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Ota S, Sakuraba H, Hiraga H, Yoshida S, Satake M, Akemoto Y, Tanaka N, Watanabe R, Takato M, Murai Y, Ueno K, Niioka T, Hayakari M, Ishiguro Y, Fukuda S. Cyclosporine protects from intestinal epithelial injury by modulating butyrate uptake via upregulation of membrane monocarboxylate transporter 1 levels. Biochem Biophys Rep 2020; 24:100811. [PMID: 33102812 PMCID: PMC7578528 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2020.100811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aims A relationship between treatment outcomes and intestinal microbiota in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases has been demonstrated. Cyclosporine treatment leads to rapid improvement in severe ulcerative colitis. We hypothesized that the potent effects of cyclosporine would be exerted through relationships between intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) and the host microbiota. The present study was designed to elucidate the effects of cyclosporine on monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) regulation and butyrate uptake by IECs. Methods Colitis was induced in C57BL6 mice via the administration of 4% dextran sulfate sodium in drinking water, following which body weights, colon lengths, and histological scores were evaluated. To examine the role of butyrate in the protective effects of cyclosporine, MCT1 inhibitor and an antibiotic cocktail was administered and tributyrin (TB; a prodrug of butyrate) was supplemented; MCT1 protein expression and acetylated histone 3 (AcH3) signals in IECs, as well as the MCT1-membrane fraction of Caco-2 cells, were evaluated. To explore butyrate uptake, as s butyrate derivatives, 3-bromopyruvic acid (3-BrPA) and 1-pyrenebutyric acid were used. Results Treatment with cyclosporine inhibited body weight loss and colon length shortening. However, treatment with MCT1 inhibitor and the antibiotic cocktail negated the efficacy of cyclosporine, whereas TB supplementation restored its protective effect. Furthermore, cyclosporine upregulated MCT1 expression in the membrane and the AcH3 signal in IECs, while also inducing higher anti-inflammatory cytokine production compared to that in the vehicle-treated mice. The transcription level of MCT1 mRNA in IECs and Caco-2 cells did not increase with cyclosporine treatment; however, cyclosporine treatment increased membrane MCT1 expression in these cells and uptake of butyrate derivative. Conclusion Cyclosporine treatment modulates butyrate uptake via the post-transcriptional upregulation of membrane MCT1 levels in IECs. The protective effect of cyclosporine needs microbiota-derived butyrate. Cyclosporine increased the fraction of MCT1 at the cell membrane. Cyclosporine enhanced butyrate uptake and regulatory cytokine expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Ota
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hematology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Hirotake Sakuraba
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hematology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Hiroto Hiraga
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hematology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Shukuko Yoshida
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hematology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan.,Shibata Irika Co.Ltd.Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Miwa Satake
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hematology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Yui Akemoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hematology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Nahoko Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hematology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Rina Watanabe
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hematology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Maeda Takato
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hematology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Yasuhisa Murai
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hematology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Kayo Ueno
- Division of Pharmaceutical Science, Hirosaki University Hospital, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Takenori Niioka
- Division of Pharmaceutical Science, Hirosaki University Hospital, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Makoto Hayakari
- Division of Pharmaceutical Science, Hirosaki University Hospital, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Yoh Ishiguro
- Division of Clinical Research, Hirosaki National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Shinsaku Fukuda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hematology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
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