1
|
Dumitru ML. Brain asymmetry is globally different in males and females: exploring cortical volume, area, thickness, and mean curvature. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:11623-11633. [PMID: 37851852 PMCID: PMC10724869 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain asymmetry is a cornerstone in the development of higher-level cognition, but it is unclear whether and how it differs in males and females. Asymmetry has been investigated using the laterality index, which compares homologous regions as pairwise weighted differences between the left and the right hemisphere. However, if asymmetry differences between males and females are global instead of pairwise, involving proportions between multiple brain areas, novel methodological tools are needed to evaluate them. Here, we used the Amsterdam Open MRI collection to investigate sexual dimorphism in brain asymmetry by comparing laterality index with the distance index, which is a global measure of differences within and across hemispheres, and with the subtraction index, which compares pairwise raw values in the left and right hemisphere. Machine learning models, robustness tests, and group analyses of cortical volume, area, thickness, and mean curvature revealed that, of the three indices, distance index was the most successful biomarker of sexual dimorphism. These findings suggest that left-right asymmetry in males and females involves global coherence rather than pairwise contrasts. Further studies are needed to investigate the biological basis of local and global asymmetry based on growth patterns under genetic, hormonal, and environmental factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magda L Dumitru
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Postboks 7803, 5020 Bergen, Norway
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Postboks 7807, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Steger C, Moatti C, Payette K, De Silvestro A, Nguyen TD, Coraj S, Yakoub N, Natalucci G, Kottke R, Tuura R, Knirsch W, Jakab A. Characterization of dynamic patterns of human fetal to neonatal brain asymmetry with deformation-based morphometry. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1252850. [PMID: 38130698 PMCID: PMC10734644 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1252850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Despite established knowledge on the morphological and functional asymmetries in the human brain, the understanding of how brain asymmetry patterns change during late fetal to neonatal life remains incomplete. The goal of this study was to characterize the dynamic patterns of inter-hemispheric brain asymmetry over this critically important developmental stage using longitudinally acquired MRI scans. Methods Super-resolution reconstructed T2-weighted MRI of 20 neurotypically developing participants were used, and for each participant fetal and neonatal MRI was acquired. To quantify brain morphological changes, deformation-based morphometry (DBM) on the longitudinal MRI scans was utilized. Two registration frameworks were evaluated and used in our study: (A) fetal to neonatal image registration and (B) registration through a mid-time template. Developmental changes of cerebral asymmetry were characterized as (A) the inter-hemispheric differences of the Jacobian determinant (JD) of fetal to neonatal morphometry change and the (B) time-dependent change of the JD capturing left-right differences at fetal or neonatal time points. Left-right and fetal-neonatal differences were statistically tested using multivariate linear models, corrected for participants' age and sex and using threshold-free cluster enhancement. Results Fetal to neonatal morphometry changes demonstrated asymmetry in the temporal pole, and left-right asymmetry differences between fetal and neonatal timepoints revealed temporal changes in the temporal pole, likely to go from right dominant in fetal to a bilateral morphology in neonatal timepoint. Furthermore, the analysis revealed right-dominant subcortical gray matter in neonates and three clusters of increased JD values in the left hemisphere from fetal to neonatal timepoints. Discussion While these findings provide evidence that morphological asymmetry gradually emerges during development, discrepancies between registration frameworks require careful considerations when using DBM for longitudinal data of early brain development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Céline Steger
- Center for MR Research, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Children’s Research Center, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Pediatric Heart Center, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Charles Moatti
- Center for MR Research, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kelly Payette
- Center for MR Research, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Children’s Research Center, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alexandra De Silvestro
- Center for MR Research, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Children’s Research Center, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Pediatric Heart Center, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thi Dao Nguyen
- Newborn Research, Department of Neonatology, University of Zurich and University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Seline Coraj
- Larsson-Rosenquist Foundation Center for Neurodevelopment, Growth and Nutrition of the Newborn, Department of Neonatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ninib Yakoub
- Larsson-Rosenquist Foundation Center for Neurodevelopment, Growth and Nutrition of the Newborn, Department of Neonatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Giancarlo Natalucci
- Newborn Research, Department of Neonatology, University of Zurich and University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Larsson-Rosenquist Foundation Center for Neurodevelopment, Growth and Nutrition of the Newborn, Department of Neonatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Raimund Kottke
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ruth Tuura
- Center for MR Research, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Children’s Research Center, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Walter Knirsch
- Children’s Research Center, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Pediatric Heart Center, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andras Jakab
- Center for MR Research, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Children’s Research Center, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Prieto I, Segarra AB, Banegas I, Martínez-Cañamero M, Durán R, Vives F, Domínguez-Vías G, Ramírez-Sánchez M. Correlational Study of Aminopeptidase Activities between Left or Right Frontal Cortex versus the Hypothalamus, Pituitary, Adrenal Axis of Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats Treated with Hypotensive or Hypertensive Agents. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16007. [PMID: 37958990 PMCID: PMC10647763 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242116007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been suggested that the neuro-visceral integration works asymmetrically and that this asymmetry is dynamic and modifiable by physio-pathological influences. Aminopeptidases of the renin-angiotensin system (angiotensinases) have been shown to be modifiable under such conditions. This article analyzes the interactions of these angiotensinases between the left or right frontal cortex (FC) and the same enzymes in the hypothalamus (HT), pituitary (PT), adrenal (AD) axis (HPA) in control spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), in SHR treated with a hypotensive agent in the form of captopril (an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor), and in SHR treated with a hypertensive agent in the form of the L-Arginine hypertensive analogue L-NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester (L-NAME). In the control SHR, there were significant negative correlations between the right FC with HPA and positive correlations between the left FC and HPA. In the captopril group, the predominance of negative correlations between the right FC and HPA and positive correlations between the HPA and left FC was maintained. In the L-NAME group, a radical change in all types of interactions was observed; particularly, there was an inversion in the predominance of negative correlations between the HPA and left FC. These results indicated a better balance of neuro-visceral interactions after captopril treatment and an increase in these interactions in the hypertensive animals, especially in those treated with L-NAME.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Prieto
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain; (I.P.); (A.B.S.); (I.B.); (M.M.-C.)
| | - Ana Belén Segarra
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain; (I.P.); (A.B.S.); (I.B.); (M.M.-C.)
| | - Inmaculada Banegas
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain; (I.P.); (A.B.S.); (I.B.); (M.M.-C.)
| | | | - Raquel Durán
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (R.D.); (F.V.)
| | - Francisco Vives
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (R.D.); (F.V.)
| | - Germán Domínguez-Vías
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ceuta Campus, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain;
| | - Manuel Ramírez-Sánchez
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain; (I.P.); (A.B.S.); (I.B.); (M.M.-C.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tang LTH, Lee GA, Cook SJ, Ho J, Potter CC, Bülow HE. Anatomical restructuring of a lateralized neural circuit during associative learning by asymmetric insulin signaling. Curr Biol 2023; 33:3835-3850.e6. [PMID: 37591249 PMCID: PMC10639090 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.07.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Studies of neuronal connectivity in model organisms, i.e., of their connectomes, have been instrumental in dissecting the structure-function relationship of nervous systems. However, the limited sample size of these studies has impeded analyses into how variation of connectivity across populations may influence circuit architecture and behavior. Moreover, little is known about how experiences induce changes in circuit architecture. Here, we show that an asymmetric salt-sensing circuit in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans exhibits variation that predicts the animals' salt preferences and undergoes restructuring during salt associative learning. Naive worms memorize and prefer the salt concentration they experience in the presence of food through a left-biased neural network architecture. However, animals conditioned at elevated salt concentrations change this left-biased network to a right-biased network. This change in circuit architecture occurs through the addition of new synapses in response to asymmetric, paracrine insulin signaling. Therefore, experience-dependent changes in an animal's neural connectome are induced by insulin signaling and are fundamental to learning and behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leo T H Tang
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
| | - Garrett A Lee
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Steven J Cook
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Jacquelin Ho
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Cassandra C Potter
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Hannes E Bülow
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Morita K, Guo Y, Toi T. Age-related asymmetry in left-right ears of sound lateralization with respect to four different rise times. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1249119. [PMID: 37732306 PMCID: PMC10508348 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1249119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
An experimental investigation was conducted to elucidate the auditory characteristics of the older adult population. The study involved 24 older adult and 24 young participants, with the aim of exploring their horizontal lateralization ability. This was achieved by presenting 1-kHz pure tones to the participants' right and left ears while introducing interaural time differences (ITDs). We examined the impact of four rise times (2, 5, 20, and 50 ms) on the onset of the test sound. The findings revealed that older adult participants exhibited lower levels of lateralization than young participants. Moreover, both older adult and young participants demonstrated diminished recognition of the onset portion as the rise time increased. Of particular significance was the conspicuous presence of a right ear advantage (REA) among young participants as the rise time was extended (statistically significant between the left and right ears at the 1% level, considering an ITD of 0.8 ms and a rise time of 50 ms). In contrast, older adult participants did not exhibit REA, even with a prolonged rise time (not significant at the 5% level at the same condition). These results indicate that the REA is not only present in language, as previously observed, but also extends to a pure tone in young participants. The older adult participants exhibited reduced performance in both left-and right-ear sound recognition. The influence of hearing threshold and preferred ear on sound lateralization performance was minimal. Therefore, it can be inferred that factors other than hearing threshold or preferred ear contribute to the presence of REA in young participants or its decline with age. The central and/or corpus callosum functions may also contribute to this phenomenon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazumoto Morita
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang J, Ma S, Yu P, He X. Evolution of Human Brain Left-Right Asymmetry: Old Genes with New Functions. Mol Biol Evol 2023; 40:msad181. [PMID: 37561991 PMCID: PMC10473864 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msad181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The human brain is generally anatomically symmetrical, boasting mirror-like brain regions in the left and right hemispheres. Despite this symmetry, fine-scale structural asymmetries are prevalent and are believed to be responsible for distinct functional divisions within the brain. Prior studies propose that these asymmetric structures are predominantly primate specific or even unique to humans, suggesting that the genes contributing to the structural asymmetry of the human brain might have evolved recently. In our study, we identified approximately 1,500 traits associated with human brain asymmetry by collecting paired brain magnetic resonance imaging features from the UK Biobank. Each trait is measured in a specific region of one hemisphere and mirrored in the corresponding region of the other hemisphere. Conducting genome-wide association studies on these traits, we identified over 1,000 quantitative trait loci. Around these index single nucleotide polymorphisms, we found approximately 200 genes that are enriched in brain-related Gene Ontology terms and are predominantly upregulated in brain tissues. Interestingly, most of these genes are evolutionarily old, originating just prior to the emergence of Bilateria (bilaterally symmetrical animals) and Euteleostomi (bony vertebrates with a brain), at a significantly higher ratio than expected. Further analyses of these genes reveal a brain-specific upregulation in humans relative to other mammalian species. This suggests that the structural asymmetry of the human brain has been shaped by evolutionarily ancient genes that have assumed new functions over time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Sidi Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Peijie Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Schetter M, Romascano D, Gaujard M, Rummel C, Denervaud S. Learning by Heart or with Heart: Brain Asymmetry Reflects Pedagogical Practices. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1270. [PMID: 37759871 PMCID: PMC10526483 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13091270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain hemispheres develop rather symmetrically, except in the case of pathology or intense training. As school experience is a form of training, the current study tested the influence of pedagogy on morphological development through the cortical thickness (CTh) asymmetry index (AI). First, we compared the CTh AI of 111 students aged 4 to 18 with 77 adults aged > 20. Second, we investigated the CTh AI of the students as a function of schooling background (Montessori or traditional). At the whole-brain level, CTh AI was not different between the adult and student groups, even when controlling for age. However, pedagogical experience was found to impact CTh AI in the temporal lobe, within the parahippocampal (PHC) region. The PHC region has a functional lateralization, with the right PHC region having a stronger involvement in spatiotemporal context encoding, while the left PHC region is involved in semantic encoding. We observed CTh asymmetry toward the left PHC region for participants enrolled in Montessori schools and toward the right for participants enrolled in traditional schools. As these participants were matched on age, intelligence, home-life and socioeconomic conditions, we interpret this effect found in memory-related brain regions to reflect differences in learning strategies. Pedagogy modulates how new concepts are encoded, with possible long-term effects on knowledge transfer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Schetter
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - David Romascano
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Support Center for Advanced Neuroimaging (SCAN), University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Inselspital—Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Mathilde Gaujard
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Christian Rummel
- Support Center for Advanced Neuroimaging (SCAN), University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Inselspital—Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Solange Denervaud
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Abuduaini Y, Pu Y, Thompson PM, Kong XZ. Significant heterogeneity in structural asymmetry of the habenula in the human brain: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Hum Brain Mapp 2023. [PMID: 37195040 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the evolutionarily conserved feature of functional laterality in the habenula has been attracting attention due to its potential role in human cognition and neuropsychiatric disorders. Deciphering the structure of the human habenula remains to be challenging, which resulted in inconsistent findings for brain disorders. Here, we present a large-scale meta-analysis of the left-right differences in the habenular volume in the human brain to provide a clearer picture of the habenular asymmetry. We searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for articles that reported volume data of the bilateral habenula in the human brain, and assessed the left-right differences. We also assessed the potential effects of several moderating variables including the mean age of the participants, magnetic field strengths of the scanners and different disorders by using meta-regression and subgroup analysis. In total 52 datasets (N = 1427) were identified and showed significant heterogeneity in the left-right differences and the unilateral volume per se. Moderator analyses suggested that such heterogeneity was mainly due to different MRI scanners and segmentation approaches used. While inversed asymmetry patterns were suggested in patients with depression (leftward) and schizophrenia (rightward), no significant disorder-related differences relative to healthy controls were found in either the left-right asymmetry or the unilateral volume. This study provides useful data for future studies of brain imaging and methodological developments related to precision habenula measurements, and also helps to further understand potential roles of the habenula in various disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yilamujiang Abuduaini
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Pu
- Department of Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute for Empirical Aesthetics, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Paul M Thompson
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark & Mary Stevens Institute for Neuroimaging & Informatics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Xiang-Zhen Kong
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Psychiatry of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kwon KJ, Byun JY. Asymmetry of Gray- and White-Matter Volume and Metabolites in the Central-Vestibular System in Healthy Individuals. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12041272. [PMID: 36835808 PMCID: PMC9967821 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12041272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to determine whether there was an asymmetry of structure and neurochemical activity of the interhemispheric vestibular-cortical system between healthy individuals and patients with vestibular failure. Previous studies have identified differences in gray-matter-volume (GMV) and white-matter-volume (WMV) asymmetry in the central-vestibular system and in concentrations of brain metabolites in the parietal lobe 2 (PO2) between patients with vestibulopathy and healthy controls. However, a comparison of the left and right sides in the healthy controls has not been made conclusively. This study included 23 healthy right-handed volunteers, and was carried out between March 2016 and March 2020. A three-dimensional T1-weighted image was used to calculate the GMV and WMV of the central-vestibular network on both sides, and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (H1MRS) was employed to analyze the brain metabolites in the PO2 area. The relative ratios of N-acetylaspartate (NAA)/tCr, tNAA/tCr, glycerophosphocholine (GPC)/tCr, Glx/tCr, and myo-inositol/tCr were quantified from the proton-MRS data. GMV and WMV differed significantly between the right and left vestibular-cortical regions. The GMVs of the right PO2, caudate, insula, and precuneus were significantly higher than those of the same locations on the left side; however, in the Rolandic operculum, the GMV on the left was significantly higher than on the right. In the PO2, Rolandic operculum, thalamus, and insula, the WMV on the left side was higher than on the right side of the corresponding location. However, the right caudate and precuneus WMV were higher than the left at the same location. In the H1MRS study, the Glx/tCr and GPC/tCr ratios on the left side were significantly higher than on the right. In comparison, the NAA/tCr and tNAA/tCr ratios showed contrasting results. The NAA/tCr ratio (r = -0.478, p = 0.021), tNAA/tCr ratio (r = -0.537, p = 0.008), and Glx/tCr ratio (r = -0.514, p = 0.012) on the right side showed a significant negative correlation with the participants' age. There was no relationship between GMV and metabolites on either side. Brain structure and concentrations of brain metabolites related to the vestibular system may differ between the two hemispheres in healthy individuals. Therefore, the asymmetry of the central-vestibular system should be considered when performing imaging.
Collapse
|
10
|
Tonello L, Vallortigara G. Evolutionary models of lateralization: Steps toward stigmergy? Front Behav Neurosci 2023; 17:1121335. [PMID: 36818605 PMCID: PMC9931731 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2023.1121335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lucio Tonello
- Center for Nonlinear Science, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, United States,GIOYA HEI, E305, The Hub Workspace, San Gwann, Malta,*Correspondence: Lucio Tonello ✉
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Banegas I, Prieto I, Segarra AB, Vives F, Martínez-Cañamero M, Durán R, Luna JD, Domínguez-Vías G, Ramírez-Sánchez M. Aminopeptidase Activities Interact Asymmetrically between Brain, Plasma and Systolic Blood Pressure in Hypertensive Rats Unilaterally Depleted of Dopamine. Biomedicines 2022; 10:2457. [PMID: 36289718 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10102457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain dopamine, in relation to the limbic system, is involved in cognition and emotion. These functions are asymmetrically processed. Hypertension not only alters such functions but also their asymmetric brain pattern as well as their bilateral pattern of neurovisceral integration. The central and peripheral renin-angiotensin systems, particularly the aminopeptidases involved in its enzymatic cascade, play an important role in blood pressure control. In the present study, we report how these aminopeptidases from left and right cortico-limbic locations, plasma and systolic blood pressure interact among them in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) unilaterally depleted of dopamine. The study comprises left and right sham and left and right lesioned (dopamine-depleted) rats as research groups. Results revealed important differences in the bilateral behavior comparing sham left versus sham right, lesioned left versus lesioned right, and sham versus lesioned animals. Results also suggest an important role for the asymmetrical functioning of the amygdala in cardiovascular control and an asymmetrical behavior in the interaction between the medial prefrontal cortex, hippocampus and amygdala with plasma, depending on the left or right depletion of dopamine. Compared with previous results of a similar study in Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) normotensive rats, the asymmetrical behaviors differ significantly between both WKY and SHR strains.
Collapse
|
12
|
Hopkins WD. Neuroanatomical asymmetries in nonhuman primates in the homologs to Broca's and Wernicke's areas: a mini-review. Emerg Top Life Sci 2022; 6:ETLS20210279. [PMID: 36073786 PMCID: PMC9472819 DOI: 10.1042/etls20210279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Population-level lateralization in structure and function is a fundamental measure of the human nervous system. To what extent nonhuman primates exhibit similar patterns of asymmetry remains a topic of considerable scientific interest. In this mini-review, a brief summary of findings on brain asymmetries in nonhuman primates in brain regions considered to the homolog's to Broca's and Wernicke's area are presented. Limitations of existing and directions for future studies are discussed in the context of facilitating comparative investigations in primates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William D. Hopkins
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Michale E Keeling Center for Comparative Medicine and Research, M D Anderson Cancer Center, Bastrop, TX 78602, U.S.A
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Cheng L, Chiu Y, Lin Y, Li W, Hong T, Yang C, Shih C, Yeh T, Tseng WI, Yu H, Hsieh J, Chen L. Long-term musical training induces white matter plasticity in emotion and language networks. Hum Brain Mapp 2022; 44:5-17. [PMID: 36005832 PMCID: PMC9783470 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have reported that long-term musical training can affect brain functionality and induce structural alterations in the brain. Singing is a form of vocal musical expression with an unparalleled capacity for communicating emotion; however, there has been relatively little research on neuroplasticity at the network level in vocalists (i.e., noninstrumental musicians). Our objective in this study was to elucidate changes in the neural network architecture following long-term training in the musical arts. We employed a framework based on graph theory to depict the connectivity and efficiency of structural networks in the brain, based on diffusion-weighted images obtained from 35 vocalists, 27 pianists, and 33 nonmusicians. Our results revealed that musical training (both voice and piano) could enhance connectivity among emotion-related regions of the brain, such as the amygdala. We also discovered that voice training reshaped the architecture of experience-dependent networks, such as those involved in vocal motor control, sensory feedback, and language processing. It appears that vocal-related changes in areas such as the insula, paracentral lobule, supramarginal gyrus, and putamen are associated with functional segregation, multisensory integration, and enhanced network interconnectivity. These results suggest that long-term musical training can strengthen or prune white matter connectivity networks in an experience-dependent manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li‐Kai Cheng
- Institute of Brain ScienceNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan,Integrated Brain Research Unit, Department of Medical ResearchTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Yu‐Hsien Chiu
- Institute of Brain ScienceNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan,Integrated Brain Research Unit, Department of Medical ResearchTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Ying‐Chia Lin
- Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAIR)NYU Grossman School of MedicineNew YorkNew YorkUSA,Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of RadiologyNYU Grossman School of MedicineNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Wei‐Chi Li
- Institute of Brain ScienceNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan,Integrated Brain Research Unit, Department of Medical ResearchTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Tzu‐Yi Hong
- Institute of Brain ScienceNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan,Integrated Brain Research Unit, Department of Medical ResearchTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Ching‐Ju Yang
- Institute of Brain ScienceNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan,Integrated Brain Research Unit, Department of Medical ResearchTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Chung‐Heng Shih
- Institute of Brain ScienceNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan,Integrated Brain Research Unit, Department of Medical ResearchTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Tzu‐Chen Yeh
- Institute of Brain ScienceNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan,Department of RadiologyTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Wen‐Yih Isaac Tseng
- Institute of Medical Device and ImagingNational Taiwan University College of MedicineTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Hsin‐Yen Yu
- Graduate Institute of Arts and Humanities EducationTaipei National University of the ArtsTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Jen‐Chuen Hsieh
- Institute of Brain ScienceNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan,Integrated Brain Research Unit, Department of Medical ResearchTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaipeiTaiwan,Brain Research CenterNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan,Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Biological Science and TechnologyNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityHsinchuTaiwan
| | - Li‐Fen Chen
- Institute of Brain ScienceNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan,Integrated Brain Research Unit, Department of Medical ResearchTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaipeiTaiwan,Brain Research CenterNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Vismara L, Cimolin V, Buffone F, Bigoni M, Clerici D, Cerfoglio S, Galli M, Mauro A. Brain Asymmetry and Its Effects on Gait Strategies in Hemiplegic Patients: New Rehabilitative Conceptions. Brain Sci 2022; 12. [PMID: 35741683 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12060798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain asymmetry is connected with motor performance, suggesting that hemiparetic patients have different gait patterns depending on the side of the lesion. This retrospective cohort study aims to further investigate the difference between right and left hemiplegia in order to assess whether the injured side can influence the patient’s clinical characteristics concerning gait, thus providing insights for new personalized rehabilitation strategies. The data from 33 stroke patients (17 with left and 16 with right hemiplegia) were retrospectively compared with each other and with a control group composed of 20 unaffected age-matched individuals. The 3D gait analysis was used to assess kinematic data and spatio-temporal parameters. Compared to left hemiplegic patients, right hemiplegic patients showed worse spatio-temporal parameters (p < 0.05) and better kinematic parameters (p < 0.05). Both pathological groups were characterized by abnormal gait parameters in comparison with the control group (p < 0.05). These findings show an association between the side of the lesion—right or left—and the different stroke patients’ gait patterns: left hemiplegic patients show better spatio-temporal parameters, whereas right hemiplegic patients show better segmentary motor performances. Therefore, further studies may develop and assess new personalized rehabilitation strategies considering the injured hemisphere and brain asymmetry.
Collapse
|
15
|
Kong X, Postema MC, Guadalupe T, de Kovel C, Boedhoe PSW, Hoogman M, Mathias SR, van Rooij D, Schijven D, Glahn DC, Medland SE, Jahanshad N, Thomopoulos SI, Turner JA, Buitelaar J, van Erp TGM, Franke B, Fisher SE, van den Heuvel OA, Schmaal L, Thompson PM, Francks C. Mapping brain asymmetry in health and disease through the ENIGMA consortium. Hum Brain Mapp 2022; 43:167-181. [PMID: 32420672 PMCID: PMC8675409 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Left-right asymmetry of the human brain is one of its cardinal features, and also a complex, multivariate trait. Decades of research have suggested that brain asymmetry may be altered in psychiatric disorders. However, findings have been inconsistent and often based on small sample sizes. There are also open questions surrounding which structures are asymmetrical on average in the healthy population, and how variability in brain asymmetry relates to basic biological variables such as age and sex. Over the last 4 years, the ENIGMA-Laterality Working Group has published six studies of gray matter morphological asymmetry based on total sample sizes from roughly 3,500 to 17,000 individuals, which were between one and two orders of magnitude larger than those published in previous decades. A population-level mapping of average asymmetry was achieved, including an intriguing fronto-occipital gradient of cortical thickness asymmetry in healthy brains. ENIGMA's multi-dataset approach also supported an empirical illustration of reproducibility of hemispheric differences across datasets. Effect sizes were estimated for gray matter asymmetry based on large, international, samples in relation to age, sex, handedness, and brain volume, as well as for three psychiatric disorders: autism spectrum disorder was associated with subtly reduced asymmetry of cortical thickness at regions spread widely over the cortex; pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder was associated with altered subcortical asymmetry; major depressive disorder was not significantly associated with changes of asymmetry. Ongoing studies are examining brain asymmetry in other disorders. Moreover, a groundwork has been laid for possibly identifying shared genetic contributions to brain asymmetry and disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang‐Zhen Kong
- Language and Genetics DepartmentMax Planck Institute for PsycholinguisticsNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Merel C. Postema
- Language and Genetics DepartmentMax Planck Institute for PsycholinguisticsNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Tulio Guadalupe
- Language and Genetics DepartmentMax Planck Institute for PsycholinguisticsNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Carolien de Kovel
- Language and Genetics DepartmentMax Planck Institute for PsycholinguisticsNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Premika S. W. Boedhoe
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam NeuroscienceAmsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical CenterVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Martine Hoogman
- Department of Human GeneticsRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and BehaviourRadboud University Medical CentreNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Samuel R. Mathias
- Department of PsychiatryBoston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Daan van Rooij
- Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and BehaviourRadboud University Medical CentreNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Dick Schijven
- Language and Genetics DepartmentMax Planck Institute for PsycholinguisticsNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - David C. Glahn
- Department of PsychiatryBoston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Olin Neuropsychiatry Research CenterInstitute of Living, Hartford HospitalHartfordConnecticutUSA
| | - Sarah E. Medland
- Psychiatric GeneticsQIMR Berghofer Medical Research InstituteBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Neda Jahanshad
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics InstituteKeck School of Medicine of the University of Southern CaliforniaMarina del ReyCaliforniaUSA
| | - Sophia I. Thomopoulos
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics InstituteKeck School of Medicine of the University of Southern CaliforniaMarina del ReyCaliforniaUSA
| | - Jessica A. Turner
- Tri‐institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS)Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
- Department of Psychology and NeuroscienceGeorgia State UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Jan Buitelaar
- Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and BehaviourRadboud University Medical CentreNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and BehaviourRadboud University Medical CentreNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Karakter Child and Adolescent PsychiatryNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Theo G. M. van Erp
- Clinical Translational Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Human BehaviorUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
- Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and MemoryUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | - Barbara Franke
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and BehaviourRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and BehaviourRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Simon E. Fisher
- Language and Genetics DepartmentMax Planck Institute for PsycholinguisticsNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and BehaviorRadboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Odile A. van den Heuvel
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam NeuroscienceAmsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical CenterVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Lianne Schmaal
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental HealthParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
- Centre for Youth Mental HealthThe University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Paul M. Thompson
- Tri‐institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS)Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Clyde Francks
- Language and Genetics DepartmentMax Planck Institute for PsycholinguisticsNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and BehaviorRadboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Sha Z, Pepe A, Schijven D, Carrión-Castillo A, Roe JM, Westerhausen R, Joliot M, Fisher SE, Crivello F, Francks C. Handedness and its genetic influences are associated with structural asymmetries of the cerebral cortex in 31,864 individuals. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2113095118. [PMID: 34785596 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2113095118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Left-handedness occurs in roughly 10% of people, but whether it involves altered brain anatomy has remained unclear. We measured left to right asymmetry of the cerebral cortex in 28,802 right-handers and 3,062 left-handers. There were small average differences between the two handedness groups in brain regions important for hand control, language, vision, and working memory. Genetic influences on handedness were associated with some of these brain asymmetries, especially of language-related regions. This suggests links between handedness and language during human development and evolution. One implicated gene is NME7, which also affects placement of the visceral organs (heart, liver, etc.) on the left to right body axis—a possible connection between brain and body asymmetries in embryonic development. Roughly 10% of the human population is left-handed, and this rate is increased in some brain-related disorders. The neuroanatomical correlates of hand preference have remained equivocal. We resampled structural brain image data from 28,802 right-handers and 3,062 left-handers (UK Biobank population dataset) to a symmetrical surface template, and mapped asymmetries for each of 8,681 vertices across the cerebral cortex in each individual. Left-handers compared to right-handers showed average differences of surface area asymmetry within the fusiform cortex, the anterior insula, the anterior middle cingulate cortex, and the precentral cortex. Meta-analyzed functional imaging data implicated these regions in executive functions and language. Polygenic disposition to left-handedness was associated with two of these regional asymmetries, and 18 loci previously linked with left-handedness by genome-wide screening showed associations with one or more of these asymmetries. Implicated genes included six encoding microtubule-related proteins: TUBB, TUBA1B, TUBB3, TUBB4A, MAP2, and NME7—mutations in the latter can cause left to right reversal of the visceral organs. There were also two cortical regions where average thickness asymmetry was altered in left-handedness: on the postcentral gyrus and the inferior occipital cortex, functionally annotated with hand sensorimotor and visual roles. These cortical thickness asymmetries were not heritable. Heritable surface area asymmetries of language-related regions may link the etiologies of hand preference and language, whereas nonheritable asymmetries of sensorimotor cortex may manifest as consequences of hand preference.
Collapse
|
17
|
Postema MC, Hoogman M, Ambrosino S, Asherson P, Banaschewski T, Bandeira CE, Baranov A, Bau CH, Baumeister S, Baur-Streubel R, Bellgrove MA, Biederman J, Bralten J, Brandeis D, Brem S, Buitelaar JK, Busatto GF, Castellanos FX, Cercignani M, Chaim-Avancini TM, Chantiluke KC, Christakou A, Coghill D, Conzelmann A, Cubillo AI, Cupertino RB, de Zeeuw P, Doyle AE, Durston S, Earl EA, Epstein JN, Ethofer T, Fair DA, Fallgatter AJ, Faraone SV, Frodl T, Gabel MC, Gogberashvili T, Grevet EH, Haavik J, Harrison NA, Hartman CA, Heslenfeld DJ, Hoekstra PJ, Hohmann S, Høvik MF, Jernigan TL, Kardatzki B, Karkashadze G, Kelly C, Kohls G, Konrad K, Kuntsi J, Lazaro L, Lera-Miguel S, Lesch KP, Louza MR, Lundervold AJ, Malpas CB, Mattos P, McCarthy H, Namazova-Baranova L, Rosa N, Nigg JT, Novotny SE, Weiss EO, Tuura RLO, Oosterlaan J, Oranje B, Paloyelis Y, Pauli P, Picon FA, Plessen KJ, Ramos-Quiroga JA, Reif A, Reneman L, Rosa PG, Rubia K, Schrantee A, Schweren LJ, Seitz J, Shaw P, Silk TJ, Skokauskas N, Vila JCS, Stevens MC, Sudre G, Tamm L, Tovar-Moll F, van Erp TG, Vance A, Vilarroya O, Vives-Gilabert Y, von Polier GG, Walitza S, Yoncheva YN, Zanetti MV, Ziegler GC, Glahn DC, Jahanshad N, Medland SE, Thompson PM, Fisher SE, Franke B, Francks C. Analysis of structural brain asymmetries in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in 39 datasets. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2021; 62:1202-1219. [PMID: 33748971 PMCID: PMC8455726 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Some studies have suggested alterations of structural brain asymmetry in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but findings have been contradictory and based on small samples. Here, we performed the largest ever analysis of brain left-right asymmetry in ADHD, using 39 datasets of the ENIGMA consortium. METHODS We analyzed asymmetry of subcortical and cerebral cortical structures in up to 1,933 people with ADHD and 1,829 unaffected controls. Asymmetry Indexes (AIs) were calculated per participant for each bilaterally paired measure, and linear mixed effects modeling was applied separately in children, adolescents, adults, and the total sample, to test exhaustively for potential associations of ADHD with structural brain asymmetries. RESULTS There was no evidence for altered caudate nucleus asymmetry in ADHD, in contrast to prior literature. In children, there was less rightward asymmetry of the total hemispheric surface area compared to controls (t = 2.1, p = .04). Lower rightward asymmetry of medial orbitofrontal cortex surface area in ADHD (t = 2.7, p = .01) was similar to a recent finding for autism spectrum disorder. There were also some differences in cortical thickness asymmetry across age groups. In adults with ADHD, globus pallidus asymmetry was altered compared to those without ADHD. However, all effects were small (Cohen's d from -0.18 to 0.18) and would not survive study-wide correction for multiple testing. CONCLUSION Prior studies of altered structural brain asymmetry in ADHD were likely underpowered to detect the small effects reported here. Altered structural asymmetry is unlikely to provide a useful biomarker for ADHD, but may provide neurobiological insights into the trait.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Merel C. Postema
- Language and Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Martine Hoogman
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Sara Ambrosino
- NICHE lab, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Philip Asherson
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre; Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Tobias Banaschewski
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim / Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Cibele E. Bandeira
- Adulthood ADHD Outpatient Program (ProDAH), Clinical Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Biosciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Alexandr Baranov
- Research Institute of Pediatrics and child health of Central clinical hospital of the Russian Academy of Sciences of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Claiton H.D. Bau
- Adulthood ADHD Outpatient Program (ProDAH), Clinical Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Biosciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Developmental Psychiatry Program, Experimental Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Sarah Baumeister
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim / Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ramona Baur-Streubel
- Department of Biological Psychology, Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Mark A. Bellgrove
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health and School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Joseph Biederman
- Clinical and Research Programs in Pediatric Psychopharmacology and Adult ADHD
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, USA
| | - Janita Bralten
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Daniel Brandeis
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- The Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Silvia Brem
- The Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jan K. Buitelaar
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Karakter child and adolescent psychiatry University Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Geraldo F. Busatto
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Neuroimaging (LIM-21), Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Francisco X. Castellanos
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA
| | - Mara Cercignani
- Department of Neuroscience, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Falmer, Brighton, UK
| | - Tiffany M. Chaim-Avancini
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Neuroimaging (LIM-21), Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kaylita C. Chantiluke
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Anastasia Christakou
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
- School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, Centre for Integrative Neuroscience and Neurodynamics, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - David Coghill
- Departments of Paediatrics and Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Annette Conzelmann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Tübingen, Germany
- PFH – Private University of Applied Sciences, Department of Psychology (Clinical Psychology II), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ana I. Cubillo
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Renata B. Cupertino
- Adulthood ADHD Outpatient Program (ProDAH), Clinical Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Biosciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Patrick de Zeeuw
- NICHE Lab, Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Alysa E. Doyle
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, USA
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, USA
| | - Sarah Durston
- NICHE Lab, Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Eric A. Earl
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland OR, USA
| | - Jeffery N. Epstein
- Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Thomas Ethofer
- Clinic for Psychiatry/Psychotherapy Tübingen / Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, Tübingen
| | - Damien A. Fair
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland OR, USA
| | - Andreas J. Fallgatter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- LEAD Graduate School, University of Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Stephen V. Faraone
- Departments of Psychiatry and of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York
| | - Thomas Frodl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Matt C. Gabel
- Department of Neuroscience, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Falmer, Brighton, UK
| | - Tinatin Gogberashvili
- National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health, Laboratory of Neurology and Cognitive Health, Moscow, Russia
| | - Eugenio H. Grevet
- Adulthood ADHD Outpatient Program (ProDAH), Clinical Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Biosciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Developmental Psychiatry Program, Experimental Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jan Haavik
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Neil A. Harrison
- Department of Neuroscience, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Falmer, Brighton, UK
- Sussex Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, Swandean, East Sussex, UK
| | - Catharina A. Hartman
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation (ICPE), Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dirk J. Heslenfeld
- Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter J. Hoekstra
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
| | - Sarah Hohmann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim / Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Marie F. Høvik
- Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Bernd Kardatzki
- Department of Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Georgii Karkashadze
- Research Institute of Pediatrics and child health of Central clinical hospital of the Russian Academy of Sciences of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Clare Kelly
- School of Psychology and Department of Psychiatry at the School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gregor Kohls
- Child Neuropsychology Section, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Germany
| | - Kerstin Konrad
- Child Neuropsychology Section, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Germany
- JARA Institute Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging (INM-11), Institute for Neuroscience and Medicine, Research Center Jülich, Germany
| | - Jonna Kuntsi
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre; Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Luisa Lazaro
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Network Research Center on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sara Lera-Miguel
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neurosciencies, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona
| | - Klaus-Peter Lesch
- Division of Molecular Psychiatry, Center of Mental Health, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Neurobiology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNS), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Mario R. Louza
- Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Astri J. Lundervold
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Charles B Malpas
- Developmental Imaging Group, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Clinical Outcomes Research Unit (CORe), Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Paulo Mattos
- D’Or Institute for Research and Education, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro
| | - Hazel McCarthy
- Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
- Centre of Advanced Medical Imaging, St James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Leyla Namazova-Baranova
- Research Institute of Pediatrics and child health of Central clinical hospital of the Russian Academy of Sciences of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
- Russian National Research Medical University Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nicolau Rosa
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institut of Neurosciencies, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joel T Nigg
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland OR, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland OR, USA
| | | | - Eileen Oberwelland Weiss
- Translational Neuroscience, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
- Cognitive Neuroscience (INM-3), Institute for Neuroscience and Medicine, Research Center Jülich
| | - Ruth L. O’Gorman Tuura
- Center for MR Research, University Children’s Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
- Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP)
| | - Jaap Oosterlaan
- Clinical Neuropsychology Section, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Emma Children’s Hospital Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Emma Neuroscience Group, department of Pediatrics, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bob Oranje
- NICHE Lab, Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Yannis Paloyelis
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Paul Pauli
- Department of Psychology (Biological Psychology, Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy) and Center of Mental Health, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Felipe A. Picon
- Adulthood ADHD Outpatient Program (ProDAH), Clinical Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Kerstin J. Plessen
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Capital Region Copenhagen, Denmark
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - J. Antoni Ramos-Quiroga
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addictions, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Andreas Reif
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Liesbeth Reneman
- Amsterdam University Medical Center, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Pedro G.P. Rosa
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Neuroimaging (LIM-21), Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Katya Rubia
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Anouk Schrantee
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam; the Netherlands
| | - Lizanne J.S. Schweren
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation (ICPE), Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jochen Seitz
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Philip Shaw
- National Human Genome Research Institute and National Institute of Mental health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Tim J. Silk
- Deakin University, School of Psychology, Geelong, Australia
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Developmental Imaging, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Norbert Skokauskas
- Centre for child and adolescent mental health, NTNU, Norway
- Institute of Mental Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology
| | | | - Michael C. Stevens
- Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, USA
| | - Gustavo Sudre
- National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Leanne Tamm
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, USA
- College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, USA
| | - Fernanda Tovar-Moll
- D’Or Institute for Research and Education, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Morphological Sciences Program, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro
| | - Theo G.M. van Erp
- Clinical Translational Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California Irvine, 5251 California Ave, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA
- Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California Irvine, 309 Qureshey Research Lab, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Alasdair Vance
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Oscar Vilarroya
- Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Spain
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Georg G. von Polier
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
- Brain and Behavior (INM-7), Institute for Neuroscience and Medicine, Research Center Jülich, Germany
| | - Susanne Walitza
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Yuliya N. Yoncheva
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, NYU Child Study Center, Hassenfeld Children’s Hospital at NYU Langone
| | - Marcus V. Zanetti
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Georg C. Ziegler
- Division of Molecular Psychiatry, Center of Mental Health, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - David C. Glahn
- Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115-5724, USA
| | - Neda Jahanshad
- Imaging Genetics Center, Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Marina del Rey, CA, 90292
| | - Sarah E. Medland
- Psychiatric Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - Paul M. Thompson
- Imaging Genetics Center, Stevens Institute for Neuroimaging & Informatics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Simon E. Fisher
- Language and Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Barbara Franke
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Clyde Francks
- Language and Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Cao Z, Ottino‐Gonzalez J, Cupertino RB, Schwab N, Hoke C, Catherine O, Cousijn J, Dagher A, Foxe JJ, Goudriaan AE, Hester R, Hutchison K, Li CR, London ED, Lorenzetti V, Luijten M, Martin‐Santos R, Momenan R, Paulus MP, Schmaal L, Sinha R, Sjoerds Z, Solowij N, Stein DJ, Stein EA, Uhlmann A, Holst RJ, Veltman DJ, Wiers RW, Yücel M, Zhang S, Jahanshad N, Thompson PM, Conrod P, Mackey S, Garavan H. Mapping cortical and subcortical asymmetries in substance dependence: Findings from the ENIGMA Addiction Working Group. Addict Biol 2021; 26:e13010. [PMID: 33508888 DOI: 10.1111/adb.13010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Brain asymmetry reflects left-right hemispheric differentiation, which is a quantitative brain phenotype that develops with age and can vary with psychiatric diagnoses. Previous studies have shown that substance dependence is associated with altered brain structure and function. However, it is unknown whether structural brain asymmetries are different in individuals with substance dependence compared with nondependent participants. Here, a mega-analysis was performed using a collection of 22 structural brain MRI datasets from the ENIGMA Addiction Working Group. Structural asymmetries of cortical and subcortical regions were compared between individuals who were dependent on alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, methamphetamine, or cannabis (n = 1,796) and nondependent participants (n = 996). Substance-general and substance-specific effects on structural asymmetry were examined using separate models. We found that substance dependence was significantly associated with differences in volume asymmetry of the nucleus accumbens (NAcc; less rightward; Cohen's d = 0.15). This effect was driven by differences from controls in individuals with alcohol dependence (less rightward; Cohen's d = 0.10) and nicotine dependence (less rightward; Cohen's d = 0.11). These findings suggest that disrupted structural asymmetry in the NAcc may be a characteristic of substance dependence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Cao
- Department of Psychiatry University of Vermont College of Medicine Burlington Vermont USA
| | | | - Renata B. Cupertino
- Department of Psychiatry University of Vermont College of Medicine Burlington Vermont USA
| | - Nathan Schwab
- Department of Psychiatry University of Vermont College of Medicine Burlington Vermont USA
| | - Colin Hoke
- Department of Psychiatry University of Vermont College of Medicine Burlington Vermont USA
| | - Orr Catherine
- Department of Psychological Sciences, School of Health Sciences Swinburne University Melbourne Australia
| | - Janna Cousijn
- Departments of Psychology University of Amsterdam Amsterdam Netherlands
| | - Alain Dagher
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute McGill University Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - John J. Foxe
- Department of Neuroscience and The Ernest J. Del Monte Institute for Neuroscience University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry Rochester New York USA
| | - Anna E. Goudriaan
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC University of Amsterdam Amsterdam Netherlands
| | - Robert Hester
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences University of Melbourne Melbourne Australia
| | - Kent Hutchison
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience University of Colorado Boulder Boulder Colorado USA
| | - Chiang‐Shan R. Li
- Department of Psychiatry Yale University School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut USA
| | - Edythe D. London
- David Geffen School of Medicine University of California at Los Angeles Los Angeles California USA
| | - Valentina Lorenzetti
- Neuroscience of Addiction and Mental Health Program, Healthy Brain and Mind Research Centre, School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences Australian Catholic University Sydney Australia
| | - Maartje Luijten
- Behavioural Science Institute Radboud University Nijmegen Netherlands
| | - Rocio Martin‐Santos
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - Reza Momenan
- Clinical NeuroImaging Research Core, Division of Intramural Clinical and Biological Research National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Bethesda Maryland USA
| | - Martin P. Paulus
- VA San Diego Healthcare System and Department of Psychiatry University of California San Diego La Jolla California USA
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research Tulsa Oklahoma USA
| | - Lianne Schmaal
- Orygen Parkville Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health University of Melbourne Melbourne Australia
| | - Rajita Sinha
- Department of Psychiatry Yale University School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut USA
| | - Zsuzsika Sjoerds
- Institute of Psychology and Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition Leiden University Leiden Netherlands
| | - Nadia Solowij
- School of Psychology and Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute University of Wollongong Wollongong Australia
| | - Dan J. Stein
- SA MRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Institute University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa
| | - Elliot A. Stein
- Neuroimaging Research Branch, Intramural Research Program National Institute on Drug Abuse Baltimore Maryland USA
| | - Anne Uhlmann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Technische Universität Dresden Dresden Germany
| | - Ruth J. Holst
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC University of Amsterdam Amsterdam Netherlands
| | - Dick J. Veltman
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC University of Amsterdam Amsterdam Netherlands
| | - Reinout W. Wiers
- Addiction Development and Psychopathology (ADAPT)‐lab, Department of Psychology and Center for Urban Mental Health University of Amsterdam Amsterdam Netherlands
| | - Murat Yücel
- BrainPark, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, and Monash Biomedical Imaging Facility Monash University Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry Yale University School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut USA
| | - Neda Jahanshad
- Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC University of Southern California Marina del Rey California USA
| | - Paul M. Thompson
- Imaging Genetics Center, Stevens Institute for Neuroimaging and Informatics, Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California Marina del Rey Californis USA
| | - Patricia Conrod
- Department of Psychiatry Université de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - Scott Mackey
- Department of Psychiatry University of Vermont College of Medicine Burlington Vermont USA
| | - Hugh Garavan
- Department of Psychiatry University of Vermont College of Medicine Burlington Vermont USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Kong XZ, Postema M, Schijven D, Castillo AC, Pepe A, Crivello F, Joliot M, Mazoyer B, Fisher SE, Francks C. Large-Scale Phenomic and Genomic Analysis of Brain Asymmetrical Skew. Cereb Cortex 2021; 31:4151-4168. [PMID: 33836062 PMCID: PMC8328207 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhab075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The human cerebral hemispheres show a left-right asymmetrical torque pattern, which has been claimed to be absent in chimpanzees. The functional significance and developmental mechanisms are unknown. Here, we carried out the largest-ever analysis of global brain shape asymmetry in magnetic resonance imaging data. Three population datasets were used, UK Biobank (N = 39 678), Human Connectome Project (N = 1113), and BIL&GIN (N = 453). At the population level, there was an anterior and dorsal skew of the right hemisphere, relative to the left. Both skews were associated independently with handedness, and various regional gray and white matter metrics oppositely in the two hemispheres, as well as other variables related to cognitive functions, sociodemographic factors, and physical and mental health. The two skews showed single nucleotide polymorphisms-based heritabilities of 4-13%, but also substantial polygenicity in causal mixture model analysis, and no individually significant loci were found in genome-wide association studies for either skew. There was evidence for a significant genetic correlation between horizontal brain skew and autism, which requires future replication. These results provide the first large-scale description of population-average brain skews and their inter-individual variations, their replicable associations with handedness, and insights into biological and other factors which associate with human brain asymmetry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Zhen Kong
- Language and Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen 6525 XD, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China
| | - Merel Postema
- Language and Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen 6525 XD, The Netherlands
| | - Dick Schijven
- Language and Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen 6525 XD, The Netherlands
| | - Amaia Carrión Castillo
- Language and Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen 6525 XD, The Netherlands
| | - Antonietta Pepe
- Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR5293, Groupe d’Imagerie Neurofonctionnelle, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux cedex 33076, France
| | - Fabrice Crivello
- Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR5293, Groupe d’Imagerie Neurofonctionnelle, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux cedex 33076, France
| | - Marc Joliot
- Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR5293, Groupe d’Imagerie Neurofonctionnelle, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux cedex 33076, France
| | - Bernard Mazoyer
- Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR5293, Groupe d’Imagerie Neurofonctionnelle, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux cedex 33076, France
| | - Simon E Fisher
- Language and Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen 6525 XD, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University, Nijmegen 6525 EN, The Netherlands
| | - Clyde Francks
- Language and Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen 6525 XD, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University, Nijmegen 6525 EN, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Johnstone LT, Karlsson EM, Carey DP. Left-Handers Are Less Lateralized Than Right-Handers for Both Left and Right Hemispheric Functions. Cereb Cortex 2021; 31:3780-3787. [PMID: 33884412 PMCID: PMC8824548 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhab048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Many neuroscientific techniques have revealed that more left- than right-handers will have unusual cerebral asymmetries for language. After the original emphasis on frequency in the aphasia and epilepsy literatures, most neuropsychology, and neuroimaging efforts rely on estimates of central tendency to compare these two handedness groups on any given measure of asymmetry. The inevitable reduction in mean lateralization in the left-handed group is often postulated as being due to reversed asymmetry in a small subset of them, but it could also be due to a reduced asymmetry in many of the left-handers. These two possibilities have hugely different theoretical interpretations. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging localizer paradigms, we matched left- and right-handers for hemispheric dominance across four functions (verbal fluency, face perception, body perception, and scene perception). We then compared the degree of dominance between the two handedness groups for each of these four measures, conducting t-tests on the mean laterality indices. The results demonstrate that left-handers with typical cerebral asymmetries are less lateralized for language, faces, and bodies than their right-handed counterparts. These results are difficult to reconcile with current theories of language asymmetry or of handedness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leah T Johnstone
- School of Psychology, Perception, Action and Memory Research Group, Bangor Imaging Group, Bangor University, Bangor, LL59 2AS, UK.,Sport Psychology Group, UCFB, Manchester, M11 3FF, UK
| | - Emma M Karlsson
- School of Psychology, Perception, Action and Memory Research Group, Bangor Imaging Group, Bangor University, Bangor, LL59 2AS, UK
| | - David P Carey
- School of Psychology, Perception, Action and Memory Research Group, Bangor Imaging Group, Bangor University, Bangor, LL59 2AS, UK
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Cheng L, Zhang Y, Li G, Wang J, Sherwood C, Gong G, Fan L, Jiang T. Connectional asymmetry of the inferior parietal lobule shapes hemispheric specialization in humans, chimpanzees, and rhesus macaques. eLife 2021; 10:e67600. [PMID: 34219649 PMCID: PMC8257252 DOI: 10.7554/elife.67600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The inferior parietal lobule (IPL) is one of the most expanded cortical regions in humans relative to other primates. It is also among the most structurally and functionally asymmetric regions in the human cerebral cortex. Whether the structural and connectional asymmetries of IPL subdivisions differ across primate species and how this relates to functional asymmetries remain unclear. We identified IPL subregions that exhibited positive allometric in both hemispheres, scaling across rhesus macaque monkeys, chimpanzees, and humans. The patterns of IPL subregions asymmetry were similar in chimpanzees and humans, but no IPL asymmetries were evident in macaques. Among the comparative sample of primates, humans showed the most widespread asymmetric connections in the frontal, parietal, and temporal cortices, constituting leftward asymmetric networks that may provide an anatomical basis for language and tool use. Unique human asymmetric connectivity between the IPL and primary motor cortex might be related to handedness. These findings suggest that structural and connectional asymmetries may underlie hemispheric specialization of the human brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luqi Cheng
- Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduChina
- Brainnetome Center, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yuanchao Zhang
- Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduChina
| | - Gang Li
- Brainnetome Center, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Jiaojian Wang
- Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduChina
- Center for Language and Brain, Shenzhen Institute of NeuroscienceShenzhenChina
| | - Chet Sherwood
- Department of Anthropology and Center for the Advanced Study of Human Paleobiology, The George Washington UniversityWashingtonUnited States
| | - Gaolang Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal UniversityBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Brain Imaging and Connectomics, Beijing Normal UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Lingzhong Fan
- Brainnetome Center, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Tianzi Jiang
- Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduChina
- Brainnetome Center, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhu Y, Wang S, Gong X, Edmiston EK, Zhong S, Li C, Zhao P, Wei S, Jiang X, Qin Y, Kang J, Wang Y, Sun Q, Gong G, Wang F, Tang Y. Associations between hemispheric asymmetry and schizophrenia-related risk genes in people with schizophrenia and people at a genetic high risk of schizophrenia. Br J Psychiatry 2021; 219:392-400. [PMID: 35048853 PMCID: PMC8529637 DOI: 10.1192/bjp.2021.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia is considered a polygenic disorder. People with schizophrenia and those with genetic high risk of schizophrenia (GHR) have presented with similar neurodevelopmental deficits in hemispheric asymmetry. The potential associations between neurodevelopmental abnormalities and schizophrenia-related risk genes in both schizophrenia and those with GHR remains unclear. AIMS To investigate the shared and specific alternations to the structural network in people with schizophrenia and those with GHR. And to identify an association between vulnerable structural network alternation and schizophrenia-related risk genes. METHOD A total of 97 participants with schizophrenia, 79 participants with GHR and 192 healthy controls, underwent diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) scans at a single site. We used graph theory to characterise hemispheric and whole-brain structural network topological metrics. For 26 people in the schizophrenia group and 48 in the GHR group with DTI scans we also calculated their schizophrenia-related polygenic risk scores (SZ-PRSs). The correlations between alterations to the structural network and SZ-PRSs were calculated. Based on the identified genetic-neural association, bioinformatics enrichment was explored. RESULTS There were significant hemispheric asymmetric deficits of nodal efficiency, global and local efficiency in the schizophrenia and GHR groups. Hemispheric asymmetric deficit of local efficiency was significantly positively correlated with SZ-PRSs in the schizophrenia and GHR groups. Bioinformatics enrichment analysis showed that these risk genes may be linked to signal transduction, neural development and neuron structure. The schizophrenia group showed a significant decrease in the whole-brain structural network. CONCLUSIONS The shared asymmetric deficits in people with schizophrenia and those with GHR, and the association between anomalous asymmetry and SZ-PRSs suggested a vulnerability imaging marker regulated by schizophrenia-related risk genes. Our findings provide new insights into asymmetry regulated by risk genes and provides a better understanding of the genetic-neural pathological underpinnings of schizophrenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, PR China; and Brain Function Research Section, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, PR China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, PR China; Brain Function Research Section, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, PR China; and Department of Psychology, Weifang Medical University, PR China
| | - Xiaohong Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, PR China
| | | | - Suyu Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, PR China
| | - Chao Li
- Brain Function Research Section, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, PR China; and Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, PR China
| | - Pengfei Zhao
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, PR China; and Brain Function Research Section, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, PR China
| | - Shengnan Wei
- Brain Function Research Section, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, PR China; and Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, PR China
| | - Xiaowei Jiang
- Brain Function Research Section, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, PR China; and Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, PR China
| | - Yue Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, PR China
| | - Jujiao Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, PR China
| | - Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, PR China
| | - Qikun Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, PR China
| | - Gaolang Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, PR China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, PR China; Brain Function Research Section, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, PR China; Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, PR China; and Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, USA
| | - Yanqing Tang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, PR China; Brain Function Research Section, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, PR China; and Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, PR China,Correspondence: Yanqing Tang.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Viruega H, Gaviria M. Functional Weight of Somatic and Cognitive Networks and Asymmetry of Compensatory Mechanisms: Collaboration or Divergency among Hemispheres after Cerebrovascular Accident? Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11060495. [PMID: 34071611 PMCID: PMC8226640 DOI: 10.3390/life11060495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The human brain holds highly sophisticated compensatory mechanisms relying on neuroplasticity. Neuronal degeneracy, redundancy, and brain network organization make the human nervous system more robust and evolvable to continuously guarantee an optimal environmental-related homeostasis. Nevertheless, after injury, restitution processes appear dissimilar, depending on the pathology. Following a cerebrovascular accident, asymmetry, within- and across-network compensation and interhemispheric inhibition are key features to functional recovery. In moderate-to-severe stroke, neurological outcome is often poor, and little is known about the paths that enable either an efficient collaboration among hemispheres or, on the contrary, an antagonism of adaptative responses. In this review, we aim to decipher key issues of ipsilesional and contralesional hemispheric functioning allowing the foundations of effective neurorehabilitation strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Viruega
- Institut Equiphoria, Combo Besso-Rouges Parets, 48500 La Canourgue, France;
- Alliance Equiphoria, 4, Résidence Le Sabot, 48500 La Canourgue, France
| | - Manuel Gaviria
- Alliance Equiphoria, 4, Résidence Le Sabot, 48500 La Canourgue, France
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Gibicar A, Moody AR, Khademi A. Automated Midline Estimation for Symmetry Analysis of Cerebral Hemispheres in FLAIR MRI. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:644137. [PMID: 33994994 PMCID: PMC8118126 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.644137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
To perform brain asymmetry studies in large neuroimaging archives, reliable and automatic detection of the interhemispheric fissure (IF) is needed to first extract the cerebral hemispheres. The detection of the IF is often referred to as mid-sagittal plane estimation, as this plane separates the two cerebral hemispheres. However, traditional planar estimation techniques fail when the IF presents a curvature caused by existing pathology or a natural phenomenon known as brain torque. As a result, midline estimates can be inaccurate. In this study, a fully unsupervised midline estimation technique is proposed that is comprised of three main stages: head angle correction, control point estimation and midline generation. The control points are estimated using a combination of intensity, texture, gradient, and symmetry-based features. As shown, the proposed method automatically adapts to IF curvature, is applied on a slice-to-slice basis for more accurate results and also provides accurate delineation of the midline in the septum pellucidum, which is a source of failure for traditional approaches. The method is compared to two state-of-the-art methods for midline estimation and is validated using 75 imaging volumes (~3,000 imaging slices) acquired from 38 centers of subjects with dementia and vascular disease. The proposed method yields the lowest average error across all metrics: Hausdorff distance (HD) was 0.32 ± 0.23, mean absolute difference (MAD) was 1.10 ± 0.38 mm and volume difference was 7.52 ± 5.40 and 5.35 ± 3.97 ml, for left and right hemispheres, respectively. Using the proposed method, the midline was extracted for 5,360 volumes (~275K images) from 83 centers worldwide, acquired by GE, Siemens and Philips scanners. An asymmetry index was proposed that automatically detected outlier segmentations (which were <1% of the total dataset). Using the extracted hemispheres, hemispheric asymmetry texture biomarkers of the normal-appearing brain matter (NABM) were analyzed in a dementia cohort, and significant differences in biomarker means were found across SCI and MCI and SCI and AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam Gibicar
- Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering Department, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Alan R Moody
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - April Khademi
- Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering Department, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Keenan Research Center for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology, A Partnership Between St. Michael's Hospital and Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Balestrini S, Lopez SM, Chinthapalli K, Sargsyan N, Demurtas R, Vos S, Altmann A, Suttie M, Hammond P, Sisodiya SM. Increased facial asymmetry in focal epilepsies associated with unilateral lesions. Brain Commun 2021; 3:fcab068. [PMID: 34222868 PMCID: PMC8244637 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcab068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The epilepsies are now conceptualized as network disruptions: focal epilepsies are considered to have network alterations in the hemisphere of seizure onset, whilst generalized epilepsies are considered to have bi-hemispheric network changes. Increasingly, many epilepsies are also considered to be neurodevelopmental disorders, with early changes in the brain underpinning seizure biology. The development of the structure of the face is influenced by complex molecular interactions between surface ectoderm and underlying developing forebrain and neural crest cells. This influence is likely to continue postnatally, given the evidence of facial growth changes over time in humans until at least 18 years of age. In this case-control study, we hypothesized that people with lateralized focal epilepsies (i.e. unilateral network changes) have an increased degree of facial asymmetry, compared with people with generalized epilepsies or controls without epilepsy. We applied three-dimensional stereophotogrammetry and dense surface models to evaluate facial asymmetry in people with epilepsy, aiming to generate new tools to explore pathophysiological mechanisms in epilepsy. We analysed neuroimaging data to explore the correlation between face and brain asymmetry. We consecutively recruited 859 people with epilepsy attending the epilepsy clinics at a tertiary referral centre. We used dense surface modelling of the full face and signature analyses of three-dimensional facial photographs to analyse facial differences between 378 cases and 205 healthy controls. Neuroimaging around the time of the facial photograph was available for 234 cases. We computed the brain asymmetry index between contralateral regions. Cases with focal symptomatic epilepsy associated with unilateral lesions showed greater facial asymmetry compared to controls (P = 0.0001, two-sample t-test). This finding was confirmed by linear regression analysis after controlling for age and gender. We also found a significant correlation between duration of illness and the brain asymmetry index of total average cortical thickness (r = -0.19, P = 0.0075) but not for total average surface area (r = 0.06, P = 0.3968). There was no significant correlation between facial asymmetry and asymmetry of regional cortical thickness or surface area. We propose that the greater facial asymmetry in cases with focal epilepsy caused by unilateral abnormality might be explained by early unilateral network disruption, and that this is independent of underlying brain asymmetry. Three-dimensional stereophotogrammetry and dense surface modelling are a novel powerful phenotyping tool in epilepsy that may permit greater understanding of pathophysiology in epilepsy, and generate further insights into the development of cerebral networks underlying epilepsy, and the genetics of facial and neural development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simona Balestrini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London.,Chalfont Centre for Epilepsy, Gerrards Cross, UK
| | - Seymour M Lopez
- Department of Medical Physics, Centre for Medical Image Computing, UCL, London, UK
| | - Krishna Chinthapalli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London.,Chalfont Centre for Epilepsy, Gerrards Cross, UK
| | - Narek Sargsyan
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London.,Chalfont Centre for Epilepsy, Gerrards Cross, UK
| | - Rita Demurtas
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London.,Chalfont Centre for Epilepsy, Gerrards Cross, UK
| | - Sjoerd Vos
- Department of Medical Physics, Centre for Medical Image Computing, UCL, London, UK.,Neuroradiological Academic Unit, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Andre Altmann
- Department of Medical Physics, Centre for Medical Image Computing, UCL, London, UK
| | - Michael Suttie
- Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Big Data Institute, Old Road Campus, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Peter Hammond
- Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Big Data Institute, Old Road Campus, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sanjay M Sisodiya
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London.,Chalfont Centre for Epilepsy, Gerrards Cross, UK
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Yu YH, Shafer VL. Neural Representation of the English Vowel Feature [High]: Evidence From /ε/ vs. /ɪ/. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 15:629517. [PMID: 33897394 PMCID: PMC8063109 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.629517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies have observed modulation of the amplitude of the neural index mismatch negativity (MMN) related to which member of a phoneme contrast [phoneme A, phoneme B] serves as the frequent (standard) and which serves as the infrequent (deviant) stimulus (i.e., AAAB vs. BBBA) in an oddball paradigm. Explanations for this amplitude modulation range from acoustic to linguistic factors. We tested whether exchanging the role of the mid vowel /ε/ vs. high vowel /ɪ/ of English modulated MMN amplitude and whether the pattern of modulation was compatible with an underspecification account, in which the underspecified height values are [−high] and [−low]. MMN was larger for /ε/ as the deviant, but only when compared across conditions to itself as the standard. For the within-condition comparison, MMN was larger to /ɪ/ deviant minus /ε/ standard than to the reverse. A condition order effect was also observed. MMN amplitude was smaller to the deviant stimulus if it had previously served as the standard. In addition, the amplitudes of late discriminative negativity (LDN) showed similar asymmetry. LDN was larger for deviant /ε/ than deviant /ɪ/ when compared to themselves as the standard. These findings were compatible with an underspecification account, but also with other accounts, such as the Natural Referent Vowel model and a prototype model; we also suggest that non-linguistic factors need to be carefully considered as additional sources of speech processing asymmetries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan H Yu
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, St. John's University, Queens, NY, United States
| | - Valerie L Shafer
- The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Herzog NJ, Magoulas GD. Brain Asymmetry Detection and Machine Learning Classification for Diagnosis of Early Dementia. Sensors (Basel) 2021; 21:s21030778. [PMID: 33498908 PMCID: PMC7865614 DOI: 10.3390/s21030778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Early identification of degenerative processes in the human brain is considered essential for providing proper care and treatment. This may involve detecting structural and functional cerebral changes such as changes in the degree of asymmetry between the left and right hemispheres. Changes can be detected by computational algorithms and used for the early diagnosis of dementia and its stages (amnestic early mild cognitive impairment (EMCI), Alzheimer’s Disease (AD)), and can help to monitor the progress of the disease. In this vein, the paper proposes a data processing pipeline that can be implemented on commodity hardware. It uses features of brain asymmetries, extracted from MRI of the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database, for the analysis of structural changes, and machine learning classification of the pathology. The experiments provide promising results, distinguishing between subjects with normal cognition (NC) and patients with early or progressive dementia. Supervised machine learning algorithms and convolutional neural networks tested are reaching an accuracy of 92.5% and 75.0% for NC vs. EMCI, and 93.0% and 90.5% for NC vs. AD, respectively. The proposed pipeline offers a promising low-cost alternative for the classification of dementia and can be potentially useful to other brain degenerative disorders that are accompanied by changes in the brain asymmetries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nitsa J. Herzog
- Department of Computer Science, Birkbeck College, University of London, London WC1E 7HZ, UK;
| | - George D. Magoulas
- Department of Computer Science, Birkbeck College, University of London, London WC1E 7HZ, UK;
- Birkbeck Knowledge Lab, University of London, London WC1E 7HZ, UK
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Fu Z, Zhao M, Wang X, He Y, Tian Y, Yang Y, Han Y, Li S. Altered Neuroanatomical Asymmetries of Subcortical Structures in Subjective Cognitive Decline, Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment, and Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 79:1121-1132. [PMID: 33386805 DOI: 10.3233/jad-201116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with subjective cognitive decline (SCD), defined by self-reported memory complaints but normal performance in objective neuropsychological tests, may be at higher risk of worsening or more frequent memory loss until conversion to Alzheimer's disease (AD) or related dementia. Asymmetry in two hemispheres is a cardinal character of human brain's structure and function, and altered brain asymmetry has also been connected with AD. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine whether the asymmetry of subcortical structures in individuals with SCD and amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and AD patients are altered compared with normal controls (NC). METHODS We investigated neuroanatomical alterations in 35 SCD, 43 aMCI, and 41 AD subjects compared with 42 NC, focusing on asymmetrical changes in subcortical structures based on structural magnetic resonance images (sMRI). General linear model was conducted to test group differences, and partial correlation was used to model the interaction between asymmetry measurements and cognitive tests. RESULTS Individuals with SCD (lateral ventricle and cerebellum-WM), aMCI patients (lateral ventricle, pallidum, hippocampus, amygdala, accumbens, and ventral DC), and AD patients (lateral-ventricle, cerebellum-cortical pallidum, thalamus, hippocampus, amygdala, accumbens, and ventral DC) exhibited significant altered neuroanatomical asymmetries of volume, surface area, and shape compared with NC. Significant associations between shape asymmetry and neuropsychological examinations were found in the hippocampus and accumbens. CONCLUSION Altered neuroanatomical asymmetries of subcortical structures were significantly detected in SCD individuals and aMCI patients as well AD patients, and these specific asymmetry alterations are potential to be used as neuroimaging markers and for monitoring disease progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenrong Fu
- School of Biological Science & Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Mingyan Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, China.,Department of Neurology, XuanWu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuetong Wang
- School of Biological Science & Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Yirong He
- School of Biological Science & Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Tian
- School of Biological Science & Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Yujing Yang
- School of Biological Science & Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Han
- Department of Neurology, XuanWu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Center of Alzheimer's Disease, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Beijing, China
| | - Shuyu Li
- School of Biological Science & Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Al-Otaibi M, Lessard-Beaudoin M, Castellano CA, Gris D, Cunnane SC, Graham RK. Volumetric MRI demonstrates atrophy of the olfactory cortex in AD. Curr Alzheimer Res 2020; 17:904-915. [PMID: 33327913 DOI: 10.2174/1567205017666201215120909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Alzheimer disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder that affects millions of individuals worldwide. Symptoms include memory dysfunction and deficits in attention, planning, language, and overall cognitive function. Olfactory dysfunction is a common symptom of AD and evidence supports that it is an early marker. Furthermore, olfactory bulb and entorhinal cortex atrophy are well described in AD. However, in AD, no studies have assessed the olfactory cortex as a whole and if sex effects are observed. METHODS Magnetic Resonance Imaging was used to scan 39 participants with an average age of 72 years and included men and women. AAL Single-Subject Atlas (implemented in PNEURO tool - PMOD 3.8) was used to determine the volume of the olfactory cortex and the hippocampus. Olfactory cortex volume was lower in both men and women AD cases compared with controls. This decrease was more apparent in the left olfactory cortex and was influenced by age. As expected, hippocampal volume was also significantly reduced in AD. However, this was only observed in the male cohort. A significant correlation was observed between levels of education and hippocampal volume in controls that were not detected in the AD participants. Asymmetry was observed in the olfactory cortex volume when comparing left and right volumes in both the control and AD participants, which was not observed in the hippocampus. RESULTS These data highlight the importance of the role of olfactory cortical atrophy in the pathogenesis of AD and the interplay between the olfactory deficits and degeneration of olfactory regions in the brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Denis Gris
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Stephen C Cunnane
- Research Center on Aging, CIUSSS-IUGS de l'Estrie-CHUS, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Rona K Graham
- Research Center on Aging, CIUSSS-IUGS de l'Estrie-CHUS, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Gao J, Skouras S, Leung HK, Wu BWY, Wu H, Chang C, Sik HH. Repetitive Religious Chanting Invokes Positive Emotional Schema to Counterbalance Fear: A Multi-Modal Functional and Structural MRI Study. Front Behav Neurosci 2020; 14:548856. [PMID: 33328917 PMCID: PMC7732428 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2020.548856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction During hard times, religious chanting/praying is widely practiced to cope with negative or stressful emotions. While the underlying neural mechanism has not been investigated to a sufficient extent. A previous event-related potential study showed that religious chanting could significantly diminish the late-positive potential induced by negative stimuli. However, the regulatory role of subcortical brain regions, especially the amygdala, in this process remains unclear. This multi-modal MRI study aimed to further clarify the neural mechanism underlying the effectiveness of religious chanting for emotion regulation. Methodology Twenty-one participants were recruited for a multi-modal MRI study. Their age range was 40–52 years, 11 were female and all participants had at least 1 year of experience in religious chanting. The participants were asked to view neutral/fearful pictures while practicing religious chanting (i.e., chanting the name of Buddha Amitābha), non-religious chanting (i.e., chanting the name of Santa Claus), or no chanting. A 3.0 T Philips MRI scanner was used to collect the data and SPM12 was used to analyze the imaging data. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) was used to explore the potential hemispheric asymmetries in practitioners. Results Compared to non-religious chanting and no chanting, higher brain activity was observed in several brain regions when participants performed religious chanting while viewing fearful images. These brain regions included the fusiform gyrus, left parietal lobule, and prefrontal cortex, as well as subcortical regions such as the amygdala, thalamus, and midbrain. Importantly, significantly more activity was observed in the left than in the right amygdala during religious chanting. VBM showed hemispheric asymmetries, mainly in the thalamus, putamen, hippocampus, amygdala, and cerebellum; areas related to skill learning and biased memory formation. Conclusion This preliminary study showed that repetitive religious chanting may induce strong brain activity, especially in response to stimuli with negative valence. Practicing religious chanting may structurally lateralize a network of brain areas involved in biased memory formation. These functional and structural results suggest that religious chanting helps to form a positive schema to counterbalance negative emotions. Future randomized control studies are necessary to confirm the neural mechanism related to religious chanting in coping with stress and negative emotions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junling Gao
- Buddhism and Science Research Lab, Centre of Buddhist Studies, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Stavros Skouras
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Hang Kin Leung
- Buddhism and Science Research Lab, Centre of Buddhist Studies, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Bonnie Wai Yan Wu
- Buddhism and Science Research Lab, Centre of Buddhist Studies, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Huijun Wu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chunqi Chang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hin Hung Sik
- Buddhism and Science Research Lab, Centre of Buddhist Studies, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Segarra AB, Prieto I, Martínez-Cañamero M, Ramírez-Sánchez M. Is there a link between depression, neurochemical asymmetry and cardiovascular function? AIMS Neurosci 2020; 7:360-372. [PMID: 33263075 PMCID: PMC7701369 DOI: 10.3934/neuroscience.2020022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Although at present depression is one of the most disabling disorders in our social environment, the understanding of its pathogenesis and the resources for its treatment are still unsatisfactory. The importance of brain asymmetry in the pathogenesis of disorders in brain function, including mood disorders such as depression, is a highly unexplored, sometimes underrated, and even ignored topic. It is important to note that the basal and pathological functional lateralization must have an underlying neurochemical substrate. It is also necessary to indicate that the brain asymmetry extends to a neurovisceral integration whose behavior may also be lateralized. One of the most studied axis from the functional point of view is the brain-heart connection, in whose operation there are observations that suggest an asymmetric behavior in basal conditions that is modified by central and peripheral changes, as well as by pharmacological treatments. There are evidences that connect cardiovascular function, neurochemical asymmetries, and depression. A deep understanding of the bilateral behavior of the brain following pathophysiological changes in blood pressure as well as pharmacologically induced, can provide us with therapeutic suggestions for the treatment of depression. In this article, we analyze remarkable results of some representative selected contributions, with which we discuss our proposal on the relationship between hypertension, depression and neurochemical asymmetry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A B Segarra
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - I Prieto
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Aviram-Friedman R, Kafri L, Baz G, Alyagon U, Zangen A. Prisoners of Addictive Cues: Biobehavioral Markers of Overweight and Obese Adults with Food Addiction. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12113563. [PMID: 33233720 PMCID: PMC7699916 DOI: 10.3390/nu12113563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is associated with food and eating addiction (FA), but the biobehavioral markers of this condition are poorly understood. To characterize FA, we recruited 18 healthy controls and overweight/obese adults with (n = 31) and without (n = 17) FA (H-C, FAOB, NFAOB, respectively) to assess alpha brain asymmetry at rest using electroencephalogram; event-related potentials following exposure to high-calorie food (HCF), low-calorie food (LCF), and nonfood (NF) images in a Stroop paradigm; reaction time reflective of the Stroop bias; and symptoms of depression and disordered eating behavior. The FAOB group had the greatest emotional and uncontrollable eating, depressive, and binge-eating symptoms. The FAOB group displayed lower resting left alpha brain asymmetry than that of the NFAOB group. Differently from the other groups, the FAOB group presented attenuated Stroop bias following exposure to HCF relative to NF images, as well as a lower late positive potential component (LPPb; 450-495 ms) in both frontal and occipital regions. In the total cohort, a correlation was found between the Stroop bias and the LPPb amplitude. These results point to biobehavioral hypervigilance in response to addictive food triggers in overweight/obese adults with FA. This resembles other addictive disorders but is absent in overweight/obesity without FA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roni Aviram-Friedman
- Correspondence: (R.A.-F.); (A.Z.); Tel.: +972-52-6066876 or +972-8-6472646 (R.A.-F. & A.Z.)
| | | | | | | | - Abraham Zangen
- Correspondence: (R.A.-F.); (A.Z.); Tel.: +972-52-6066876 or +972-8-6472646 (R.A.-F. & A.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Xiang L, Crow TJ, Hopkins WD, Roberts N. Comparison of Surface Area and Cortical Thickness Asymmetry in the Human and Chimpanzee Brain. Cereb Cortex 2020; 34:bhaa202. [PMID: 33026423 PMCID: PMC10859246 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaa202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Comparative study of the structural asymmetry of the human and chimpanzee brain may shed light on the evolution of language and other cognitive abilities in humans. Here we report the results of vertex-wise and ROI-based analyses that compared surface area (SA) and cortical thickness (CT) asymmetries in 3D MR images obtained for 91 humans and 77 chimpanzees. The human brain is substantially more asymmetric than the chimpanzee brain. In particular, the human brain has 1) larger total SA in the right compared with the left cerebral hemisphere, 2) a global torque-like asymmetry pattern of widespread thicker cortex in the left compared with the right frontal and the right compared with the left temporo-parieto-occipital lobe, and 3) local asymmetries, most notably in medial occipital cortex and superior temporal gyrus, where rightward asymmetry is observed for both SA and CT. There is also 4) a prominent asymmetry specific to the chimpanzee brain, namely, rightward CT asymmetry of precentral cortex. These findings provide evidence of there being substantial differences in asymmetry between the human and chimpanzee brain. The unique asymmetries of the human brain are potential neural substrates for cognitive specializations, and the presence of significant CT asymmetry of precentral gyrus in the chimpanzee brain should be further investigated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Xiang
- School of Clinical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Timothy J Crow
- POWIC, Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, Oxford OX3 7JX, UK
| | - William D Hopkins
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Bastrop, TX 78602, USA
| | - Neil Roberts
- School of Clinical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Abstract
Statistical physics determines the abundance of different arrangements of matter depending on cost-benefit balances. Its formalism and phenomenology percolate throughout biological processes and set limits to effective computation. Under specific conditions, self-replicating and computationally complex patterns become favored, yielding life, cognition, and Darwinian evolution. Neurons and neural circuits sit at a crossroads between statistical physics, computation, and (through their role in cognition) natural selection. Can we establish a statistical physics of neural circuits? Such theory would tell what kinds of brains to expect under set energetic, evolutionary, and computational conditions. With this big picture in mind, we focus on the fate of duplicated neural circuits. We look at examples from central nervous systems, with stress on computational thresholds that might prompt this redundancy. We also study a naive cost-benefit balance for duplicated circuits implementing complex phenotypes. From this, we derive phase diagrams and (phase-like) transitions between single and duplicated circuits, which constrain evolutionary paths to complex cognition. Back to the big picture, similar phase diagrams and transitions might constrain I/O and internal connectivity patterns of neural circuits at large. The formalism of statistical physics seems to be a natural framework for this worthy line of research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luís F. Seoane
- Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), CSIC, C/Darwin 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain;
- Instituto de Física Interdisciplinar y Sistemas Complejos (IFISC), CSIC-UIB, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Miletto Petrazzini ME, Sovrano VA, Vallortigara G, Messina A. Brain and Behavioral Asymmetry: A Lesson From Fish. Front Neuroanat 2020; 14:11. [PMID: 32273841 PMCID: PMC7113390 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2020.00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
It is widely acknowledged that the left and right hemispheres of human brains display both anatomical and functional asymmetries. For more than a century, brain and behavioral lateralization have been considered a uniquely human feature linked to language and handedness. However, over the past decades this idea has been challenged by an increasing number of studies describing structural asymmetries and lateralized behaviors in non-human species extending from primates to fish. Evidence suggesting that a similar pattern of brain lateralization occurs in all vertebrates, humans included, has allowed the emergence of different model systems to investigate the development of brain asymmetries and their impact on behavior. Among animal models, fish have contributed much to the research on lateralization as several fish species exhibit lateralized behaviors. For instance, behavioral studies have shown that the advantages of having an asymmetric brain, such as the ability of simultaneously processing different information and perform parallel tasks compensate the potential costs associated with poor integration of information between the two hemispheres thus helping to better understand the possible evolutionary significance of lateralization. However, these studies inferred how the two sides of the brains are differentially specialized by measuring the differences in the behavioral responses but did not allow to directly investigate the relation between anatomical and functional asymmetries. With respect to this issue, in recent years zebrafish has become a powerful model to address lateralization at different level of complexity, from genes to neural circuitry and behavior. The possibility of combining genetic manipulation of brain asymmetries with cutting-edge in vivo imaging technique and behavioral tests makes the zebrafish a valuable model to investigate the phylogeny and ontogeny of brain lateralization and its relevance for normal brain function and behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Valeria Anna Sovrano
- Center for Mind/Brain Sciences, University of Trento, Rovereto, Italy.,Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science, University of Trento, Rovereto, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Messina
- Center for Mind/Brain Sciences, University of Trento, Rovereto, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Muntsant A, Giménez-Llort L. Impact of Social Isolation on the Behavioral, Functional Profiles, and Hippocampal Atrophy Asymmetry in Dementia in Times of Coronavirus Pandemic (COVID-19): A Translational Neuroscience Approach. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:572583. [PMID: 33329110 PMCID: PMC7732415 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.572583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The impact of COVID-19 on the elderly is devastating, and nursing homes are struggling to provide the best care to the most fragile. The urgency and severity of the pandemic forces the use of segregation in restricted areas and confinement in individual rooms as desperate strategies to avoid the spread of disease and the worst-case scenario of becoming a deadly trap. The conceptualization of the post-COVID-19 era implies strong efforts to redesign all living conditions, care/rehabilitation interventions, and management of loneliness forced by social distance measures. Recently, a study of gender differences in COVID-19 found that men are more likely to suffer more severe effects of the disease and are over twice as likely to die. It is well-known that dementia is associated with increased mortality, and males have worse survival and deranged neuro-immuno-endocrine systems than females. The present study examines the impact of long-term isolation in male 3xTg-AD mice modeling advanced stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and as compared to age-matched counterparts with normal aging. We used a battery of ethological and unconditioned tests resembling several areas in nursing homes. The main findings refer to an exacerbated (two-fold increase) hyperactivity and emergence of bizarre behaviors in isolated 3xTg-AD mice, worrisome results since agitation is a challenge in the clinical management of dementia and an important cause of caregiver burden. This increase was consistently shown in gross (activity in most of the tests) and fine (thermoregulatory nesting) motor functions. Isolated animals also exhibited re-structured anxiety-like patterns and coping-with-stress strategies. Bodyweight and kidney weight loss were found in AD-phenotypes and increased by isolation. Spleen weight loss was isolation dependent. Hippocampal tau pathology was not modified, but asymmetric atrophy of the hippocampus, recently described in human patients with dementia and modeled here for the first time in an animal model of AD, was found to increase with isolation. Overall, the results show awareness of the impact of isolation in elderly patients with dementia, offering some guidance from translational neuroscience in these times of coronavirus and post-COVID-19 pandemic. They also highlight the relevance of personalized-based interventions tailored to the heterogeneous and complex clinical profile of the individuals with dementia and to consider the implications on caregiver burden.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aida Muntsant
- Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lydia Giménez-Llort
- Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Dutta CN, Christov-Moore L, Anderson A, Koch Z, Kaur P, Vasheghani-Farahani F, Douglas PK. Inter-hemispheric Asymmetry Patterns in the ADHD Brain: A Neuroimaging Replication Study. Proc SPIE Int Soc Opt Eng 2019; 11330:113301C. [PMID: 36590311 PMCID: PMC9799963 DOI: 10.1117/12.2546895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common neurodevelopment disorder in children, and many genetic markers have been linked to the behavioral phenotypes of this highly heritable disease. The neuroimaging correlates are similarly complex, with multiple combinations of structural and functional alterations associated with the disease presentations of hyperactivity and inattentiveness. Thus far, neuroimaging studies have provided mixed results in ADHD patients, particularly with respect to the laterality of findings. It is possible that hemispheric asymmetry differences may help reconcile the variability of these findings. We recently reported that inter-hemispheric asymmetry differences were more sensitive descriptors for identifying differences between ADHD and typically developing (TD) brains (n=849) across volumetric, morphometric, and white matter neuroimaging metrics. Here, we examined the replicability of these findings across a new data set (n=202) of TD and ADHD subjects at the time of diagnosis (medication naive) and after a six week course of either stimulant drugs, non-stimulant medications, or combination therapy. Our findings replicated our earlier work across a number of volumetric and white matter measures confirming that asymmetry is more robust at detecting differences between TD and ADHD brains. However, the effects of medication failed to produce significant alterations across either lateralized or symmetry measures. We suggest that the delay in brain volume maturation observed in ADHD youths may be hemisphere dependent. Future work may investigate the extent to which these inter-hemispheric asymmetry differences are causal or compensatory in nature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Zane Koch
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Medicine, UCLA
| | - Pashmeen Kaur
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Medicine, UCLA
| | | | - Pamela K. Douglas
- Modeling and Simulation Department, University of Central Florida,Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Medicine, UCLA
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Lekk I, Duboc V, Faro A, Nicolaou S, Blader P, Wilson SW. Sox1a mediates the ability of the parapineal to impart habenular left-right asymmetry. eLife 2019; 8:47376. [PMID: 31373552 PMCID: PMC6677535 DOI: 10.7554/elife.47376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Left-right asymmetries in the zebrafish habenular nuclei are dependent upon the formation of the parapineal, a unilateral group of neurons that arise from the medially positioned pineal complex. In this study, we show that both the left and right habenula are competent to adopt left-type molecular character and efferent connectivity upon the presence of only a few parapineal cells. This ability to impart left-sided character is lost in parapineal cells lacking Sox1a function, despite the normal specification of the parapineal itself. Precisely timed laser ablation experiments demonstrate that the parapineal influences neurogenesis in the left habenula at early developmental stages as well as neurotransmitter phenotype and efferent connectivity during subsequent stages of habenular differentiation. These results reveal a tight coordination between the formation of the unilateral parapineal nucleus and emergence of asymmetric habenulae, ensuring that appropriate lateralised character is propagated within left and right-sided circuitry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Lekk
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London, United Kingdom.,Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Véronique Duboc
- Centre de Biologie Intégrative (FR 3743), Centre de Biologie du Développement (UMR5547), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France.,Université Côte d'Azur, CHU, Inserm, CNRS, IRCAN, Nice, France
| | - Ana Faro
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stephanos Nicolaou
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London, United Kingdom.,Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick Blader
- Centre de Biologie Intégrative (FR 3743), Centre de Biologie du Développement (UMR5547), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - Stephen W Wilson
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Banegas I, Prieto I, Segarra AB, Martínez-Cañamero M, de Gasparo M, Ramírez-Sánchez M. Angiotensin II, dopamine and nitric oxide. An asymmetrical neurovisceral interaction between brain and plasma to regulate blood pressure. AIMS Neurosci 2019; 6:116-127. [PMID: 32341972 PMCID: PMC7179365 DOI: 10.3934/neuroscience.2019.3.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Vital functions, such as blood pressure, are regulated within a framework of neurovisceral integration in which various factors are involved under normal conditions maintaining a delicate balance. Imbalance of any of these factors can lead to various pathologies. Blood pressure control is the result of the balanced action of central and peripheral factors that increase or decrease. Special attention for blood pressure control was put on the neurovisceral interaction between Angiotensin II and the enzymes that regulate its activity as well as on nitric oxide and dopamine. Several studies have shown that such interaction is asymmetrically organized. These studies suggest that the neuronal activity related to the production of nitric oxide in plasma is also lateralized and, consequently, changes in plasma nitric oxide influence neuronal function. This observation provides a new aspect revealing the complexity of the blood pressure regulation and, undoubtedly, makes such study more motivating as it may affect the approach for treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Banegas
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - I Prieto
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - A B Segarra
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | | | - M de Gasparo
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Syndrome Adviser, Rossemaison, Switzerland
| | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Carrion‐Castillo A, Van der Haegen L, Tzourio‐Mazoyer N, Kavaklioglu T, Badillo S, Chavent M, Saracco J, Brysbaert M, Fisher SE, Mazoyer B, Francks C. Genome sequencing for rightward hemispheric language dominance. Genes Brain Behav 2019; 18:e12572. [PMID: 30950222 PMCID: PMC6850193 DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Most people have left-hemisphere dominance for various aspects of language processing, but only roughly 1% of the adult population has atypically reversed, rightward hemispheric language dominance (RHLD). The genetic-developmental program that underlies leftward language laterality is unknown, as are the causes of atypical variation. We performed an exploratory whole-genome-sequencing study, with the hypothesis that strongly penetrant, rare genetic mutations might sometimes be involved in RHLD. This was by analogy with situs inversus of the visceral organs (left-right mirror reversal of the heart, lungs and so on), which is sometimes due to monogenic mutations. The genomes of 33 subjects with RHLD were sequenced and analyzed with reference to large population-genetic data sets, as well as 34 subjects (14 left-handed) with typical language laterality. The sample was powered to detect rare, highly penetrant, monogenic effects if they would be present in at least 10 of the 33 RHLD cases and no controls, but no individual genes had mutations in more than five RHLD cases while being un-mutated in controls. A hypothesis derived from invertebrate mechanisms of left-right axis formation led to the detection of an increased mutation load, in RHLD subjects, within genes involved with the actin cytoskeleton. The latter finding offers a first, tentative insight into molecular genetic influences on hemispheric language dominance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amaia Carrion‐Castillo
- Language and Genetics DepartmentMax Planck Institute for PsycholinguisticsNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Lise Van der Haegen
- Department of Experimental PsychologyGhent Institute for Functional and Metabolic Imaging, Ghent UniversityGhentBelgium
| | - Nathalie Tzourio‐Mazoyer
- Groupe d'Imagerie Neurofonctionnelle, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomiqueet Université de BordeauxBordeauxFrance
| | - Tulya Kavaklioglu
- Language and Genetics DepartmentMax Planck Institute for PsycholinguisticsNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Solveig Badillo
- Groupe d'Imagerie Neurofonctionnelle, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomiqueet Université de BordeauxBordeauxFrance
- Institut de Mathématiques de Bordeaux, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Recherche en Informatique et Automatiqueet Université de BordeauxBordeauxFrance
| | - Marie Chavent
- Institut de Mathématiques de Bordeaux, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Recherche en Informatique et Automatiqueet Université de BordeauxBordeauxFrance
| | - Jérôme Saracco
- Institut de Mathématiques de Bordeaux, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Recherche en Informatique et Automatiqueet Université de BordeauxBordeauxFrance
| | - Marc Brysbaert
- Department of Experimental PsychologyGhent Institute for Functional and Metabolic Imaging, Ghent UniversityGhentBelgium
| | - Simon E. Fisher
- Language and Genetics DepartmentMax Planck Institute for PsycholinguisticsNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and BehaviourRadboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Bernard Mazoyer
- Groupe d'Imagerie Neurofonctionnelle, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomiqueet Université de BordeauxBordeauxFrance
| | - Clyde Francks
- Language and Genetics DepartmentMax Planck Institute for PsycholinguisticsNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and BehaviourRadboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Wasserman LI, Cherednikova TV, Wasserman EL, Wasserman MV, Shchelkova OY, Solovyova EV. [Psychological assessment of visual hemispatial neglect: standardization and approbation of the modified digit cancellation test]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2019; 118:45-51. [PMID: 29560941 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro20181182145-51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
AIM To study the phenomena of visual-hemispatial neglect in healthy people and patients with brain diseases of different genesis. MATERIAL AND METHODS Eighty-eight patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders, 68 patients with exogenous organic brain diseases and 240 healthy adults of different age were included in the study. The digit cancellation test modified by the authors was used. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION The validity of the modified digit cancellation test was approved and its age standards were obtained. In healthy right-handed people, there was the bias of attention focus to the left, the decrease of asymmetry intensity of visual-spatial inattention during physiological aging and the presence of some clinical peculiarities of neglect in schizophrenia spectrum disorders and lateralized organic damages of the brain. This variant of the test can be recommended for practical use as the sensitive psychometric tool.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L I Wasserman
- St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia; Bekhterev St. Petersburg Psychoneurological Research Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - T V Cherednikova
- Frunzensky District Psychoneurological Dipensary, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - E L Wasserman
- St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia; Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, St. Petersburg, Russia; St. Petersburg Institute for Informatics and Automation, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - M V Wasserman
- Bekhterev St. Petersburg Psychoneurological Research Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia; St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - O Yu Shchelkova
- St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia; Bekhterev St. Petersburg Psychoneurological Research Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Abdolmaleky HM, Gower AC, Wong CK, Cox JW, Zhang X, Thiagalingam A, Shafa R, Sivaraman V, Zhou JR, Thiagalingam S. Aberrant transcriptomes and DNA methylomes define pathways that drive pathogenesis and loss of brain laterality/asymmetry in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2019; 180:138-149. [PMID: 30468562 PMCID: PMC6386618 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Although the loss of brain laterality is one of the most consistent modalities in schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar disorder (BD), its molecular basis remains elusive. Our limited previous studies indicated that epigenetic modifications are key to the asymmetric transcriptomes of brain hemispheres. We used whole-genome expression microarrays to profile postmortem brain samples from subjects with SCZ, psychotic BD [BD[+]] or non-psychotic BD [BD(-)], or matched controls (10/group) and performed whole-genome DNA methylation (DNAM) profiling of the same samples (3-4/group) to identify pathways associated with SCZ or BD[+] and genes/sites susceptible to epigenetic regulation. qRT-PCR and quantitative DNAM analysis were employed to validate findings in larger sample sets (35/group). Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) demonstrated that BMP signaling and astrocyte and cerebral cortex development are significantly (FDR q < 0.25) coordinately upregulated in both SCZ and BD[+], and glutamate signaling and TGFβ signaling are significantly coordinately upregulated in SCZ. GSEA also indicated that collagens are downregulated in right versus left brain of controls, but not in SCZ or BD[+] patients. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis predicted that TGFB2 is an upstream regulator of these genes (p = .0012). While lateralized expression of TGFB2 in controls (p = .017) is associated with a corresponding change in DNAM (p ≤ .023), lateralized expression and DNAM of TGFB2 are absent in SCZ or BD. Loss of brain laterality in SCZ and BD corresponds to aberrant epigenetic regulation of TGFB2 and changes in TGFβ signaling, indicating potential avenues for disease prevention/treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Mostafavi Abdolmaleky
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA,Nutrition/Metabolism Laboratory, BIDMC, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA,Corresponding Authors: Hamid Mostafavi Abdolmaleky () and Sam Thiagalingam ()
| | - Adam Chapin Gower
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Chen Khuan Wong
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA,Genetics & Genomics Graduate Program, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Jiayi Wu Cox
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA,Bioinformatics Graduate Program, Boston University, Boston, MA
| | - Xiaoling Zhang
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Arunthathi Thiagalingam
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | | | - Vadivelu Sivaraman
- Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Jin-Rong Zhou
- Nutrition/Metabolism Laboratory, BIDMC, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Sam Thiagalingam
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA,Genetics & Genomics Graduate Program, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA,Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA,Corresponding Authors: Hamid Mostafavi Abdolmaleky () and Sam Thiagalingam ()
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Baciadonna L, Nawroth C, Briefer EF, McElligott AG. Perceptual lateralization of vocal stimuli in goats. Curr Zool 2019; 65:67-74. [PMID: 30697240 PMCID: PMC6347058 DOI: 10.1093/cz/zoy022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional asymmetries, for example, the preferential involvement of 1 brain hemisphere to process stimuli, may increase brain efficiency and the capacity to carry out tasks simultaneously. We investigated which hemisphere was primarily involved in processing acoustic stimuli in goats using a head-orienting paradigm. Three playbacks using goat vocalizations recorded in different contexts: food anticipation (positive), isolation (negative), food frustration (negative), as well as 1 playback involving dog barks (negative) were presented on the left and right sides of the test subjects simultaneously. The head-orienting response (left or right) and latency to resume feeding were recorded. The direction of the head-orienting response did not differ between the various playbacks. However, when the head-orienting response was tested against chance level, goats showed a right bias regardless of the stimuli presented. Goats responded more to dog barks than to food frustration calls, whereas responses to food anticipation and isolation calls were intermediate. In addition, the latency to resume feeding, an indicator of fear reaction, was not affected by the kind of vocalization presented. These results provide evidence for asymmetries in goat vocal perception of emotional-linked conspecific and heterospecific calls. They also suggest involvement of the left brain hemisphere for processing acoustic stimuli, which might have been perceived as familiar and non-threatening.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Baciadonna
- Biological and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, UK
| | - Christian Nawroth
- Biological and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, UK
- Institute of Behavioural Physiology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Elodie F Briefer
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zürich, Universitätstrasse 2, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Alan G McElligott
- Biological and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, UK
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Roehampton, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Butt M, Espinal E, Aupperle RL, Nikulina V, Stewart JL. The Electrical Aftermath: Brain Signals of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Filtered Through a Clinical Lens. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:368. [PMID: 31214058 PMCID: PMC6555259 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This review aims to identify patterns of electrical signals identified using electroencephalography (EEG) linked to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) diagnosis and symptom dimensions. We filter EEG findings through a clinical lens, evaluating nuances in findings according to study criteria and participant characteristics. Within the EEG frequency domain, greater right than left parietal asymmetry in alpha band power is the most promising marker of PTSD symptoms and is linked to exaggerated physiological arousal that may impair filtering of environmental distractors. The most consistent findings within the EEG time domain focused on event related potentials (ERPs) include: 1) exaggerated frontocentral responses (contingent negative variation, mismatch negativity, and P3a amplitudes) to task-irrelevant distractors, and 2) attenuated parietal responses (P3b amplitudes) to task-relevant target stimuli. These findings suggest that some individuals with PTSD suffer from attention dysregulation, which could contribute to problems concentrating on daily tasks and goals in lieu of threatening distractors. Future research investigating the utility of alpha asymmetry and frontoparietal ERPs as diagnostic and predictive biomarkers or intervention targets are recommended.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mamona Butt
- Department of Psychology, Queens College, City University of New York, Flushing, NY, United States
| | - Elizabeth Espinal
- Department of Psychology, Queens College, City University of New York, Flushing, NY, United States
| | - Robin L Aupperle
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, United States.,Department of Community Medicine, Oxley College of Health Sciences, University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, United States
| | - Valentina Nikulina
- Department of Psychology, Queens College, City University of New York, Flushing, NY, United States.,Department of Psychology, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jennifer L Stewart
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, United States.,Department of Community Medicine, Oxley College of Health Sciences, University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, United States
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
McManus C. Half a century of handedness research: Myths, truths; fictions, facts; backwards, but mostly forwards. Brain Neurosci Adv 2019; 3:2398212818820513. [PMID: 32166178 PMCID: PMC7058267 DOI: 10.1177/2398212818820513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Although most people are right-handed and have language in their left cerebral hemisphere, why that is so, and in particular why about ten per cent of people are left-handed, is far from clear. Multiple theories have been proposed, often with little in the way of empirical support, and sometimes indeed with strong evidence against them, and yet despite that have become modern urban myths, probably due to the symbolic power of right and left. One thinks in particular of ideas of being right-brained or left-brained, of suggestions that left-handedness is due to perinatal brain damage, of claims that left-handers die seven years earlier than right-handers, and of the unfalsifiable ramifications of the byzantine Geschwind-Behan-Galaburda theory. This article looks back over the past fifty years of research on brain asymmetries, exploring the different themes and approaches, sometimes in relation to the author's own work. Taking all of the work together it is probable that cerebral asymmetries are under genetic control, probably with multiple genetic loci, only a few of which are now beginning to be found thanks to very large databases that are becoming available. Other progress is also seen in proper meta-analyses, the use of fMRI for studying multiple functional lateralisations in large number of individuals, fetal ultra-sound for assessing handedness before birth, and fascinating studies of lateralisation in an ever widening range of animal species. With luck the next fifty years will make more progress and show fewer false directions than had much of the work in the previous fifty years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chris McManus
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Abstract
The original approach of the Hemispheric Encoding/Retrieval Asymmetry model (HERA) was aimed at the operations of encoding and retrieving episodic memories. However, whether HERA presumptions can apply to different types of stimuli (e.g., words and pictures) continues to be a matter of debate. Therefore, in order to analyse the effects of brain pre-activation on subsequent memory, HERA was tested through a hand-clenching paradigm using four types of stimuli: words, fractal images, silhouettes of common objects, and pseudowords. Results revealed that only the memory of words and pseudowords was enhanced by hand-clenching pre-activation, according to HERA predictions. Since the cognitive processes underlying recognition of verbal stimuli are considered to follow a cognitive route involving grapheme-morpheme conversion, it could be hypothesized that hand-clenching pre-activation might be associated with a selective pre-activation of the brain circuits participating in that pathway. Hence, the present work broadens possible interpretations behind the effects of hand-clenching on memory, based on the process engaged and the type of stimulus to be remembered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Mario Andreau
- a Instituto de Investigación, Facultad de Psicología y Psicopedagogía , Universidad del Salvador , Buenos Aires , Argentina.,b Laboratorio de Biología del Comportamiento , Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME) , Buenos Aires , Argentina
| | - Santiago Torres Batán
- a Instituto de Investigación, Facultad de Psicología y Psicopedagogía , Universidad del Salvador , Buenos Aires , Argentina.,b Laboratorio de Biología del Comportamiento , Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME) , Buenos Aires , Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Kong XZ, Mathias SR, Guadalupe T, Glahn DC, Franke B, Crivello F, Tzourio-Mazoyer N, Fisher SE, Thompson PM, Francks C; ENIGMA Laterality Working Group. Mapping cortical brain asymmetry in 17,141 healthy individuals worldwide via the ENIGMA Consortium. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E5154-63. [PMID: 29764998 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1718418115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemispheric asymmetry is a cardinal feature of human brain organization. Altered brain asymmetry has also been linked to some cognitive and neuropsychiatric disorders. Here, the ENIGMA (Enhancing NeuroImaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis) Consortium presents the largest-ever analysis of cerebral cortical asymmetry and its variability across individuals. Cortical thickness and surface area were assessed in MRI scans of 17,141 healthy individuals from 99 datasets worldwide. Results revealed widespread asymmetries at both hemispheric and regional levels, with a generally thicker cortex but smaller surface area in the left hemisphere relative to the right. Regionally, asymmetries of cortical thickness and/or surface area were found in the inferior frontal gyrus, transverse temporal gyrus, parahippocampal gyrus, and entorhinal cortex. These regions are involved in lateralized functions, including language and visuospatial processing. In addition to population-level asymmetries, variability in brain asymmetry was related to sex, age, and intracranial volume. Interestingly, we did not find significant associations between asymmetries and handedness. Finally, with two independent pedigree datasets (n = 1,443 and 1,113, respectively), we found several asymmetries showing significant, replicable heritability. The structural asymmetries identified and their variabilities and heritability provide a reference resource for future studies on the genetic basis of brain asymmetry and altered laterality in cognitive, neurological, and psychiatric disorders.
Collapse
|
48
|
Fanciullacci C, Bertolucci F, Lamola G, Panarese A, Artoni F, Micera S, Rossi B, Chisari C. Delta Power Is Higher and More Symmetrical in Ischemic Stroke Patients with Cortical Involvement. Front Hum Neurosci 2017; 11:385. [PMID: 28804453 PMCID: PMC5532374 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2017.00385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
A brain injury resulting from unilateral stroke critically alters brain functionality and the complex balance within the cortical activity. Such modifications may critically depend on lesion location and cortical involvement. Indeed, recent findings pointed out the necessity of applying a stratification based on lesion location when investigating inter-hemispheric balance in stroke. Here, we tested whether cortical involvement could imply differences in band-specific activity and brain symmetry in post stroke patients with cortico-subcortical and subcortical strokes. We explored brain activity related to lesion location through EEG power analysis and quantitative Electroencephalography (qEEG) measures. Thirty stroke patients in the subacute phase and 10 neurologically intact age-matched right-handed subjects were enrolled. Stroke patients were equally subdivided in two groups based on lesion location: cortico-subcortical (CS, mean age ± SD: 72.21 ± 10.97 years; time since stroke ± SD: 31.14 ± 11.73 days) and subcortical (S, mean age ± SD: 68.92 ± 10.001 years; time since stroke ± SD: 26.93 ± 13.08 days) group. We assessed patients’ neurological status by means of National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). High density EEG at rest was recorded and power spectral analysis in Delta (1–4 Hz) and Alpha (8–14 Hz) bands was performed. qEEG metrics as pairwise derived Brain Symmetry Index (pdBSI) and Delta/Alpha Ratio (DAR) were computed and correlated with NIHSS score. S showed a lower Delta power in the Unaffected Hemisphere (UH) compared to Affected Hemisphere (AH; z = −1.98, p < 0.05) and a higher Alpha power compared to CS (z = −2.18, p < 0.05). pdBSI was negatively correlated with NIHSS (R = −0.59, p < 0.05). CS showed a higher value and symmetrical distribution of Delta band activity (z = −2.37, p < 0.05), confirmed also by a higher DAR value compared to S (z = −2.48, p < 0.05). Patients with cortico-subcortical and subcortical lesions show different brain symmetry in the subacute phase. Interestingly, in subcortical stroke patient brain activity is related with the clinical function. qEEG measures can be explicative of brain activity related to lesion location and they could allow precise definition of diagnostic-therapeutic algorithms in stroke patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Fanciullacci
- Neurorehabilitation Unit, University Hospital of PisaUniversity of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.,The BioRobotic Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'AnnaPisa, Italy
| | - Federica Bertolucci
- Neurorehabilitation Unit, University Hospital of PisaUniversity of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lamola
- Neurorehabilitation Unit, University Hospital of PisaUniversity of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Fiorenzo Artoni
- The BioRobotic Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'AnnaPisa, Italy
| | - Silvestro Micera
- The BioRobotic Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'AnnaPisa, Italy.,Translational Neuroengineering Lab, School of Engineering, École Polytechnique Fèdèrale de LausanneLausanne, Switzerland
| | - Bruno Rossi
- Neurorehabilitation Unit, University Hospital of PisaUniversity of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Carmelo Chisari
- Neurorehabilitation Unit, University Hospital of PisaUniversity of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Duboué ER, Hong E, Eldred KC, Halpern ME. Left Habenular Activity Attenuates Fear Responses in Larval Zebrafish. Curr Biol 2017; 27:2154-2162.e3. [PMID: 28712566 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2017.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Fear responses are defensive states that ensure survival of an organism in the presence of a threat. Perception of an aversive cue causes changes in behavior and physiology, such as freezing and elevated cortisol, followed by a return to the baseline state when the threat is evaded [1]. Neural systems that elicit fear behaviors include the amygdala, hippocampus, and medial prefrontal cortex. However, aside from a few examples, little is known about brain regions that promote recovery from an aversive event [2]. Previous studies had implicated the dorsal habenular nuclei in regulating fear responses and boldness in zebrafish [3-7]. We now show, through perturbation of its inherent left-right (L-R) asymmetry at larval stages, that the dorsal habenulo-interpeduncular (dHb-IPN) pathway expedites the return of locomotor activity following an unexpected negative stimulus, electric shock. Severing habenular efferents to the IPN, or only those from the left dHb, prolongs the freezing behavior that follows shock. Individuals with a symmetric, right-isomerized dHb also exhibit increased freezing. In contrast, larvae that have a symmetric, left-isomerized dHb, or in which just the left dHb-IPN projection is optogenetically activated, rapidly resume swimming post shock. In vivo calcium imaging reveals a neuronal subset, predominantly in the left dHb, whose activation is correlated with resumption of swimming. The results demonstrate functional specialization of the left dHb-IPN pathway in attenuating the response to fear.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erik R Duboué
- Department of Embryology, Carnegie Institution for Science, 3520 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Elim Hong
- Department of Embryology, Carnegie Institution for Science, 3520 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Kiara C Eldred
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Marnie E Halpern
- Department of Embryology, Carnegie Institution for Science, 3520 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Abstract
In the vast clade of animals known as the bilateria, cerebral and behavioral asymmetries emerge against the backdrop of bilateral symmetry, with a functional trade-off between the two. Asymmetries can lead to more efficient processing and packaging of internal structures, but at the expense of efficient adaptation to a natural world without systematic left-right bias. Asymmetries may arise through the fissioning of ancestral structures that are largely symmetrical, creating new circuits. In humans these may include asymmetrical adaptations to language and manufacture, and as one or other hemisphere gains dominance for functions that were previously represented bilaterally. This is best illustrated in the evolution of such functions as language and tool manufacture in humans, which may derive from the mirror-neuron system in primates, but similar principles probably apply to the many other asymmetries now evident in a wide range of animals. Asymmetries arise in largely independent manner with multi-genetic sources, rather than as a single over-riding principle.
Collapse
|