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Dhahir SA, Braihi AJ, Habeeb SA. Comparative Analysis of Hydrogel Adsorption/Desorption with and without Surfactants. Gels 2024; 10:251. [PMID: 38667670 PMCID: PMC11049081 DOI: 10.3390/gels10040251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In this particular study, a hydrogel known as SAP-1 was synthesized through the grafting of acrylic acid-co-acrylamide onto pullulan, resulting in the creation of Pul-g-Poly (acrylic acid-co-acrylamide). Additionally, a sponge hydrogel named SAP-2 was prepared by incorporating the surfactant sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) into the hydrogel through free radical solution polymerization. To gain further insight into the composition and properties of the hydrogels, various techniques, such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), atomic absorption spectroscopy, and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), were employed. Conversely, the absorption kinetics and the equilibrium capacities of the prepared hydrogels were investigated and analyzed. The outcomes of the investigation indicated that each of the synthesized hydrogels exhibited considerable efficacy as adsorbents for cadmium (II), copper (II), and nickel (II) ions. In particular, SAP-2 gel displayed a remarkable cadmium (II) ion absorption ability, with a rate of 190.72 mg/g. Following closely, SAP-1 gel demonstrated the ability to absorb cadmium (II) ions at a rate of 146.9 mg/g and copper (II) ions at a rate of 154 mg/g. Notably, SAP-2 hydrogel demonstrated the ability to repeat the adsorption-desorption cycles three times for cadmium (II) ions, resulting in absorption capacities of 190.72 mg/g, 100.43 mg/g, and 19.64 mg/g for the first, second, and third cycles, respectively. Thus, based on the abovementioned results, it can be concluded that all the synthesized hydrogels possess promising potential as suitable candidates for the adsorption and desorption of cadmium (II), copper (II), and nickel (II) ions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Salih Abbas Habeeb
- Polymer and Petrochemical Engineering Department, College of Engineering Materials, University of Babylon, Babylon 51002, Iraq
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2
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Liu C, Tian Y, Meng Y. A Chemical Potential Equation for Modeling Triboelectrochemical Reactions on Solid-Liquid Interfaces. Front Chem 2021; 9:650880. [PMID: 33968900 PMCID: PMC8103171 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.650880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Triboelectrochemical reactions occur on solid–liquid interfaces in wide range of applications when an electric field strong enough and a frictional stress high enough are simultaneously imposed on the interfaces. A characteristic of triboelectrochemical reactions is that not only the thermal energy but also the electrical and mechanical energies can activate, assist, or mitigate the solid–liquid interface chemical reactions, the products of which affect electrical and tribological behavior of the interfaces inversely. In previous studies, we have found that the coupling of frictional and electric effects could physically change the migration, adsorption, and desorption behaviors of the polar molecules, ions, or charged particles included in aqueous or nonaqueous base lubricant toward or away from the interfaces and thus control the boundary lubrication. Recently, we have found that the friction coefficient and surface appearance of some kinds of metals could also be modulated to some extent even in pure water or pure base oils under external electric stimulations. We attribute these changes to the triboelectrochemical reactions occurred when a strong external electric field is imposed on. Based on the effective collision model of chemical reactions, a chemical potential equation, which includes both electrical and mechanical contributions, has been derived. The proposed chemical potential equation can be used to explain the observed triboelectrochemical phenomenon in experiments. Based on the model, a novel method for oxidation coloring of the selected areas in metal surfaces is proposed. Together with the physical adsorption and desorption model of lubricant additives, the triboelectrochemical reaction model can well explain the phenomena of potential-controlled boundary lubrication in different lubrication systems and also provides a theoretical basis for other solid–liquid interface processes under the effects of electromechanical coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yonggang Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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Saeed MA, Kinloch IA, Derby B. Atmospheric Pressure Catalytic Vapor Deposition of Graphene on Liquid Sn and Cu-Sn Alloy Substrates. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2020; 10:E2150. [PMID: 33126626 DOI: 10.3390/nano10112150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of graphene on liquid substrates produces high quality graphene films due to the defect-free and atomically flat surfaces of the liquids. Through the detailed study of graphene growth on liquid Sn using atmospheric pressure CVD (APCVD), the quality of graphene has been found to have a close relationship with hydrogen flow rate that reflects on hydrogen partial pressure inside the reactor (PH2) and hydrogen solubility of the growth substrates. The role of PH2 was found to be crucial, with a low defect density monolayer graphene being obtained in low PH2 (90.4 mbar), while partial graphene coverage occurred at high PH2 (137.3 mbar). To further understand the role of substrate’s composition, binary alloy with compositions of 20, 30, 50, 60 and 80 wt.% tin in copper were made by arc-melting. Graphene quality was found to decrease with increasing the content of copper in the Cu–Sn alloys when grown using the conditions optimised for Sn substrates and this was related to the change in hydrogen solubility and the high catalytic activity of Cu compared to Sn. This shall provide a tool to help optimising CVD conditions for graphene growth based on the properties of the used catalytic substrate.
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Li Z, Chen X, Qiu L, Wang Y, Zhou Z. Nano Porous Carbon Derived from Citrus Pomace for the Separation and Purification of PMFs in Citrus Processing Wastes. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2020; 10:nano10101914. [PMID: 32992899 PMCID: PMC7600721 DOI: 10.3390/nano10101914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The by-product of citrus juice processing is a huge source of bioactive compounds, especially polymethoxyflavones (PMFs) and fibers. In this study, a method for the separation and purification of PMFs from citrus pomace was established based on citrus nanoporous carbon (CNPC) enrichment. Different biomass porous carbons were synthesized, their adsorption/desorption characteristics were evaluated, and the CNPCs from the peel of Citrus tangerina Tanaka were found to be best for the enrichment of PMFs from the crude extracts of citrus pomace. Using this method, six PMF compounds including low-abundant PMFs in citrus fruits such as 5,6,7,4'-tetramethoxyflavone and 5-hydroxy-6,7,8,3',4'-pentamethoxyflavone can be simultaneously obtained, and the purities of these compounds were all higher than 95%, with the highest purity of nobiletin reaching 99.96%. Therefore, CNPCs have a great potential for the separation and purification of PMFs in citrus processing wastes, potentially improving the added value of citrus wastes. We also provide a method reference for disposing of citrus pomace in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenqing Li
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; (Z.L.); (X.C.); (L.Q.); (Y.W.)
| | - Xin Chen
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; (Z.L.); (X.C.); (L.Q.); (Y.W.)
| | - Lulu Qiu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; (Z.L.); (X.C.); (L.Q.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yu Wang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; (Z.L.); (X.C.); (L.Q.); (Y.W.)
| | - Zhiqin Zhou
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; (Z.L.); (X.C.); (L.Q.); (Y.W.)
- The Southwest Institute of Fruits Nutrition, Banan District, Chongqing 400054, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China
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Wang Y, Kao Z, Zhang T, Zhang Y, Qin L, Zhang Z, Zhou B, Wu G, Shen J, Du A. Diffusion of Resveratrol in Silica Alcogels. Molecules 2019; 24:E3931. [PMID: 31683567 PMCID: PMC6864716 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24213931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The trans-resveratrol (RSV)-loaded silica aerogel (RLSA) was prepared by the sol-gel method, adding the drug during the aging process, solvent replacement and freeze drying. A series of characterizations showed that RSV stays in the silica aerogel in two ways. First, RSV precipitates due to minimal solubility in water during the solvent replacement process. After freeze drying, the solvent evaporates and the RSV recrystallizes. It can be seen from scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) images that the recrystallized RSV with micron-sized long rod-shaped is integrated with the dense silica network skeleton. Second, from small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) results, a portion of the RSV molecules is not crystallized and the size is extremely small. This can be attached to the primary and secondary particles of silica to enhance its network structure and inhibit shrinkage, which is why the volume and pore size of RLSA is larger. In addition, the diffusion of RSV in silica alcogel was studied by a one-dimensional model. The apparent diffusion coefficients of inward diffusion, outward diffusion and internal diffusion were calculated by fitting the time- and position-dependent concentration data. It was found that the outward diffusion coefficient (5.25 × 10-10 m2/s) is larger than the inward (2.93 × 10-10 m2/s), which is probably due to the interface effect. The diffusion coefficients obtained for different concentrations in the same process (inward diffusion) are found to be different. This suggests that the apparent diffusion coefficient obtained is affected by molecular adsorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiang Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Zeyu Kao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Ting Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Yujun Zhang
- Sports and Health Research Center, Department of Physical education, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Lili Qin
- Sports and Health Research Center, Department of Physical education, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Zhihua Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Bin Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Guangming Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Jun Shen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Ai Du
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
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Bullara D, De Decker Y, Epstein IR. On the possibility of spontaneous chemomechanical oscillations in adsorptive porous media. Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci 2018; 376:rsta.2017.0374. [PMID: 30420542 PMCID: PMC6232597 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2017.0374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We derive general conditions for the emergence of sustained chemomechanical oscillations from a non-oscillatory adsorption/desorption reaction in a gas/solid porous medium. The oscillations arise from the nonlinear response of the solid matrix to the loading of the adsorbed species. More particularly, we prove that, in order for oscillations to occur, adsorption of the gas must in general cause a swelling of the solid matrix. We also investigate the prototypical case of Langmuir kinetics both numerically and analytically.This article is part of the theme issue 'Dissipative structures in matter out of equilibrium: from chemistry, photonics and biology (part 2)'.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Bullara
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02454-9110, USA
| | - Y De Decker
- Interdisciplinary Center for Nonlinear Phenomena and Complex Systems (CENOLI), Nonlinear Physical Chemistry Unit, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus Plaine, C.P. 231, Brussels, Belgium
| | - I R Epstein
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02454-9110, USA
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Abdel Ghani SB, Al-Rehiayani S, El Agamy M, Lucini L. Effects of biochar amendment on sorption, dissipation, and uptake of fenamiphos and cadusafos nematicides in sandy soil. Pest Manag Sci 2018; 74:2652-2659. [PMID: 29761623 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The application of biochar to soil is supposed to alter its adsorption/desorption potential toward pesticides, thereby affecting their bioavailability and efficacy. This is particularly relevant in the case of nematicides because these pesticides are directly applied to soil. RESULTS Biochar was produced from date palm (PB) and eucalyptus (EB) waste at 450 °C and added at a rate of 1% to a sandy soil. The half-life (t½ ) of fenamiphos was increased from 2.7 to 18.3 and 18.6 days in PB- and EB-amended soils, respectively. By contrast, the half-life of cadusafos was unaffected. Freundlich Kf values increased from 1.22 and 0.39 (μg1-Nf g-1 mLNf ) to 4.49 and 6.84 in 1% PB-amended soil, and to 3.49 and 4.62 in 1% EB-amended soil for cadusafos and fenamiphos, respectively. Plant uptake of both nematicides in tomato seedlings was reduced by approximately 97% (cadusafos) and 85% (fenamiphos). Although nematicide efficacy against Meloidogyne incognita was not altered at the recommended dosage, it was negatively affected at a half-dose rate. Under these conditions, it decreased from 43.1% in unamended sandy soil to only 18.3% in 1% PB-amended soil. CONCLUSIONS Biochar addition increased the sorption capacity of soil. This resulted in a decrease of nematicide bioavailability, together with a reduction of both the dissipation rate and uptake by tomato plants. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherif B Abdel Ghani
- Plant Production and Protection Department, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Suloiman Al-Rehiayani
- Plant Production and Protection Department, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Moustafa El Agamy
- Soil Fertility and Plant Nutrition Department, Soil, Water, and Environmental Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Luigi Lucini
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
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Garbovskiy Y. Kinetics of Ion-Capturing/Ion-Releasing Processes in Liquid Crystal Devices Utilizing Contaminated Nanoparticles and Alignment Films. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2018; 8:nano8020059. [PMID: 29360774 PMCID: PMC5853692 DOI: 10.3390/nano8020059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Various types of nanomaterials and alignment layers are considered major components of the next generation of advanced liquid crystal devices. While the steady-state properties of ion-capturing/ion-releasing processes in liquid crystals doped with nanoparticles and sandwiched between alignment films are relatively well understood, the kinetics of these phenomena remains practically unexplored. In this paper, the time dependence of ion-capturing/ion-releasing processes in liquid crystal cells utilizing contaminated nanoparticles and alignment layers is analyzed. The ionic contamination of both nanodopants and alignment films governs the switching between ion-capturing and ion-releasing regimes. The time dependence (both monotonous and non-monotonous) of these processes is characterized by time constants originated from the presence of nanoparticles and films, respectively. These time constants depend on the ion adsorption/ion desorption parameters and can be tuned by changing the concentration of nanoparticles, their size, and the cell thickness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuriy Garbovskiy
- UCCS BioFrontiers Center and Department of Physics, University of Colorado Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO 80918, USA.
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Wang HJ, Li QQ, Shen Y, Gu RC, Sheng Y, Zhan XH. [Sorption of Phenanthrene to Soybean and Wheat Roots and the Bioavailability of Sorbed Phenanthrene]. Huan Jing Ke Xue 2017; 38:2561-2567. [PMID: 29965378 DOI: 10.13227/j.hjkx.201612020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The study of PAHs sorption and bioavailability to different crop roots could help to reveal the environmental behavior of PAHs in the ecosystem and evaluate the ecological risk of PAHs. However, there is little information about the differences in PAHs sorption to different roots and the bioavailability of the sorbed PAHs. In this paper, the experiments were conducted on the sorption/desorption of phenanthrene to soybean and wheat roots under different sorption times and different phenanthrene concentrations. The results showed that the trend of phenanthrene sorption in vivo was first increased and then decreased and finally reached a balance, which was related to the transport delay in vivo; the trend in dead and dried roots was first increased and then reached a balance. The greater specific surface area and the higher fat content, the faster the balance was. Freundlich isotherm was fitted better than Henry isotherm for dead and dried roots, Langmuir isotherm was best fitted in wheat roots. All of the fitted isotherms indicated that the distribution and the surface adsorption could control the phenanthrene sorption. Because of the special binding between living roots and phenanthrene, the fit effect was poor. The phenanthrene sorption capacity of soybean roots was higher than that of wheat, which was related to the high water content, fat content and membrane permeability. The phenanthrene sorbed on the roots was hard to desorb, and the desorption trends were wheat roots> soybean roots; living roots> dried roots> dead roots. The bioavailability of root-sorbed phenanthrene was consistent with the desorption results. Our results could provide data for the assessment of environmental risks of PAHs sorbed onto crop roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Ju Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Qian-Qian Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yu Shen
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ruo-Chen Gu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yu Sheng
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xin-Hua Zhan
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Matsuzawa Y, Takada Y, Jintoku H, Kihara H, Yoshida M. Photopatterned Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Films Utilizing the Adsorption/Desorption Processes of Photofunctional Dispersants. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2016; 8:28400-28405. [PMID: 27718547 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b06169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We describe the application of photodetachable and recyclable dispersants for single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) in the fabrication of photopatterned SWNT thin films. Because adsorption and desorption of the dispersants on the SWNT surfaces affect not only their dispersibility in water but also their solubility, SWNT photopatterns were obtained on glass substrates in only three steps, i.e., casting the SWNT/dispersant solution, UV-light exposure of the casted SWNT/dispersant films through a photomask, and subsequent rinsing with neutral water. This patterning procedure is simple and scalable and will enable us to prepare microfabricated SWNT thin films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Matsuzawa
- Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba Central 5-2 1-1-1 Higashi Tsukuba 305-8565 Japan
| | - Yuko Takada
- Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba Central 5-2 1-1-1 Higashi Tsukuba 305-8565 Japan
| | - Hirokuni Jintoku
- Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba Central 5-2 1-1-1 Higashi Tsukuba 305-8565 Japan
| | - Hideyuki Kihara
- Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba Central 5-2 1-1-1 Higashi Tsukuba 305-8565 Japan
| | - Masaru Yoshida
- Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba Central 5-2 1-1-1 Higashi Tsukuba 305-8565 Japan
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