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Wang S, de Fabritus L, Kumar PA, Werner Y, Ma M, Li D, Siret C, Simic M, Li B, Kerdiles YM, Hou L, Stumm R, van de Pavert SA. Brain endothelial CXCL12 attracts protective natural killer cells during ischemic stroke. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:8. [PMID: 36631780 PMCID: PMC9835334 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02689-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The innate lymphoid cell (ILC) family consists of NK cells, ILC type 1, 2, 3 and lymphoid tissue inducer cells. They have been shown to play important roles in homeostasis and immune responses and are generally considered tissue resident. Not much is known about the presence of ILC members within the central nervous system and whether they are tissue resident in this organ too. Therefore, we studied the presence of all ILC members within the central nervous system and after ischemic brain insult. METHODS We used the photothrombotic ischemic lesion method to induce ischemic lesions within the mouse brain. Using whole-mount immunofluorescence imaging, we established that the ILCs were present at the rim of the lesion. We quantified the increase of all ILC members at different time-points after the ischemic lesion induction by flow cytometry. Their migration route via chemokine CXCL12 was studied by using different genetic mouse models, in which we induced deletion of Cxcl12 within the blood-brain barrier endothelium, or its receptor, Cxcr4, in the ILCs. The functional role of the ILCs was subsequently established using the beam-walk sensorimotor test. RESULTS Here, we report that ILCs are not resident within the mouse brain parenchyma during steady-state conditions, but are attracted towards the ischemic stroke. Specifically, we identify NK cells, ILC1s, ILC2s and ILC3s within the lesion, the highest influx being observed for NK cells and ILC1s. We further show that CXCL12 expressed at the blood-brain barrier is essential for NK cells and NKp46+ ILC3s to migrate toward the lesion. Complementary, Cxcr4-deficiency in NK cells prevents NK cells from entering the infarct area. Lack of NK cell migration results in a higher neurological deficit in the beam-walk sensorimotor test. CONCLUSIONS This study establishes the lack of ILCs in the mouse central nervous system at steady-state and their migration towards an ischemic brain lesion. Our data show a role for blood-brain barrier-derived CXCL12 in attracting protective NK cells to ischemic brain lesions and identifies a new CXCL12/CXCR4-mediated component of the innate immune response to stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaiwei Wang
- grid.417850.f0000 0004 0639 5277Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, Centre d’Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Marseille, France
| | - Lauriane de Fabritus
- grid.417850.f0000 0004 0639 5277Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, Centre d’Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Marseille, France
| | - Praveen Ashok Kumar
- grid.275559.90000 0000 8517 6224Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Yves Werner
- grid.275559.90000 0000 8517 6224Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Minglu Ma
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China ,grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Li
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Carole Siret
- grid.417850.f0000 0004 0639 5277Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, Centre d’Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Marseille, France
| | - Milesa Simic
- grid.417850.f0000 0004 0639 5277Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, Centre d’Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Marseille, France
| | - Bin Li
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yann M. Kerdiles
- grid.417850.f0000 0004 0639 5277Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, Centre d’Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Marseille, France
| | - Lei Hou
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ralf Stumm
- grid.275559.90000 0000 8517 6224Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Serge A. van de Pavert
- grid.417850.f0000 0004 0639 5277Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, Centre d’Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Marseille, France
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Husna N, Gascoigne NRJ, Tey HL, Ng LG, Tan Y. Reprint of "Multi-modal image cytometry approach - From dynamic to whole organ imaging". Cell Immunol 2020; 350:104086. [PMID: 32169249 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2020.104086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Optical imaging is a valuable tool to visualise biological processes in the context of the tissue. Each imaging modality provides the biologist with different types of information - cell dynamics and migration over time can be tracked with time-lapse imaging (e.g. intra-vital imaging); an overview of whole tissues can be acquired using optical clearing in conjunction with light sheet microscopy; finer details such as cellular morphology and fine nerve tortuosity can be imaged at higher resolution using the confocal microscope. Multi-modal imaging combined with image cytometry - a form of quantitative analysis of image datasets - provides an objective basis for comparing between sample groups. Here, we provide an overview of technical aspects to look out for in an image cytometry workflow, and discuss issues related to sample preparation, image post-processing and analysis for intra-vital and whole organ imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazihah Husna
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, 8A Biomedical Grove, Singapore 138648, Singapore; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 5 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117545, Singapore
| | - Nicholas R J Gascoigne
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 5 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117545, Singapore
| | - Hong Liang Tey
- National Skin Centre, 1 Mandalay Road, Singapore 308205, Singapore; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore 308232, Singapore; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 10 Medical Dr, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Lai Guan Ng
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, 8A Biomedical Grove, Singapore 138648, Singapore; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 5 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117545, Singapore.
| | - Yingrou Tan
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, 8A Biomedical Grove, Singapore 138648, Singapore; National Skin Centre, 1 Mandalay Road, Singapore 308205, Singapore.
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