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Miyairi Y, Nakashima H, Ito S, Segi N, Ouchida J, Oishi R, Yamauchi I, Machino M, Seki T, Ishizuka S, Takegami Y, Hasegawa Y, Imagama S. Obesity Is Associated with Asymptomatic Vertebral Fractures: A Yakumo Study. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2063. [PMID: 38610830 PMCID: PMC11012555 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13072063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Patients with primary vertebral fracture (VF) are at high risk of re-fracture and mortality. However, approximately two-thirds of patients with VFs receive minimal clinical attention. (2) Methods: The current study aimed to investigate the factors associated with asymptomatic VFs in middle-aged and elderly individuals who underwent resident health examinations. (3) Results: The current study included 217 participants aged > 50 years. VFs were diagnosed based on lateral radiographic images using Genant's semiquantitative (SQ) method. The participants were divided into non-VF (N; SQ grade 0) and asymptomatic VF (F; SQ grades 1-3) groups. Data on body composition, blood tests, quality of life measures, and radiographic parameters were assessed. A total of 195 participants were included in the N group (mean age, 64.8 ± 7.8 years), and 22 were in the F group (mean age, 66.1 ± 7.9 years). The F group had a significantly higher body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage (BF%), and proportion of patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) than the N group. The F group had a significantly higher knee joint pain visual analog scale (VAS) score and painDETECT score than the N group. Logistic regression analysis showed that BF% was associated with asymptomatic VFs. (4) Conclusions: Middle-aged and elderly individuals with asymptomatic VF presented with high BMIs, BF%, and incidence of KOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Miyairi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan; (Y.M.); (S.I.); (N.S.); (J.O.); (R.O.); (I.Y.); (S.I.); (Y.T.); (S.I.)
| | - Hiroaki Nakashima
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan; (Y.M.); (S.I.); (N.S.); (J.O.); (R.O.); (I.Y.); (S.I.); (Y.T.); (S.I.)
| | - Sadayuki Ito
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan; (Y.M.); (S.I.); (N.S.); (J.O.); (R.O.); (I.Y.); (S.I.); (Y.T.); (S.I.)
| | - Naoki Segi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan; (Y.M.); (S.I.); (N.S.); (J.O.); (R.O.); (I.Y.); (S.I.); (Y.T.); (S.I.)
| | - Jun Ouchida
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan; (Y.M.); (S.I.); (N.S.); (J.O.); (R.O.); (I.Y.); (S.I.); (Y.T.); (S.I.)
| | - Ryotaro Oishi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan; (Y.M.); (S.I.); (N.S.); (J.O.); (R.O.); (I.Y.); (S.I.); (Y.T.); (S.I.)
| | - Ippei Yamauchi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan; (Y.M.); (S.I.); (N.S.); (J.O.); (R.O.); (I.Y.); (S.I.); (Y.T.); (S.I.)
| | - Masaaki Machino
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Meijo Hospital, Nagoya 460-0001, Japan;
| | - Taisuke Seki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Aichi Medical University Medical Center, Nagakute 444-2148, Japan;
| | - Shinya Ishizuka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan; (Y.M.); (S.I.); (N.S.); (J.O.); (R.O.); (I.Y.); (S.I.); (Y.T.); (S.I.)
| | - Yasuhiko Takegami
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan; (Y.M.); (S.I.); (N.S.); (J.O.); (R.O.); (I.Y.); (S.I.); (Y.T.); (S.I.)
| | - Yukiharu Hasegawa
- Department of Rehabilitation, Kansai University of Welfare Science, Kashiwara 582-0026, Japan;
| | - Shiro Imagama
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan; (Y.M.); (S.I.); (N.S.); (J.O.); (R.O.); (I.Y.); (S.I.); (Y.T.); (S.I.)
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Dicks ND, Shoemaker ME, DeShaw KJ, Carper MJ, Hackney KJ, Barry AM. Contributions from incumbent police officer's physical activity and body composition to occupational assessment performance. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1217187. [PMID: 37415704 PMCID: PMC10321756 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1217187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Police officers must perform various tasks in unpredictable work environments and potentially volatile situations. This study aimed to determine if cardiovascular fitness, body composition, and physical activity levels could predict performance in a Midwest Police Department's Physical Readiness Assessment (PRA). Methods Researchers collected data from thirty incumbent police officers (33.9 ± 8.3 years, female = 5). Anthropometric data included height, body mass, body fat percentage (BF%), fat-free mass (FFM), and maximal hand grip strength. The police officers also completed a physical activity rating (PA-R) scale to estimate maximal oxygen consumption (V ˙ O2max) and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Police officers then conducted their department's PRA. Stepwise linear regression analyses were used to determine the relationship between predictor variables and PRA performance. Pearson's product-moment correlations investigated relationships between anthropometric, physical fitness, and physical activity variables and PRA performance using SPSS (v.28). The significance level was set at p < 0.05. Results Descriptive data for the sample includes BF%: 27.85 ± 7.57%, FFM: 65.73 ± 10.72 kg, hand grip strength: 55.51 ± 11.07 kg, weekday sedentary time (WST): 328 ± 28.26 min, weekend day sedentary time (WDST): 310 ± 28.92 min, daily moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA): 29.02 ± 39.41 min, PRA: 273.6 ± 51.4 s and estimated V ˙ O2max: 43.26 ± 6.35 mL kg-1 min-1. The stepwise regression analyses indicated that BF% was predictive of PRA time (R2 = 0.32, p < 0.01); estimated V ˙ O2max predictive of PRA time (R2 = 0.45, p < 0.001). There were significant correlations between BF % and PRA time (r = 0.57, p < 0.001), PA-R and MVPA (r = 0.71, p < 0.001), %BF % and WDST (r = -0.606, p < 0.001), hand grip and FFM (r = 0.602, p < 0.001) and PA-R and PRA time (r = -0.36, p < 0.05). Discussion The results of this exploratory study highlight that higher estimated V ˙ O2max and lower BF% were the best predictors for faster PRA completion times, accounting for 45% and 32% of the variance, respectively. The findings of this study support the need for wellness and fitness initiatives in law enforcement agencies focused on increasing cardiovascular fitness and physical activity while decreasing BF% to ensure optimal performance in policing and overall health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan D. Dicks
- Department of Health, Nutrition, and Exercise Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, United States
| | - Marni E. Shoemaker
- School of Health and Consumer Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, United States
| | | | - Michael J. Carper
- Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, Pittsburg State University, Pittsburg, KS, United States
| | - Kyle J. Hackney
- Department of Health, Nutrition, and Exercise Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, United States
| | - Allison M. Barry
- School of Health and Consumer Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, United States
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Khwanchuea R, Punsawad C. Associations Between Body Composition, Leptin, and Vitamin D Varied by the Body Fat Percentage in Adolescents. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:876231. [PMID: 35721764 PMCID: PMC9203737 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.876231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serum leptin levels reflects one's degree of obesity and can affect vitamin D levels. The relationship between body fat, leptin, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) has not been extensively studied in adolescents. This study aimed to investigate the correlations between body composition and leptin and 25(OH)D levels in boys and girls. METHODS Participants aged 12-14 years (n = 205) were grouped according to sex. After body composition was recorded using bioelectrical impedance analysis, they were classified into three groups according to body fat percentage (%BF) (< 30, ≥ 30 and < 40, and ≥ 40). Serum leptin and 25(OH)D levels were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Correlations between all variables were analyzed according to sex and the percentage of BF groups. RESULTS Boys and girls with %BF ≥ 30 showed no difference in body mass index (BMI), %BF, and leptin and 25(OH)D, while other variables of body composition were more common in boys than in girls. The %BF, body fat mass (BFM), and 25(OH)D of both sexes with %BF ≥ 30, and leptin levels of boys with %BF ≥ 40 increased with an increase in %BF. A negative correlation between leptin and 25(OH)D levels was found in boys with %BF < 40 and girls with %BF < 30. In the %BF ≥ 30 and < 40 groups, there were negative correlations between leptin, BFM, free fat mass, and muscle mass (MM); between leptin, 25(OH)D, and height in boys; and between 25(OH)D, body weight, BMI, and MM in girls. CONCLUSION A negative correlation between leptin and 25(OH)D levels varied according to sex, while for body composition, it was evident at 30 and 40% BF.
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Sola-Rodríguez S, Vargas-Hitos JA, Gavilán-Carrera B, Rosales-Castillo A, Ríos-Fernández R, Sabio JM, Soriano-Maldonado A. Physical Fitness Attenuates the Impact of Higher Body Mass and Adiposity on Inflammation in Women With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Front Immunol 2021; 12:729672. [PMID: 34721392 PMCID: PMC8552526 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.729672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Higher body mass and adiposity represent independent contributors to the systemic low-grade inflammatory state often observed in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This study assessed the role of physical fitness in the association of body mass and adiposity with inflammation in women with SLE. Methods A total of 77 women with SLE were included in this cross-sectional study. We obtained body mass index, waist-to-height ratio, and body fat percentage as indicators of body mass and adiposity. Inflammation was assessed through Serum levels of C-reactive protein, interleukin 6, and leptin. Cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed with the 6-minute walk test, range of motion with the back-scratch test, and muscular strength with handgrip dynamometry. Results Cardiorespiratory fitness attenuated the association of both body mass index and body fat percentage with interleukin 6 (all, P<0.05). Range of motion attenuated the association of body mass index with interleukin 6 (P<0.05) and the association of body fat percentage with C-reactive protein (P<0.05). These interactions indicated that higher fitness was associated with a lower increase in inflammation per unit increase of body mass or adiposity. Muscular strength showed a non-significant trend to attenuate the association of body fat percentage with interleukin 6 (P=0.057) but potentiated the association of body fat percentage with leptin (P<0.05). Conclusion These findings suggest that higher levels of cardiorespiratory fitness and range of motion might attenuate the impact of higher body mass and adiposity on inflammation in women with SLE. The role of muscular strength requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Sola-Rodríguez
- Department of Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Almería, Almería, Spain.,SPORT Research Group (CTS-1024), CERNEP Research Center, University of Almería, Almería, Spain
| | - José Antonio Vargas-Hitos
- Systemic Autoimmune Diseases Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, "Virgen de las Nieves" University Hospital, Granada, Spain
| | - Blanca Gavilán-Carrera
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio Rosales-Castillo
- Systemic Autoimmune Diseases Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, "Virgen de las Nieves" University Hospital, Granada, Spain
| | - Raquel Ríos-Fernández
- Systemic Autoimmune Diseases Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, "San Cecilio" University Hospital, Granada, Spain
| | - José Mario Sabio
- Systemic Autoimmune Diseases Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, "Virgen de las Nieves" University Hospital, Granada, Spain
| | - Alberto Soriano-Maldonado
- Department of Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Almería, Almería, Spain.,SPORT Research Group (CTS-1024), CERNEP Research Center, University of Almería, Almería, Spain
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Habib SS, Alkahtani S, Alhussain M, Aljuhani O. Sarcopenia Coexisting with High Adiposity Exacerbates Insulin Resistance and Dyslipidemia in Saudi Adult Men. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:3089-3097. [PMID: 32922058 PMCID: PMC7457864 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s260382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The associations between sarcopenia, adiposity indices and metabolic dysregulation still remain controversial. We aimed to assess and compare insulin resistance and metabolic profile in sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic obese Saudi adult men. METHODS This cross sectional study was conducted at the College of Sports Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh. We recruited 312 Saudi adult male individuals and 288 were finally selected for the study. Body composition analysis and hand grip strength (HGS) were estimated by bioimpedance analysis (BIA) and dynamometer in all subjects, respectively. Fasting blood samples were collected for glucose (FBG), basal insulin (BI) and lipid profile. The subjects were divided into three groups based on the body composition parameters, appendicular lean mass (ALM) and body fat percentage (BF%), into non-obese (NonOb) [Normal ALM+<25 BF%], obese without sarcopenia (ObNonS) [Normal ALM+>25 BF%] and obese with sarcopenia (ObS) [Low ALM+>25 BF%]. RESULTS Obese subjects had significantly higher BI, HOMA-IR and HOMA-β compared to non-obese. Moreover, comparison between two obese groups revealed that both BI and HOMA-IR levels were higher in ObS subjects compared to ObNonS individuals revealing that sarcopenia exacerbates the insulin resistance profile. There was a significant trend of higher resistance and lower sensitivity from non-obese to obesity with sarcopenia. Total cholesterol (TC) and triglycerides (TG) were significantly higher and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was significantly lower in sarcopenic obese subjects compared to non-sarcopenic obese individuals. The worsening effects were more significant at cutoff point of 7.46 on insulin indices and lipid profile showing that sarcopenia associated with obesity exacerbates the dyslipidemia. CONCLUSION Our study shows that obesity associated with sarcopenia exhibits significantly greater insulin resistance and dyslipidemia than sarcopenia or obesity per se. Therefore, sarcopenic obesity might be an independent risk factor for metabolic disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Shahid Habib
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: Syed Shahid Habib Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, PO Box 2925, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh11461, Kingdom of Saudi ArabiaTel +966 1-4671616Fax +966 1-4672567 Email
| | - Shaea Alkahtani
- Department of Exercise Physiology, College of Sport Sciences and Physical Activity, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha Alhussain
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, College of Agricultural and Food Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama Aljuhani
- Department of Physical Education, College of Sport Sciences and Physical Activity, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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