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Pandey VK, Srivastava S, Ashish, Dash KK, Singh R, Dar AH, Singh T, Farooqui A, Shaikh AM, Kovacs B. Bioactive properties of clove ( Syzygium aromaticum) essential oil nanoemulsion: A comprehensive review. Heliyon 2024; 10:e22437. [PMID: 38163240 PMCID: PMC10755278 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Syzygium aromaticum, commonly called clove, is a culinary spice with medical uses. Clove is utilized in cosmetics, medicine, gastronomy, and agriculture due to its abundance of bioactive components such as gallic acid, flavonoids, eugenol acetate, and eugenol. Clove essential oil has been revealed to have antibacterial, antinociceptive, antibacterial activities, antifungal, and anticancerous qualities. Anti-inflammatory chemicals, including eugenol and flavonoids, are found in clove that help decrease inflammation and alleviate pain. The anti-inflammatory and analgesic qualities of clove oil have made it a popular natural cure for toothaches and gum discomfort. Due to its therapeutic potential, it has been used as a bioactive ingredient in coating fresh fruits and vegetables. This review article outlines the potential food processing applications of clove essential oil. The chemical structures of components, bioactive properties, and medicinal potential of clove essential oil, including phytochemical importance in food, have also been thoroughly addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinay Kumar Pandey
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shivangi Srivastava
- Department of Food Technology, Harcourt Butler Technical University, Nawabganj, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashish
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kshirod Kumar Dash
- Department of Food Processing Technology, Ghani Khan Choudhury Institute of Engineering and Technology (GKCIET), Malda, West Bengal, 732141, India
| | - Rahul Singh
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Aamir Hussain Dar
- Department of Food Technology, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Kashmir, India
| | - Tripti Singh
- Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Alvina Farooqui
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ayaz Mukkaram Shaikh
- Faculty of Agriculture, Food Science and Environmental Management, Institute of Food Science, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Bela Kovacs
- Faculty of Agriculture, Food Science and Environmental Management, Institute of Food Science, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
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Amtaghri S, Slaoui M, Eddouks M. Mentha pulegium: A Plant With Several Medicinal Properties. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2023; 23:EMIDDT-EPUB-134526. [PMID: 37711001 DOI: 10.2174/1871530323666230914103731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
The species Mentha pulegium L. (M. pulegium L.) belongs to the family Lamiaceae, native to Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East, and the genus Mentha. It has been traditionally used in food, cosmetics, and medicines. It is a perennial, fragrant, well-liked, herbaceous plant that can grow up to half a meter tall. It is extensively used as a food flavoring, particularly for Moroccan traditional drinks. Chewing mint and M. pulegium, a relaxing and refreshing plant, can be used to treat hiccups and act as an anticonvulsant and nerve relaxant. Pennyroyal leaves that have been crushed have a pungent, spearmint-like scent. Pennyroyal is used to make herbal teas, which, while not proven to be harmful to healthy adults in small doses, are not recommended due to their liver toxicity. Infants and children can die if they consume it. Pennyroyal leaves, both fresh and dried, are particularly effective at repelling insects. Pennyroyal essential oil should never be taken internally because it is highly toxic, even in small doses, it can be fatal. This plant is used in traditional Moroccan medicine to treat a wide range of conditions, including influenza, rheumatism, migraine, infertility, ulcer, pain, gastrointestinal problems, fever, diabetes, obesity, mental and cardiac disorders, constipation, respiratory ailments, and cough. M. pulegium is a great candidate for contemporary therapeutic usage since it contains a wide variety of biologically active compounds, including terpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, and saponins in all its parts. Among the different parts used are the whole plant, the aerial part, the stem, and the leaves. More interestingly, the entire plant contains a variety of compounds including Pulegone, Isomenthone, Carvone, Menthofuran, Menthol, 1,8-Cineole, Piperitone, Piperitenone, Neomenthol, -humulene, and 3-octanol. Eriocitrin, Hesperidin, Narirutin, Luteolin, Isorhoifolin, Galic acid, and Rosmarinic acid are found in the leaves. p-hydroxybenzoic acid, Ferulic acid, Caffeic acid, Vanillic acid, Syringic acid, Protocatechuic acid, Cinnamic acid, Phloretic acid, o-coumaric acid, p-coumaric acid, Catechin, Epicatechin, Chrysin, Quercetin, Naringenin, Carvacrol are all found in the areal part. Alterporriol G, Atropisomer, Alterporriol H, Altersolanol K, Altersolanol L, Stemphypyrone, 6-O-methylalaternin, Macrosporin, Altersolanol A, Alterporriol E, Alterporriol D, Alterporriol A, Alterporriol B, and Altersolanol J are also found in the stem of fungus. Pulegone, Piperitone, p-menthane-1,2,3-triol, β-elemenene, guanine (cis-), Carvacrol acetate, and Phenyl ethyl alcohol are all components of this plant's essential oils. Moreover, the study also sought to investigate and document all currently available evidence and information on the nutritional composition and therapeutic uses of this plant ornamental. Its pharmacological applications include antimicrobial, antioxidant, antihypertensive, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, antifungal, anticancer, burn wound healing, antispasmodic, and hepatotoxicity. Finally, toxicological studies have revealed that while low doses of extracts of the plant M. pulegium are not toxic, however, its essential oils of it are extremely toxic. In order to evaluate future research needs and investigate its pharmacological applications through clinical trials, the current assessment focuses on the distribution, chemical composition, biological activities, and primary uses of the plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smail Amtaghri
- Team of Ethnopharmacology and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Errachidia, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, BP 509, Boutalamine, Errachidia, 52000, Morocco
| | - Miloudia Slaoui
- Energy, materials and sustainable development (EMDD) Team- Higher School of Technology-SALE, Center for Water, Natural Resources Environment and Sustainable Development (CERNE2D), Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Eddouks
- Team of Ethnopharmacology and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Errachidia, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, BP 509, Boutalamine, Errachidia, 52000, Morocco
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Joshi VK, Joshi A. Rational use of Ashwagandha in Ayurveda (Traditional Indian Medicine) for health and healing. J Ethnopharmacol 2021; 276:114101. [PMID: 33831467 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal (Physalis somnifera L.) is a fairly known perennial shrub of Solanaceae family, and is used in Ayurveda- Traditional Indian Medicine (TIM), since ancient times. It is well known as Ashwagandha in Sanskrit language in Ayurvedic classics. Its Mula (root) is recommended for health and healing, and the number of single and compound formulation is prescribed rationally. It is believed that the species name-somnifera is coined based on popular use to "induce sleep" in Ayurveda. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study was aimed to bring out the experience-based traditional uses of Ashwagandha for health and healing with an emphasis on the pharmacological and biochemical scientific evidences to corroborate them. The scientific evidences have been explored from the national and international publications. MATERIALS AND METHOD A comprehensive literary search of Ayurvedic classics was carried out systematically regarding Ashwagandha for its rationality behind the traditional uses. To excavate the subject matter, the original Ayurvedic scriptures and several standard Ayurvedic texts of different period was studied insightfully for meaningful contribution. It is to be noted that the primary source of knowledge was considered in writing this manuscript without any biased attitude. The available literature on Ashwagandha was also searched to ascertain the basis of scientific Latin name and correct identity. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia and other relevant scientific works were also taken into consideration to make the subject matter more clearly to the scientific world. For the scientific evidence of the uses, the international and national Journals and other published material were also searched to make it inquisitiveness to the scholars interested in Ayurvedic medicinal plants. RESULTS The present paper throws ancient luminosity behind the therapeutic uses of one of the promising plant drug i.e., Ashwagandha of ancient India even to the present time. The scientific evidences corroborate the rationality ascribed in available Ayurvedic classics of various period of India has been gained. CONCLUSION The study explores that the first reference of Ashwagandha with its significant nomenclature, useful part, properties, action, and eloquent uses has its footprint in the original texts of Ayurveda. In later works enhanced knowledge with traditional uses continued even today. Several single and compound formulations have been found to maintain the health and to alleviate the disorders rationally. It is worthy to note here that the scientific evidences corroborate the uses practiced in Ayurveda.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod Kumar Joshi
- Department of Dravyaguna, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.
| | - Apurva Joshi
- Ozone Pharmaceutical Ltd., Ozone House, Block A-3, 1 LSC, Janak Puri, New Delhi, India
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Kosonen R, Barua S, Kim JY, Lee JE. Role of agmatine in the application of neural progenitor cell in central nervous system diseases: therapeutic potentials and effects. Anat Cell Biol 2021; 54:143-151. [PMID: 34162764 PMCID: PMC8225474 DOI: 10.5115/acb.21.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Agmatine, the primary decarboxylation product of L-arginine, generated from arginine decarboxylase. Since the discovery of agmatine in the mammalian brain in the 1990s, an increasing number of agmatine-mediated effects have been discovered, demonstrating the benefits of agmatine on ischemic strokes, traumatic brain injury and numerous psychological disorders such as depression, anxiety, and stress. Agmatine also has cellular protective effects and contributes to cell proliferation and differentiation in the central nervous system (CNS). Neural progenitor cells are an important component in the recovery and repair of many neurological disorders due to their ability to differentiate into functional adult neurons. Recent data has revealed that agmatine can regulate and increase proliferation and the fate of progenitor cells in the adult hippocampus. This review aims to summarise and discuss the role of agmatine in the CNS; specifically, the effects and relationship between agmatine and neural progenitor cells and how these ideas can be applied to potential therapeutic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renée Kosonen
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sumit Barua
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Youl Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Eun Lee
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Reddy Vegivinti CT, Pederson JM, Saravu K, Gupta N, Barrett A, Davis AR, Kallmes KM, Evanson KW. Remdesivir therapy in patients with COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2021; 62:43-48. [PMID: 33489115 PMCID: PMC7806502 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2020.12.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials that examined remdesivir treatment for COVID-19. Materials and methods A systematic literature search was performed using Pubmed, Embase, and ClinicalTrials.gov to identify studies published up to October 25, 2020 that examined COVID-19 treatment with remdesivir. A total of 3 randomized controlled trials that consisted of 1691 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Results The odds for mechanical ventilation (MV) or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) following treatment was significantly lower in the remdesivir group compared to the control group (OR = 0.48 [95% CI: 0.34; 0.69], p < 0.001). The odds of early (at day 14/15; OR = 1.42 [95% CI: 1.16; 1.74], p < 0.001) and late (at day 28/29; OR = 1.44 [95% CI: 1.16; 1.79], p = 0.001) hospital discharge were significantly higher in the remdesivir group compared to the control group. There was no difference in the odds for mortality in patients treated with remdesivir (OR = 0.77 [95% CI: 0.56; 1.06], p = 0.108). Conclusions Remdesivir attenuates disease progression, leading to lower odds of MV/ECMO and greater odds of hospital discharge for COVID-19 patients. However, remdesivir does not affect odds of mortality. Remdesivir reduces the odds for mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in COVID-19 patients. Remdesivir improves the odds for hospital discharge. Remdesivir does not lower the odds for mortality. Remdesivir can attenuate COVID-19 progression, but it is less effective in treating critically-ill patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charan Thej Reddy Vegivinti
- Department of General Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Kavitha Saravu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Nitin Gupta
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | | | | | | | - Kirk W. Evanson
- Superior Medical Experts, St. Paul, MN, USA
- Corresponding author. Superior Medical Experts, 1425 Minnehaha Ave. E, St. Paul, MN, 55106, USA.
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Cardetti M, Rodríguez S, Sola A. [Use (and abuse) of antibiotics in perinatal medicine]. An Pediatr (Barc) 2020; 93:207.e1-207.e7. [PMID: 32680672 DOI: 10.1016/j.anpedi.2020.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The rational use of antibiotics (ATB) implies that patients receive those adequate for their clinical needs, in correct doses according to their individual conditions, during an adequate period of time, and at the lowest cost for them and their community. The highest rate of ATB abuse occurs during the perinatal period, despite the fact that there is evidence of multiple short- and long-term negative effects. Furthermore, this abuse is associated with increased costs of medical care. OBJECTIVE To update and report the evidence on the use, abuse, and adverse effects of ATB in perinatal medicine, and possible measures to prevent them, and thus improve health care outcomes and costs. METHODS A review and analysis was performed from the literature related to the use of ATB in perinatal medicine up to February 2020. RESULTS ATB abuse in perinatal medicine ranges from 50% to 70%, with even higher rates in some neonatal centres. Adverse effects include death, increased microbial resistance, along with microbiome abnormalities and dysbiosis that lead to serious life-long complications such as infections, allergies, autoimmune disorders, gastrointestinal disorders, arthritis, asthma, obesity, and perhaps cancer. Preventing and reducing the abuse of ATB would lead to better health and to significant savings in the health sector. In only 4neonatal intensive care units, with 1000 admissions per year, savings are estimated at US$230,000 per year. CONCLUSION The need to optimise the use of ATB in perinatal medicine has never been more urgent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Cardetti
- Consejería RED SIBEN, Servicio de Neonatología Clínica y Maternidad, Centro de Endocrinología y Reproducción Humana (CERHU), San Luis, Argentina
| | - Susana Rodríguez
- Sociedad Iberoamericana de Neonatología (SIBEN). Docencia e Investigación, Hospital Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Yoshii A, Sekihara M, Furusawa T, Hombhanje F, Tsukahara T. Factors associated with children's health facility visits for primaquine treatment in rural Papua New Guinea. Malar J 2019; 18:42. [PMID: 30786891 PMCID: PMC6383275 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-019-2675-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To control and eventually eliminate vivax malaria, radical treatment with primaquine (PQ) is essential after completion of blood-stage treatment. Although in many malaria-endemic countries, village health volunteers (VHVs) are engaged in diagnostic treatment of malaria in remote communities, they principally provide blood-stage treatment. In such a situation, access to PQ following blood-stage treatment can be a barrier to complete treatment. However, studies on access to PQ treatment have been scarce and limited in health facility-based settings. This study aimed to identify factors associated with access to PQ treatment in rural Papua New Guinea (PNG) from the community case management perspective. Methods A community-based, cross-sectional survey was conducted to collect sociodemographic information on children under 15 years of age, their households, and their caretakers in East Sepik Province, PNG. Data collection lasted from February to March, 2015. Information on the diagnoses of potential non-falciparum malaria and prescription of PQ in preceding year (January to December 2014) were obtained from child health-record books. Then, multilevel logistic regression model was used to determine the factors associated with formal health facility visits for PQ treatment among children with potential non-falciparum malaria. Results Of 420 episodes diagnosed as potential non-falciparum malaria, 46 (11%) were immediately given PQ. The rest were instructed to visit formal health facilities (HFs) for PQ, and the patients obtained PQ during the second visit to HFs was 44%. Consequently, the overall proportion of PQ prescription was 50%. Logistic regression analysis suggested that among the patients who were instructed to visit HFs for PQ treatment, the initial visit to VHV and higher transportation costs to HF were inversely associated with PQ prescription during the second visit to an HF. Conclusions Few children received PQ treatment during the second visit to HFs following diagnosis of potential non-falciparum malaria. These findings suggest a need to establish a policy to reduce structural and economic barriers and improve rural inhabitant access to PQ treatment. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12936-019-2675-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Yoshii
- TWMU Career Development Center for Medical Professionals, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8666, Japan.,Department of International Affairs and Tropical Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8666, Japan
| | - Makoto Sekihara
- Department of International Affairs and Tropical Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8666, Japan.,Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 6th Floor, Bldg. No.9, 2-1-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Takuro Furusawa
- Department of Ecology and Environment, Graduate School of Asian and African Area Studies, Kyoto University, Room#AA431, Research Bldg. No.2, Yoshida-Honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Francis Hombhanje
- Centre for Health Research and Diagnostics, Divine Word University-Rabaul Campus, Kokopo, Papua New Guinea
| | - Takahiro Tsukahara
- Department of International Affairs and Tropical Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8666, Japan. .,School of Economics, Hosei University Graduate School, 2-15-2 Ichigaya Tamachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-0843, Japan.
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Huang YS, Chen JL, Chen JY, Lee YF, Huang JY, Kuo SH, Yen RF, Chang YC. Predicting tumor responses and patient survival in chemoradiotherapy-treated patients with non-small-cell lung cancer using dynamic contrast-enhanced integrated magnetic resonance-positron-emission tomography. Strahlenther Onkol 2019; 195:707-18. [PMID: 30610356 DOI: 10.1007/s00066-018-1418-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We investigated whether radiologic parameters by dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) integrated magnetic resonance-positron-emission tomography (MR-PET) predicts tumor response to treatment and survival in non-metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients receiving chemoradiotherapy (CRT). METHODS Patients underwent DCE integrated MR-PET imaging 1 week before CRT. The following parameters were analyzed: primary tumor size, gross tumor volume, maximal standardized uptake value (SUVmax), total lesion glycolysis (TLG), apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), volume transfer constant (Ktrans), reverse reflux rate constant (kep), extracellular extravascular volume fraction (ve), blood plasma volume fraction (vp), and initial area under the time-concentration curve defined over the first 60 s post-enhancement (iAUC60). CRT responses were defined using the revised Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) guideline (version 1.1). RESULTS Thirty patients were included. Non-responders demonstrated higher baseline TLG (p = 0.012), and lower baseline Ktrans (p = 0.020) and iAUC60 (p = 0.016) compared to responders, indicating the usefulness of DCE integrated MR-PET to predict treatment responses. Receiver operating characteristic curve indicated that TLG has the best differentiation capability to predict responders. By setting the threshold of TLG to 277, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 66.7%, 83.3%, and 75.0%, respectively, with an area under the curve of 0.776. The median follow-up time was 19.6 (range 7.8-32.0) months. In univariate analyses, baseline TLG >277 (p = 0.005) and baseline Ktrans <254 (10-3 min-1; p = 0.015) correlated with poor survival after CRT. In multivariate analysis, baseline TLG >277 remained the significant factor in predicting progression (p = 0.012) and death (p = 0.031). CONCLUSIONS The radiologic parameters derived from DCE integrated MR-PET scans are useful for predicting treatment response in NSCLC patients treated with CRT; furthermore, these parameters are correlated with clinical and survival outcomes including tumor progression and death.
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Arjmand B, Larijani B, Sheikh Hosseini M, Payab M, Gilany K, Goodarzi P, Parhizkar Roudsari P, Amanollahi Baharvand M, Hoseini Mohammadi NS. The Horizon of Gene Therapy in Modern Medicine: Advances and Challenges. Adv Exp Med Biol 2019; 1247:33-64. [PMID: 31845133 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2019_463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Gene therapy as a novel study in molecular medicine will have a significant impact on human health in the near future. In recent years, the scope of gene therapy has been developed and is now beginning to revolutionize therapeutic approaches. Accordingly, many types of diseases are now being studied and treated in clinical trials through various gene delivery vectors. The emergence of recombinant DNA technology which provides the possibility of fetal genetic screening and genetic counseling is a good case in point. Therefore, gene therapy advances are being applied to correct inherited genetic disorders such as hemophilia, cystic fibrosis, and familial hypercholesterolemia as well as acquired diseases like cancer, AIDS, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and infectious diseases like HIV. As a result, gene therapy approaches have the ability to help the vast majority of newborns with different diseases. Since these ongoing treatments and clinical trials are being developed, many more barriers and challenges have been created. In order to continue this positive growth, these challenges need to be recognized and addressed. Accordingly, safety, efficiency and also risks and benefits of gene therapy trials for each disease should be considered. As a result, sustained manufacturing of the therapeutic gene product without any harmful side effects is the least requirement for gene therapy. Herein, different aspects of gene therapy, an overview of the progress, and also the prospects for the future have been discussed for the successful practice of gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babak Arjmand
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Metabolomics and Genomics Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Motahareh Sheikh Hosseini
- Metabolomics and Genomics Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Moloud Payab
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kambiz Gilany
- Reproductive Immunology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.,Integrative Oncology Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parisa Goodarzi
- Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Peyvand Parhizkar Roudsari
- Metabolomics and Genomics Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mobina Amanollahi Baharvand
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Negin Sadat Hoseini Mohammadi
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Ni GC, Liu CJ, Zeng X, Chen QM. [Application and prospect of three-dimentional printing in stomatology]. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2018; 53:712-715. [PMID: 30392231 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1002-0098.2018.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Three dimentional printing is a new rapid prototyping technology based on digital model files, which developed through a combination of multi-disciplines such as information technology, precision machinery and materials science. With rapid development in recent years, three dimentional printing technology has been widely used in the medical fields, stomatology especially. It gradually penetrates into various parts of stomatology, such as education, practice and innovation, making stomatology clinical medicine more and more efficient, accurate and minimally invasive. Combined with basic research and clinical cases, this article describes the application and developent prospects of three dimentional printing technology in stomatology.
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Affiliation(s)
- G C Ni
- Department of Oral Mucosa, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University & State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - C J Liu
- Department of Oral Mucosa, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University & State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - X Zeng
- Department of Oral Mucosa, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University & State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Q M Chen
- Department of Oral Mucosa, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University & State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chengdu 610041, China
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Si Y, Ma Y, Guo Y, Pan Y, Zheng S, Xu G, Da W, Xu L. Efficacy and safety of Shaoyang Xibi decoction in patients with knee osteoarthritis: a multi-center, single-blind, randomized controlled trial. J TRADIT CHIN MED 2018; 38:733-739. [PMID: 32185990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To observe the efficacy and safety of Shaoyang Xibi decoction (SYXBD) in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA), and to verify that the theory of ""Shaoyang dominating bone"" in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) can be applied to KOA treatment. METHODS Participants were randomly allocated to two groups: SYXBD (treatment group, n = 66) and Meloxicam (control group, n = 66). Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) and 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) were used to assess efficacy before the treatment and 8 weeks after the treatment. RESULTS Baseline data before the treatment between the two groups were similar. The WOMAC scores significantly decreased and the SF-36 scores significantly increased after 8- week treatment in both groups compared with before the treatment (P < 0.05). SYXBD significantly decreased pain scores (P < 0.001), physical function scores (P < 0.001) and the total scores (P < 0.001) in WOMAC compared to Meloxicam. SYXBD significantly improved physical function (P = 0.021), bodily pain (P = 0.002) and general health (P = 0.014), with no significant difference in role emotional (P = 0.053), role physical (P = 0.517), vitality (P = 0.241), social function (P = 0.712) and mental health (P = 0.800) in SF-36 compared to Meloxicam. No adverse events were reported in the treatment group while 13 adverse events happened in the control group during the study. CONCLUSION SYXBD, prepared based on the theory of ""Shaoyang dominating bone"", has a better curative efficay and safety in patients with KOA compared with Meloxicam. The TCM theory of ""Shaoyang dominating bone"" may be useful in KOA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao Si
- the First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
- Laboratory for New Technique of Restoration & Reconstruction of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yong Ma
- Laboratory for New Techniques of Restoration & Reconstruction of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
- School of Nursing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yang Guo
- Laboratory for New Techniques of Restoration & Reconstruction of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | | | - Suyang Zheng
- Laboratory for New Techniques of Restoration & Reconstruction of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Guihua Xu
- School of Nursing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
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Kong SH, Lim JA, Song YS, Moon S, Kim YA, Kim MJ, Cho SW, Moon JH, Yi KH, Park DJ, Cho BY, Park YJ. Star-Shaped Intense Uptake of ¹³¹I on Whole Body Scans Can Reflect Good Therapeutic Effects of Low-Dose Radioactive Iodine Treatment of 1.1 GBq. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2018; 33:228-235. [PMID: 29766683 PMCID: PMC6021303 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2018.33.2.228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND After initial radioactive iodine (RAI) treatment in differentiated thyroid cancer patients, we sometimes observe a star-shaped region of intense uptake of ¹³¹I on whole body scans (WBSs), called a 'star artifact.' We evaluated the clinical implications of star artifacts on the success rate of remnant ablation and long-term prognosis. METHODS Total 636 patients who received ¹³¹I dose of 1.1 GBq for the initial RAI therapy and who did not show distant metastasis at the time of diagnosis were retrospectively evaluated. A negative second WBS was used for evaluating the ablation efficacy of the RAI therapy. Among them, 235 patients (36.9%) showed a star artifact on their first WBS. RESULTS In patients with first stimulated thyroglobulin (sTg) levels ≤2 ng/mL, patients with star artifacts had a higher rate of negative second WBS compared with those without star artifacts (77.8% vs. 63.9%, P=0.044), and showed significantly higher recurrence-free survival (P=0.043) during the median 8.0 years (range, 1.0 to 10.0) of follow-up. The 5- and 10-year recurrence rates (5YRR, 10YRR) were also significantly lower in patients with star artifacts compared with those without (0% vs. 4.9%, respectively, P=0.006 for 5YRR; 0% vs. 6.4%, respectively, P=0.005 for 10YRR). However, ablation success rate or recurrence-free survival was not different among patients whose first sTg levels >2 ng/mL regardless of star artifacts. CONCLUSION Therefore, star artifacts at initial RAI therapy imply a good ablation efficacy or a favorable long-term prognosis in patients with sTg levels ≤2 ng/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Hye Kong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Ah Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Shin Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Shinje Moon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ye An Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Joo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun Wook Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Hoon Moon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Ka Hee Yi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Do Joon Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bo Youn Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Joo Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Riaz G, Chopra R. A review on phytochemistry and therapeutic uses of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 102:575-586. [PMID: 29597091 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (roselle) belonging to the Malvaceae family is widely grown in many countries. This plant is often used in the traditional medicine being rich in phytochemicals like polyphenols especially anthocyanins, polysaccharides and organic acids thus having enormous prospective in modern therapeutic uses. The study aimed to review and document all the available evidence and information about the calyces of Hibiscus sabdariffa (roselle) with the special focus on their nutritional composition, bioactive constituents and therapeutic uses. The electronic database was searched up to 2017, using keywords Hibiscus sabdariffa, chemical constituents of roselle, therapeutic uses of roselle. Journals, books and conference proceedings were also searched. The review provides valuable information about the nutraceutical component of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. and their utilization for curing various degenerative diseases like hypertension, hyperlipidemia, cancer and other inflammatory diseases of liver and kidney. Their toxicological effects have also been discussed from a safety point of view. Most studies supported and provided the scientific basis for the statement that Hibiscus sabdariffa and their active constituents play an important role in the prevention of chronic and degenerative diseases that are associated with oxidative stress. Our study suggests, that good research is needed, to establish a potential strategy that can balance the pharmacological and toxic effects of roselle and standardized fingerprint of Hibiscus sabdariffa is required internationally for quality control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazala Riaz
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Institute of Home Economics, F-4 Hauz Khas Enclave, New Delhi, 1100016, India.
| | - Rajni Chopra
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Institute of Home Economics, F-4 Hauz Khas Enclave, New Delhi, 1100016, India; Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Delhi, India.
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Manchikanti L, Pampati V, Kaye AD, Hirsch JA. Therapeutic lumbar facet joint nerve blocks in the treatment of chronic low back pain: cost utility analysis based on a randomized controlled trial. Korean J Pain 2018; 31:27-38. [PMID: 29372023 PMCID: PMC5780212 DOI: 10.3344/kjp.2018.31.1.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Related to escalating health care costs and the questionable effectiveness of multiple interventions including lumbar facet joint interventions, cost effectiveness or cost utility analysis has become the cornerstone of evidence-based medicine influencing coverage decisions. Methods Cost utility of therapeutic lumbar facet joint nerve blocks in managing chronic low back pain was performed utilizing data from a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial with a 2-year follow-up, with direct payment data from 2016. Based on the data from surgical interventions, utilizing the lowest proportion of direct procedural costs of 60%, total cost utility per quality adjusted life year (QALY) was determined by multiplying the derived direct cost at 1.67. Results Patients in this trial on average received 5.6 ± 2.6 procedures over a period of 2 years, with average relief over a period of 2 years of 82.8 ± 29.6 weeks with 19 ± 18.77 weeks of improvement per procedure. Procedural cost for one-year improvement in quality of life showed USD $2,654.08. Estimated total costs, including indirect costs and drugs with multiplication of direct costs at 1.67, showed a cost of USD $4,432 per QALY. Conclusions The analysis of therapeutic lumbar facet joint nerve blocks in the treatment of chronic low back pain shows clinical effectiveness and cost utility at USD $2,654.08 for the direct costs of the procedures, and USD $4,432 for the estimated overall cost per one year of QALY, in chronic persistent low back pain non-responsive to conservative management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alan D Kaye
- LSU Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Joshua A Hirsch
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Bai K, Liu CJ, Fu YQ, Xu F. [Application of improved regional citrate anticoagulation in continuous hemofiltration in children]. Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi 2017; 55:334-337. [PMID: 28482382 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1310.2017.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the application of regional citrate anticoagulation with calcium hemofiltration basic solution in continuous hemofiltration in children. Method: The clinical data of 18 patients with citrate anticoagulation in continuous hemofiltration in children, excluding the hepatic failure and septic shock cases, were analyzed retrospectively, from September 2015 to August 2016 in Intensive Care Unit of the Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University.The commercial calcium hemofiltration basic solution was used as displacement liquid . The blood gas analysis, electrolyte, four coagulation tests during the treatment and the corresponding relations of quantity of blood flow(QB), quantity of citrate flow(QCi), quantity of sodium bicarbonate flow(QSB), quantity of calcium flow(QCa), quantity of filtered solution flow (Qf) were monitored. Meanwhile, the blood gas analysis, electrolyte, four coagulation tests, useful life of filter, bleeding and clotting events internal and external before, during and after the treatments were monitored, too. And the common complications of citrate anticoagulation, such as hypocalcaemia, metabolic alkalosis, citrate accumulation and hypernatremia were observed. Result: Continuous hemofiltration was applied in 18 patients for 734.5 hours, and the average useful life of filter was (25±11)h.There was no obvious clotting event. There were 168 groups of datum of the blood gas analysis, electrolyte, four coagulation tests during the treatment and the relationships of QB, QCi, QSB, QCa, Qf had been collected. The relationships of the initial parameter settings of QB, QCi, QSB, QCa and Qf were concluded as QCi=1.8×QB, QCa=0.12×QB, QSB=0.01×Qf . There were 150 times(89.3%)of extracorporeal ionized calcium(iCa(E)(2+)) and 162 times(96.4%) of intracorporal ionized calcium(iCa(I)(2+)) reached the anticoagulation target. Although all the comparisons of Na(+) ((136.2±4.1)vs.(138.2±2.4)vs.(138.5±3.9)mmol/L), iCa(2+) ((1.07±0.11)vs.(1.21±0.12)vs.(1.17±0.09)mmol/L), HCO(3)(-) ((22±4)vs.(28±5)vs. (26±4)mmol/L) among before, during and after treatment had significant difference(F=6.414, 18.950, 19.151; P=0.002, 0.000, 0.000). Each mean parameter was within the nearly normal range, except that the HCO(3)(-) increased slightly. High HCO(3)(-) was the most common complications, which happened 87 times (51.8%) during the treatment and 11 cases(37.9%) after the treatment. There was none with refractory hypocalcemia and total ionized calcium(TCa(2+) )/iCa(2+) above 2.5, which hints the accumulation of citrate. Conclusion: The commercialized displacement liquid containing calcium can be used in RCA-CHF in children safely and simply.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Bai
- Intensive Care Unit, the Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders; Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing; Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing 400014, China
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Li YH, Liu JQ, Xiao D, Zhang W, Hu DH. [Advances in the research of mechanism in prevention and treatment of scar with botulinum toxin type A and its clinical application]. Zhonghua Shao Shang Za Zhi 2017; 33:254-6. [PMID: 28427139 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1009-2587.2017.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Scar is a common complication in wound healing process, and how to effectively prevent and treat it is a hot and difficult problem in burns and plastic surgery field. Botulinum toxin type A is a neurotoxin that has been widely and effectively used in the cosmetic surgery field such as anti-wrinkle and thin face. In recent years, botulinum toxin type A has been applied in prevention and treatment of scar, which causes a great concern. Nowadays, the relevant reports have gradually increased, and the mechanisms have been explored more deeply. This article aims to summarize the possible mechanisms and clinical reports on the prevention and treatment of scar by botulinum toxin type A to provide a new way for the prevention and treatment of scar after surgery.
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He DM, Zhang LZ, Yang C. [Development and preliminary clinical application of home-made temporomandibular joint prostheses]. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2017; 52:232-7. [PMID: 28412789 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1002-0098.2017.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the clinical application of home-made temporomandibular joint (TMJ) prostheses. Methods: Self-developed TMJ prostheses were applied for end stage osteoarthritis, TMJ ankylosis, condylar tumors after biomechanical examination. The stability of the prostheses toward bone was evaluated during operation. Post-operative CT scans and clinical follow-ups were taken to check changes of mouth opening, position of the prostheses, bone resorption around the screws, and heterotopic bone formation around artificial condyle. Results: There were 6 patients accepted 7 prostheses smoothly without infection and other complications. Post-operative follow-ups were from 6 to 13 months with a mean of 7.6 months. Mouth opening was significantly improved from (16.2±14.4) mm before operation to (31.5±4.8) mm during follow-ups (P=0.01). All prostheses were stable without screw loose and heterotopic bone formation. Conclusions: Home-made TMJ prostheses were stable after primary clinical application, but the long-term results need to be observed.
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Majidpour A, Fathizadeh S, Afshar M, Rahbar M, Boustanshenas M, Heidarzadeh M, Arbabi L, Soleymanzadeh Moghadam S. Dose-Dependent Effects of Common Antibiotics Used to Treat Staphylococcus aureus on Biofilm Formation. Iran J Pathol 2017; 12:362-70. [PMID: 29563932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE Staphylococcus aureus, especially methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), represent serious nosocomial and community infections. Biofilm formation as an important virulence factor may be affected by sub-inhibitory levels of antibiotics. Few studies examined the effects of all therapeutic antimicrobial agents on clinical S.aureus. The current study aimed at observing the inducing and reducing effects of antibiotics, commonly used to treat staphylococcal infections on the production of staphylococcal biofilm. METHODS Four MRSA (1ATCC and 3 clinical) and 1 methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) strains with biofilm forming ability, evaluated by the Congo red agar (CRA) plate test, were employed. Biofilm formation was measured by crystal violet microtiter plate assay. Cefazolin, rifampicin, vancomycin, oxacillin, clindamycin, cotrimoxazole, minocycline, linezolid, azithromycin, and clarithromycin were added to wells ranging from 0.06to 128 µg/mL (1× to 1/1024 MIC dependent on the MIC value of each strain). RESULTS The current study showed that azithromycin and vancomycin had a significant inducing effect on biofilm formation. In contrast, linezolid, cefazolin, and clarithromycin, and in the second place, clindamycin and minocycline could inhibit the level of biofilm production in the sub-minimal inhibitory concentrations. CONCLUSION The findings demonstrated that the biofilm formation as an important virulence factor may be affected by the subinhibitory levels of antibiotics.
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Kondo T, Takagi T, Tanabe K. Therapeutic role of template-based lymphadenectomy in urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract. World J Clin Oncol 2015; 6:237-51. [PMID: 26677437 PMCID: PMC4675909 DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v6.i6.237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Revised: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lymphadenectomy for urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract has attracted the attention of physicians. The mapping study of lymphatic spread has shown that a relatively wide area should comprise the regional nodes for tumors of the right renal pelvis or the right upper two-thirds of the ureter. A prospective study showed that an anatomical template-based lymphadenectomy significantly improved patient survival in tumors of the renal pelvis. This benefit was more evident for patients with pT2 stage tumors or higher. The risk of regional node recurrence is significant reduced by template-based lymphadenectomy, which is likely to be associated with improved patient survival. The removal of lymph node micrometastases is assumed to be the reason for therapeutic benefit following lymphadenectomy. The number of resected lymph nodes can be used to assess the quality of lymphadenectomy, but not to determine the extent of lymphadenectomy. The guidelines currently recommend lymphadenectomy for patients with muscle-invasive disease, even though the current recommendation grades are still low. The present limitation of lymphadenectomy is the lack of standardization of the extent of lymphadenectomy and the randomized trials. Further studies are warranted to collect the evidence to support lymphadenectomy.
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Machado-Alba JE, Calvo-Torres LF, García-Betancur S, Aguirre-Novoa A, Bañol-Giraldo AM. Drug utilisation study in patients receiving antiepileptic drugs in Colombia. Neurologia 2016; 31:89-96. [PMID: 26304659 DOI: 10.1016/j.nrl.2015.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Revised: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study examines the indications according to which antiepileptic drugs are prescribed and used in a population of patients enrolled in the Colombian national health system (SGSSS). METHODS Retrospective cross-sectional study. From the pool of individuals in 34 Colombian cities who used antiepileptic drugs between 18 July, 2013 and 31 August, 2014 during a period of no less than 12 months, we obtained a random sample stratified by city. Socio-demographic, pharmacological and comorbidity variables were analysed. Continuous and categorical variables were compared, and logistic regression models were used. RESULTS Our patient total was 373 patients, with 197 women (52.1%) and a mean age of 41.9 ± 21.7 years; 65.4% of the patients were treated with monotherapy. The most frequently used drugs were valproic acid (53.1%) and carbamazepine (33.2%). Epilepsy was the most frequent indication (n=178; 47.7%); however, 52.3% of the patients were prescribed antiepileptics for different indications, especially neuropathic pain (26.8%), affective disorders (14.2%) and migraine prophylaxis (12.3%). A total of 81 patients with epilepsy (46.6%) displayed good seizure control while another 25 (14.4%) had drug-resistant epilepsy. In the multivariate analysis, medication adherence was associated with a lower risk of treatment failure in patients with epilepsy (OR: 0.27; 95%CI, 0.11-0.67). CONCLUSIONS In Colombia, antiepileptic drugs are being used for indications other than those originally intended. Monotherapy is the most commonly used treatment approach, together with the use of classic antiepileptic drugs.
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