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Rahman MK, Umashankar B, Choucair H, Bourget K, Rawling T, Murray M. The inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1) endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway promotes MDA-MB-231 cell survival and renewal in response to the aryl-ureido fatty acid CTU. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2024; 171:106571. [PMID: 38608921 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2024.106571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Current treatment options for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) are limited to toxic drug combinations of low efficacy. We recently identified an aryl-substituted fatty acid analogue, termed CTU, that effectively killed TNBC cells in vitro and in mouse xenograft models in vivo without producing toxicity. However, there was a residual cell population that survived treatment. The present study evaluated the mechanisms that underlie survival and renewal in CTU-treated MDA-MB-231 TNBC cells. RNA-seq profiling identified several pro-inflammatory signaling pathways that were activated in treated cells. Increased expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and the cytokines IL-6, IL-8 and GM-CSF was confirmed by real-time RT-PCR, ELISA and Western blot analysis. Increased self-renewal was confirmed using the non-adherent, in vitro colony-forming mammosphere assay. Neutralizing antibodies to IL-6, IL-8 and GM-CSF, as well as cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition suppressed the self-renewal of MDA-MB-231 cells post-CTU treatment. IPA network analysis identified major NF-κB and XBP1 gene networks that were activated by CTU; chemical inhibitors of these pathways and esiRNA knock-down decreased the production of pro-inflammatory mediators. NF-κB and XBP1 signaling was in turn activated by the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-stress sensor inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1), which mediates the unfolded protein response. Co-treatment with an inhibitor of IRE1 kinase and RNase activities, decreased phospho-NF-κB and XBP1s expression and the production of pro-inflammatory mediators. Further, IRE1 inhibition also enhanced apoptotic cell death and prevented the activation of self-renewal by CTU. Taken together, the present findings indicate that the IRE1 ER-stress pathway is activated by the anti-cancer lipid analogue CTU, which then activates secondary self-renewal in TNBC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Khalilur Rahman
- Pharmacogenomics and Drug Development Group, Discipline of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, and School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Balasubrahmanyam Umashankar
- Pharmacogenomics and Drug Development Group, Discipline of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, and School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Hassan Choucair
- Pharmacogenomics and Drug Development Group, Discipline of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, and School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Kirsi Bourget
- Pharmacogenomics and Drug Development Group, Discipline of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, and School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Tristan Rawling
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Michael Murray
- Pharmacogenomics and Drug Development Group, Discipline of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, and School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
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Zhang X, Wang Y, Yi D, Zhang C, Ning B, Fu Y, Jia Y, Wang T, Wang X. Synergistic promotion of transient transgene expression in CHO cells by PDI/ XBP-1s co-transfection and mild hypothermia. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2024; 47:557-565. [PMID: 38416261 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-024-02987-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Transient gene expression system is an important tool for rapid production of recombinant proteins in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. However, their low productivity is the main hurdle to overcome. An effective approach through which to obtain high protein yield involves targeting transcriptional, post-transcriptional events (PTEs), and culture conditions. Here, we investigated the effects of protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) and spliced X-box binding protein 1 (XBP-1s) co-overexpression combined with mild hypothermia on the transient yields of recombinant proteins in CHO cells. The results showed that the gene of interest (GOI) and the PDI/XBP-1s helper vector at a co-transfection ratio of 10:1 could obviously increase transient expression level of recombinant protein in CHO cells. However, PDI/XBP-1s overexpression had no significance effect on the mRNA levels of the recombinant protein, suggesting that it targeted PTEs. Moreover, the increased production was due to the enhancing of cell specific productivity, not related to cell growth, viability, and cell cycle. In addition, combined PDI/XBP-1s co-overexpression and mild hypothermia could further improve Adalimumab expression, compared to the control/37 °C and PDI/XBP-1s/37 °C, the Adalimumab volume yield of PDI/XBP-1s/33 °C increased by 203% and 142%, respectively. Mild hypothermia resulted in 3.52- and 2.33-fold increase in the relative mRNA levels of PDI and XBP-1s, respectively. In conclusion, the combination of PDI/XBP-1s overexpression and culture temperature optimization can achieve higher transient expression of recombinant protein, which provides a synergetic strategy to improve transient production of recombinant protein in CHO cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Yaokun Wang
- The School of Medical Humanities, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Dandan Yi
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Binhuan Ning
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Yushun Fu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Yanlong Jia
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Tianyun Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China.
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Recombinant Pharmaceutical Protein Expression System of Henan, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China.
| | - Xiaoyin Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China.
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Recombinant Pharmaceutical Protein Expression System of Henan, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China.
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Xiong Z, Li J, Huang R, Zhou H, Xu X, Zhang S, Xie P, Li M, Guo Y, Liao X, Zhuang X. The gut microbe-derived metabolite trimethylamine-N-oxide induces aortic valve fibrosis via PERK/ATF-4 and IRE-1α/ XBP-1s signaling in vitro and in vivo. Atherosclerosis 2024; 391:117431. [PMID: 38408412 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2023.117431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The gut microbe-derived metabolite trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) has been implicated in the development of cardiovascular fibrosis. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress occurs after the dysfunction of ER and its structure. The three signals PERK/ATF-4, IRE-1α/XBP-1s and ATF6 are activated upon ER stress. Recent reports have suggested that the activation of PERK/ATF-4 and IRE-1α/XBP-1s signaling contributes to cardiovascular fibrosis. However, whether TMAO mediates aortic valve fibrosis by activating PERK/ATF-4 and IRE-1α/XBP-1s signaling remains unclear. METHODS Human aortic valve interstitial cells (AVICs) were isolated from aortic valve leaflets. PERK IRE-1α, ATF-4, XBP-1s and CHOP expression, and production of collagen Ⅰ and TGF-β1 were analyzed following treatment with TMAO. The role of PERK/ATF-4 and IRE-1α/XBP-1s signaling pathways in TMAO-induced fibrotic formation was determined using inhibitors and small interfering RNA. RESULTS Diseased valves produced greater levels of ATF-4, XBP-1, collagen Ⅰ and TGF-β1. Interestingly, diseased cells exhibited augmented PERK/ATF-4 and IRE-1α/XBP-1s activation after TMAO stimulation. Inhibition and silencing of PERK/ATF-4 and IRE-1α/XBP-1s each resulted in enhanced suppression of TMAO-induced fibrogenic activity in diseased cells. Mice treated with dietary choline supplementation had substantially increased TMAO levels and aortic valve fibrosis, which were reduced by 3,3-dimethyl-1-butanol (DMB, an inhibitor of trimethylamine formation) treatment. Moreover, a high-choline and high-fat diet remodeled the gut microbiota in mice. CONCLUSIONS TMAO promoted aortic valve fibrosis through activation of PERK/ATF-4 and IRE-1α/XBP-1s signaling pathways in vitro and in vivo. Modulation of diet, gut microbiota, TMAO, PERK/ATF-4 and IRE1-α/XBP-1s may be a promising approach to prevent aortic valve fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Xiong
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaying Li
- Institute of Guangdong Provincial Geriatrics, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rihua Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huimin Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xingfeng Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaozhao Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peihan Xie
- Department of Ultrasonography, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Miaohong Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue Guo
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinxue Liao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xiaodong Zhuang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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Rao Y, Su R, Wu C, Chai X, Li J, Yang G, Wu J, Fu T, Jiang Z, Guo Z, Xu C, Huang L. Identification of a natural PLA2 inhibitor from the marine fungus Aspergillus sp. c1 for MAFLD treatment that suppressed lipotoxicity by inhibiting the IRE-1 α/ XBP-1s axis and JNK signaling. Acta Pharm Sin B 2024; 14:304-318. [PMID: 38261820 PMCID: PMC10792964 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Lipotoxicity is a pivotal factor that initiates and exacerbates liver injury and is involved in the development of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). However, there are few reported lipotoxicity inhibitors. Here, we identified a natural anti-lipotoxicity candidate, HN-001, from the marine fungus Aspergillus sp. C1. HN-001 dose- and time- dependently reversed palmitic acid (PA)-induced hepatocyte death. This protection was associated with IRE-1α-mediated XBP-1 splicing inhibition, which resulted in suppression of XBP-1s nuclear translocation and transcriptional regulation. Knockdown of XBP-1s attenuated lipotoxicity, but no additional ameliorative effect of HN-001 on lipotoxicity was observed in XBP-1s knockdown hepatocytes. Notably, the ER stress and lipotoxicity amelioration was associated with PLA2. Both HN-001 and the PLA2 inhibitor MAFP inhibited PLA2 activity, reduced lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) level, subsequently ameliorated lipotoxicity. In contrast, overexpression of PLA2 caused exacerbation of lipotoxicity and weakened the anti-lipotoxic effects of HN-001. Additionally, HN-001 treatment suppressed the downstream pro-apoptotic JNK pathway. In vivo, chronic administration of HN-001 (i.p.) in mice alleviated all manifestations of MAFLD, including hepatic steatosis, liver injury, inflammation, and fibrogenesis. These effects were correlated with PLA2/IRE-1α/XBP-1s axis and JNK signaling suppression. These data indicate that HN-001 has therapeutic potential for MAFLD because it suppresses lipotoxicity, and provide a natural structural basis for developing anti-MAFLD candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Rao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570200, China
| | - Rui Su
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570200, China
| | - Chenyan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570200, China
| | - Xingxing Chai
- Laboratory Animal Center of Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Jinjian Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Guanyu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570200, China
| | - Junjie Wu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570200, China
| | - Tingting Fu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570200, China
| | - Zhongping Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570200, China
| | - Zhikai Guo
- Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Microbe Resources, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences & Key Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops of Hainan Province, Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Congjun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570200, China
| | - Ling Huang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570200, China
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Dong L, Tan CW, Feng PJ, Liu FB, Liu DX, Zhou JJ, Chen Y, Yang XX, Zhu YH, Zhu ZQ. Activation of TREM-1 induces endoplasmic reticulum stress through IRE-1α/ XBP-1s pathway in murine macrophages. Mol Immunol 2021; 135:294-303. [PMID: 33957479 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2021.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress activates several pro-inflammatory signaling pathways in many diseases, including acute lung injury (ALI). We have reported that blocking triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (TREM-1) protects against ALI by suppressing pulmonary inflammation in mice with ALI induced by lipopolysaccharides (LPS). However, the molecular mechanism underlying the TREM-1-induced pro-inflammatory microenvironment in macrophages remains unclearly. Herein, we aimed to determine whether TREM-1 regulates the inflammatory responses induced by LPS associated with ER stress activation. We found that the activation of TREM-1 by a monoclonal agonist antibody (anti-TREM-1) increased the mRNA and protein levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 in primary macrophages. Treatment of the anti-TREM-1 antibody increased the expression of ER stress markers (ATF6, PERK, IRE-1α, and XBP-1s) in primary macrophages. While pretreatment with 4-PBA, an inhibitor of ER stress, significantly inhibited the expression of ER stress markers and pro-inflammatory cytokines and reduced LDH release. Furthermore, inhibiting the activity of the IRE-1α/XBP-1s pathway by STF-083010 significantly mitigated the increased levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 in macrophages treated by the anti-TREM-1 antibody. XBP-1 silencing attenuated pro-inflammatory microenvironment evoked by activation of TREM-1. Besides, we found that blockade of TREM-1 with LR12 ameliorated ER stress induced by LPS in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, we conclude that TREM-1 activation induces ER stress through the IRE-1α/XBP-1s pathway in macrophages, contributing to the pro-inflammatory microenvironment.
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Jiang Q, Tian J, Liu G, Yin Y, Yao K. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Unfolded Protein Response Pathways Involved in the Health-Promoting Effects of Allicin on the Jejunum. J Agric Food Chem 2019; 67:6019-6031. [PMID: 31067048 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b02180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) triggered by adverse factors disturbs the normal function of the intestine. Allicin has been reported to promote intestinal health and development. In the present study, we established in vivo (35-day-old weaned piglets, 4-week-old mice) and in vitro (IPEC-J2 cell line) ERS models to explore the possible mechanisms by which allicin may benefit intestinal health. This study revealed the following: (1) allicin supplementation improved intestinal morphological indices and ameliorated mild ERS in the jejunum of the weaned piglets; (2) allicin supplementation decreased cellular reactive oxygen species and upregulated the XBP-1s signaling pathways in IPEC-J2 cells; (3) allicin supplementation reduced the prolonged ERS-mediated apoptosis of IPEC-J2 cells and in the jejunal tissues of the KM mice; (4) allicin supplementation enhanced the intercellular junction protein levels of jejunal cells by alleviating the prolonged ERS. These novel findings suggest that eating garlic could alleviate some intestinal malfunctions associated with ERS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Jiang
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process , Institute of Subtropical Agriculture Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changsha , Hunan 410125 , P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100043 , P.R. China
- Department of Animal Science , University of Manitoba , Winnipeg , MB R3T 2N2 , Canada
| | - Junquan Tian
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process , Institute of Subtropical Agriculture Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changsha , Hunan 410125 , P.R. China
| | - Gang Liu
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process , Institute of Subtropical Agriculture Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changsha , Hunan 410125 , P.R. China
| | - Yulong Yin
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process , Institute of Subtropical Agriculture Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changsha , Hunan 410125 , P.R. China
| | - Kang Yao
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process , Institute of Subtropical Agriculture Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changsha , Hunan 410125 , P.R. China
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