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Chen C. Mapping the terrain: a scoping review of empirical studies on the big five personality traits and QoL in China. Front Psychol 2024; 14:1335657. [PMID: 38282848 PMCID: PMC10811152 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1335657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The relationship between personality traits and Quality of Life (QoL) has garnered increasing scholarly attention, particularly within the context of China. This scoping review synthesizes existing literature on the connection between the Big Five personality traits (Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Neuroticism) and QoL among the Chinese population. The review explores correlations, measurement instruments, and theoretical frameworks employed in these studies. The study's significance lies in the profound implications for healthcare policies, organizational behavior, and social welfare programs in China, where rapid social and economic changes impact well-being. Investigating personality traits' impact on QoL can inform tailored interventions benefiting diverse Chinese subpopulations. This review addresses three primary research questions: (1) How do the Big Five personality traits correlate with QoL in different Chinese subpopulations, and what are the mediating or moderating factors? (2) What instruments assess these traits and QoL in the Chinese cultural context, and how are they validated? (3) What theoretical or disciplinary frameworks guide this research in China? Following a systematic PRISMA-ScR framework and a customized "C-BFQLC" protocol, the study identified 170 relevant documents. After rigorous screening, ten studies met the inclusion criteria, constituting 5.03% of the initial records. This scoping review critically examines the interplay between the Big Five personality traits and QoL in China, a context marked by rapid socioeconomic changes and cultural diversity. Employing a systematic approach guided by the PRISMA-ScR framework and our unique 'C-BFQLC' protocol, we meticulously analyzed 170 documents, selecting nine that met our rigorous inclusion criteria. Despite the emerging nature of this research area in the Chinese context, our study reveals significant insights into how individual personality traits influence various dimensions of well-being. The implications of these findings are profound, extending beyond academic discourse to inform healthcare policies, organizational behavior, and social welfare programs in China. Our review not only offers a comprehensive synthesis of the current research landscape but also identifies critical gaps in the literature. It emphasizes the urgent need for further culturally nuanced research to understand the complex dynamics of personality traits and QoL in China. This work lays a foundational framework for future investigations and the development of tailored interventions aimed at enhancing the well-being of diverse Chinese populations, including the elderly, people with disabilities, and specific occupational groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiren Chen
- School of Marxism, Dongguan Polytechnic, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
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Kodaka F, Noro T, Kishimoto N, Kurosawa M, Itoh Y, Ogawa S, Watanabe T, Kubota M, Hori K, Shigeta M, Nakano T. Personality Traits Associated with Treatment Choice with an Explicit Statistical Prediction After an Explanation in a Negative Context: A Study in Patients with Glaucoma. Clin Ophthalmol 2023; 17:3685-3691. [PMID: 38058693 PMCID: PMC10697141 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s435706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Over 50% of patients with early-stage glaucoma discontinue topical therapy within the first 6 months of treatment initiation. This risk of discontinuation could be reduced by how the ophthalmologist explains the treatment plan. Ophthalmologists can explain the treatment plan to patients in either positive or negative contexts. Although explanations in a negative context can be selected depending on the medical situation, identification of patients who will choose the treatment with explicit statistical prediction after an explanation in a negative context is important; personality traits are related to these emotional decisions. Therefore, in the present study, we examined the personality traits associated with choice of treatment with explicit statistical prediction after an explanation in a negative context. Patients and Methods A total of 147 patients with glaucoma were recruited for this study. The questionnaire booklets used contained positively framed or negatively framed versions of an "Asian disease problem" to enable examination of the influence of the way in which a problem is framed (framing effect) on the participants' decision-making. The Japanese version of the Ten-Item Personality Inventory was used to estimate the personality traits of the participants. Results Low conscientiousness was identified as the only variable that was strongly predictive of the choice of treatment with explicit statistical prediction (β = -0.44, z = 2.19, p = 0.03). In addition, while the association was not statistically significant, low neuroticism was found to be weakly predictive of the choice of uncertain treatment (β = -0.37, z = 1.73, p = 0.08). Conclusion In conclusion, we showed that low levels of conscientiousness predict the choice of treatment with explicit statistical prediction (ie, topical treatment) for glaucoma after an explanation in a negative context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumitoshi Kodaka
- Department of Psychiatry, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiko Noro
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nanami Kishimoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mei Kurosawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Itoh
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shumpei Ogawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Watanabe
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaomi Kubota
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Hori
- Japan Medical Affairs, Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Shigeta
- Department of Psychiatry, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tadashi Nakano
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Ringwald WR, Kaurin A, DuPont CM, Gianaros PJ, Marsland AL, Muldoon MF, Wright AG, Manuck SB. The personality meta-trait of stability and carotid artery atherosclerosis. J Pers 2023; 91:271-284. [PMID: 35366346 PMCID: PMC10760807 DOI: 10.1111/jopy.12716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several personality traits increase the risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Because many of these traits are correlated, their associations with disease risk could reflect shared variance, rather than unique contributions of each trait. We examined a higher-order personality trait of Stability as related to preclinical atherosclerosis and tested whether any such relationship might be explained by correlated variation in cardiometabolic risk factors. METHOD Among 798 community volunteers, lower-order traits of Neuroticism, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness were modeled as latent variables (from self- and informant ratings) and used to estimate the second-order factor, Stability. Cardiometabolic risk was similarly modeled from indicators of glycemic control, blood pressure, adiposity, and lipids. Carotid artery atherosclerosis was measured as intima-media thickness (IMT) by duplex ultrasonography. RESULT A structural equation model incorporating direct and indirect effects showed lower Stability associated with greater IMT, and this relationship was accounted for by the indirect pathway via cardiometabolic risk. Secondary analyses showed that: (1) Neuroticism, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness were unrelated to IMT independent of Stability; and (2) Stability predicted variation in IMT when estimated from informant-, but not self-rated, traits. CONCLUSION Personality traits may associate with atherosclerotic burden through their shared, rather than unique, variance, as reflected in Stability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aleksandra Kaurin
- Faculty of Health/School of Psychology and Psychiatry, Witten/Herdecke University
| | | | | | | | - Matthew F. Muldoon
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
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Ong YX, Kim HK, Pelzer BO, Tan YY, Lim WP, Chua AKL, Koh BY. Profile identification and characterization of risk perceptions and preventive behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic: A latent profile analysis. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1085208. [PMID: 36891206 PMCID: PMC9986486 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1085208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In a public health crisis, communication plays a vital role in making sure policies and recommendations from the government level get disseminated accurately to its people and is only considered as effective when the public accepts, supports, complies to, and engages in policies or behaves as per governments' recommendations. Adopting the multivariate audience segmentation strategy for health communication, this study uses a data-driven analytical method to (1) identify audience segments of public health crisis communication in Singapore based on knowledge, risk perception, emotional responses, and preventive behaviors; and (2) characterize each audience segment according to demographic factors, personality traits, information processing styles, and health information preferences. Results (N = 2033) from a web-based questionnaire executed in August 2021 have identified three audience segments: the less-concerned (n = 650), the risk-anxious (n = 142), and the risk-majority (n = 1,241). This study offers insights to how audiences of public health crisis communication perceive, process, and respond to information directed to them during the pandemic, thereby informing policy makers to tailor more targeted public health communication interventions in promoting positive attitude and behavior change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xuan Ong
- Wee Kim Wee School of Communication and Information, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hye Kyung Kim
- Wee Kim Wee School of Communication and Information, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Benjamin O Pelzer
- Wee Kim Wee School of Communication and Information, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | | | | | - Bei Yi Koh
- DSO National Laboratories, Singapore, Singapore
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Yu J, Song H. Prevalence and risk factors of loneliness among patients with hematological malignancies. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e31900. [PMID: 36482642 PMCID: PMC9726378 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000031900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To identify independent factors for predicting loneliness in patients with hematological malignancies. It is an observational cross-sectional study. 157 patients with hematologic malignancies were enrolled between March 2020 and May 2020. The sociodemographic characteristics and psychometric properties (coping styles, self-esteem, big 5 personality traits, and hope) were tested for correlation with loneliness. Multivariate hierarchical regression analysis was then utilized to identify independent risk factors for loneliness. The patients exhibited a mean global score of 36.25 that corresponded to a moderate degree of loneliness. The sociodemographic factors, including occupation, family earning, living areas, times of hospitalization, were significantly related to loneliness. In addition, the coping styles, levels of self-esteem, the big 5 personality traits, and levels of hope were significantly correlated with the degrees of loneliness. Furthermore, sociodemographic factors (occupation) and psychometric properties (coping styles and hope) were identified as independent predictors for loneliness in patients with hematological malignancies. Loneliness is highly prevalent in patients with hematological malignancies. Notably, occupation, times of hospitalization, family earning, coping styles, self-esteem, big 5 personality traits, and hope are all independent risk factors for loneliness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junye Yu
- Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing, China
- * Correspondence: Junye Yu, Aerospace Center Hospital, 15 Yuquan Rd. Haidian District, Beijing 100049, China (e-mail: )
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Cohen-Louck K, Zvi L. A Model for Predicting Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder due to Exposure to Chronic Political Violence: Big Five Personality Traits, Ego-Resiliency, and Coping. J Interpers Violence 2022; 37:NP23241-NP23261. [PMID: 35337199 PMCID: PMC9679561 DOI: 10.1177/08862605221080144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Research on psychological effects of exposure to political violence has focused mainly on the effect of environmental factors whereas the effect of individual differences is understudied. The present study offers an integrative model of the contribution of personality traits, ego-resiliency, and coping styles to post-traumatic stress (PTS) symptomatology of civilians exposed to chronic political violence. Three-hundred and thirty-two Israeli citizens living in the south region of Israel were asked to report their experience with different types of political violence incidents, their coping strategies, and PTS symptoms. The participants were also asked to complete the Big Five personality Inventory and Ego-Resiliency Scale. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis indicated that ego-resiliency and emotion-focused coping mediate the relationship between big five personality traits and levels of stress symptoms. It is suggested that neurotic people are more vulnerable to PTS due to low levels of ego-resiliency and a preference to use emotion-focused coping strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keren Cohen-Louck
- Keren Cohen-Louck, Department of
Criminology, Ariel University, Kiryat hamada, Ariel 40700, Israel.
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Yang L, Bashiru Danwana S, Issahaku FLY, Matloob S, Zhu J. Investigating the Effects of Personality on the Safety Behavior of Gold Mine Workers: A Moderated Mediation Approach. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:16054. [PMID: 36498127 PMCID: PMC9736175 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192316054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Based on prior research on the relationship between personality and safety behavior, we construct a moderated mediation model that tests the effects of each of the Big Five personality traits (openness, conscientiousness, agreeableness, extraversion, and neuroticism) on the safety behavior of gold miners in Ghana. The model included safety competency as a mediator between the five personality traits and safety behavior. Management commitment to safety was used as a moderator to test the strength of the mediation of safety competency. Data was collected from 344 individuals employed across six large-scale gold mining companies in Ghana using a questionnaire survey. Amos 26 was used to conduct confirmatory factor analysis. The hypotheses were tested using Hayes PROCESS macros models 4 and 7 on SPSS 26. Findings show that openness and extraversion have an insignificant direct influence on safety behavior. Neuroticism negatively affects safety behavior. In contrast, conscientiousness and agreeableness positively affect safety behavior. Mediation analysis revealed that safety competency partially mediates the relationships between (1) conscientiousness and safety behavior and (2) agreeableness and safety behavior. The relationship between extraversion and safety behavior is fully mediated by safety competency. Additionally, we discovered that management safety commitment has a significant conditional indirect effect (Index of moderated mediation = 0.168 95% CI = [0.122;0.222]) on the relationship between conscientiousness and safety behavior through safety competency. Management safety commitment also significantly moderated (Index of moderated mediation = 0.075 95% CI = [0.021;0.120]) the relationship between agreeableness and safety behavior through safety competency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yang
- School of Economics and Management, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Sumaiya Bashiru Danwana
- School of Economics and Management, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
| | | | - Sundas Matloob
- School of Economics and Management, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Junqi Zhu
- School of Economics and Management, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
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Rostami M, Ahmadboukani S, Saleh Manijeh H. Big Five Personality Traits and Predicting Mental Health among Iranian Older Adults. Gerontol Geriatr Med 2022; 8:23337214221132365. [PMID: 36340048 PMCID: PMC9629558 DOI: 10.1177/23337214221132365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging has been a major issue for experts, policymakers, and even the general public in recent years. There is a growing body of evidence highlighting the role of personality traits in the health of older adults, but this evidence is still in its infancy. This study aimed to investigate the role of the big five personality traits in predicting the mental health among older adults. In this cross-sectional study, 150 community-residing older adults were selected and completed the Ten Item Personality Inventory, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, Adult Hope Scale, and Short-Form Health Survey. According to the results, extraversion and openness to experience can explain 11% of the variances of hope, extraversion and conscientiousness account for 16% of the variances in perceived social support, and all the big five personality traits together predict 34% of the variances in the health-related quality of life. Given the role of personality traits in predicting the mental health of older adults, counselors and psychologists working with these people can pay attention to the personality traits of older adults in designing their psychological, educational, and research programs to achieve more desirable outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Rostami
- Department of Counseling, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Soliman Ahmadboukani
- Department of Counseling, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Hiwa Saleh Manijeh
- Department of Counseling, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Hiwa Saleh Manijeh, Department of Counseling, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Koodakyar Ave, Daneshjoo Blvd, Evin, Tehran 1985713831, Iran.
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9
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Gong Z, Jiao X, Zhang M, Qu Q, Sun B. Effects of personal growth initiative on occupational engagement of college students in the uncertain social context: A cross-lagged model and a moderated mediation model. Front Psychol 2022; 13:988737. [PMID: 36211915 PMCID: PMC9533056 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.988737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the international social context has become increasingly volatile, uncertain, complex, ambiguous (VUCA), and college students need a high level of long-term occupational engagement to cope with the unpredictability of the current employment environment. In this context, this study used a longitudinal design to explore the relationship between personal growth initiative and occupational engagement among college students and, based on this, further explored the role of vocational identity and Big Five personality traits in it. This study used a questionnaire survey method and the study participants were 700 college students in Shandong, China. And the time interval between the two questionnaire measurements was 4 months, with 559 final valid participants (182 males and 377 females). The following results were found in this study: (1) The cross-lagged model found that personal growth initiative was a significant positive predictor of occupational engagement. (2) The moderated mediation model found that vocational identity mediated the relationship between personal growth initiative and occupational engagement, and that neuroticism among the Big Five personality traits played a moderating role, i.e., individuals with higher level of neuroticism personality trait had a relatively weaker positive predictive effect of vocational identity on occupational engagement. This study concludes that colleges and universities need to understand students' interests and personality traits and provide more targeted career education (e.g., intentional growth training and cognitive behavioral therapy) to promote their personal growth initiatives, reduce their neuroticism levels and in turn enhance their vocational identity in order to help college students achieve long-term sustainable occupational engagement in the uncertain social context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhun Gong
- Normal College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xinian Jiao
- Normal College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | | | - Qunzhen Qu
- School of Economics and Management, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai, China
| | - Baicai Sun
- Normal College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Jalaeian Zaferani E, Teshnehlab M, Khodadadian A, Heitzinger C, Vali M, Noii N, Wick T. Hyper-Parameter Optimization of Stacked Asymmetric Auto-Encoders for Automatic Personality Traits Perception. Sensors (Basel) 2022; 22:s22166206. [PMID: 36015967 PMCID: PMC9413006 DOI: 10.3390/s22166206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a method for automatic hyper-parameter tuning of the stacked asymmetric auto-encoder is proposed. In previous work, the deep learning ability to extract personality perception from speech was shown, but hyper-parameter tuning was attained by trial-and-error, which is time-consuming and requires machine learning knowledge. Therefore, obtaining hyper-parameter values is challenging and places limits on deep learning usage. To address this challenge, researchers have applied optimization methods. Although there were successes, the search space is very large due to the large number of deep learning hyper-parameters, which increases the probability of getting stuck in local optima. Researchers have also focused on improving global optimization methods. In this regard, we suggest a novel global optimization method based on the cultural algorithm, multi-island and the concept of parallelism to search this large space smartly. At first, we evaluated our method on three well-known optimization benchmarks and compared the results with recently published papers. Results indicate that the convergence of the proposed method speeds up due to the ability to escape from local optima, and the precision of the results improves dramatically. Afterward, we applied our method to optimize five hyper-parameters of an asymmetric auto-encoder for automatic personality perception. Since inappropriate hyper-parameters lead the network to over-fitting and under-fitting, we used a novel cost function to prevent over-fitting and under-fitting. As observed, the unweighted average recall (accuracy) was improved by 6.52% (9.54%) compared to our previous work and had remarkable outcomes compared to other published personality perception works.
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Affiliation(s)
- Effat Jalaeian Zaferani
- Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran 19967-15433, Iran
| | - Mohammad Teshnehlab
- Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran 19967-15433, Iran
| | - Amirreza Khodadadian
- Institute of Applied Mathematics, Leibniz University of Hannover, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Clemens Heitzinger
- Institute of Analysis and Scientific Computing, TU Wien, 1040 Vienna, Austria
- Center for Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning (CAIML), TU Wien, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Mansour Vali
- Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran 19967-15433, Iran
| | - Nima Noii
- Institute of Continuum Mechanics, Leibniz University of Hannover, 30823 Garbsen, Germany
| | - Thomas Wick
- Institute of Applied Mathematics, Leibniz University of Hannover, 30167 Hannover, Germany
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Zhang J, Ge P, Li X, Yin M, Wang Y, Ming W, Li J, Li P, Sun X, Wu Y. Personality Effects on Chinese Public Preference for the COVID-19 Vaccination: Discrete Choice Experiment and Latent Profile Analysis Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:4842. [PMID: 35457708 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19084842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Objective: This study aims to investigate the differences in public vaccination preference for the COVID-19 vaccine with different personality characteristics. Methods: Based on the Big Five Personality Inventory (BFI-10), a total of 1200 respondents were categorized by personality characteristics using Latent Profile Analysis (LPA). The preference of members the public with different personality characteristics for COVID-19 vaccination was investigated based on a discrete choice experiment (DCE). Results: All respondents were divided into three groups, named the General and Stable type (79.67%), Conscientious and Agreeable type (9.5%), and Open and Extroverted type (10.83%). For the percentage importance of vaccine attributes, both the General and Stable type and Conscientious and Agreeable type respondents considered cost to be the most important (41.93% and 34.95% respectively). However, the Open and Extroverted type respondents considered efficacy as the most important (31.05%). In our conditional logit model (CLOGIT), for vaccine adverse effects, the General and Stable type and Conscientious and Agreeable type respondents preferred “very mild”, while the Open and Extroverted type preferred “mild” (OR:1.108, 95%CI 0.977–1.256). The Open and Extroverted type had a higher willingness to pay (WTP) for the most preferred vaccine level compared to the other types. Conclusions: The Open and Extroverted respondents have the highest willingness to vaccinate. The General and Stable type and Conscientious and Agreeable respondents think that the cost of the vaccine is the most important attribute, and prefer the mildest side effects. The Open and Extroverted type think that vaccine efficacy is the most important attribute, prefer “mild” side effects, and have higher willingness to pay for their favorite vaccine level.
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Fletcher AC, Delgadillo J. Psychotherapists' personality traits and their influence on treatment processes and outcomes: A scoping review. J Clin Psychol 2022; 78:1267-1287. [PMID: 34993964 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.23310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prior research indicates that patients' personality traits are associated with psychotherapy processes and outcomes. However, the potential relevance of therapists' personality traits is less understood. METHODS This is a scoping review of studies investigating associations between therapists' personality traits with treatment processes and outcomes. Three databases (Scopus, PsycINFO, and Web of Science) were searched, identifying 27 eligible studies synthesized using a narrative review of key findings. RESULTS The influence of therapists' personality traits was studied in relation to therapeutic orientation, interpersonal skills, therapist competence and skill, model fidelity, treatment outcomes, therapeutic alliance, and therapist well-being. Findings indicate that therapists' personality traits are associated with the choice of therapeutic orientation and with interpersonal skills, but there is mixed evidence about associations with clinical outcomes. CONCLUSION Therapists' personality traits are associated with therapeutic orientation and interpersonal skills. However, it remains unclear whether therapists' personality traits influence other aspects of therapeutic processes or outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jaime Delgadillo
- Clinical Psychology Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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Khodaverdian Dehkordi M, Jabbari AA, Mazdayasna G. Examining the Association of Grit Profiles With Big Five Personality and Achievement Among Iranian Foreign Language Learners. Front Psychol 2021; 12:801844. [PMID: 35002895 PMCID: PMC8739960 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.801844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Grit-trait-level perseverance and prolonged passion for primary goals-is related to several indicators of educational success such as academic achievement, engagement, and motivation. Although there is new evidence showing the beneficial effects of grit, most research has taken a variable-focused approach and consequently has failed to indicate how individuals with different grit profiles might have different academic results. The present study aimed to build on the existing literature on grit by investigating the relationship between grit, big five personality and L2 achievement. The participants of this study were 384 English as a Foreign Language (EFL) students from different academic majors studying at Yazd University. They had enrolled in General English (GE) courses. The results of the cluster analyses showed that there were three natural grit profiles (Cluster 1 = High Perseverance and High Consistency; Cluster 2 = High Perseverance and Low Consistency; Cluster = Low Perseverance and High Consistency) in the current study. The results of the multivariate analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that students belonging to cluster 1 had the highest scores on big five personality traits and L2 achievement. The results also showed that when taking academic exams, high perseverance of effort and low consistency of interest were related to higher level of neuroticism and lower level of consciousness. Our study has some theoretical and practical implications. Regarding the theory, this study is related to the existing grit literature by elaborating the relationship between grit profiles, big five personality traits, and L2A. Regarding the practice, our findings affirm the significance of developing and implementing the big five personality traits interventions in grit prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ali Akbar Jabbari
- Department of English Language and Literature, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
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14
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Chisholm-Burns MA, Berg-Poppe P, Spivey CA, Karges-Brown J, Pithan A. Developing a Framework of Relationships Among Noncognitive Factors in Doctor of Pharmacy Students' Academic Performance. Am J Pharm Educ 2021; 85:8608. [PMID: 34301564 PMCID: PMC8715980 DOI: 10.5688/ajpe8608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Objective. To develop a framework of the effects of select noncognitive factors (grit, perceived stress, internal locus of control, and select Big Five personality traits) on pharmacy students' academic performance.Methods. A survey measuring select noncognitive factors was administered to two cohorts of first professional year (P1) pharmacy students (entering classes of 2019 and 2020, n=374) during fall orientation. Demographics, pre-pharmacy GPA, and P1 fall semester GPA were collected from student records. Structural equation modeling was conducted to assess the proposed framework.Results. Academic performance was directly influenced by students' (n=367; 98.1%) perceived stress and neuroticism and indirectly influenced by internal locus of control and neuroticism (via perceived stress as mediator). Neuroticism has a complex relationship in the models as it was directly and positively associated with academic performance, and indirectly contributed to decreased academic performance via a positive association with perceived stress. Squared multiple correlations indicated 13% and 9% of the variance in academic performance in the first final model (academic performance measured by pre-pharmacy GPA and P1 fall GPA) and second final model (academic performance measured by P1 fall GPA), respectively, were explained by the predictor variables.Conclusion. Evidence provided by structural equation modeling supports the conclusion that select noncognitive factors, namely perceived stress, neuroticism, and internal locus of control, have direct and indirect effects on the academic success of P1 students. The model variances of 9% and 13% represent 36% to 52% of the predictive value of the most accepted cognitive measures used to determine students' potential for academic success.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Patti Berg-Poppe
- University of South Dakota, School of Health Sciences, Vermillion, South Dakota
| | - Christina A Spivey
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Pharmacy, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Joy Karges-Brown
- University of South Dakota, School of Health Sciences, Vermillion, South Dakota
| | - Anne Pithan
- University of South Dakota, School of Health Sciences, Vermillion, South Dakota
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15
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Müller M, Sindermann C, Rozgonjuk D, Montag C. Mind-Wandering Mediates the Associations Between Neuroticism and Conscientiousness, and Tendencies Towards Smartphone Use Disorder. Front Psychol 2021; 12:661541. [PMID: 34526928 PMCID: PMC8435592 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.661541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mounting evidence suggests that smartphone overuse/smartphone use disorder (SmUD) is associated with negative affectivity. Given a large number of smartphone users worldwide (currently about 4.7 billion) and the fact that many individuals carry their smartphones around 24/7, it is of high importance to better understand the phenomenon of smartphone overuse. Based on the interaction of person-affect-cognition-execution (I-PACE) model, we investigated the links between SmUD and the personality traits, neuroticism and conscientiousness, which represent two vulnerability factors robustly linked to SmUD according to a recent meta-analysis. Beyond that, we tested the effects of mind-wandering (MW) and fear of missing out (FoMO) in the relation between individual differences in personality and tendencies towards SmUD. The effective sample comprised 414 study participants (151 men and 263 women, age M = 33.6, SD = 13.5). By applying a structural equation modeling (SEM) technique, we observed that the associations of higher neuroticism and lower conscientiousness with higher levels of SmUD were mediated by higher scores in mind-wandering. These novel findings can help to understand the associations between personality and SmUD in more detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Müller
- Department of Molecular Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Cornelia Sindermann
- Department of Molecular Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Dmitri Rozgonjuk
- Department of Molecular Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.,Institute of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Christian Montag
- Department of Molecular Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
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16
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Aoyama T, Ae K, Souma H, Miyata K, Kajita K, Kawamura T, Iwai K. Difference in Personality Traits and Symptom Intensity According to the Trigger-Based Classification of Throwing Yips in Baseball Players. Front Sports Act Living 2021; 3:652792. [PMID: 34514382 PMCID: PMC8424038 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2021.652792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The triggers of initial onset of yips symptoms can be broadly divided into psychological and non-psychological factors; however, a trigger-based classification of yips has not been established. This study aims to obtain insight into the prevention of yips by clarifying whether there are differences in symptoms and personality traits according to a trigger-based classification of yips in baseball players. A total of 107 college baseball players responded to a questionnaire assessing the presence or absence of yips and its symptoms. They were classified into the psychologically triggered yips group, the non-psychologically triggered yips group, and the non-yips group based on the presence or absence of yips and the triggers of its initial onset. Additionally, we compared whether personality traits examined by the NEO Five-Factor Inventory differed across these three groups. The psychologically triggered yips group had significantly higher agreeableness scores compared with the non-yips group, whereas the non-psychologically triggered yips group had significantly higher neuroticism scores compared with the psychologically triggered yips group. In the non-psychologically triggered yips group, there was a significantly higher frequency of throwing errors than in the psychologically triggered yips group, with a tendency to develop yips symptoms gradually. Since the trigger-based classification of yips is closely related to the strength of the yips symptoms and the players' personality traits, the results of this study contribute to a better understanding of the symptoms of yips and establishment of the prevention of yips. Large prospective studies are necessary to determine the causal relationship between a trigger-based classification of yips and the personality traits and symptoms of athletes with yips.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyuki Aoyama
- Department of Physical Therapy, Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Ami-machi, Japan
| | - Kazumichi Ae
- Department of Physical Therapy, Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Ami-machi, Japan
| | - Hiroto Souma
- Department of Sports Rehabilitation, Gakusai Hospital, Nakagyo-ku, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Miyata
- Department of Physical Therapy, Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Ami-machi, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Kajita
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tukuba, Japan.,Educational Development Center, Kyoto University of Advanced Science, Kameoka, Japan
| | - Takashi Kawamura
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tukuba, Japan
| | - Koichi Iwai
- Center for Humanities and Sciences, Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Ami-machi, Japan
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17
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Fink M, Bäuerle A, Schmidt K, Rheindorf N, Musche V, Dinse H, Moradian S, Weismüller B, Schweda A, Teufel M, Skoda EM. COVID-19-Fear Affects Current Safety Behavior Mediated by Neuroticism-Results of a Large Cross-Sectional Study in Germany. Front Psychol 2021; 12:671768. [PMID: 34421728 PMCID: PMC8377249 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.671768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Although many research studies concerning changes in personality and behavior in time of COVID-19 pandemic emerged, important questions still have not been answered. This study with a large sample aimed to give insights into the impact of personality on pandemic fear and behavior by investigating the Big Five traits, COVID-19-fear, and associated behavioral changes in a large German-speaking sample. Methods: About 14,048 healthy respondents (65.5% female, 34.2% male, and 0.32% other gender/gender queer; range = 18-85 years, median age 35-44 years) participated in the survey during the COVID-19 pandemic. Two scales, "adherent" safety behavior (ASB, α = 0.857) and "dysfunctional" safety behavior (DSB, α = 0.876), three items each, measured pandemic-associated behavior. The Big Five Inventory-10 (BFI-10) tested personality traits. Results: While ASB correlated negatively with extraversion (rho = -0.053, ≤ 0.001), the other four traits were positively associated, with the highest association for neuroticism (rho = 0.116, ≤ 0.001), whereas neuroticism showed a positive correlation (rho = 0.142, ≤ 0.001) with DSB, extraversion (rho = -0.042, ≤ 0.001), agreeableness (rho = -0.028, ≤ 0.001), and conscientiousness (rho = -0.025, ≤ 0.001) correlated negatively with it. Regression analyses showed a small extent of the effect of personality traits. Moreover, neuroticism mediated the association between COVID-19-fear and DSB (positive-directed). Conclusions: Even though our results on correlations between personality, pandemic fear, and related behavior are in line with the existing literature studies, the analyses clearly show that the impact of personality traits, including neuroticism, on pandemic behavior is very small. Rather, pandemic fear has a much larger influence on the safety behavior mediated through neuroticism. Further studies should bear in mind that personality traits can not only have influencing effects but also mediating effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine Fink
- Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, LVR University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Alexander Bäuerle
- Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, LVR University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Kira Schmidt
- Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, LVR University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Nadine Rheindorf
- Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, LVR University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Venja Musche
- Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, LVR University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Hannah Dinse
- Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, LVR University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Sheila Moradian
- Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, LVR University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Benjamin Weismüller
- Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, LVR University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Adam Schweda
- Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, LVR University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Martin Teufel
- Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, LVR University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Eva-Maria Skoda
- Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, LVR University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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18
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Otero-López JM, Santiago MJ, Castro MC. Big Five Personality Traits, Coping Strategies and Compulsive Buying in Spanish University Students. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:821. [PMID: 33477931 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18020821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Personality traits and coping strategies have historically been two key elements in the field of health psychology. It is, therefore, striking that there is no study in the field of compulsive buying that integrates the most generic, decontextualized and stable aspects (traits) with those having a more marked processual and dynamic nature, which are closer to goal-based views of human nature (coping strategies). Another weakness of the compulsive buying field is that, despite the confirmed growing increase in compulsive buying in the younger age groups, most studies have been conducted with adult samples. Hence, this study seeks to clarify the role of the Big Five domains and different coping strategies in university students’ compulsive buying. The sample consisted of 1093 participants who were classified as either compulsive buyers or non-compulsive buyers. Both groups were compared regarding sociodemographic variables (gender, age), the Big Five personality traits, and coping strategies through chi-square tests or Student’s t-tests. Besides, a multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine which of these determinants might play a part in the construction of a risk profile for compulsive buying. The results showed that other than gender (specifically being female), Neuroticism and the use of such coping strategies as problem avoidance and wishful thinking are risk factors that increase the propensity for compulsive buying. The use of active coping strategies such as problem solving, cognitive restructuring and social support, as well as the Conscientiousness dimension are protection factors that decrease the likelihood of becoming a compulsive buyer. Finally, and on the basis of the findings obtained, possible guidelines are given, which, hopefully, may effectively contribute to the prevention of and/or intervention in compulsive buying among young adults.
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Anwar M, Clauß T. Personality traits and bricolage as drivers of sustainable social responsibility in family SMEs: A COVID‐19 perspective. Business and Society Review 2021; 126:37-68. [PMCID: PMC8014499 DOI: 10.1111/basr.12222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Motivated by the social and environmental challenges resulting from the COVID‐19 pandemic, this research examines the influence of the “big five” personality traits; extroversion, agreeableness, openness, conscientiousness, and neuroticism on sustainable social responsibility with a mediating role of bricolage. We collected empirical evidence from 245 family‐owned SMEs. The results indicate that the personality traits do not directly influence sustainable social responsibility, although the traits (except extroversion) influence bricolage. Moreover, we found that open, conscious, and agreeable personalities indirectly contribute to sustainable social responsibility, with bricolage as a mediator. Our findings encourage enterprises to focus on those personality traits during crises (especially COVID‐19) that empower people to effectively manage existing resources (e.g., bricolage) and protect their stakeholders. Family‐owned SMEs need to assign resource utilization tasks to family members having personalities of openness, conscientiousness, and neuroticism because these kinds of people have high capacities for bricolage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Anwar
- Witten Institute for Family BusinessUniversity of Witten/HerdeckeWittenGermany
| | - Thomas Clauß
- Witten Institute for Family BusinessUniversity of Witten/HerdeckeWittenGermany
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20
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Zhou Y, Zhang Z, Wang K, Chen S, Zhou M, Zhang J. Personality and emerging adults' friend selection on social networking sites: A social network analysis perspective. Psych J 2020; 10:62-75. [PMID: 33034167 DOI: 10.1002/pchj.404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Personality affects how emerging adults select friends and how they are selected on social networking sites (SNSs). Big Five personality traits and frequency of contacts on SNSs were collected from 160 college freshmen (M = 18 years) under a round-robin design over 2 months. Using social network analyses, we examined how personality and dyadic similarity affect online friend selections among new acquaintances. Our results show that people with high extraversion, neuroticism, and agreeableness and low openness selected more friends, verifying both the social enhancement hypothesis and the social compensation hypothesis. People with low extraversion, conscientiousness, and neuroticism and high openness were selected as online friends more often. Only openness dissimilarity had a salutary effect. We discuss the role of personality in social networking friend selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Department of Media and Communication, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- School of Journalism and Communication, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Kexin Wang
- College of Media and International Culture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuang Chen
- School of Journalism and Communication, University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mingjie Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianxin Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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21
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Urquijo I, Extremera N, Azanza G. The Contribution of Emotional Intelligence to Career Success: Beyond Personality Traits. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019; 16:E4809. [PMID: 31795505 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16234809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study sought to investigate the role of emotional intelligence in both extrinsic and intrinsic career success in early and later career stages. Specifically, we examined the predictive and incremental validity of emotional intelligence in career success after controlling for personality factors in a sample of 271 graduates. When analyzing extrinsic career success, regression analyses revealed that demographic variables, such as gender, age, area of study and career stage, and the variable of proactive personality, were related to salary. When the dependent variable was job satisfaction, emotional intelligence acted as a strong predictor, even when personality traits and proactive personality were controlled. These findings provide preliminary evidence that emotional intelligence is a relevant addition to guide the achievement of career success. Finally, limitations of the results and implications of these findings are discussed.
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22
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Wundrack R, Prager J, Asselmann E, O'Connell G, Specht J. Does Intraindividual Variability of Personality States Improve Perspective Taking? An Ecological Approach Integrating Personality and Social Cognition. J Intell 2018; 6:E50. [PMID: 31162477 PMCID: PMC6480758 DOI: 10.3390/jintelligence6040050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 11/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Research integrating cognitive abilities and personality has focused on the role of personality traits. We propose a theory on the role of intraindividual variability of personality states (hereafter state variability) on perspective taking, in particular, the ability to infer other peoples' mental states. First, we review the relevant research on personality psychology and social cognition. Second, we propose two complementary routes by which state variability relates to anchoring and adjustment in perspective taking. The first route, termed ego-dispersion, suggests that an increased state variability decreases egocentric bias, which reduces anchoring. The second route, termed perspective-pooling, suggests that an increased state variability facilitates efficient adjustment. We also discuss how our theory can be investigated empirically. The theory is rooted in an ecological interpretation of personality and social cognition, and flags new ways for integrating these fields of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Wundrack
- Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10099 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Julia Prager
- Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10099 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Eva Asselmann
- Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10099 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Garret O'Connell
- Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10099 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Jule Specht
- Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10099 Berlin, Germany.
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23
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Wang MY, Zhang J, Lu FM, Xiang YT, Yuan Z. Neuroticism and conscientiousness respectively positively and negatively correlated with the network characteristic path length in dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex: A resting-state fNIRS study. Brain Behav 2018; 8:e01074. [PMID: 30054989 PMCID: PMC6160652 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Revised: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulating evidence shows that the dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) is implicated in personality traits. In this study, resting-state functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) combined with small-world analysis was utilized to examine the relationship between the network properties of dlPFC and personality traits. METHODS Thirty college students (aged between 20 and 29) were recruited from the University of Macau campus, whose personality scores were accessed with the NEO-FFT questionnaire. Graph theory combined with resting-state fNIRS data was used to quantify the network properties of dlPFC, whereas Pearson correlation analysis was performed to generate the relationship between the small-world indicators and personality scores. RESULTS Compared to matched random networks, the resting-state brain networks exhibited a larger clustering coefficient (Cp , 0.1-0.66), shorter characteristic path length (Lp , 0.1-0.66), and higher global (Eg , 0.1-0.66) and local efficiency (Eloc , 0.1-0.65). In particular, conscientiousness (r = -0.63) and neuroticism (r = 0.40) respectively showed negative and positive correlation with the Lp . CONCLUSIONS The resting-state functional brain networks in dlPFC exhibited the small-world properties. In addition, participants with higher conscientiousness scores showed a shorter Lp .
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Yun Wang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Faculty of Education, University of Macau, Taipa, China
| | - Feng-Mei Lu
- Chengdu Mental Health Center, Chengdu, China.,MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu-Tao Xiang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, China
| | - Zhen Yuan
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, China
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24
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Götz FM, Ebert T, Rentfrow PJ. Regional Cultures and the Psychological Geography of Switzerland: Person-Environment-Fit in Personality Predicts Subjective Wellbeing. Front Psychol 2018; 9:517. [PMID: 29713299 PMCID: PMC5911505 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study extended traditional nation-based research on person-culture-fit to the regional level. First, we examined the geographical distribution of Big Five personality traits in Switzerland. Across the 26 Swiss cantons, unique patterns were observed for all traits. For Extraversion and Neuroticism clear language divides emerged between the French- and Italian-speaking South-West vs. the German-speaking North-East. Second, multilevel modeling demonstrated that person-environment-fit in Big Five, composed of elevation (i.e., mean differences between individual profile and cantonal profile), scatter (differences in mean variances) and shape (Pearson correlations between individual and cantonal profiles across all traits; Furr, 2008, 2010), predicted the development of subjective wellbeing (i.e., life satisfaction, satisfaction with personal relationships, positive affect, negative affect) over a period of 4 years. Unexpectedly, while the effects of shape were in line with the person-environment-fit hypothesis (better fit predicted higher subjective wellbeing), the effects of scatter showed the opposite pattern, while null findings were observed for elevation. Across a series of robustness checks, the patterns for shape and elevation were consistently replicated. While that was mostly the case for scatter as well, the effects of scatter appeared to be somewhat less robust and more sensitive to the specific way fit was modeled when predicting certain outcomes (negative affect, positive affect). Distinguishing between supplementary and complementary fit may help to reconcile these findings and future research should explore whether and if so under which conditions these concepts may be applicable to the respective facets of person-culture-fit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Friedrich M Götz
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Tobias Ebert
- Mannheim Centre for European Social Research, University of Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Peter J Rentfrow
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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25
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Di Domenico SI, Ryan RM. Commentary: Primary Emotional Systems and Personality: An Evolutionary Perspective. Front Psychol 2017; 8:1414. [PMID: 28871233 PMCID: PMC5566974 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano I Di Domenico
- Institute for Positive Psychology and Education, Australian Catholic UniversitySydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Richard M Ryan
- Institute for Positive Psychology and Education, Australian Catholic UniversitySydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Clinical and Social Sciences in Psychology, University of RochesterRochester, NY, United States
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Lin CC, Lin BYJ, Lin CD. Influence of clerks' personality on their burnout in the clinical workplace: a longitudinal observation. BMC Med Educ 2016; 16:30. [PMID: 26818034 PMCID: PMC4730758 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-016-0553-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/09/2016] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The clinical training of medical students in clerkship is crucial to their future practice in healthcare services. This study investigates burnout during a 2-year clerkship training period as well as the role of personality traits on burnout during training. METHODS Ninety-four clerks at a tertiary medical centre who provided at least 10 responses to a routine survey on clinical rotation were included in this study, which spanned September 2013 to April 2015. Web-based, validated, structured, self-administered questionnaires were used to evaluate the clerks' personalities at the beginning of the first clerkship year, and regular surveys were conducted to evaluate their burnout at each clinical specialty rotation throughout the 2-year clerkship period. Overall, 2230 responses were analysed, and linear mixed-effects models were used to examine the repeated measures of the clerks. RESULTS Our findings revealed that medical student burnout scores were lower in the second year than they were in the first year of clerkships. Using the Big Five personality factors, all of the propensities, namely extroversion, agreeableness, consciousness, emotional stability, and openness were related to different extents of burnout reduction in the first clerkship year (P < .05). However, only emotional stability and openness were related to clerks' reduced burnout in the second clerkship year. Furthermore, being female, older, and with accompanied living were more closely related to lower burnout compared with being male, younger, and living alone throughout the clerkship period. CONCLUSIONS The students in the first-year clerkship, particularly those with higher burnout levels, had tendencies in the Big Five personality characteristics, exhibiting higher levels of introversion, antagonism, lack of direction, neuroticism, and not open to new experiences. The students in the second-year clerkship who do not exhibit a high propensity for emotional stability and openness should be of particular concern. The findings can serve as a reference for clinical teachers and mentors to effectively prevent and reduce the burnout of medical students during clerkship training at clinical workplaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Chieh Lin
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, No.91, Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, 404, Taiwan, ROC.
- Department of Family Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, No.2, Yude Road, Taichung, 404, Taiwan, ROC.
- Department of Healthcare Administration, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, No. 500, Lioufeng Rd., Wufeng, Taichung, 413, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Blossom Yen-Ju Lin
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, No.91, Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, 404, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Chia-Der Lin
- Department of Education, Department of Otolaryngology, China Medical University Hospital, No.2, Yude Road, Taichung, 404, Taiwan, ROC.
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