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Lan Y, Han X, Huang F, Shi H, Wu H, Yang L, Hu Z, Wu X. Early Growth Response Gene-1 Deficiency Interrupts TGFβ1 Signaling Activation and Aggravates Neurodegeneration in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Mice. Neurosci Bull 2024; 40:283-292. [PMID: 37725245 PMCID: PMC10912064 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-023-01111-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Early growth response protein 1 (Egr-1) triggers the transcription of many genes involved in cell growth, differentiation, synaptic plasticity, and neurogenesis. However, its mechanism in neuronal survival and degeneration is still poorly understood. This study demonstrated that Egr-1 was down-regulated at mRNA and protein levels in the central nervous system (CNS) of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mice. Egr-1 knockout exacerbated EAE progression in mice, as shown by increased disease severity and incidence; it also aggravated neuronal apoptosis, which was associated with weakened activation of the BDNF/TGFβ 1/MAPK/Akt signaling pathways in the CNS of EAE mice. Consistently, Egr-1 siRNA promoted apoptosis but mitigated the activation of BDNF/TGFβ 1/MAPK/Akt signaling in SH-SY5Y cells. Our results revealed that Egr-1 is a crucial regulator of neuronal survival in EAE by regulating TGFβ 1-mediated signaling activation, implicating the important role of Egr-1 in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis as a potential novel therapy target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyi Lan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The State Administration of TCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xinyan Han
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The State Administration of TCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Fei Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The State Administration of TCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Hailian Shi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The State Administration of TCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Hui Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The State Administration of TCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Central Laboratory, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200021, China.
| | - Zhibi Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The State Administration of TCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Xiaojun Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The State Administration of TCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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Lu S, Chen X, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Luo J, Jiang H, Fang L, Zhou H. Downregulation of PDZK1 by TGF-β1 promotes renal fibrosis via inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition of renal tubular cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 220:116015. [PMID: 38158021 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.116015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1)-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of renal tubular cells promotes renal fibrosis and the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). PDZ domain-containing 1 (PDZK1) is highly expressed in renal tubular epithelial cells; however, its role in TGF-β1-induced EMT remains poorly understood. The present study showed that PDZK1 expression was extremely downregulated in fibrotic mouse kidneys and its negative correlation with TGF-β1 expression and the degree of renal fibrosis. In addition, TGF-β1 downregulated the mRNA expression of PDZK1 in a time- and concentration-dependent manner in vitro. The downregulation of PDZK1 exacerbated TGF-β1-induced EMT upon oxidative stress, while the overexpression of PDZK1 had the converse effect. Subsequent investigations demonstrated that TGF-β1 downregulated PDZK1 expression via p38 MAPK or PI3K/AKT signaling in vitro, but independently of ERK/JNK MAPK signaling. Meanwhile, inhibition of the p38/JNK MAPK or PI3K/AKT signaling using chemical inhibitors restored the PDZK1 expression, mitigated renal fibrosis, and elevated renal levels of endogenous antioxidants carnitine and ergothioneine in adenine-induced CKD mice. These findings provide the first evidence suggesting a negative correlation between PDZK1 and renal fibrosis, and identifying PDZK1 as a novel suppressor of renal fibrosis in CKD through ameliorating oxidant stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuanghui Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, China; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiu Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yujia Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yingqiong Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jun Luo
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Huidi Jiang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua 321036, China
| | - Luo Fang
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, China.
| | - Hui Zhou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua 321036, China.
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Kim HJ, Jin BR, An HJ. Hesperidin ameliorates benign prostatic hyperplasia by attenuating cell proliferation, inflammatory response, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition via the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 160:114389. [PMID: 36791565 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessively activated transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) exacerbates benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) by triggering epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) as well as epithelial and stromal cell differentiation. Hesperidin (HSP), a flavanone rich in citrus peels, exhibits a safe anti-cancer activity with few side effects. Although HSP reportedly inhibits cell growth in prostate cancer, studies on BPH have not yet been reported. Thus, this study aimed to figure out the therapeutic effect of HSP and its underlying mechanisms in BPH models in vivo and in vitro. To evaluate the anti-BPH effect of HSP in vivo, rats were injected with testosterone propionate (TP; 10 mg/kg, s.c.), finasteride (5 mg/kg, p.o.), and HSP (50 and 100 mg/kg, i.p.) for four weeks. The in vitro efficacy of HSP was evaluated using two prostate cell models, BPH-1 and dihydrotestosterone-stimulated WPMY-1 cells, for studying the interaction between epithelial and stromal cells. Both in vivo and in vitro, HSP inhibited prostate cell proliferation by suppressing the expression of androgen receptor-related markers. In addition, HSP reduced the expression levels of inflammatory and mesenchymal markers by blocking TGF-β1 activation. Collectively, HSP alleviated BPH by attenuating prostate cell proliferation, the inflammatory response, and EMT by regulating the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway. Thus, these results provide evidence for a new therapeutic approach against BPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Jung Kim
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Bo-Ram Jin
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyo-Jin An
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; Department of Integrated Drug Development and Natural Products, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
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Devan AR, Pavithran K, Nair B, Murali M, Nath LR. Deciphering the role of transforming growth factor-beta 1 as a diagnostic-prognostic-therapeutic candidate against hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 2022; 28:5250-5264. [PMID: 36185626 PMCID: PMC9521521 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i36.5250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) is a multifunctional cytokine that performs a dual role as a tumor suppressor and tumor promoter during cancer progression. Among different ligands of the TGF-β family, TGF-β1 modulates most of its biological outcomes. Despite the abundant expression of TGF-β1 in the liver, steatosis to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression triggers elevated TGF-β1 levels, contributing to poor prognosis and survival. Additionally, elevated TGF-β1 levels in the tumor microenvironment create an immunosuppressive stage via various mechanisms. TGF-β1 has a prime role as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in HCC. Moreover, TGF-β1 is widely studied as a therapeutic target either as monotherapy or combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors. This review provides clinical relevance and up-to-date information regarding the potential of TGF-β1 in diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy against HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aswathy R Devan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Kochi 682041, Kerala, India
| | - Keechilat Pavithran
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi 682041, Kerala, India
| | - Bhagyalakshmi Nair
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Kochi 682041, Kerala, India
| | - Maneesha Murali
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Kochi 682041, Kerala, India
| | - Lekshmi R Nath
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Kochi 682041, Kerala, India
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Qiu J, Ma C, Dai W, Fang E, Li W, Yang F. Ghrelin attenuates transforming growth factor-β1-induced pulmonary fibrosis via the miR-125a-5p/Kruppel-like factor 13 axis. Arch Biochem Biophys 2022; 715:109082. [PMID: 34767797 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2021.109082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is a severe condition with limited therapeutic options and characterized by increased fibroblast activation and progressive accumulation of extracellular matrix. Ghrelin, a gastrointestinal hormone, has been reported to possess protective roles in lung diseases including pulmonary fibrosis. However, the precise mechanisms underlying the protective effects of ghrelin remain unknown. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of ghrelin on transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)-induced pulmonary fibrosis in vitro and in vivo and the possible mechanism of action. It was found that ghrelin significantly attenuated TGF-β1-induced fibrotic responses in human lung fibroblast (IMR-90) cells and bleomycin (BLM)-induced fibrotic lung tissues. Meanwhile, ghrelin decreased the expressions of miR-125a-5p and phosphorylated smad2/3 and increased protein expressions of Kruppel-like factor 13 (KLF13) in vivo and in vitro. Ghrelin-induced anti-fibrotic effects and smad2/3 downregulation in TGF-β1-stimulated IMR-90 cells were markedly reversed by miR-125a-5p mimics and KLF13 siRNA. Furthermore, miR-125a-5p directly targeted KLF13 in IMR-90 cells. Our findings suggest that ghrelin attenuates TGF-β1-induced pulmonary fibrosis via the miR-125a-5p/KLF13 axis, which supports ghrelin as a new therapeutic agent against pulmonary fibrosis by antagonizing the TGF-β1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Qiu
- Chengdu Medical College, No. 783, Xindu Avenue, Xindu District, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, China; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, No. 278, Baoguang Avenue, Xindu District, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, China; Key Laboratory of Geriatic Respiratory Diseases of Sichuan Higher Education Institutes, No. 278, Baoguang Avenue, Xindu District, Chengdu , 610500, Sichuan, China
| | - Chunlan Ma
- Chengdu Medical College, No. 783, Xindu Avenue, Xindu District, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, China; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, No. 278, Baoguang Avenue, Xindu District, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, China; Key Laboratory of Geriatic Respiratory Diseases of Sichuan Higher Education Institutes, No. 278, Baoguang Avenue, Xindu District, Chengdu , 610500, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenjing Dai
- Chengdu Medical College, No. 783, Xindu Avenue, Xindu District, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, China; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, No. 278, Baoguang Avenue, Xindu District, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, China; Key Laboratory of Geriatic Respiratory Diseases of Sichuan Higher Education Institutes, No. 278, Baoguang Avenue, Xindu District, Chengdu , 610500, Sichuan, China
| | - Enrong Fang
- Chengdu Medical College, No. 783, Xindu Avenue, Xindu District, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, China; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, No. 278, Baoguang Avenue, Xindu District, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, China; Key Laboratory of Geriatic Respiratory Diseases of Sichuan Higher Education Institutes, No. 278, Baoguang Avenue, Xindu District, Chengdu , 610500, Sichuan, China
| | - Wancheng Li
- Chengdu Medical College, No. 783, Xindu Avenue, Xindu District, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, China; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, No. 278, Baoguang Avenue, Xindu District, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, China; Key Laboratory of Geriatic Respiratory Diseases of Sichuan Higher Education Institutes, No. 278, Baoguang Avenue, Xindu District, Chengdu , 610500, Sichuan, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Chengdu Medical College, No. 783, Xindu Avenue, Xindu District, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, China; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, No. 278, Baoguang Avenue, Xindu District, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, China; Key Laboratory of Geriatic Respiratory Diseases of Sichuan Higher Education Institutes, No. 278, Baoguang Avenue, Xindu District, Chengdu , 610500, Sichuan, China.
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Wong HL, Hung LT, Kwok SS, Bu Y, Lin Y, Shum HC, Wang H, Lo ACY, Yam GHF, Jhanji V, Shih KC, Chan YK. The anti-scarring role of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide on cornea epithelial-stromal injury. Exp Eye Res 2021; 211:108747. [PMID: 34450184 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2021.108747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cornea epithelial-stromal scarring is related to the differentiation of fibroblasts into opaque myofibroblasts. Our study aims to assess the effectiveness of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) solution as a pre-treatment in minimizing corneal scarring. METHODS Human corneal fibroblasts were cultured in a three-dimensional collagen type I-based hydrogel in an eye-on-a-chip model. Fibroblasts were pre-treated with 2 mg/mL LBP for 24 h, followed by another 24-h incubation with 10 ng/mL transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) to induce relevant physiological events after stromal injury. Intracellular pro-fibrotic proteins, extracellular matrix proteins, and pro-inflammatory cytokines that involved in fibrosis, were assessed using immunocytochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. RESULTS Compared to the positive control TGF-β1 group, LBP pre-treated cells had a significantly lower expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin, marker of myofibroblasts, vimentin (p < 0.05), and also extracellular matrix proteins both collagen type II and type III (p < 0.05) that can be found in scar tissues. Moreover, LBP pre-treated cells had a significantly lower secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 (p < 0.05). The cell-laden hydrogel contraction and stiffness showed no significant difference between LBP pre-treatment and control groups. Fibroblasts pretreated with LBP as well had reduced angiogenic factors expression and suppression of undesired proliferation (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our results showed that LBP reduced both pro-fibrotic proteins and pro-inflammatory cytokines on corneal injury in vitro. We suggest that LBP, as a natural Traditional Chinese Medicine, may potentially be a novel topical pre-treatment option prior to corneal refractive surgeries with an improved prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Lam Wong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Lap Tak Hung
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Sum Sum Kwok
- Department of Ophthalmology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Yashan Bu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Yuan Lin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Ho Cheung Shum
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Hua Wang
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, China
| | - Amy Cheuk Yin Lo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Gary Hin Fai Yam
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Centre, USA
| | - Vishal Jhanji
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Centre, USA
| | - Kendrick Co Shih
- Department of Ophthalmology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
| | - Yau Kei Chan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
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Kinoshita M, Kobayashi S, Gotoh K, Kubo M, Hayashi K, Iwagami Y, Yamada D, Akita H, Noda T, Asaoka T, Takeda Y, Tanemura M, Eguchi H, Urakawa S, Goto K, Maekawa K, Wada H, Mori M, Doki Y. Heterogeneity of Treg/Th17 According to Cancer Progression and Modification in Biliary Tract Cancers via Self-Producing Cytokines. Dig Dis Sci 2020; 65:2937-2948. [PMID: 31853779 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-019-06011-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM We previously demonstrated that inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) was produced during cancer progression, worked together with transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1), and induced the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) with chemo-resistance against gemcitabine (GR) at the invasion front of biliary tract cancers (BTCs). However, the significance of cytokine-induced T cell accumulation at the tumor microenvironment in biliary tract cancer (BTC) is not well understood. Because these cytokines (IL-6 and TGF-β1) are able to differentiate naïve T cells into Foxp3-expressing T cells (Tregs) and/or IL-17-producing T helper 17 (Th17) cells, we investigated the relationship between heterogeneous, cancer-producing cytokines and T cell differentiation. METHODS In total, 127 curative resected specimens from patients with BTCs at Osaka University Hospital between 2000 and 2012 were evaluated for IL-6, TGF-β1, Tregs, and Th17 cells by immunohistochemistry. The ability of BTC-GR cells to undergo T cell differentiation was investigated in vitro. RESULTS Tregs accumulated at the tumor center and Th17 cells accumulated at the invasion front during cancer progression and/or metastasis; each signaled poor prognosis. Treg accumulation was related to TGF-β1 expression by cancer cells, and Th17 cell accumulation was related to IL-6 expression by cancer cells, in resected specimens; this was confirmed in vitro. Compared with parent cells, GR cells produced IL-6 but not TGF-β1 in a time-dependent manner, had EMT features, and induced T cell differentiation to Th17 cells but not Tregs. CONCLUSION Cytokines produced by cancer cells (IL-6 and TGF-β1) induced heterogeneity of Tregs and Th17 cells in the tumor microenvironment, supporting progression of BTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuru Kinoshita
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 (E2) Yamadaoka, Suita, 537-8511, Japan
| | - Shogo Kobayashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 (E2) Yamadaoka, Suita, 537-8511, Japan
| | - Kunihito Gotoh
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 (E2) Yamadaoka, Suita, 537-8511, Japan
| | - Masahiko Kubo
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 (E2) Yamadaoka, Suita, 537-8511, Japan
| | - Koji Hayashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 (E2) Yamadaoka, Suita, 537-8511, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Iwagami
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 (E2) Yamadaoka, Suita, 537-8511, Japan
| | - Daisaku Yamada
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 (E2) Yamadaoka, Suita, 537-8511, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Akita
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 (E2) Yamadaoka, Suita, 537-8511, Japan
| | - Takehiro Noda
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 (E2) Yamadaoka, Suita, 537-8511, Japan
| | - Tadafumi Asaoka
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 (E2) Yamadaoka, Suita, 537-8511, Japan
| | - Yutaka Takeda
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 (E2) Yamadaoka, Suita, 537-8511, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Kansai Rosai Hospital, Amagasaki, Japan
| | - Masahiro Tanemura
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 (E2) Yamadaoka, Suita, 537-8511, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Osaka Police Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Eguchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 (E2) Yamadaoka, Suita, 537-8511, Japan.
| | - Shinya Urakawa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 (E2) Yamadaoka, Suita, 537-8511, Japan
- Clinical Research in Tumor Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Kumiko Goto
- Clinical Research in Tumor Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- Drug Discovery and Disease Research Laboratory, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kayoko Maekawa
- Clinical Research in Tumor Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Hisashi Wada
- Clinical Research in Tumor Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Masaki Mori
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 (E2) Yamadaoka, Suita, 537-8511, Japan
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Doki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 (E2) Yamadaoka, Suita, 537-8511, Japan
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Li L, Xiang S, Wang B, Lin H, Kihara S, Sun H, Alexander PG, Tuan RS. TGF-β1 plays a protective role in glucocorticoid-induced dystrophic calcification. Bone 2020; 136:115355. [PMID: 32259685 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2020.115355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Dystrophic calcification (DC) is the deposition of calcium in degenerated tissue which occurs as a reaction to tissue damage. Sometimes if tissue repair fails, it can progress into heterotopic ossification (HO), a pathological condition of abnormal bone formation. HO happens frequently in severe trauma patients such as in blast injury, central nervous system injury and burn injury, in which excessive endogenous glucocorticoid production has always been found. Glucocorticoids have a big impact on bone and muscle. However, few studies have investigated the impact of glucocorticoids on DC/HO formation in muscle. This study aimed to determine the role of glucocorticoids in DC/HO pathogenesis following muscular injury and the possible underlying mechanism. In this study, we administered a high dose of a synthetic glucocorticoid, dexamethasone (DEX), to animals with muscle injury induced by cardiotoxin (CTX) injection to mimic a glucocorticoid excess state following severe muscle trauma. The findings reported here showed that DEX treatment together with CTX-induced muscle injury led to a significant amount of DC in muscle. This effect was likely related to protein level alterations in the fibrinolytic system and resultant decreased circulating transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1), given that supplementation of recombinant TGF-β1 markedly rescued this phenomenon. In summary, our results suggest that glucocorticoid excess impairs muscle regeneration and promotes DC/HO, and that TGF-β1 could be a key factor in modulating this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- La Li
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Graduate Program of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Shiqi Xiang
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Bing Wang
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Molecular Therapeutics Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Hang Lin
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Graduate Program of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Shinsuke Kihara
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Hui Sun
- Musculoskeletal Growth & Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Peter G Alexander
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Rocky S Tuan
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Graduate Program of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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Bons LR, Geenen LW, van den Hoven AT, Dik WA, van den Bosch AE, Duijnhouwer AL, Siebelink HMJ, Budde RPJ, Boersma E, Wessels MW, van de Laar IMBH, DeRuiter MC, Goumans MJ, Loeys BL, Roos-Hesselink JW. Blood biomarkers in patients with bicuspid aortic valve disease. J Cardiol 2020; 76:287-294. [PMID: 32265086 DOI: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2020.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with a bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) are at risk of developing valve deterioration and aortic dilatation. We aimed to investigate whether blood biomarkers are associated with disease stage in patients with BAV. METHODS Serum levels of high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), high sensitivity troponin T (hsTnT), N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), and total transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-ß1) were measured in adult BAV patients with valve dysfunction or aortic pathology. Age-matched general population controls were included for TGFß-1 measurements. Correlation analyses and multivariable linear regression were used to determine the association between (2log-transformed) biomarker levels and aortic valve regurgitation, aortic valve stenosis, aortic dilatation, or left ventricular function. RESULTS hsCRP and hsTnT were measured in the total group of 183 patients (median age 34 years, 25th-75th percentile 23-46), NT-proBNP in 162 patients, and TGF-ß1 beta in 108 patients. Elevated levels of NT-proBNP were found in 20% of the BAV patients, elevated hsTnT in 6%, and elevated hsCRP in 7%. Higher hsTnT levels were independently associated with aortic regurgitation [odds ratio per doubling (OR2log) 1.34, 95% CI 1.01;1.76] and higher NT-proBNP levels with aortic valve maximal velocity (ß2log 0.17, 95%CI 0.07;0.28) and aortic regurgitation (OR2log 1.41, 95%CI 1.11;1.79). Both BAV patients with (9.9 ± 2.7 ng/mL) and without aortic dilatation (10.4 ± 2.9 ng/mL) showed lower TGF-ß1 levels compared to general population controls (n = 85, 11.8 ± 3.2 ng/mL). CONCLUSIONS Higher NT-proBNP and hsTNT levels were associated with aortic valve disease in BAV patients. TGF-ß1 levels were lower in BAV patients than in the general population, and not related to aortic dilatation. Longitudinal data are needed to further investigate the prognostic value of biomarkers in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia R Bons
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Laurie W Geenen
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Allard T van den Hoven
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Willem A Dik
- Department of Immunology, Laboratory Medical Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Annemien E van den Bosch
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Ricardo P J Budde
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eric Boersma
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marja W Wessels
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ingrid M B H van de Laar
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marco C DeRuiter
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marie-José Goumans
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Laboratory for Cardiovascular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Bart L Loeys
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Center of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jolien W Roos-Hesselink
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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Feng F, Li N, Cheng P, Zhang H, Wang H, Wang Y, Wang W. Tanshinone IIA attenuates silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis via inhibition of TGF-β1-Smad signaling pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 121:109586. [PMID: 31706104 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β 1 (TGF-β1) is a key mediator in fibrogenesis, and is upregulated and activated in fibrotic diseases. The exact role of TGF-β1-Smad signaling in the progression of silicosis fibrosis is yet to be conclusively determined. Using a Wistar rat silicosis model, we examined whether tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) could meliorate silicosis fibrosis. The pulmonary fibroblasts of rats from the normal control group and silicosis-induced model group were extracted and examined so as to further explore the disruption of TGF-β1-Smad signaling pathway in silicosis pathogenesis and the intervention of Tan IIA in this pathway. Using RT-PCR, immunohistochemical staining, and immunofluorescence analysis, we determined that Tan IIA could ameliorate silicosis fibrosis, downregulate collagen I, collagen III, and α-SMA expression both, in vivo and in vitro. In silicosis fibroblasts, TGF-β1 induced phosphorylation of Smad2, Smad3, and negative feedback Smad7 inhibition in a dose dependent manner, and the phosphorylation of Smad3 persisted when the upstream signal was blocked. Tan IIA treatment effectively inhibited the TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of Smads, especially the persistent phosphorylation of Smad3 in the nucleus, and upregulated the expression of Smad7 in silicosis fibroblasts, leading to a reduction in ECM deposition. Our findings indicate that dysregulation of the TGF-β1-Smad signaling pathway may play an important role in the pathological process of silicosis. Tan IIA thus ameliorates silicosis fibrosis partially by suppressing activation of TGF-β1-Smad signaling pathway, which may turn out to be a potential therapeutic approach to prevent silicosis fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Feng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250033, PR China
| | - Nannan Li
- Medical college of Shandong university, Jinan, 250033, PR China
| | - Peng Cheng
- Department of Neural Medicine, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, PR China
| | - Huanan Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250033, PR China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250033, PR China
| | - Yongbin Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250033, PR China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250033, PR China.
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11
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Li N, Feng F, Wu K, Zhang H, Zhang W, Wang W. Inhibitory effects of astragaloside IV on silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis via inactivating TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 119:109387. [PMID: 31487583 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To observe the effect of astragaloside ASV (ASV) on silicosis fibroblasts, and further investigate its regulatory mechanism on TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway. METHODS Silica-induced rats model was established in this study. RT-qPCR was performed to detect α-SMA, Collagen I, Collagen III, Smad2, Smad3 and Smad7 expression. Immunofluorescence was conducted to detect α-SMA, Collagen I, Collagen III and p-Smad3 protein and the nucleoplasmic distribution of p-Smad3.Western-blotting was performed to detect the protein of Smad2, p-Smad2, Smad3, p-Smad3 and Smad7. RESULTS 20 μg/mL ASV could effectively reduce the expression of α-SMA, Collagen I, Collagen III. TGF-β1 stimulated the proliferation of fibroblasts, promoted phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3, and down-regulated Smad7 expression. Among them, continuous phosphorylation of Smad3 is a major factor in causing fibrosis. Besides, ASV can inhibit silica-induced lung fibroblast fibrosis through TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway, thereby inhibiting the formation of silicosis. CONCLUSION ASV could inhibit the expression of collagen in fibroblasts and the transformation to myofibroblasts, and has an anti-silicosis fibrosis effect, which may be related to the continuous phosphorylation of Smad3 in the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway.
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12
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Ding J, Tang Q, Luo B, Zhang L, Lin L, Han L, Hao M, Li M, Yu L, Li M. Klotho inhibits angiotensin II-induced cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, and dysfunction in mice through suppression of transforming growth factor-β1 signaling pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 859:172549. [PMID: 31325434 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Revised: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have revealed critical roles of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and microRNA-132 (miR-132), a downstream mediator of TGF-β1, in the pathogenesis of cardiac remodeling. In this study, we tested whether the antiaging protein klotho modifies angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced cardiac remodeling through regulating TGF-β1-miR-132 axis. We found that both klotho and the TGF-β1 inhibitor LY364947 significantly inhibited cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, and dysfunction in Ang II-infused mice, as evidenced by the ratios of heart weight to body weight (HW/BW), heart weight to tibial length (HW/TL), cardiomyocyte cross-sectional area, fibrotic area, and expression of prohypertrophic genes (ANP, β-MHC) and fibrotic marker genes (α-SMA, collagen I), echocardiographic parameters. Meanwhile, klotho also significantly inhibited Ang II-induced protein expression of TGF-β1 and phosphorylated Smad2/3 in the heart tissues and cultured cardiomyocytes and cardiac fibroblasts. In vitro experiments demonstrated that Ang II-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and proliferation and activation of cardiac fibroblasts were markedly inhibited by klotho, LY364947 or the miR-132 inhibitor anti-miR-132. Both klotho and the TGF-β1 inhibitor LY364947 downregulated the miR-132 expression. Additionally, klotho decreased Ang II-induced protein expressions of cardiac fibroblast growth factor (FGF)23 in vivo and in vitro. The decreased protein levels of klotho in serum and renal tissues of Ang II-infused mice were elevated by klotho. Klotho downregulated the protein levels of TGF-β1 in renal tissues of Ang II-infused mice. In conclusion, our results suggest that klotho prevents Ang II-induced cardiac remodeling and dysfunction through modifying the TGF-β1-miR-132 axis, providing an experimental basis for clinical treatment on cardiac remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieqiong Ding
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, PR China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular, Cerebrovascular, and Metabolic Disorders, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, PR China
| | - Qiong Tang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, PR China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular, Cerebrovascular, and Metabolic Disorders, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, PR China
| | - Binhua Luo
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, PR China
| | - Lijun Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, PR China
| | - Li Lin
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, PR China
| | - Lu Han
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, PR China
| | - Miaomiao Hao
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, PR China
| | - Mingyue Li
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, PR China
| | - Liangzhu Yu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, PR China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular, Cerebrovascular, and Metabolic Disorders, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, PR China.
| | - Mincai Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, PR China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular, Cerebrovascular, and Metabolic Disorders, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, PR China.
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Zhou XF, Jiang YJ, Zhang Y, Sun H, Liu Q, Shi XF. [Transforming growth factor-β1 small interfering RNA regulates platelet-derived growth factor and phosphorylated extracellular regulated protein kinase in rats with hepatic fibrosis: an experimental study]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2017; 25:701-5. [PMID: 29108193 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-3418.2017.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the impact of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) silencing by small interfering RNA (siRNA) on the expression of platelet-derived growth factor-β (PDGF-BB) and its receptor (PDGF-βR) in rats with hepatic fibrosis. Methods: A total of 40 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal control group, model group, TGF-β1 siRNA treatment group, and negative control group. All rats except those in the normal control group were given subcutaneous injection of 40% carbon tetrachloride to establish a rat model of hepatic fibrosis. The rats in the negative control group and the TGF-β1 siRNA treatment group were given tail vein injection of negative control plasmid or TGF-β1 siRNA plasmid twice a week at a dose of 0.25 mg/kg, and those in the normal control group and the model group were given the injection of sterile isotonic saline twice a week. The rats were sacrificed after 12 weeks and liver tissue samples were collected. Real-time PCR, immunohistochemistry, and Western blot were used to measure the expression of PDGF-BB, PDGF-βR, and phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (p-ERK1/2) in liver tissue. A one-way analysis of variance, the q test, and the Kruskal-Wallis test were used for statistical analysis based on data type. Results: Compared with the model group and the negative control group, the TGF-β1 siRNA treatment group had significantly inhibited mRNA and protein expression of PDGF-BB and PDGF-βR (F = 24.785 and 22.92, P < 0.01), as well as significantly inhibited expression of p-ERK1/2 (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Targeted TGF-β1 siRNA can effectively downregulate the expression of PDGF-BB, PDGF-βR, and p-ERK1/2 in liver tissue and thus help to improve hepatic fibrosis.
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He X, Li L, Tang M, Zeng Y, Li H, Yu X. Biomimetic electrical stimulation induces rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to differentiate into cardiomyocyte-like cells via TGF-beta 1 in vitro. Prog Biophys Mol Biol 2019; 148:47-53. [PMID: 28969971 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2017.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Electrical conductance is one of the factors of the microenvironment of cardiomyocytes, and electrical stimulation (ES) has been shown to modulate the differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) toward a cardiomyogenic fate. Transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) stimulates the cardiomyogenic marker expression in BMSCs. Herein, we promoted the differentiation of BMSCs into cardiomyocyte-like cells using ES to confirm if TGF-β1 mediates this event in vitro. ES increased protein levels of TGF-β1 in BMSCs, and this effect was better than that observed with 5-azacytidine (5-Aza). The effect of ES on promoting cardiomyogenic marker expression in BMSCs was enhanced by TGF-β1. Furthermore, the protein expression levels of Connexin43 (Cx43) and Alpha-actinin 2 (ACTN2) induced by ES in BMSCs were significantly decreased by pirfenidone. These results show that ES promotes cardiomyocyte-like cells differentiation in rat BMSCs and is possibly mediated by TGF-β1 in vitro.
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15
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Chen Q, Yang W, Wang X, Li X, Qi S, Zhang Y, Gao MQ. TGF-β1 Induces EMT in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells Through the TGFβ1/Smad Signaling Pathway. Cell Physiol Biochem 2017; 43:82-93. [PMID: 28848180 DOI: 10.1159/000480321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) plays a crucial role in chronic inflammation in various tissues, and is related to inflammation-caused organ fibrogenesis associated with the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the deposition of the extracellular matrix (ECM). However, the effect of TGF-β1 on bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) with mastitis, and its mechanism, remain unknown. METHODS We analyzed the level of TGF-β1 in inflamed mammary tissues and cells using western blotting. BMECs were treated with TGF-β1, and EMT-related gene and protein expression changes were evaluated using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), western blotting, and immunofluorescence. We also inhibited the TGF/Smad signaling pathway using a receptor inhibitor, and analyzed EMT-related protein expression by western blotting. In addition, we injected TGF-β1 into mice mammary glands to investigate whether it can cause mammary fibrosis in vivo. RESULTS The TGF-β1 level was up-regulated in mammary tissues with mastitis and in inducible inflammatory BMECs. TGF-β1 treatment activated the TGF/ Smad signaling pathway in BMECs during their transition to the EMT phenotype, as indicated by morphological changes from a cobblestone-like shape to a spindle-like one. TGF-β1 treatment also up-regulated the expression of α-smooth muscle actin, vimentin, and collagen I, albumin, and down-regulated the expression of E-cadherin both in mRNA level and protein level. Furthermore, TGF-β1 enhanced the gene expressions of MMP2, MMP7, and fibronectin in BMECs. TGF-β1 injection induced mice mammary infection and fibrosis. CONCLUSION These findings suggested that aberrant up-regulation of TGF-β1 in bovine mastitic mammary glands might play an important role in bovine mammary fibrosis caused by unresolved inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Wei Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xixi Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xueru Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Shaopei Qi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Ming-Qing Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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Radice PD, Mathieu P, Leal MC, Farías MI, Ferrari C, Puntel M, Salibe M, Chernomoretz A, Pitossi FJ. Fibulin-2 is a key mediator of the pro-neurogenic effect of TGF-beta1 on adult neural stem cells. Mol Cell Neurosci 2015; 67:75-83. [PMID: 26051800 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2015.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Revised: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta1), an anti-inflammatory cytokine, has been shown to have pro-neurogenic effects on adult Neural Stem Cells (aNSC) from the dentate gyrus and in vivo models. Here, we expanded the observation of the pro-neurogenic effect of TGF-beta1 on aNSC from the subventricular zone (SVZ) of adult rats and performed a functional genomic analysis to identify candidate genes to mediate its effect. 10 candidate genes were identified by microarray analysis and further validated by qRT-PCR. Of these, Fibulin-2 was increased 477-fold and its inhibition by siRNA blocks TGF-beta1 pro-neurogenic effect. Curiously, Fibulin-2 was not expressed by aNSC but by a GFAP-positive population in the culture, suggesting an indirect mechanism of action. TGF-beta1 also induced Fibulin-2 in the SVZ in vivo. Interestingly, 5 out of the 10 candidate genes identified are known to interact with integrins, paving the way for exploring their functional role in adult neurogenesis. In conclusion, we have identified 10 genes with putative pro-neurogenic effects, 5 of them related to integrins and provided proof that Fibulin-2 is a major mediator of the pro-neurogenic effects of TGF-beta1. These data should contribute to further exploring the molecular mechanism of adult neurogenesis of the genes identified and the involvement of the integrin pathway on adult neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Daniel Radice
- Leloir Institute Foundation, Institute for Biochemical Research of Buenos Aires - IIBBA CONICET, Patricias Argentinas 435, 1405 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Patricia Mathieu
- Leloir Institute Foundation, Institute for Biochemical Research of Buenos Aires - IIBBA CONICET, Patricias Argentinas 435, 1405 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Celeste Leal
- Leloir Institute Foundation, Institute for Biochemical Research of Buenos Aires - IIBBA CONICET, Patricias Argentinas 435, 1405 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Isabel Farías
- Leloir Institute Foundation, Institute for Biochemical Research of Buenos Aires - IIBBA CONICET, Patricias Argentinas 435, 1405 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carina Ferrari
- Italian Hospital, Juan D. Perón 4190, 1181 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariana Puntel
- Leloir Institute Foundation, Institute for Biochemical Research of Buenos Aires - IIBBA CONICET, Patricias Argentinas 435, 1405 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariano Salibe
- Leloir Institute Foundation, Institute for Biochemical Research of Buenos Aires - IIBBA CONICET, Patricias Argentinas 435, 1405 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ariel Chernomoretz
- Leloir Institute Foundation, Institute for Biochemical Research of Buenos Aires - IIBBA CONICET, Patricias Argentinas 435, 1405 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fernando Juan Pitossi
- Leloir Institute Foundation, Institute for Biochemical Research of Buenos Aires - IIBBA CONICET, Patricias Argentinas 435, 1405 Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Li L, Li D, Xu L, Zhao P, Deng Z, Mo X, Li P, Qi L, Li J, Gao J. Total extract of Yupingfeng attenuates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats. Phytomedicine 2015; 22:111-119. [PMID: 25636879 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2014.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Revised: 09/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/26/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Yupingfeng is a Chinese herbal compound used efficaciously to treat respiratory tract diseases. Total glucosides of Yupingfeng have been proven effective in anti-inflammation and immunoregulation. Nevertheless, the role of total extract of Yupingfeng (YTE) in pulmonary fibrosis (PF), a severe lung disease with no substantial therapies, remains unknown. Present study was conducted to elucidate the anti-fibrotic activity of YTE. The rat PF model was induced by intratracheal administration of bleomycin (BLM, 5 mg/kg), and YTE (12 mg/kg/d) was gavaged from the second day. At 14 and 28 days, the lungs were harvested and stained with H&E and Masson's trichrome. The content of hydroxyproline (HYP) and type I collagen (Col-I) were detected, while the protein expression of high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1), Col-I and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) were analyzed by immunohistochemistry or Western blot. As observed, YTE treatment attenuated the alveolitis and fibrosis induced by BLM, reduced the loss of body weight and increase of lung coefficient. Meanwhile, YTE strongly decreased the levels of HYP and Col-I, and reduced the over-expression of HMGB1, TGF-β1, Col-I and α-SMA. In conclusion, YTE could ameliorate BLM-induced lung fibrosis by alleviating HMGB1 activity and TGF-β1 activation, suggesting therapeutic potential for PF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liucheng Li
- School of Pharmacy (Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products), Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Pharmaceutical Preparation Section (Third-Grade Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM-2009-202)), The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Delin Li
- Pharmaceutical Preparation Section (Third-Grade Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM-2009-202)), The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China
| | - Liang Xu
- Pharmaceutical Preparation Section (Third-Grade Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM-2009-202)), The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China
| | - Ping Zhao
- Pharmaceutical Preparation Section (Third-Grade Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM-2009-202)), The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China
| | - Ziyu Deng
- School of Pharmacy (Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products), Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Xiaoting Mo
- School of Pharmacy (Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products), Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Pharmaceutical Preparation Section (Third-Grade Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM-2009-202)), The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Lianwen Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Pharmacy (Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products), Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
| | - Jian Gao
- Pharmaceutical Preparation Section (Third-Grade Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM-2009-202)), The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China.
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Khan S, Jena G, Tikoo K. Sodium valproate ameliorates diabetes-induced fibrosis and renal damage by the inhibition of histone deacetylases in diabetic rat. Exp Mol Pathol 2015; 98:230-9. [PMID: 25576297 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2015.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Revised: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Recent reports emphasize the contribution of histone deacetylases (HDACs) in the pathogenesis of diabetic renal injury and fibrosis. Valproic acid (VPA) is a first-line drug used for the treatment of epilepsy and migraine as well as established as a HDAC inhibitor. The present study was aimed to evaluate the anti-fibrotic and renoprotective effects of VPA in diabetic nephropathy (DN). Diabetes was induced by single injection of STZ (50mg/kg), whereas VPA at the doses of 150 and 300mg/kg/day was administered for 8 consecutive weeks by oral route in Sprague Dawley rats. The renal injuries and fibrosis were assessed by histology, fibrosis specific staining and fibroblast activation by a transmission electron microscope, while expression of proteins of interest was evaluated by western blotting and immunohistochemistry. VPA treatment ameliorated the histological alterations as well as fibrosis, and decreased the expression of TGF-β1, CTGF, α-SMA, fibronectin, collagen I, COX-2, ICAM-1 and HDAC4/5/7. Further, VPA treatment significantly increased histone H3 acetylation and MMP-2 expression. The present study clearly established that VPA treatment ameliorates the renal injury and fibrosis in diabetic kidney by preventing the myofibroblast activation and fibrogenesis by HDAC inhibition and associated mechanisms, thereby improving the profibrotic and anti-fibrotic protein balance.
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Dhaouadi N, Li JY, Feugier P, Gustin MP, Dab H, Kacem K, Bricca G, Cerutti C. Computational identification of potential transcriptional regulators of TGF-ß1 in human atherosclerotic arteries. Genomics 2014; 103:357-70. [PMID: 24819318 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2014.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2014] [Revised: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 05/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
TGF-ß is protective in atherosclerosis but deleterious in metastatic cancers. Our aim was to determine whether TGF-ß transcriptional regulation is tissue-specific in early atherosclerosis. The computational methods included 5 steps: (i) from microarray data of human atherosclerotic carotid tissue, to identify the 10 best co-expressed genes with TGFB1 (TGFB1 gene cluster), (ii) to choose the 11 proximal promoters, (iii) to predict the TFBS shared by the promoters, (iv) to identify the common TFs co-expressed with the TGFB1 gene cluster, and (v) to compare the common TFs in the early lesions to those identified in advanced atherosclerotic lesions and in various cancers. Our results show that EGR1, SP1 and KLF6 could be responsible for TGFB1 basal expression, KLF6 appearing specific to atherosclerotic lesions. Among the TFs co-expressed with the gene cluster, transcriptional activators (SLC2A4RG, MAZ) and repressors (ZBTB7A, PATZ1, ZNF263) could be involved in the fine-tuning of TGFB1 expression in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nedra Dhaouadi
- EA 4173 Génomique Fonctionnelle de l'Hypertension Artérielle, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Hôpital Nord-Ouest Villefranche-sur-Saône, 8 avenue Rockefeller, F-69373 Lyon, France; Unité de Physiologie Intégrée, Laboratoire de Pathologies Vasculaires, Université de Carthage, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, Bizerte, Tunisia
| | - Jacques-Yuan Li
- EA 4173 Génomique Fonctionnelle de l'Hypertension Artérielle, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Hôpital Nord-Ouest Villefranche-sur-Saône, 8 avenue Rockefeller, F-69373 Lyon, France
| | - Patrick Feugier
- EA 4173 Génomique Fonctionnelle de l'Hypertension Artérielle, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Hôpital Nord-Ouest Villefranche-sur-Saône, 8 avenue Rockefeller, F-69373 Lyon, France
| | - Marie-Paule Gustin
- EA 4173 Génomique Fonctionnelle de l'Hypertension Artérielle, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Hôpital Nord-Ouest Villefranche-sur-Saône, 8 avenue Rockefeller, F-69373 Lyon, France
| | - Houcine Dab
- Unité de Physiologie Intégrée, Laboratoire de Pathologies Vasculaires, Université de Carthage, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, Bizerte, Tunisia
| | - Kamel Kacem
- Unité de Physiologie Intégrée, Laboratoire de Pathologies Vasculaires, Université de Carthage, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, Bizerte, Tunisia
| | - Giampiero Bricca
- EA 4173 Génomique Fonctionnelle de l'Hypertension Artérielle, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Hôpital Nord-Ouest Villefranche-sur-Saône, 8 avenue Rockefeller, F-69373 Lyon, France
| | - Catherine Cerutti
- EA 4173 Génomique Fonctionnelle de l'Hypertension Artérielle, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Hôpital Nord-Ouest Villefranche-sur-Saône, 8 avenue Rockefeller, F-69373 Lyon, France.
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Huang W, Qian JR, Chen YX. Valsartan improves portal hypertensive gastropathy in rats possibly via TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2014; 22:9-16. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v22.i1.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the efficacy and mechanisms of action of valsartan on portal hypertensive gastropathy in rats with gastric mucosa lesions.
METHODS: Forty-eight SD rats were randomly divided into a sham-operated group, a portal hypertension gastropathy group, a valsartan prevention group, a normal dose valsartan group and a high dose valsartan group. Portal hypertensive gastropathy was induced by the partial portal vein ligation method. Gastric mucosa TGF-beta1 expression and microvessel density (MVD) were detected by immunohistochemical staining method. Gastric mucosa Smad2 and Smad7 protein expression was detected by Western blot. Plasma levels of rennin activity (PRA), angiotensin II (Ang II), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and albumin (ALB) were determined by ELISA.
RESULTS: Compared with the model group, gastric mucosa TGF-β1 (11.58 ± 2.27, 13.29 ± 2.82, 13.15 ± 3.36 vs 24.25 ± 3.48, all P <0.05) and Smad2 (0.86 ± 0.59, 0.82±0.36, 0.83 ± 0.49 vs 1.60 ± 0.77, P < 0.05) protein expression was significantly decreased in the valsartan prevention group, normal dose valsartan group and high dose valsartan group. Smad7 protein expression in the valsartan prevention group, normal dose valsartan group and high dose valsartan group was significantly higher than that in the model group (1.59 ± 0.72, 1.65 ± 0.80, 1.69 ± 0.85 vs 0.58 ± 0.35, all P < 0.05). Plasma PRA (16.49 ng/mL ± 2.77 ng/mL, 15.92 ng/mL ± 4.30 ng/mL, 16.72 ng/mL ± 5.48 ng/mL vs 11.49 ng/mL ± 2.12 ng/mL, all P <0.05) and Ang II (1664.44 pg/mL ± 285.47 pg/mL, 1686.82 pg/mL ± 499.16 pg/mL, 1734.07 pg/mL ± 326.66 pg/mL vs 1110.38 pg/mL ± 193.85 pg/mL, all P <0.01) were also significantly higher in the valsartan prevention group, normal dose valsartan group and high dose valsartan group than in the model group.
CONCLUSION: Valsartan can improve portal hypertensive gastropathy probably by down-regulating TGF-β1 and Smad2 expression and up-regulating Smad7 expression.
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Li JJ, Li T, Meng YP, Wu JW, Chai XQ. Significance of expression of TGF-β1 and MMP1 in bile duct injury caused by electrocautery in rabbits. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2013; 21:3097-3101. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v21.i29.3097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the significance of expression of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) and matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP1) in bile duct injury caused by electrocautery in rabbits.
METHODS: A model of bile duct injury caused by electrocautery was established in rabbits. Expression and location of TGF-β1 and MMP1 in bile duct injury was detected by immunohistochemistry.
RESULTS: Expression of TGF-β1 and MMP1 showed no significant differences between the normal control group and sham operation group. Sustained high expression of TGF-β1 and low expression of MMP1 were observed in later stage in the operation group. With the prolongation of the time of inflammatory state, the expression of TGF-β1 showed a negative correlation with MMP1 in the operation group.
CONCLUSION: High expression of TGF-β1 and low expression of MMP1 are important factors leading to bile duct stricture, and they have a synergistic effect in leading to biliary fibrosis and cicatrization.
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Huang W, Qian JR. Treatment with valsartan reduces TGF-β1 expression and collagen fiber content in the portal vein of rats with portal hypertensive gastropathy. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2013; 21:2765-2771. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v21.i27.2765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the effect of treatment with valsartan on portal vein lesions in rats with portal hypertensive gastropathy (PHG).
METHODS: Forty-eight SD rats were randomly divided into a sham operation group, a PHG model group, a valsartan prevention group, a normal dose valsartan group, and a double dose valsartan group. Partial portal vein ligation was used to induce PHG. Portal venous pressure (PVP) and heart rate (HR) were measured. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect TGF-β1 protein expression in the portal vein, and Masson's trichrome technique was used to determine the content of collagen fibers.
RESULTS: The PVP decreased significantly in the normal dose valsartan group, double dose valsartan group and prevention group compared with the model group (13.32 cmH2O ± 0.96 cmH2O vs 9.54 cmH2O ± 0.80 cmH2O, 9.04 cmH2O ± 0.96 cmH2O, 8.30 cmH2O ± 0.41 cmH2O, all P < 0.01). TGF-β1 expression and collagen fiber content were significantly higher in the model group than in the sham operation group (8.51 ± 1.42 vs 5.73 ± 0.87, 2.01 ± 1.25 vs 0.82 ± 0.54); however, TGF-β1 expression and collagen fiber content were significantly lower in the valsartan normal dose group, double dose group and prevention group than in the model group (6.54 ± 1.09, 6.45 ± 1.37, 6.42 ± 1.98 vs 8.51 ± 1.42; 0.92 ± 0.53, 1.09 ± 0.40, 1.03 ± 0.36 vs 2.01 ± 1.25, all P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: TGF-β1 expression and collagen fiber content in the portal vein increase in rats with PHG. Treatment with valsartan can not only reduce portal pressure and TGF-β1 expression in the portal vein but also decrease collagen synthesis.
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Park SY, Park JY, Kim CH, Kang SU, Kim JH, Bark KM, Kim TH, Shin SC, Kang HY. Effects of Xanthium stramarium and Psoralea corylifolia Extracts Combined with UVA1 Irradiation on the Cell Proliferation and TGF-β1 Expression of Keloid Fibroblasts. Ann Dermatol 2013; 25:304-9. [PMID: 24003272 PMCID: PMC3756194 DOI: 10.5021/ad.2013.25.3.304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2012] [Revised: 05/03/2012] [Accepted: 06/22/2012] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Xanthium stramarium (XAS) and Psoralea corylifolia (PSC), phototoxic oriental medicinal plants, has been used in traditional medicines in Asian countries. Objective The effects of highly purified XAS or PSC extract combined with ultraviolet A1 (UVA1) irradiation on cell proliferation and transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1) expression of the keloid fibroblast were being investigated to define potential therapeutic uses for keloid treatments. Methods The keloid fibroblasts were treated with XAS or PSC alone or in the combination with UVA1 irradiation. The cell viability, apoptosis, and expression of TGF-β1 and collagen I were investigated. Results XAS and PSC in combination with UVA1 irradiation suppressed cell proliferation and induced apoptosis of keloid fibroblasts. Furthermore, the XAS and PSC in combination with UVA1 irradiation inhibited TGF-β1 expression and collagen synthesis in keloid fibroblasts. Conclusion These findings may open up the possibility of clinically used XAS or PSC in combination with UVA1 irradiation for keloid treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Yi Park
- Department of Dermatology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
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Abstract
Transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) is a cytokine which exerts a wide range of biological activities by initiating downstream signaling. As transmembrane receptors, TGFBRⅠ, TGFBRⅡ and TGFBRⅢ have been shown to play an important role in mediating TGF-β1 signal transduction. Owing to roles in promoting cell growth and development, alterations in TGF-β1 and its receptors may result in many diseases, especially tumors. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignant solid tumor with high risk of metastasis and recurrence and is associated with a high fatality. Recent studies point to a close relationship between hepatocellular carcinoma and the dysregulation of TGF-β1 signaling pathway. The changes in the levels of TGF-β1 and its receptors in tumor microenvironment may facilitate the invasive potential of HCC. In this article we mainly summarize the structure and function of TGF-β1 and its receptors and assess their role in metastasis and recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Wang SM, Zheng SJ, Xing XY, Deng ZH, Liu M, Yu H, Li CY, Duan ZP. YImpact of exogenous TGF-β1 on cell cycle progression and apoptosis in rat liver cell line BRL-3A. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2011; 19:1659-1665. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v19.i16.1659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To explore whether exogenous transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) affects rat liver cell line BRL-3A in terms of cell cycle progression and apoptosis.
METHODS: (1) BRL-3A cells were divided into six groups and exposed to different concentrations of TGF-β1 (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 μg/L), and cell proliferation was detected by MTT assay at 24, 36 and 48 h after treatment. (2) After BRL-3A cells were treated with TGF-β1 (8 μg/L) for 24, 36 or 48 h, flow cytometry was performed to measure cell cycle progression and apoptosis and real-time quantitative RT-PCR was used to quantify the mRNA expression of Cyclin E, Cdk-2, EGF, HGF, Bcl-2, c-Myc, MMP9, and NF-κB genes.
RESULTS: (1) There was no statistical difference in cell proliferation among cells treated with six different concentrations of TGF-β1 for 24, 36 or 48 h (all P > 0.05). (2) Cell cycle progression and apoptosis rate also showed no statistical difference between cells treated with 8 μg/L TGF-β1 and control cells at 24, 36 and 48 h (all P > 0.05). Compared to control cells, the mRNA expression of Cyclin E, Cdk-2, and EGF in cells treated with 8 μg/L TGF-β1 significantly decreased at 24 and 36 h but significantly increased at 48 h (all P < 0.05); that of HGF significantly declined at all three time points (all P < 0.05); that of Bcl-2 showed no significant changes at 24 and 36 h but increased at 48 h; and that of c-Myc, MMP9 and NF-κB was up-regulated at all three time points (all P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: The insensitivity of BRL-3A cells to TGF-β1-induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest may be related to activation of non-SMAD pathway and up-regulation of NF-κB, Bcl-2, c-Myc, and MMP9 expression.
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Zhang HY, Li SS, Sun Y, Wang XH, Yan AH, Wang XJ. TGF-β1 antisense oligonucleotide ASODN promotes cell proliferation but inhibits apoptosis in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell line EC9706. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2009; 17:3480-3485. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v17.i34.3480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the effects of transforming growth factor-beta 1 antisense oligonucleotide ASODN (TGF-β1-ASODN) on cell proliferation and apoptosis in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell line EC9706.
METHODS: EC9706 cells were transfected with chemically synthesized TGF-β1-ASODN. The expression of TGF-β1 mRNA and protein was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and flow cytometry, respectively. Cell morphological changes were observed. The proliferation and apoptosis of EC9706 cells were measured by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay and flow cytometry, respectively.
RESULTS: After TGF-β1-ASODN transfection, the expression levels of TGF-β1 mRNA and protein in EC9706 cells were significantly lower than those in untransfected EC9706 cells (0.25 ± 0.07 vs 0.43 ± 0.09 and 35.35% vs 41.38%, respectively; both P < 0.05). TGF-β1-ASODN transfection could stimulate proliferation and inhibit apoptosis of EC9706 cells. After transfection, EC9706 cells lost their normal morphology. Compared with untransfected cells, the survival rate increased (109.4% vs 100.0%, P < 0.05), the percentages of cells in G1 and S phases decreased (62.9% vs 66.5% and 21.3% vs 23.7%, respectively; both P < 0.05), the percentage of cells in G2 phase rose (14.8% vs 9.8%, P < 0.05), and the apoptosis rate declined in cells transfected with TGF-β1-ASODN (0.69% vs 0.96%, P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: TGF-β1-ASODN can silence the expression of the TGF-β1 gene efficiently and specially, and antagonize TGF-β1-mediated proliferation inhibition, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in EC9706 cells.
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Geng ZM, Zheng JB, Zhang XX, Tao J, Wang L. Role of transforming growth factor-beta signaling pathway in pathogenesis of benign biliary stricture. World J Gastroenterol 2008; 14:4949-54. [PMID: 18756605 PMCID: PMC2739950 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.14.4949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To characterize the expression of members of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β)/Smad/connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) signaling pathway in the tissue of benign biliary stricture, and to investigate the effect of TGF-β signaling pathway in the pathogenesis of benign biliary stricture.
METHODS: Paraffin embedded materials from 23 cases of benign biliary stricture were analyzed for members of the TGF-β/Smad/CTGF signaling pathway. TGF-β1, TβRI, TβRII, Smad4, Smad7 and CTGF protein were detected by immunohistochemical strepto-advidinbiotin complex method, and CTGF mRNA was evaluated by hybridization in situ, while 6 cases of normal bile duct served as controls. The percentages of positive cells were counted. The correlation between TGF-β1, Smad4 and CTGF was analyzed.
RESULTS: The positive expression ratios of TGF-β1, TβRI, TβRII, Smad4, CTGF and CTGF mRNA in 23 cases with benign biliary stricture were 91.3%, 82.6%, 87.0%, 78.3%, 82.6% and 65.2%, respectively, significantly higher than that in 6 cases of normal bile duct respectively (vs 33.3%, 16.7%, 50.0%, 33.3%, 50.0%, 16.7%, respectively, P < 0.05). The positive expression ratio of Smad7 in cases with benign biliary stricture was 70.0%, higher than that in normal bile duct, but this difference is not statistically significant 70.0% vs 50%, P > 0.05). There was a positive correlation between positive expression of TGF-β1, Smad4 and CTGF in cases with benign biliary stricture.
CONCLUSION: The high expression of TGF-β/Smad/CTGF signaling pathway plays an important role in the pathogenesis of benign biliary stricture.
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Abstract
AIM: To observe the levels of TGF-β1, MMP-2 and TIMP-2 in the livers of rats with hepatic fibrosis, and the effects of salvianolic acid B (SA-B) on it.
METHODS: An animal model of hepatic fibrosis was established by injecting DMN (dimethyl nitroxide) solution into the abdominal cavity for four continuous weeks. Levels of TGF-β1, MMP-2 and TIMP-2 in liver tissue were assessed by S-P immunohistochemical staining using polyclonal antibodies against TGF-β1, MMP-2 and TIMP-2. Pathological characteristics of liver tissue were observed by microscopy after hematoxylin-eosin and Masson staining. Levels of ALT, AST and Alb were detected using an auto-biochemical analytical tool in the laboratory test department of our hospital. Serum levels of HA, LN were detected by radioimmunoassay (RIA).
RESULTS: Compared with rats in the liver fibrosis group, the pathologic manifestations of those in the SA-B-treated group improved significantly. The levels of ALT, AST, HA and LN in the treated group were significantly lower than those in the liver fibrosis group (87.0 ± 28.7 U/L vs 190.4 ± 27.4 U/L, 85.6 ± 25.3 U/L vs 178.2 ± 15.9 U/L, 179.7 ± 32.8 mg/L vs 433.3 ± 86.1 mg/L, 135.6 ± 21.1 mg/L vs 224.7 ± 29.2 mg/L, P < 0.01). Expression levels of TGF-β1 and TIMP-2 in the SA-B-treated group were significantly lower than those in the liver fibrosis group (18.53 ± 2.54 vs 12.78 ± 2.65, 21.88 ± 3.83 vs 14.69 ± 4.51, P < 0.01), and there was no difference in the expression of MMP-2 between the treated group and the hepatic fibrosis group.
CONCLUSION: SA-B is efficient for the treatment of hepatic fibrosis; the mechanisms possibly involve the inhibition of TGF-β1 and TIMP-2.
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