1
|
Goyvaerts L, Schraenen A, Lemaire K, Veld PI, Smolders I, Maroteaux L, Schuit F. Normal Pregnancy-Induced Islet Beta Cell Proliferation in Mouse Models That Are Deficient in Serotonin-Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415816. [PMID: 36555462 PMCID: PMC9779327 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
During mouse pregnancy placental lactogens stimulate prolactin receptors on pancreatic islet beta cells to induce expression of the tryptophan hydroxylase Tph1, resulting in the synthesis and secretion of serotonin. Presently, the functional relevance of this phenomenon is unclear. One hypothesis is that serotonin-induced activation of 5-HT2B receptors on beta cells stimulates beta cell proliferation during pregnancy. We tested this hypothesis via three different mouse models: (i) total Tph1KO mice, (ii) 129P2/OlaHsd mice, which are incompetent to upregulate islet Tph1 during pregnancy, whereas Tph1 is normally expressed in the intestine, mammary glands, and placenta, and (iii) Htr2b-deficient mice. We observed normal pregnancy-induced levels of beta cell proliferation in total Tph1KO mice, 129P2/OlaHsd mice, and in Htr2b-/- mice. The three studied mouse models indicate that islet serotonin production and its signaling via 5-HT2B receptors are not required for the wave of beta cell proliferation that occurs during normal mouse pregnancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lotte Goyvaerts
- Gene Expression Unit, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Anica Schraenen
- Gene Expression Unit, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Katleen Lemaire
- Gene Expression Unit, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter in’t Veld
- Department of Pathology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ilse Smolders
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Research Group Experimental Pharmacology (EFAR), Center for Neurosciences (C4N), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Luc Maroteaux
- INSERM UMR-U1270, Institut du Fer à Moulin, Sorbonne Université Paris, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Frans Schuit
- Gene Expression Unit, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jiang Y, Chen A, Kline D, Liu Q, Ma J, Wang Y, Zhang T, Qian J, Nelson L, Prasadan K, Hu B, Gittes GK, Xiao X. Polarized macrophages promote gestational beta cell growth through extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 signalling. Diabetes Obes Metab 2022; 24:1721-1733. [PMID: 35546452 DOI: 10.1111/dom.14744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
AIM To show that depletion of pancreatic macrophages impairs gestational beta cell proliferation and leads to glucose intolerance. MATERIALS AND METHODS Genetic animal models were applied to study the effects of depletion of pancreatic macrophges on gestational beta-cell proliferaiton and glucose response. The crosstalk between macrophages and beta-cells was studied in vivo using beta-cell-specific extracellular-signal-regulated kinase 5 (ERK5) knockout and epidermal growth receptor (EGFR) knockout mice, and in vitro using a co-culture system. RESULTS Beta cell-derived placental growth factor (PlGF) recruited naïve macrophages and polarized them towards an M2-like phenotype. These macrophages then secreted epidermal growth factor (EGF), which activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 (ERK5) signalling in beta cells to promote gestational beta cell proliferation. On the other hand, activation of ERK5 signalling in beta cells likely, in turn, enhanced the production and secretion of PlGF by beta cells. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows a regulatory loop between macrophages and beta cells through PlGF/EGF/ERK5 signalling cascades to regulate gestational beta cell growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yinan Jiang
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Apeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Diana Kline
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Qun Liu
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jie Ma
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jieqi Qian
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Laura Nelson
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Krishna Prasadan
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Baoli Hu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - George K Gittes
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Xiangwei Xiao
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Abstract
Beta cell dysfunction is central to the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D). In T2D, environmental and genetic influences can manifest beta cell dysfunction in many ways, including impaired glucose-sensing and secretion coupling mechanisms, insufficient adaptative responses to stress, and aberrant beta cell loss through increased cell death and/or beta cell de-differentiation. In recent years, circadian disruption has emerged as an important environmental risk factor for T2D. In support of this, genetic disruption of the circadian timing system in rodents impairs insulin secretion and triggers diabetes development, lending important evidence that the circadian timing system is intimately connected to, and essential for the regulation of pancreatic beta cell function; however, the role of the circadian timing system in the regulation of beta cell biology is only beginning to be unraveled. Here, we review the recent literature that explores the importance of the pancreatic islet/beta cell circadian clock in the regulation of various aspects of beta cell biology, including transcriptional and functional control of daily cycles of insulin secretion capacity, regulation of postnatal beta cell maturation, and control of the adaptive responses of the beta cell to metabolic stress and acute injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nivedita Seshadri
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0J9, Canada
- Children’s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 3P4, Canada
| | - Christine A Doucette
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0J9, Canada
- Children’s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 3P4, Canada
- Correspondence: Christine A. Doucette, PhD, University of Manitoba, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Children’s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, John Buhler Research Centre 603, 715 McDermot Ave, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 3P4, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kahraman S, Yilmaz O, Altunbas HA, Dirice E, Sanlioglu AD. TRAIL induces proliferation in rodent pancreatic beta cells via AKT activation. J Mol Endocrinol 2021; 66:325-338. [PMID: 33875613 DOI: 10.1530/jme-20-0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Strategies to increase functional pancreatic beta cell mass is of great interest in diabetes-related research. TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is well known to promote proliferation and survival in various cell types, including vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells. Correlation between the protective nature of TRAIL on these cells and its proliferative effect is noteworthy. TRAIL's seemingly protective/therapeutic effect in diabetes prompted us to question whether it may act as an inducer of proliferation in pancreatic beta cells. We used rat primary islet cells and MIN6 mouse beta cell line to investigate TRAIL-induced proliferation. Cell viability and/or death was analyzed by MTT, WST-1, and Annexin-V/PI assays, while proliferation rates and pathways were assessed via immunocytochemical and Western blot analyses. Receptor neutralization antibodies identified the mediator receptors. Recombinant soluble TRAIL (sTRAIL) treatment led to 1.6-fold increased proliferation in insulin-positive cells in dispersed rat islets compared to the untreated group, while adenovirus-mediated overexpression of TRAIL increased the number of proliferating beta cells up to more than six-fold. sTRAIL or adenoviral vector-mediated TRAIL overexpression induced proliferation in MIN6 cells also. TRAIL's proliferative effect was mediated via AKT activation, which was suppressed upon specific inhibition. Neutralization of each TRAIL receptor reversed the proliferative effect to some degree, with the highest level of inhibition in death receptor 5 (DR5) blockage in MIN6 cells and in decoy receptor 1 (DcR1) blockage in primary rat beta cells. Thus, TRAIL induces proliferation in rodent pancreatic beta cells through activation of the AKT pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sevim Kahraman
- Center for Gene and Cell Therapy, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Akdeniz University Faculty of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Yilmaz
- Center for Gene and Cell Therapy, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Akdeniz University Faculty of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Hasan Ali Altunbas
- Center for Gene and Cell Therapy, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Akdeniz University Faculty of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Ercument Dirice
- Center for Gene and Cell Therapy, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College School of Medicine, Valhalla, New York, USA
| | - Ahter Dilsad Sanlioglu
- Center for Gene and Cell Therapy, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Akdeniz University Faculty of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yang W, Sheng F, Sun B, Fischbach S, Xiao X. The role of ORMDL3/ATF6 in compensated beta cell proliferation during early diabetes. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:2787-2796. [PMID: 31061237 PMCID: PMC6535075 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in beta cells induces a signaling network called the unfolded protein response (UPR), which plays a dual role in diabetes. A key regulator of ER-stress and UPR, the orosomucoid 1-like protein 3 (ORMDL3), has been shown to regulate airway remodeling through a major UPR protein, activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6), but the contribution of this regulatory axis to compensatory pancreatic beta cell proliferation in diabetes has not been studied. Here, we detected significantly lower levels of ORMDL3 mRNA in leukocytes of peripheral blood specimens from type 1 diabetes (T1D) children, compared to normal children. Moreover, these ORMDL3 levels in T1D children exhibited further decreases upon follow-up. ORMDL3 levels in islets from NOD mice, a mouse model for T1D in humans, showed a mild increase before diabetes onset, but a gradual decrease subsequently. In high glucose culture, beta cell proliferation, but not apoptosis, was increased by overexpression of ORMDL3 levels, likely mediated by its downstream factor ATF6. Mechanistically, ORMDL3 transcriptionally activated ATF6, which was confirmed in a promoter reporter assay. Together, our data suggest that ORMDL3 may increase beta cell proliferation through ATF6 as an early compensatory change in response to diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weixia Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Feifei Sheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Baolan Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Shane Fischbach
- Department of Surgery, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - Xiangwei Xiao
- Department of Surgery, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Jiang Y, Fischbach S, Xiao X. The Role of the TGFβ Receptor Signaling Pathway in Adult Beta Cell Proliferation. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19103136. [PMID: 30322036 PMCID: PMC6212884 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a global epidemic and affects millions of individuals in the United States. Devising novel treatments for diabetes continues to be a great medical challenge. Postnatal beta cell growth or compensation is largely attributed to beta cell proliferation, which declines continuously with age. To boost beta cell proliferation to regenerate an adequate functional mass, there is a need to understand the signaling pathways that regulate beta cell proliferation for creating practical strategies to promote the process. Transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) belongs to a signaling superfamily that governs pancreatic development and the regeneration of beta cells after pancreatic diseases. TGFβ exerts its functions by activation of downstream Smad proteins and through its crosstalk with other pathways. Accumulating data demonstrate that the TGFβ receptor signaling pathway also participates in the control of beta cell proliferation. This review details the role of the TGFβ receptor signaling pathway in beta cell proliferation physiologically and in the pathogenesis of diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yinan Jiang
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 4401 Penn Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA.
| | - Shane Fischbach
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 4401 Penn Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA.
- The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 222 Richmond Street, Providence, RI 02903, USA.
| | - Xiangwei Xiao
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 4401 Penn Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
Recent protocols have been developed to differentiate human stem cells and fibroblasts into insulin-producing cells capable of releasing the hormone in a glucose-stimulated manner. Limitations remain which prevent bringing these protocols to a clinical setting as these models must still undergo complete characterization. Advances in sequencing technologies have driven the identification of several non-coding RNA species including microRNAs (miRNAs). While their diversity and unique expression patterns across different tissues have made deciphering their precise functional role a significant challenge, studies using both cell lines and transgenic mouse models have made substantial progress in understanding their regulatory role on exocytosis and proliferation of the β-cell. These results also indicate miRNAs play an integral role in the fundamental mechanics of how the cell manages the balance between these independent functions. Continued investigation into miRNA function may uncover mechanisms which can be exploited to improve differentiation protocols in producing fully mature β-cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew N Poy
- Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert Rössle Strasse 10, WFH C27, Rm 131, 13125 Berlin, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Cechin SR, Lopez-Ocejo O, Karpinsky-Semper D, Buchwald P. Biphasic decline of β-cell function with age in euglycemic nonobese diabetic mice parallels diabetes onset. IUBMB Life 2015; 67:634-44. [PMID: 26099053 DOI: 10.1002/iub.1391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
A gradual decline in insulin response is known to precede the onset of type 1 diabetes (T1D). To track age-related changes in the β-cell function of nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice, the most commonly used animal model for T1D, and to establish differences between those who do and do not become hyperglycemic, we performed a long-term longitudinal oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) study (10-42 weeks) in combination with immunofluorescence imaging of islet morphology and cell proliferation. We observed a clear biphasic decline in insulin secretion (AUC0-30 min ) even in euglycemic animals. A first phase (10-28 weeks) consisted of a relatively rapid decline and paralleled diabetes development in the same cohort of animals. This was followed by a second phase (29-42 weeks) during which insulin secretion declined much slower while no additional animals became diabetic. Blood glucose profiles showed a corresponding, but less pronounced change: the area under the concentration curve (AUC0-150 min ) increased with age, and fit with a bilinear model indicated a rate-change in the trendline around 28 weeks. In control NOD scids, no such changes were observed. Islet morphology also changed with age as islets become surrounded by mononuclear infiltrates, and, in all mice, islets with immune cell infiltration around them showed increased β-cell proliferation. In conclusion, insulin secretion declines in a biphasic manner in all NOD mice. This trend, as well as increased β-cell proliferation, is present even in the NODs that never become diabetic, whereas, it is absent in control NOD scid mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sirlene R Cechin
- Diabetes Research Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, FL, USA
| | - Omar Lopez-Ocejo
- Diabetes Research Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, FL, USA
| | | | - Peter Buchwald
- Diabetes Research Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, FL, USA.,Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, FL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Tonne JM, Sakuma T, Munoz-Gomez M, El Khatib M, Barry MA, Kudva YC, Ikeda Y. Beta cell regeneration after single-round immunological destruction in a mouse model. Diabetologia 2015; 58:313-23. [PMID: 25338552 PMCID: PMC4287683 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-014-3416-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Accepted: 09/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Achieving a better understanding of beta cell regeneration after immunological destruction is crucial for the development of immunotherapy approaches for type 1 diabetes. In previous type 1 diabetes models, sustained immune activation eliminates regenerating beta cells, thus limiting the study of the regenerative capacity of beta cells upon immunological destruction. Here, we employed an adeno-associated virus 8 (AAV8) vector for beta cell-targeted overexpression of a foreign antigen to induce single-round immunological destruction of existing beta cells. METHODS Young and aged C57BL/6J mice were treated with AAV8 vectors expressing the foreign antigen luciferase. Islet inflammation and regeneration was observed at 3, 6, 10 and 22 weeks post-AAV delivery. RESULTS In young C57BL/6J mice, robust humoral and cellular immune responses were developed towards antigen-expressing beta cells, leading to decreased beta cell mass. This was followed by beta cell mass replenishment, along with enhanced proliferation of insulin-positive cells, recruitment of nestin/CD34-positive endothelial cells, displacement of alpha cells and mobilisation of cytoplasmic neurogenin 3-positive cells. Mice with recovering beta cells showed normal or reduced fasting blood glucose levels and faster glucose clearance than controls. Although aged mice demonstrated similar responses to the treatment, they initially exhibited notable islet scarring and fluctuations in blood glucose levels, indicating that beta cell regeneration is slower in aged mice. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Our hit-and-run, beta cell-targeted antigen expression system provides an opportunity to monitor the impact of single-round immunological beta cell destruction in animals with diverse genetic backgrounds or ageing status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jason M. Tonne
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| | - Toshie Sakuma
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| | - Miguel Munoz-Gomez
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| | - Moustafa El Khatib
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| | - Michael A. Barry
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
| | | | - Yasuhiro Ikeda
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Rathjen T, Tattikota SG, Poy MN. Micro-managing the pancreatic β cell. Cell Cycle 2014; 13:1216-7. [PMID: 24621504 PMCID: PMC4049953 DOI: 10.4161/cc.28513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Rathjen
- Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine; Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Matthew N Poy
- Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine; Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Jiao Y, Rieck S, Le Lay J, Kaestner KH. CISH has no non-redundant functions in glucose homeostasis or beta cell proliferation during pregnancy in mice. Diabetologia 2013; 56:2435-45. [PMID: 23949579 PMCID: PMC3816496 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-013-3014-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2012] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Increased beta cell proliferation during pregnancy is mediated by the Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (JAK2/STAT5) signalling pathway in response to increased lactogen levels. Activation of the pathway leads to transcriptional upregulation of Cish (encoding cytokine-inducible SH2 domain-containing protein), a member of the suppressor of cytokine signalling (SOCS) family of genes, forming a negative-feedback loop. Here, we examined whether conditional gene ablation of Cish in the pancreas improves beta cell proliferation and beta cell function during pregnancy in mice. METHODS We derived mice with a novel, conditional loxP allele for Cish. Pancreas-specific ablation of Cish was achieved by crossing Cish (loxP/loxP) mice with Pdx1-Cre (Early) mice. Beta cell proliferation was quantified by BrdU labelling. Glucose homeostasis was examined with glucose tolerance tests and determination of plasma insulin levels. The expression of other Socs genes and target genes of p-STAT5 related to beta cell function and beta cell proliferation was determined by quantitative PCR. RESULTS There was no difference in beta cell proliferation or glucose homeostasis between the Cish mutant group and the control group. The p-STAT5 protein level was the same in Cish mutant and control mice. Socs2 gene expression was higher in Cish mutant than control mice at pregnancy day 9.5. The expression of other Socs genes was the same between control and mutant mice. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Our results show that CISH has no non-redundant functions in beta cell proliferation or glucose homeostasis during pregnancy in mice. Socs2 might compensate for the loss of Cish during pregnancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Jiao
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sebastian Rieck
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - John Le Lay
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Klaus H. Kaestner
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- 12-126 Smilow Center for Translational Research, 3400 Civic Center Blvd Bldg 421, Philadelphia, PA 19104-5156
| |
Collapse
|