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Lasley JN, Appiah EO, Kojima K, Blacksell SD. Global Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory Equipment Management and Sustainability and Implications for Pandemic Preparedness Priorities 1. Emerg Infect Dis 2023; 29:1-12. [PMID: 36958021 PMCID: PMC10045690 DOI: 10.3201/eid2904.220778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Substantial investments into laboratories, notably sophisticated equipment, have been made over time to detect emerging diseases close to their source. Diagnostic capacity has expanded as a result, but challenges have emerged. The Equipment Management and Sustainability Survey was sent to the Veterinary Services of 182 countries in mid-2019. We measured the status of forty types of laboratory equipment used in veterinary diagnostic laboratories. Of the 68,455 items reported from 227 laboratories in 136 countries, 22% (14,894/68,455) were improperly maintained, and 46% (29,957/65,490) were improperly calibrated. Notable differences were observed across World Bank income levels and regions, raising concerns about equipment reliability and the results they produce. Our results will advise partners and donors on how best to support low-resource veterinary laboratories to improve sustainability and fulfill their mandate toward pandemic prevention and preparedness, as well as encourage equipment manufacturers to spur innovation and develop more sustainable products that meet end-users' needs.
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Ali K, Kabir F, Meyer E. Editorial: Biorisk management, laboratory acquired infections and clinical containment. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1127856. [PMID: 36733903 PMCID: PMC9887301 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1127856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kashif Ali
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science and Technology, Karachi, Pakistan,*Correspondence: Kashif Ali ✉
| | - Furqan Kabir
- Infectious Diseases Research Laboratory (IDRL), Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, The Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan,Furqan Kabir ✉
| | - Esmeralda Meyer
- Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC), Research Compliance & Regulatory Affairs, Emory University, Atlanta, CO, United States
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Guan R, Pang H, Liang Y, Shao Z, Gao X, Xu D, Feng X. Discovering trends and hotspots of biosafety and biosecurity research via machine learning. Brief Bioinform 2022; 23:6590367. [PMID: 35596953 PMCID: PMC9487701 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbac194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has infected hundreds of millions of people and killed millions of them. As an RNA virus, COVID-19 is more susceptible to variation than other viruses. Many problems involved in this epidemic have made biosafety and biosecurity (hereafter collectively referred to as ‘biosafety’) a popular and timely topic globally. Biosafety research covers a broad and diverse range of topics, and it is important to quickly identify hotspots and trends in biosafety research through big data analysis. However, the data-driven literature on biosafety research discovery is quite scant. We developed a novel topic model based on latent Dirichlet allocation, affinity propagation clustering and the PageRank algorithm (LDAPR) to extract knowledge from biosafety research publications from 2011 to 2020. Then, we conducted hotspot and trend analysis with LDAPR and carried out further studies, including annual hot topic extraction, a 10-year keyword evolution trend analysis, topic map construction, hot region discovery and fine-grained correlation analysis of interdisciplinary research topic trends. These analyses revealed valuable information that can guide epidemic prevention work: (1) the research enthusiasm over a certain infectious disease not only is related to its epidemic characteristics but also is affected by the progress of research on other diseases, and (2) infectious diseases are not only strongly related to their corresponding microorganisms but also potentially related to other specific microorganisms. The detailed experimental results and our code are available at https://github.com/KEAML-JLU/Biosafety-analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renchu Guan
- Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering of the Ministry of Education, College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, Jilin, China.,Zhuhai Sub Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Zhuhai College of Science and Technology, Zhuhai, 519041, Guangdong, China
| | - Haoyu Pang
- Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering of the Ministry of Education, College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, Jilin, China
| | - Yanchun Liang
- Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering of the Ministry of Education, College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, Jilin, China.,Zhuhai Sub Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Zhuhai College of Science and Technology, Zhuhai, 519041, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhongjun Shao
- Department of Epidemiology, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xin Gao
- Computational Bioscience Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955, Saudi Arabia.,Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955, Saudi Arabia.,BioMap, Beijing, 100192, China
| | - Dong Xu
- Department of Electric Engineering and Computer Science, and Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, 65201, Missouri, USA
| | - Xiaoyue Feng
- Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering of the Ministry of Education, College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, Jilin, China
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Pillai SP, Qiu J, Morse SA. Editorial: Biosafety and Biosecurity Approaches to Counter SARS-CoV-2: From Detection to Best Practices and Risk Assessments. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:752909. [PMID: 34504836 PMCID: PMC8421517 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.752909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Segaran P Pillai
- Office of the Commissioner, United States Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Jianming Qiu
- Department of Microbiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
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Adebowale O, Oduguwa A, Dipeolu S, Agbaje M, Fasanmi O, Fasina FO. Assessment of the Biorisk Status of Veterinary Laboratories in Southwest Nigeria: Application of the Food and Agriculture Organization Laboratory Mapping Tool-Safety Module. Appl Biosaf 2020; 25:232-239. [PMID: 36032392 PMCID: PMC9134632 DOI: 10.1177/1535676020930130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Because of the nature of work conducted in veterinary laboratories and potential exposures to pathogenic microorganisms, good laboratory practices, risk assessments, biosafety, and biosecurity capacity is becoming vital. In this study, the Food and Agriculture Organization Laboratory Mapping Tool-Safety Module was applied to demonstrate its practical implementation in the assessment of biosafety and biosecurity statuses of veterinary laboratories in Nigeria. Methods The Laboratory Mapping Tool-Safety Module, a standardized questionnaire, systematically and semiquantitatively gathered data on 98 subcategories covering 4 areas of biosafety and biosecurity capabilities: administrative, operational, engineering, and personal protective equipment. Results Overall, the various areas and categories covered by the Laboratory Mapping Tool-Safety Module were weak across the board, with a mean performance of 19.5% (95% confidence interval, 14.0%-25.1%; range, 0.8%-29.6%). The weakest functionality was in emergency preparedness (0.8%; ie, emergency responses and exercises such as fire drills, spill cleanup, and biological spill kit availability). Also, many laboratories were deficient in metrology procedures, biosafety cabinets, chemical hazard containment, regular maintenance and external calibration procedures for laboratory equipment, and personnel health and safety. However, a few functionalities within individual laboratories scored above average (50%), for example, a university microbiology laboratory animal facility (100%). Interlaboratory comparison indicated that biosafety and biosecurity performance was similar across laboratories (P = .07) and did not vary by location (P = .37). Conclusions Significant biosafety and biosecurity improvements are needed to guarantee the health and safety of workers and the global community, efficient responses to infectious disease containment, and compliance with the Global Health Security Agenda.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwawemimo Adebowale
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Reproduction, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Adebankemo Oduguwa
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Reproduction, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Saheed Dipeolu
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Reproduction, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Michael Agbaje
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Olubumni Fasanmi
- Federal College of Animal Health and Production Technology, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Folorunso Oludayo Fasina
- Emergency Center for Transboundary Animal Diseases, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
- Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, University of Pretoria, South Africa
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Maehira Y, Spencer RC. Harmonization of Biosafety and Biosecurity Standards for High-Containment Facilities in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: An Approach From the Perspective of Occupational Safety and Health. Front Public Health 2019; 7:249. [PMID: 31572701 PMCID: PMC6751378 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2019.00249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Following the global-level Ebola virus disease (EVD) outbreak during 2014–2016, international collaboration with multiorganizational participation has rapidly increased. Given the greater priorities for research and development (R&D) outcomes despite the quantitative and qualitative lack of high-containment laboratory facilities in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where biological targets for investigation are located near their natural habitats, occupational readiness for health workers' safety has not been well-addressed, where limited global expert human resources are being deployed to high-containment laboratories including biosafety level 4 (BSL-4) facilities for case management and medical investigations. Pursuing scientific and managerial success to make laboratories efficient and productive, most laboratory safety policies have focused on the functionality of technical skills or performance, procedural methodologies, and supervision over the employees to collaborate in LMICs. The experts dispatched from advanced countries bring a long list of scientific tasks with high-tech devices, supplies, and training programs to introduce their collaboration with local partners in LMICs. However, the dispatched experts would subsequently realize their list becomes endless to establish their basic functions required in high-containment laboratories to ensure qualified scientific outcomes in LMICs. Under such circumstances where dual or multiple policies and standards accommodated pose dilemmas for operational procedures to ensure biosafety and biosecurity, all the frontline experts from both LMICs and advanced countries may be exposed to significant risks of life-threating infection of highly pathogenic agents like EVD, without any pragmatic measures or road maps to establish valued international collaboration, pursuing its sustainability. Given the fact mentioned above, we conducted a quick review of the key biosafety and biosecurity management documents, relevant policy analyses, and research to understand the current status and, if any, measures to dissolve critical dilemmas mentioned above. As a result, we found that occupational safety and health (OSH) aspects had not been sufficiently addressed, particularly in the context of international BSL-4 collaboration in LMICs. Moreover, consideration of OSH can be one of the key drivers to make such collaborative interventions more pragmatic, safer to reorient, harness disease-based vertical approaches, and harmonize policies of biosafety and biosecurity, particularly for collaborations organized in resource-limited settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Maehira
- Department of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Nagasaki University Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Robert C Spencer
- Index Microbiology Ltd., School of Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
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Yeh KB, Monagin C, Fletcher J. Promoting Scientific Transparency to Facilitate the Safe and Open International Exchange of Biological Materials and Electronic Data. Trop Med Infect Dis 2017; 2:E57. [PMID: 30270914 PMCID: PMC6082060 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed2040057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Scientific communication, collaboration and progress are enhanced through the exchange of data, materials and ideas. Recent advances in technology, commercial proprietary discovery and current local and global events (e.g., emerging human, animal and plant disease outbreaks) have increased the demand, and shortened optimal timelines for material and data exchange, both domestically and internationally. Specific circumstances in each case, such as the type of material being transferred (i.e., select agent, disease-causing agent and assessed biosafety risk level) and current events, dictate the level of agreements and requirements. Recent lessons learned from emerging disease issues and emergencies have demonstrated that human engagement and increased science diplomacy are needed to reinforce and sustain biosafety and biosecurity practices and processes, for better scientific transparency. A reasonable and accepted framework of guidance for open sharing of data and materials is needed that can be applied on multiple cooperative levels, including global and national. Although numerous agreement variations already exist for the exchange of materials and data, regulations to guide the development of both the language and implementation of such agreements are limited. Without such regulations, scientific exchange is often restricted, limiting opportunities for international capacity building, collaboration and cooperation. In this article, we present and discuss several international case histories that illustrate the complex nature of scientific exchange. Recommendations are made for a dual bottom-up and top-down approach that includes all stakeholders from beginning negotiation stages to emphasize trust and cooperation. The broader aim of this approach is to increase international scientific transparency and trust in a safe and open manner, supporting increased global one health security.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Corina Monagin
- One Health Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| | - Jacqueline Fletcher
- National Institute for Microbial Forensics & Food and Agricultural Biosecurity, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA.
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Abstract
A working group on gain-of-function research set up by the European Academies Science Advisory Council (EASAC) has emphasised the importance of ensuring that the necessary safeguards and policies are in place
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Fears
- European Academies Science Advisory Council, Halle, Germany
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