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Mamgain J, Mujib A, Bansal Y, Gulzar B, Zafar N, Syeed R, Alsughayyir A, Dewir YH. Elicitation Induced α-Amyrin Synthesis in Tylophora indica In Vitro Cultures and Comparative Phytochemical Analyses of In Vivo and Micropropagated Plants. Plants (Basel) 2023; 13:122. [PMID: 38202430 PMCID: PMC10780849 DOI: 10.3390/plants13010122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Tylophora indica (Burm. f.) Merrill is an endangered medicinal plant that possesses various active agents, such as tylophorinine, kaempferol, quercetin, α-amyrin and beta-sitosterol, with multiple medicinal benefits. α-amyrin, a triterpenoid, is widely known for its antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, gastroprotective and hepatoprotective properties. In this study, we investigated the metabolite profiling of tissues and the effects of cadmium chloride and chitosan on in vitro accumulation of alkaloids in T. indica. First, the callus was induced from the leaf in 2,4-D-, NAA- and/or BAP-fortified MS medium. Subsequent shoot formation through organogenesis and in vitro roots was later induced. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)-based phytochemical profiling of methanolic extracts of in vivo and in vitro regenerated plants was conducted, revealing the presence of the important phytocompounds α-amyrin, lupeol, beta-sitosterol, septicine, tocopherol and several others. Different in vitro grown tissues, like callus, leaf and root, were elicited with cadmium chloride (0.1-0.4 mg L-1) and chitosan (1-50 mg L-1) to evaluate the effect of elicitation on α-amyrin accumulation, measured with high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC). CdCl2 and chitosan showed improved sugar (17.24 and 15.04 mg g-1 FW, respectively), protein (10.76 and 9.99 mg g-1 FW, respectively) and proline (7.46 and 7.12 mg g-1 FW), especially at T3 (0.3 and 25 mg L-1), in the leaf as compared to those of the control and other tissues. The antioxidant enzyme activities were also evaluated under an elicitated stress situation, wherein catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) displayed the highest activities in the leaf at T4 of both of the two elicitors. The α-amyrin yield was quantified with HPTLC in all tested tissues (leaf, callus and root) and had an Rf = 0.62 at 510 nm wavelength. Among all the concentrations tested, the T3 treatment (0.3 mg L-1 of cadmium chloride and 25 mg L-1 of chitosan) had the best influence on accumulation, irrespective of the tissues, with the maximum being in the leaf (2.72 and 2.64 μg g-1 DW, respectively), followed by the callus and root. Therefore, these results suggest future opportunities of elicitors in scaling up the production of important secondary metabolites to meet the requirements of the pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Mamgain
- Cellular Differentiation and Molecular Genetics Section, Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India; (J.M.); (Y.B.); (B.G.); (N.Z.); (R.S.)
| | - Abdul Mujib
- Cellular Differentiation and Molecular Genetics Section, Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India; (J.M.); (Y.B.); (B.G.); (N.Z.); (R.S.)
| | - Yashika Bansal
- Cellular Differentiation and Molecular Genetics Section, Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India; (J.M.); (Y.B.); (B.G.); (N.Z.); (R.S.)
| | - Basit Gulzar
- Cellular Differentiation and Molecular Genetics Section, Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India; (J.M.); (Y.B.); (B.G.); (N.Z.); (R.S.)
| | - Nadia Zafar
- Cellular Differentiation and Molecular Genetics Section, Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India; (J.M.); (Y.B.); (B.G.); (N.Z.); (R.S.)
| | - Rukaya Syeed
- Cellular Differentiation and Molecular Genetics Section, Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India; (J.M.); (Y.B.); (B.G.); (N.Z.); (R.S.)
| | - Ali Alsughayyir
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State University, 75 B.S. Hood Rd, Starkville, MS 39762, USA;
| | - Yaser Hassan Dewir
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
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Mostafa EM, Mohammed HA, Musa A, Abdelgawad MA, Al-Sanea MM, Almahmoud SA, Ghoneim MM, Gomaa HAM, Rahman FEZSA, Shalaby K, Selim S, Khan RA. In Vitro Anti-Proliferative, and Kinase Inhibitory Activity of Phenanthroindolizidine Alkaloids Isolated from Tylophora indica. Plants (Basel) 2022; 11:plants11101295. [PMID: 35631719 PMCID: PMC9144581 DOI: 10.3390/plants11101295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The phenanthroindolizidine alkaloid (-)-tylophorine has been reported for its significant anticancer activity working through different biomechanistic pathways. The current study aimed to evaluate the anticancer activity of phenanthroindolizidine alkaloids isolated from Tylophora indica. Six phenanthroindolizidine alkaloid (compounds 1-6) in addition to septicine (7), chlorogenic acid (8), and chlorogenic acid methyl ester (9) were isolated from Tylophora indica using different chromatographic techniques including vacuum liquid chromatography (VLC) and preparative high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The isolated compounds structures' were determined using various spectro-analytical techniques, i.e., 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and mass spectrometry. The isolates' structural stereochemistry and structural geometries were determined with the help of chiroptical techniques together with comparisons with the available standard samples. The in vitro anti-proliferative activity on three different cell lines, MCF-7, HepG2, and HCT-116 were evaluated. Among all the isolated compounds, tylophorinidine (5) was the most active cytotoxic agent with the lowest IC50 values at 6.45, 4.77, and 20.08 μM against MCF-7, HepG2, and HCT-116 cell lines, respectively. The bioactivities were also validated by the in vitro kinase receptors inhibition assay. Compound (5) also exhibited the highest activity with lowest IC50 values (0.6 and 1.3 μM against the Aurora-A and Aurora-B enzymes, respectively), as compared with all the isolated alkaloidal products. The structure activity relationship on the molecular properties, molecular attributes, and bioactivity levels were analyzed, interrelated, and the molecular docking studies on two different receptors, Aurora-A and Aurora-B, were determined, which provided the confirmations of the bioactivity with receptor-ligand geometric disposition, energy requirements, lipophilicity, and detailed the binding pharmacophore involvements responsible for bioactivity elicitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehab M. Mostafa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence: (E.M.M.); (H.A.M.); (R.A.K.); Tel.: +966-540-470-403 (E.M.M.)
| | - Hamdoon A. Mohammed
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt;
- Correspondence: (E.M.M.); (H.A.M.); (R.A.K.); Tel.: +966-540-470-403 (E.M.M.)
| | - Arafa Musa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohamed A. Abdelgawad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.A.); (M.M.A.-S.)
| | - Mohammad M. Al-Sanea
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.A.); (M.M.A.-S.)
| | - Suliman A. Almahmoud
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammed M. Ghoneim
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt;
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Al Maarefa University, Ad Diriya 13713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hesham A. M. Gomaa
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia;
| | | | - Khaled Shalaby
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Samy Selim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Riaz A. Khan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence: (E.M.M.); (H.A.M.); (R.A.K.); Tel.: +966-540-470-403 (E.M.M.)
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Gururani R, Patel S, Yaduvanshi N, Dwivedi J, Paliwal S, Sharma S. Tylophora indica (Burm. f.) merr: An insight into phytochemistry and pharmacology. J Ethnopharmacol 2020; 262:113122. [PMID: 32730871 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Tylophora indica (Burm. f.) Merr. commonly known as ananthamool is a climbing perennial plant which is widely used in Indian traditional medicine. T. indica exhibits diverse range of pharmacological activities viz. antiasthmatic, antidiarrheal, anticancer, antiarthritic, antiepileptic, anti-inflammatory etc. AIM OF THE STUDY: Present review aims to grant an up-to-date insight into the botany, ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology of T. indica, exploring its future research and opportunities. MATERIAL AND METHODS Comprehensive information regarding T. indica was collected using the keywords Tylophora indica or Indian ipecac or ananthamool in various electronic databases ACS, Google Scholar, Pubmed, Science Direct, SciFinder, Web of Science, Springer Link and Wiley. In addition, some books and book chapters were also consulted. RESULTS T. indica has been traditionally used in India, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka in the form of various preparations like powder, decoction, pulp, paste and extract alone or in combination with other herbs against various ailments like skin disorders, inflammation, cough, asthma, diarrhea, cancer, microbial infections etc. In vitro and in vivo pharmacological studies on T. indica revealed its potential as antiasthmatic, antiallergic, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antidiarrheal agent etc. A diverse range of phytochemical constituents have been isolated and identified from T. indica namely alkaloids (Tylophorine, Tylophorinine, Tylophorinidine), flavonoids (Kaempferol & Quercetin) terpenoids (α-Amyrin & β-Amyrin) and sterols (β-sitosetrol). Amongst which phenanthroindolizidine alkaloids isolated from roots and leaves are largely explored and considered to be the most active constituent of plant. CONCLUSION Present review provides an insight into botany, ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology of T. indica. As an important traditional Indian medicine, few ethnobotanicals use of T. indica have been supported by modern pharmacological studies, especially in asthma, cancer and inflammation. Among compounds from various phytochemical classes, phenanthoindolizidine alkaloids namely tylophorine and tylophorinidine alkaloids have been considered as bioactive components of the plant and widely investigated. However, further identification, isolation and quantification employing some advanced hyphenated techniques viz. LC-MS/MS, LC-NMR to discover new pharmacologically active phytoconstituents in the management of different diseases. Several investigators have highlighted possible therapeutic roles of T. indica extracts and isolated compounds. Moreover, information about various aspects of T. indica pertaining to phytochemistry, toxicology and quality control are still unresolved. Further in-depth studies are required to discover key features viz. structure activity relationships, mode of action, safety and toxicity and therapeutic potentials T. indica in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritika Gururani
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Saraswati Patel
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Neetu Yaduvanshi
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Jaya Dwivedi
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Sarvesh Paliwal
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Swapnil Sharma
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, Rajasthan, India.
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Sharma MM, Verma RN, Singh A, Batra A. Assessment of clonal fidelity of Tylophora indica (Burm. f.) Merrill "in vitro" plantlets by ISSR molecular markers. Springerplus 2014; 3:400. [PMID: 25170431 PMCID: PMC4147081 DOI: 10.1186/2193-1801-3-400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 06/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Tylophora indica Burm F. Merrill. is widely used against various diseases owing to the presence an array of medicinally important secondary metabolites. Its stem is bitter, stomachic, stimulates bile secretion, enriches the blood and cures diseases like diabetes, fever, flatulence, hypertension, jaundice, leucorrhoea, urinary disease and upper respiratory tract infection. It is neglected for tissue culture work because of deciduous nature of climbing shrub, facing problems for micropropagation. Hence, in vitro regeneration of complete plantlets was done through indirect organogenesis in Tylophora indica. Calli were produced from in vivo leaves of T. indica on MS medium supplemented with 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP: 2.0 mg l(-1)) and Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA: 0.5 mg l(-1)). The multiple shoots (12.00 ± 1.50) emerged and elongated on MS medium fortified with Thidiazuron (TDZ: 0.1 mg l(-1)). They were rooted on half strength MS medium having IBA (0.5 mg l(-1)) (7.75 ± 0.25) after 20 days of sub-culturing followed by hardening and acclimatization. During indirect regeneration of plants, chances of somaclonal variations may arise. These variations should be identified to produce true to type plants. Plantlets raised through tissue culture were used to validate the clonal fidelity through Inter simple sequence repeat markers (ISSR). Clonal fidelity is a major consideration in commercial micropropagation using in vitro tissue culture methods. During the study, total 71 clear and distinct bands were produced using 6 primers. The banding pattern of each primer was uniform and comparable to mother plant and showed about 93% homology using un-weighted pair group method with arithmetic averaging (UPGMA). ISSR analysis confirmed the genetic stability of in vitro raised plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madan Mohan Sharma
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Roop Narayan Verma
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Abhijeet Singh
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Amla Batra
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
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Mehandru P, Shekhawat NS, Rai MK, Kataria V, Gehlot HS. Evaluation of aeroponics for clonal propagation of Caralluma edulis, Leptadenia reticulata and Tylophora indica - three threatened medicinal Asclepiads. Physiol Mol Biol Plants 2014; 20:365-73. [PMID: 25049464 PMCID: PMC4101132 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-014-0240-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Revised: 05/19/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The present study explores the potential of aeroponic system for clonal propagation of Caralluma edulis (Paimpa) a rare, threatened and endemic edible species, Leptadenia reticulata (Jeewanti), a threatened liana used as promoter of health and Tylophora indica (Burm.f.) Merill, a valuable medicinal climber. Experiments were conducted to asses the effect of exogenous auxin (naphthalene acetic acid, indole-3-butyric acid, indole-3-acetic acid) and auxin concentrations (0.0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5gl(-1)) on various root morphological traits of cuttings in the aeroponic chamber. Amongst all the auxins tested, significant effects on the length, number and percentage of rooting was observed in IBA treated nodal cuttings. Cent per cent of the stem cuttings of C. edulis rooted if pre-treated with 2.0 gl(-1) of IBA for 5 min while 97.7 % of the stem cuttings of L. reticulata and 93.33 % of stem cuttings of Tylophora indica rooted with pre-treatment of 3.0 gl(-1) of IBA for 5 min. Presence of at least two leaves on the nodal cuttings of L. reticulata and T. indica was found to be a prerequisite for root induction. In all the species, the number of adventitious roots per cutting and the percentage of cuttings rooted aeroponically were significantly higher than the soil grown stem cuttings. Shoot growth measured in terms of shoot length was significantly higher in cuttings rooted aeroponically as compared to the cuttings rooted under soil conditions. All the plants sprouted and rooted aeroponically survived on transfer to soil. This is the first report of clonal propagation in an aeroponic system for these plants. This study suggests aeroponics as an economic method for rapid root induction and clonal propagation of these three endangered and medicinally important plants which require focused efforts on conservation and sustainable utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Mehandru
- />Biotechnology Centre, Department of Botany, Jai NarainVyas University, Jodhpur, 342033 Rajasthan India
| | - N. S. Shekhawat
- />Biotechnology Centre, Department of Botany, Jai NarainVyas University, Jodhpur, 342033 Rajasthan India
| | - Manoj K. Rai
- />Biotechnology Centre, Department of Botany, Jai NarainVyas University, Jodhpur, 342033 Rajasthan India
| | - Vinod Kataria
- />Biotechnology Centre, Department of Botany, Jai NarainVyas University, Jodhpur, 342033 Rajasthan India
| | - H. S. Gehlot
- />BNF & Stress Biology laboratory, Department of Botany, Jai Narain Vyas University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342001 India
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