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Li X, Bachar L, Puzis R. Centrality Learning: Auralization and Route Fitting. Entropy (Basel) 2023; 25:1115. [PMID: 37628146 PMCID: PMC10453733 DOI: 10.3390/e25081115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Developing a tailor-made centrality measure for a given task requires domain- and network-analysis expertise, as well as time and effort. Thus, automatically learning arbitrary centrality measures for providing ground-truth node scores is an important research direction. We propose a generic deep-learning architecture for centrality learning which relies on two insights: 1. Arbitrary centrality measures can be computed using Routing Betweenness Centrality (RBC); 2. As suggested by spectral graph theory, the sound emitted by nodes within the resonating chamber formed by a graph represents both the structure of the graph and the location of the nodes. Based on these insights and our new differentiable implementation of Routing Betweenness Centrality (RBC), we learn routing policies that approximate arbitrary centrality measures on various network topologies. Results show that the proposed architecture can learn multiple types of centrality indices more accurately than the state of the art.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel;
| | - Liav Bachar
- Department of Software and Information Systems Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel;
| | - Rami Puzis
- Department of Software and Information Systems Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel;
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López-Mochales S, Jiménez-Pasalodos R, Valenzuela J, Gutiérrez-Cajaraville C, Díaz-Andreu M, Escera C. Experimental Enhancement of Feelings of Transcendence, Tenderness, and Expressiveness by Music in Christian Liturgical Spaces. Front Psychol 2022; 13:844029. [PMID: 35360627 PMCID: PMC8960987 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.844029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In western cultures, when it comes to places of worship and liturgies, music, acoustics and architecture go hand in hand. In the present study, we aimed to investigate whether the emotions evoked by music are enhanced by the acoustics of the space where the music was composed to be played on. We explored whether the emotional responses of western naïve listeners to two vocal pieces from the Renaissance, one liturgical and one secular, convolved with the impulse responses of four Christian temples from the United Kingdom, were modulated by the appropriate piece/space matching. In an alternative forced choice task where participants had to indicate their preference for the original recording of the piece (not convolved with any temple-like acoustics) vs. the convolved one, no significant differences were found. However, in the tasks where participants rated their emotional in response to each piece and acoustic condition, the factorial ANCOVA analyses performed on the results revealed significant effects. We observed that, across pieces and spaces, participants found the temple-like acoustics as more transcendent, compared to the acoustics of the original version of the pieces. In addition, they rated the secular piece as more tender and the liturgical piece as more expressive in its original versions, compared to the convolved ones. We conclude that the acoustic signature of the four Christian temples causes an exaltation of certain emotions on listeners, although this effect is not associated to one or another musical piece.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha López-Mochales
- Brainlab - Cognitive Neuroscience Research Group, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raquel Jiménez-Pasalodos
- Departament d'Història i Arqueologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Sección Departamental de Historia y Ciencias de la Música, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Jose Valenzuela
- Brainlab - Cognitive Neuroscience Research Group, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Margarita Díaz-Andreu
- Departament d'Història i Arqueologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Arqueologia de la Universitat de Barcelona (IAUB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carles Escera
- Brainlab - Cognitive Neuroscience Research Group, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IRSJD), Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
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Valenzuela J, Díaz-Andreu M, Escera C. Psychology Meets Archaeology: Psychoarchaeoacoustics for Understanding Ancient Minds and Their Relationship to the Sacred. Front Psychol 2020; 11:550794. [PMID: 33391069 PMCID: PMC7775382 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.550794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
How important is the influence of spatial acoustics on our mental processes related to sound perception and cognition? There is a large body of research in fields encompassing architecture, musicology, and psychology that analyzes human response, both subjective and objective, to different soundscapes. But what if we want to understand how acoustic environments influenced the human experience of sound in sacred ritual practices in premodern societies? Archaeoacoustics is the research field that investigates sound in the past. One of its branches delves into how sound was used in specific landscapes and at sites with rock art, and why past societies endowed a special significance to places with specific acoustical properties. Taking advantage of the advances made in sound recording and reproduction technologies, researchers are now exploring how ancient social and sacred ceremonies and practices related to the acoustic properties of their sound environment. Here, we advocate for the emergence of a new and innovative discipline, experimental psychoarchaeoacoustics. We also review underlying methodological approaches and discuss the limitations, challenges, and future directions for this new field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Valenzuela
- Brainlab ‐ Cognitive Neuroscience Research Group, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Margarita Díaz-Andreu
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of History and Geography, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carles Escera
- Brainlab ‐ Cognitive Neuroscience Research Group, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
- Sant Joan de Déu Research Institute (IRSJD), Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
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Bergadà P, Alsina-Pagès RM. An Approach to Frequency Selectivity in an Urban Environment by Means of Multi-Path Acoustic Channel Analysis. Sensors (Basel) 2019; 19:s19122793. [PMID: 31234418 PMCID: PMC6630746 DOI: 10.3390/s19122793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The improvement of quality of life in the framework of the smart city paradigm cannot be limited to a set of objective measures carried out over several critical parameters (e.g., noise or air pollution). Noise disturbances depend not only on the equivalent level LAeq measured, but also on the spectral distribution of the sounds perceived by people. Propagation modelling to conduct auralization can be done either with geometrical acoustics or with wave-based methods, given the fact that urban environments are acoustically complex scenarios. In this work, we present a first analysis of the acoustic spectral distribution of street noise, based on the frequency selectivity of the urban outdoor channel and its corresponding coherence bandwidth. The analysis was conducted in the framework of the data collected in the Milan pilotWASN of the DYNAMAP LIFE project, with the use of three simulated acoustic impulse responses. The results show the clear influence of the evaluated coherence bandwidth of each of the simulated channels over real-life acoustic samples, which leads us to the conclusion that all raw acoustic samples have to be considered as wide-band. The results also depict a dependence of accumulated energy at the receiver with the coherence bandwidth of the channel. We conclude that, the higher the delay spread of the channel, the narrower the coherence bandwidth and the higher the distortion suffered by acoustic signals. Moreover, the accumulated energy of the received signal along the frequency axis tends to differ from the accumulated energy of the transmitted signal when facing narrow coherence bandwidth channels; whereas the accumulated energy along the time axis diverges from the accumulated transmitted energy when facing wide coherence bandwidth channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pau Bergadà
- Grup de recerca en Tecnologies Mèdia (GTM), La Salle, Universitat Ramon Llull, c/Quatre Camins, 30, 08022 Barcelona, Spain.
- Wavecontrol, c/Pallars, 65-71, 08018 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Rosa Ma Alsina-Pagès
- Grup de recerca en Tecnologies Mèdia (GTM), La Salle, Universitat Ramon Llull, c/Quatre Camins, 30, 08022 Barcelona, Spain.
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