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Esakkiraj P, Bharathi C, Ayyanna R, Jha N, Panigrahi A, Karthe P, Arul V. Functional and molecular characterization of a cold-active lipase from Psychrobacter celer PU3 with potential a*ntibiofilm property. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 211:741-753. [PMID: 35504418 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.04.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The lipase gene from Psychrobacter celer PU3 was cloned into pET-28a(+) expression vector and overexpressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3) pLysS cells. The purified Psychrobacter celer lipase (PCL) was characterized as an alkaline active enzyme and has a molecular mass of around 30 kDa. The PCL was active even at a low temperature and the optimum range was observed between 10 and 40 °C temperatures. MALDI-TOF and phylogenetic analysis ensued that Psychrobacter celer PU3 lipase (PCL) was closely related to P. aureginosa lipase (PAL). MD simulation results suggests that temperature change did not affect overall structure of PCL, but it may alter temperature- dependent PCL structural changes. R1 (129-135 AA) and R2 (187-191 AA) regions could be important for temperature-dependent PCL function as they fluctuate much at 35 °C temperature. PMSF completely inhibited PCL lipase activity and it demonstrates the presence of serine residues in the active site of PCL. PCL is moderately halophilic and most of the tested organic solvents found to be inhibiting the lipase activity except the solvents ethanol and methanol. PCL activity was increased with surfactants (SDS and CTAB) and bleaching agents (hydrogen peroxide). The effect of different metal ions on PCL resulted that only mercuric chloride was found as the enhancer of the lipase activity. Antibiofilm property of PCL was evaluated against pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from the diseased shrimp and MIC value was 500 U. PCL significantly altered the morphology and biofilm density of V. parahaemolyticus and the same was observed through scanning electron microscope (SEM) and confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) imaging. RT-PCR analysis revealed that the mRNA expression level of biofilm, colony morphology and major toxin-related (aphA, luxS, opaR, tolC, toxR) genes of V. parahaemolyticus were significantly downregulated with PCL treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palanichamy Esakkiraj
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014, India; Crustacean Culture Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, 75, Santhome High Road, R. A. Puram, Chennai 600 028, India
| | - Christian Bharathi
- CAS in Crystallography and Biophysics, University of Madras, Chennai 600025, India
| | - Repally Ayyanna
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014, India
| | - Natwar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014, India
| | - Akshaya Panigrahi
- Crustacean Culture Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, 75, Santhome High Road, R. A. Puram, Chennai 600 028, India
| | - Ponnuraj Karthe
- CAS in Crystallography and Biophysics, University of Madras, Chennai 600025, India
| | - Venkatesan Arul
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014, India.
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Sengupta C, Mukherjee O, Chowdhury R. Adherence to Intestinal Cells Promotes Biofilm Formation in Vibrio cholerae. J Infect Dis 2016; 214:1571-1578. [PMID: 27638940 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiw435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Vibrio cholerae, the etiological agent of cholera, is known to form biofilms to persist in the environment. It is demonstrated here that even during infection, biofilm genes are upregulated, and microscopic observation indicated that biofilm formation is initiated almost immediately after adherence of V. cholerae to intestinal cells. About 7-fold upregulation of the biofilm regulatory gene vpsT was observed within 30 minutes of adherence of V. cholerae to the intestinal cell line INT 407, and a massive induction of about 700-fold was observed in rabbit ileal loops. The upregulation was observed in the classical and El Tor biotype strains of serogroup O1 that is most frequently associated with epidemic cholera. vpsT upregulation was primarily dependent on the virulence master regulator AphA. Of possible clinical relevance was the observation that V. cholerae in the INT 407-associated biofilms was significantly more resistant to antibiotics than unadhered planktonic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chirantana Sengupta
- Infectious Diseases and Immunology Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Oindrilla Mukherjee
- Infectious Diseases and Immunology Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Rukhsana Chowdhury
- Infectious Diseases and Immunology Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Kolkata, India
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