that WS additive inhibits the volatilization of light components and promotes the degradation of macromolecular components. WS addition improved the combustibility, burnout performance and combustion stability of RAB. The sulfur release of RAB-based RDF was mainly derived from resins and asphaltenes. WS addition generally decreased all gaseous sulfur-containing compounds (CH3SH, COS, SO2, CS2 and thiophene). Interactions between RAB and WS restrained all sulfur-containing gas emissions, and the normalized sulfur inhibition ratio reached 40.99 %. The Sarink and DAEM models could well describe the kinetic process of the co-combustion of RAB and WS. WS addition led to a decrease in activation energy, namely, it lowered the reaction barrier. Sulfur could be retained in-situ into incineration residue through the formation of sulfate minerals during the co-combustion of RAB and WS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Wang
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China; Engineering Research Centre for Clean Production of Textile Dyeing and Printing, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Hao Rong
- Changjiang Institute of Survey, Planning, Design and Research, 430014, Hubei, Wuhan, China
| | - Si Chen
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China; Engineering Research Centre for Clean Production of Textile Dyeing and Printing, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jinping Li
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China; Engineering Research Centre for Clean Production of Textile Dyeing and Printing, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Yue Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yongjie Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China.
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Li R, Lu T, Xie M, Liu F. Analysis on thermal behavior of fluorides and cyanides for heat-treating spent cathode carbon blocks from aluminum smelters by TG/DSC-MS & ECSA®. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2020; 189:110015. [PMID: 31830602 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.110015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This paper adopts a novel data-processing method of ECSA® based on TG/DSC-MS system to basically study the characteristics of release and conversion of fluorides and cyanides during heat treatment of the spent cathode carbon block (SCCB). All the experiments were conducted at 10 K⋅min-1 heating rate and under Ar or Ar-O2 atmospheres. The results indicate that the release of fluorides was just a steady but slow phase transition process under both Ar and Ar-O2 atmospheres, which can be comparatively accelerated when the carbon material was burnt. The cyanides were effectively decomposed at high temperature and at Ar-O2 atmosphere, with around three quarters of the cyanides being converted to the N2 and nearly a quarter being to the NO. Finally, analysis on the flue gas composition indicates that it had a more complicated composition of CO2, N2, NO, NO2, HCN under Ar-O2 atmosphere but only had a composition of CO2 and NO under Ar atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongbin Li
- School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Tingting Lu
- School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Mingzhuang Xie
- School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Fengqin Liu
- School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China.
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Huang J, Liu J, Kuo J, Xie W, Zhang X, Chang K, Buyukada M, Evrendilek F. Kinetics, thermodynamics, gas evolution and empirical optimization of (co-)combustion performances of spent mushroom substrate and textile dyeing sludge. Bioresour Technol 2019; 280:313-324. [PMID: 30780091 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Spent mushroom substrate (SMS) and textile dyeing sludge (TDS) were (co-)combusted in changing heating rates, blend ratios and temperature. The increased blend ratio improved the ignition, burnout and comprehensive combustion indices. A comparison of theoretical and experimental thermogravimetric curves pointed to significant interactions between 350 and 600 °C. High content of Fe2O3 in TDS ash may act as catalysis at a high temperature. Ignition activation energy was lower for TDS than SMS due to its low thermal stability. 40% SMS appeared to be the optimal blend ratio that significantly decreased the activation energy, as was verified by the response surface methodology. D3 model best described the (co-)combustions. SMS led to more NO and NO2 emissions at about 300 °C and less HCN emission than did TDS. The addition of 40% SMS to TDS lowered SO2 emission. The co-combustion of TDS and SMS appeared to enhance energy generation and emission reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianli Huang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jingyong Liu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Jiahong Kuo
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wuming Xie
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaochun Zhang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Kenlin Chang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Musa Buyukada
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu 14052, Turkey
| | - Fatih Evrendilek
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu 14052, Turkey; Department of Environmental Engineering, Ardahan University, Ardahan 75002, Turkey
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Sun G, Zhang G, Liu J, Xie W, Kuo J, Lu X, Buyukada M, Evrendilek F, Sun S. Thermogravimetric and mass-spectrometric analyses of combustion of spent potlining under N 2/O 2 and CO 2/O 2 atmospheres. Waste Manag 2019; 87:237-249. [PMID: 31109523 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2019.01.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Thermal decomposition and gaseous evolution of the spent potlining (SPL) combustion were quantified using thermogravimetric and mass-spectrometric analyses in CO2/O2 and N2/O2 atmospheres using three heating rates (15, 20 and 25 °C/min). The thermal decomposition of SPL occurred mainly between 450 and 800 °C. Based on the four kinetic methods of Friedman, Starink, Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose and Flynn-Wall-Ozawa under the various conversion degrees (α) from 0.1 to 0.7, the lowest apparent activation energy was estimated at 149.81 kJ/mol in the 70% CO2/30% O2 atmosphere. The pre-exponential factor, and changes in entropy, enthalpy and free Gibbs energy were also estimated. The reaction model did not suggest a single reaction of the SPL combustion. With the α value of 0.25-0.7, the following function best described the reaction based on the Malek method: f(α) = 1/2α and G(α) = lnα2. The gases released during the combustion process included CO2, CO, NOx, HCN, and HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Sun
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Gang Zhang
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Jingyong Liu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Wuming Xie
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jiahong Kuo
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xingwen Lu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Musa Buyukada
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu 14052, Turkey
| | - Fatih Evrendilek
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu 14052, Turkey; Department of Environmental Engineering, Ardahan University, Ardahan 75002, Turkey
| | - Shuiyu Sun
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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13
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Salema AA, Ting RMW, Shang YK. Pyrolysis of blend (oil palm biomass and sawdust) biomass using TG-MS. Bioresour Technol 2019; 274:439-446. [PMID: 30553084 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to pyrolyze individual (oil palm shell, empty fruit bunch and sawdust) as well as blend biomass in a thermogravimetric mass spectrometry (TG-MS) from room temperature to 800 °C at constant heating rate of 15 °C/min. The results showed that the onset TG temperature for blend biomass shifted slightly to lower values. Activation energy values were also found to decrease slightly after blending the biomass. Interestingly, the MS spectra of selected gases (H2O CH4, H2O, C2H2, C2H4 or CO, CH2O, CH3OH, HCl, C3H6, CO2, HCOOH, and C6H12) evolved from blend biomass showed decreased in the intensity as compared to their individual biomass. Overall, the blend biomass showed synergy which provides ways to expand the possibility of utilizing multiple feedstocks in one thermo-chemical system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshad Adam Salema
- Mechanical Engineering Discipline, School of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Ryan Man Wai Ting
- Mechanical Engineering Discipline, School of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yong Kuan Shang
- Mechanical Engineering Discipline, School of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
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14
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Liu J, Huang L, Sun G, Chen J, Zhuang S, Chang K, Xie W, Kuo J, He Y, Sun S, Buyukada M, Evrendilek F. (Co-)combustion of additives, water hyacinth and sewage sludge: Thermogravimetric, kinetic, gas and thermodynamic modeling analyses. Waste Manag 2018; 81:211-219. [PMID: 30527037 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2018.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2018] [Revised: 09/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Additives and biomass were co-combusted with sewage sludge (SS) to promote SS incineration treatment and energy generation. (Co-)combustion characteristics of sewage sludge (SS), water hyacinth (WH), and 5% five additives (K2CO3, Na2CO3, Mg2CO3, MgO and Al2O3) were quantified and compared using thermogravimetric-mass spectrometric (TG-MS) and numerical analyses. The combustion performance of SS declined slightly with the additives which was demonstrated by the 0.03-to-0.25-fold decreases in comprehensive combustibility index (CCI). The co-combustion performed well given the 0.31-fold increase in CCI. Kinetic parameters were estimated using the Ozawa-Flynn-Wall (OFW) and Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS) methods. Apparent activation energy estimates by OFW and KAS were consistent. The addition of K2CO3 and MgCO3 decreased the weighted average activation energy of SS. Adding K2CO3 to the blend reduced CO2, NO2, SO2, HCN and NH3 emissions. CO2, NO2 and SO2 emissions were higher from WH than SS. Adding WH or K2CO3 to SS increased CO2, NO2 and SO2 but HCN and NH3 emissions. Based on both catalytic effects and evolved gases, K2CO3 was potentially an optimal option for the catalytic combustion among the tested additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyong Liu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Limao Huang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guang Sun
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jiacong Chen
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shengwei Zhuang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Kenlin Chang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wuming Xie
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jiahong Kuo
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yao He
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shuiyu Sun
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Musa Buyukada
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Abant Izzet Baysal University, 14052 Bolu, Turkey
| | - Fatih Evrendilek
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Abant Izzet Baysal University, 14052 Bolu, Turkey; Department of Environmental Engineering, Ardahan University, 75002 Ardahan, Turkey
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15
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Huang J, Liu J, Chen J, Xie W, Kuo J, Lu X, Chang K, Wen S, Sun G, Cai H, Buyukada M, Evrendilek F. Combustion behaviors of spent mushroom substrate using TG-MS and TG-FTIR: Thermal conversion, kinetic, thermodynamic and emission analyses. Bioresour Technol 2018; 266:389-397. [PMID: 29982062 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.06.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The present study systematically investigated the combustion characteristics of spent mushroom substrate (SMS) using TG-MS (thermogravimetric/mass spectrometry) and TG-FTIR (thermogravimetric/Fourier transform infrared spectrometry) under five heating rates. The physicochemical characteristics and combustion index pointed to SMS as a promising biofuel for power generation. The high correlation coefficient of the fitting plots and similar activation energy calculated by various methods indicated that four suitable iso-conversional methods were used. The activation energy varied from 130.06 to 192.95 kJ/mol with a mean value of 171.49 kJ/mol using Flynn-Wall-Ozawa and decreased with the increased conversion degree. The most common emissions peaked at the range of 200-400 °C corresponding to volatile combustion stage, except for CO2, NO2 and NO. The peak CO2 emission occurred at 439.11 °C mainly due to the combustion of fixed carbon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianli Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jingyong Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Jiacong Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wuming Xie
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jiahong Kuo
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xingwen Lu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Kenlin Chang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Shaoting Wen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guang Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Haiming Cai
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Musa Buyukada
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu 14052, Turkey
| | - Fatih Evrendilek
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu 14052, Turkey; Department of Environmental Engineering, Ardahan University, Ardahan 75002, Turkey
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16
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Huang L, Xie C, Liu J, Zhang X, Chang K, Kuo J, Sun J, Xie W, Zheng L, Sun S, Buyukada M, Evrendilek F. Influence of catalysts on co-combustion of sewage sludge and water hyacinth blends as determined by TG-MS analysis. Bioresour Technol 2018; 247:217-225. [PMID: 28950129 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.09.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Effects of the three metal carbonates (K2CO3, Na2CO3, and MgCO3) were quantified on catalytic co-combustion of the sewage sludge and water hyacinth (SW) blend using a thermogravimetric-mass spectrometric (TG-MS) analysis and kinetics modeling. The main dominating steps of the catalysts were the organic volatile matter release and combustion stage. Weighted mean values of activation energy (Em) were estimated at 181.18KJ·mol-1, 199.76KJ·mol-1, 138.76KJ·mol-1, and 177.88KJ·mol-1 for SW, SW+5% K2CO3, SW+5% Na2CO3, and SW+5% MgCO3, respectively. The lowest Em occurred with SW+5% Na2CO3. Overall, catalyst effect on co-combustion appeared to be negligible as indicated by Gibbs free energy (ΔG). The normalized intensities of SW+MgCO3 were strongest. The addition of Na2CO3 and MgCO3 to SW increased flue gases emissions (CO2, NO2, SO2, HCN, and NH3) of SW, whereas the addition of K2CO3 to SW reduced flue gases emissions from the entire combustion process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limao Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Candie Xie
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jingyong Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Xiaochun Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - KenLin Chang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jiahong Kuo
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jian Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wuming Xie
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Li Zheng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shuiyu Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Musa Buyukada
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu 14052, Turkey
| | - Fatih Evrendilek
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu 14052, Turkey
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17
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Das P, Mondal D, Maiti S. Thermochemical conversion pathways of Kappaphycus alvarezii granules through study of kinetic models. Bioresour Technol 2017; 234:233-242. [PMID: 28319772 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Kappaphycus alvarezii seaweed belongs to the class of red alga (Rhodophyta). The granules obtained after recovery of "sap" (liquid plant stimulant) from freshly harvested alga is a promising biomass feedstock for energy application. Herein we report the kinetic behaviour of the granules using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) at different heating rates in N2 atmosphere and thermogravimetric-mass spectrometry (TG-MS) analysis. Sawdust as lignocellulosic biomass is considered for comparative study. Four different kinetic models (i) multilinear regression technique, (ii) Friedman method, (iii) Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO) method and (iv) Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS) method are used to evaluate the apparent activation energy (Ea), the pre-exponential factor (Aα) and the overall reaction order (n). Maximum SO2 peak at 300°C and 950°C (from TG-MS), indicates that slow pyrolysis at 500°C, with a packed bed lime scrubber at the outlet during temperature rise, is the best suited thermochemical pathway for energy harnessing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasanta Das
- Process Design & Engineering Cell, CSIR-Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G.B. Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India
| | - Dibyendu Mondal
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Subarna Maiti
- Process Design & Engineering Cell, CSIR-Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G.B. Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India.
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18
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Shen D, Zhang L, Xue J, Guan S, Liu Q, Xiao R. Thermal degradation of xylan-based hemicellulose under oxidative atmosphere. Carbohydr Polym 2015; 127:363-71. [PMID: 25965495 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.03.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2015] [Revised: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Xylan-based hemicellulose sample is tested in TG-MS under He, 7% O2, 20% O2 and 60% O2, in order to underpin the understanding of thermo-degradation mechanism of hemicellulose and biomass. The mass loss history recorded by TG can be divided into two main stages: (1) low-temperature stage with the peak located at around 265°C associated with thermal cracking of hemicellulose, and (2) high-temperature stage with the peak enhanced and shifted to lower temperatures by oxygen concentration ascribed to char combustion. A number of prominently evolved ions identified by MS can be designated to acetone, acetic acid, furfural, water, CO, CO2 and so on. The releasing profile of smaller fragments (water, CO and CO2) follows the pattern of DTG curve under different oxygen concentrations (especially for that in the high temperature stage). A three-step consecutive kinetic model employing "n-order reaction function" is proposed and achieved good fit for the experimental mass loss data of thermo-oxidation of hemicellulose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dekui Shen
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, PR China
| | - Lanqing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, PR China
| | - Jiangtao Xue
- Jiangsu Frontier Electric Power Technology Co., Ltd., Nanjing 211102, PR China
| | - Shipian Guan
- Jiangsu Frontier Electric Power Technology Co., Ltd., Nanjing 211102, PR China
| | - Qian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, PR China.
| | - Rui Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, PR China
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19
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Magdziarz A, Werle S. Analysis of the combustion and pyrolysis of dried sewage sludge by TGA and MS. Waste Manag 2014; 34:174-9. [PMID: 24238993 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2013.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Revised: 09/25/2013] [Accepted: 10/13/2013] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the combustion and pyrolysis processes of three sewage sludge were investigated. The sewage sludge came from three wastewater treatment plants. Proximate and ultimate analyses were performed. The thermal behaviour of studied sewage sludge was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis with mass spectrometry (TGA-MS). The samples were heated from ambient temperature to 800 °C at a constant rate 10 °C/min in air (combustion process) and argon flows (pyrolysis process). The thermal profiles presented in form of TG/DTG curves were comparable for studied sludges. All TG/DTG curves were divided into three stages. The main decomposition of sewage sludge during the combustion process took place in the range 180-580 °C with c.a. 70% mass loss. The pyrolysis process occurred in lower temperature but with less mass loss. The evolved gaseous products (H2, CH4, CO2, H2O) from the decomposition of sewage sludge were identified on-line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Magdziarz
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Metals Engineering and Industrial Computer Science, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland.
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