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FONG J, CHIN D, AKIYAMA HJ, ELBERG SS. Studies on tubercle bacillus-monocyte relationship. III. Conditions affecting the action of serum and cells; modification of bacilli in an immune system. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000; 109:523-43. [PMID: 13654626 PMCID: PMC2136985 DOI: 10.1084/jem.109.6.523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Studies of the relationship of protective serum factor to cellular resistance and to tuberculin skin sensitivity have demonstrated that protective serum factor may exist independently of a high level of cellular resistance, and that both protective factor and cellular resistance may be demonstrable without a concomitant hypersensitivity of the delayed type. The experiments with absorbed sera and the globulin fraction of immune serum indicated no specific association of protective serum factor with antibody globulin. The protective factor in immune serum was found to be thermostable and non-dialyzable. In vitro exposure of virulent tubercle bacilli to the immune serum from BCG-immunized animals failed to alter the bacterial capacity for destruction of monocytes and for intracellular proliferation. In vitro cultivation of normal and immune monocytes in normal or immune serum was not effective in changing the native susceptibility or resistance of these cells. Effective manifestation of resistance to virulent tubercle bacilli by immune monocytes was found to require the continuous presence of immune serum. The intracellular passage of virulent tubercle bacilli in an immune system (immune monocytes cultivated in immune serum) resulted in a decreased bacterial potential for destruction of normal monocytes when these were cultivated in the presence of immune serum.
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FARR RS, BLOCH H. The binding capacity of tuberculous and nontuberculous human serum for I-131-labeled extracts from tubercle bacilli. Am Rev Respir Dis 1998; 82:687-94. [PMID: 13698260 DOI: 10.1164/arrd.1960.82.5.687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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WEISS DW, WELLS AQ. Vaccination against tuberculosis with nonliving vaccines. 3. Vaccination of guinea pigs with fractions of phenol-killed tubercle bacilli. Am Rev Respir Dis 1998; 82:339-57. [PMID: 13784058 DOI: 10.1164/arrd.1960.82.3.339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Abstract
The Middlebrook-Dubos hemagglutination test with normal red cells and the Boyden hemagglutination test with red cells tanned with tannic acid were shown to be strictly specific, for tubercle polysaccharide and for the protein antigens. The former test detects polysaccharide antibodies and the latter protein antibodies. Convincing evidence is given that polysaccharide does not adhere to the surface of tanned red cells nor protein to the normal red cell surface. Hemosensitizing ability and in vitro antigenicity were found to be two distinct properties of tubercle polysaccharide and protein antigens. The phosphatide hemagglutination test with normal red cells sensitized with tubercle phosphatide is also specific; it detects only phosphatide antibodies. The three different kinds of antibodies, antipolysaccharide, antiprotein, and antiphosphatide, were shown to be completely distinct from each other in tuberculous serum. Each of them can be completely removed from serum by absorption with red cells or kaolin particles coated with its corresponding antigen. The reliability of the cross-inhibition test is discussed.
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LARSON CL, RIBI E, WICHT WC, LIST R. Skin reactions produced in rabbits by cell walls and protoplasm of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and M. butyricum. Am Rev Respir Dis 1998; 83:184-93. [PMID: 13759198 DOI: 10.1164/arrd.1961.83.2p1.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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LARSON CL, WICHT WC. Studies of resistance to experimental tuberculosis in mice vaccinated with living attenuated tubercle bacilli and challenged with virulent organisms. Am Rev Respir Dis 1998; 85:833-46. [PMID: 14462520 DOI: 10.1164/arrd.1962.85.6.833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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WEISS DW, WELLS AQ. Vaccination against tuberculosis with nonliving vaccines. II. Vaccination of guinea pigs with phenol-killed tubercle bacilli. Am Rev Respir Dis 1998; 81:518-37. [PMID: 13843704 DOI: 10.1164/arrd.1960.81.4.518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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ALSHABKHOUN A, CHAPMAN PT, WHITE MF, DEGROTA A. A study of the double-diffusion gel precipitation test in tuberculous patients with special reference to technical problems. Am Rev Respir Dis 1998; 81:704-8. [PMID: 13792935 DOI: 10.1164/arrd.1960.81.5.704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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ALLISON MJ, ZAPPASODI P, LURIE MB. Metabolic studies on mononuclear cells from rabbits of varying genetic resistance to tuberculosis. II. Studies on cells from BCG-vaccinated animals. Am Rev Respir Dis 1998; 85:364-72. [PMID: 13860624 DOI: 10.1164/arrd.1962.85.3.364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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WILLIAMS CA. Studies on fractions of methanol extracts of tubercle bacilli. II. Toxic and allergenic properties of fractions employed as antituberculous vaccine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998; 111:369-86. [PMID: 13785399 PMCID: PMC2137259 DOI: 10.1084/jem.111.3.369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Fractions of methanol extract which had been previously demonstrated to increase the resistance of mice to experimental tuberculosis have been subjected to an examination of their toxic and allergenic properties. The criteria for toxicity were: (a) production of inflammatory skin reactions in guinea pigs; (b) induction of weight loss in mice by intraperitoneal injection; and (c) depression of resistance to staphylococcus infections in mice. Allergenicity of a preparation was investigated by (a) its ability to evoke a hypersensitive skin response in guinea pigs previously sensitized with whole tubercle bacilli; and (b) its capacity to induce hypersensitivity to one or more of its components when injected under appropriate conditions into guinea pigs. Fraction F I, a preparation precipitated from methanol extract by slow concentration at 45°C., was found to possess some toxicity and some allergenicity by all of the criteria employed. Subfraction F I-P, precipitated from aqueous suspensions of F I by 33 per cent ethanol and 0.5 per cent NaCl, was apparently the F I component responsible for these activities. The saline-ethanol-soluble subfraction, F I-S, was neither toxic nor allergenic by the tests performed. These findings were considered of particular interest inasmuch as F I-S, despite its small yield, had been shown earlier to be the most active single substance used as vaccine to increase resistance to experimental tuberculosis in mice.
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Abstract
Studies of passive transfer of cellular resistance, as manifested by refractoriness to necrotization with virulent tubercle bacilli, have shown that immune histiocytes or immune lymphocytes were effective transferring agents; immune polymorphonuclear leucocytes and immune serum as well as comparable cells from normal animals lacked this capacity. Comparisons of immune histiocytes and immune lymphocytes showed that the former cells were more efficient; this was indicated by (a) the smaller numbers of immune histiocytes needed for passive transfer, (b) the longer duration of cellular resistance in recipients given histiocytes than in those given lymphocytes, (c) the greater capacity of histiocytes to effect serial passive transfer, and (d) the ability of histiocytic but not lymphocytic lysates to transfer cellular resistance. Experiments to establish the mechanism of passive transfer of cellular resistance showed that there was no active induction of resistance in recipients through transfer of bacillary antigens contained in immune histiocytes; in fact, the results of serial passive transfers with immune histiocytes suggested an active replication of the "cell resistance factor."
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CROWLE AJ. Tuberculin skin reactions in mice hypersensitized by vaccination with living avirulent tubercle bacilli. Am Rev Respir Dis 1998; 81:893-903. [PMID: 13813049 DOI: 10.1164/arrd.1960.81.6.893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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WEISS DW. Vaccination against tuberculosis with nonliving vaccines. I. The problem and its historical background. Am Rev Respir Dis 1998; 80:495-509. [PMID: 13843707 DOI: 10.1164/arrd.1959.80.4p1.495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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ALLERHAND J, ZITRIN CM. Detection of antibodies in the alpha-2 and gamma-globulin fractions of human tuberculous sera. J Immunol 1962; 89:252-6. [PMID: 13860591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
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SMITH N. Vole bacillus vaccination in guinea pigs: comparison of immunization produced by virulent and attenuated strains of vole bacillus. Tubercle 1962; 43:161-5. [PMID: 13914367 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-3879(62)80036-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
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CH'IU FH, CHUNG HL. Studies on relationship between leprosy and tuberculosis in serology and allergy. Chin Med J 1962; 81:388-93. [PMID: 13877807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
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LETTERER E. [Tuberculosis and allergy from the viewpoint of the morphologist]. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd Augenarztl Fortbild 1962; 140:609-23. [PMID: 14464413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
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LETTERER E. [The importance of allergy in the course of tuberculosis]. Allerg Asthma (Leipz) 1962; 8:65-75. [PMID: 14464410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
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FREERKSEN E. [The current picture of the nature of the tuberculin reaction and tuberculosis sensitization]. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd Augenarztl Fortbild 1962; 140:465-76. [PMID: 13894923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
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DEGLI ESPOSTI A. [Behavior of immunity acquired by the child in early infancy following modifications of the organic terrain (vaccination)]. Minerva Nipiol 1962; 12:172-6. [PMID: 13884861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
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SALVIOLI GP. [Deductions on the level of antitubercular immunity acquired after the overcoming of a primary tubercular disease in early infancy, on the basis of the state of health, in relation to tuberculosis, present during adolescence and youth]. Minerva Nipiol 1962; 12:161-71. [PMID: 14038925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
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SALVIOLI G. [The antitubercular immunity acquired during early infancy. I. General introductory section]. Minerva Nipiol 1962; 12:143-6. [PMID: 14496527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
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MARTINS J. [Immuno-allergy in tuberculosis. General review]. Med Contemp 1962; 80:43-62. [PMID: 14470555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
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DELAUNAY A. [Cellular-Koch bacillus interactions. Discovery of non-specific principles capable of augmenting cellular resistance]. Vie Med 1962; 43:261-8. [PMID: 13885077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
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AL'BERTINSKII BI, KAN GS, CHERNIGOVSKII VN. [Experience in analysis of the protective functions of the body on the basis of understanding the theory of regulation and physiology. (On the basis of tuberculosis infection)]. Vestn Akad Med Nauk SSSR 1962; 17(5):72-87. [PMID: 13859983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
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MARTINS J. [Immuno-allergy in tuberculosis. General review. II. BCG-tuberculin--the chemical and histological substrate of allergy and immunity-electrophoresis-systematization]. Med Contemp 1962; 80:1-27. [PMID: 14470553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
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HEYMANN G, DODEN W, KRUEGER J. [The "passive hemagglutination" of Middlebrook and Dubos and its use for the explanation of the etiology of unclear chronic-innammatory diseases (based on the example of endogenous inflammations of the eye)]. Arb Paul Ehrlich Inst Georg Speyer Haus Ferdinand Blum Inst Frankf A M 1962; 57:97-112. [PMID: 13907132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
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LEON AP, GIL M, DE ITA G. [Attempts at artificial immunization agaist tuberculosis with synthetic antigens]. Rev Inst Salubr Enferm Trop 1961; 21:155-92. [PMID: 14464052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
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MARTONI L. The vaccination of immature babies with V.D.S. during 1960. Panminerva Med 1961; 3:536. [PMID: 14470592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
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MALOSSI C, ZUCCHINI C. Antitubercular vaccination with V.D.S. in the Provincial Maternity and Children's Institute, Bologna, during 1960. Panminerva Med 1961; 3:537-8. [PMID: 14469041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
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SALVIOLI G. The Antitubercular Vaccination Centre in Bologna from 1939 to 1961. Panminerva Med 1961; 3:533-4. [PMID: 14496524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
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MARTINS J. [Immuno-allergy in tuberculosis. General review]. Med Contemp 1961; 79:481-507. [PMID: 14470554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
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BACIALLI L. Antitubercular measures carried out at birth in the Institute of Obstetrics of the University of Bologna during 1960. Panminerva Med 1961; 3:535-6. [PMID: 13863751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
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VERONESI G, MASSA B. [Tissular factor of resistance to tuberculous disease]. Arch Sci Med (Torino) 1961; 112:254-69. [PMID: 14037958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
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SALVIOLI GP, PIAZZI G. [Experimental virus diseases in animals pretreated with killed Koch bacilli and Salvioli diffusing vaccine (SDV). Preliminary note]. Boll Soc Ital Biol Sper 1961; 37:882-3. [PMID: 14496528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
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OPRESCU CC. [Where is the problem of antituberculous immunity?]. Biol Med (Paris) 1961; 50:405-23. [PMID: 14482147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
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TISSEUIL J. [Lepromas contaminated by tuberculosis or paratuberculosis bacill will be improper for the preparation of Mitsuda's antigen]. Bull Soc Pathol Exot Filiales 1961; 54:942-3. [PMID: 13921373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
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LEON AP. [Bioprophylaxis of tuberculosis]. Rev Mex Tuberc Enferm Apar Respir 1961; 22:289-298. [PMID: 24546621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
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