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Li Z, Guo WY. Pre-service teachers' altruistic motivation for choosing teaching as a career: where does it come from? Front Psychol 2024; 15:1334470. [PMID: 38629044 PMCID: PMC11020075 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1334470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aims to examine the factors influencing pre-service teachers' altruistic motivation for selecting their profession within a Chinese educational setting. Drawing on existing research, a three-element (social-cognitive, emotional, and realistic) model is integrated to explore how pre-service teachers' altruistic motivations are formed and evolved. Utilizing this model, interview data from 18 students enrolled in the Chinese Free Teacher Education program were collected and analyzed by thematic analysis. The findings indicate that social-cognitive factors impact altruistic motivation through engagement with social issues and reflections on practical educational challenges. The emotional factor is manifested through the participants' positive and negative emotions. The realistic factor comprises familial influences and personal career preferences, which play a role in the decision to pursue teaching as a lifelong vocation. This study proposes a structured and functional model that can serve as a foundation for future research into the development of altruistic motivation. It also offers insights into nurturing altruistic motivation among both pre-service and practicing teachers in their career decision-making process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuotong Li
- School of Philosophy and Social Development, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
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Pershad AR, Kidwai MS, Lugo CA, Lee E, Tummala N, Thakkar P. Factors Influencing Underrepresented Medical Students' Career Choice in Surgical Subspecialties. Laryngoscope 2024; 134:1498-1506. [PMID: 37787431 DOI: 10.1002/lary.31094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Surgical subspecialties rank among the least racially and gender diverse of the medical specialties. The purpose of this systematic review is to evaluate the current factors that influence female, gender and sexual minority (GSM), and underrepresented in medicine (URiM)-identifying medical students' decision to pursue a career in a surgical subspecialty. DATA SOURCES A structured literature search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Medline was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Criteria for eligibility included surveys and interviews assessing factors and barriers influencing underrepresented medical students' career choices. REVIEW METHODS Two independent researchers screened the articles' titles and abstracts for relevance; three performed full-text reviews. RESULTS Of 343 studies identified, 17 met the inclusion criteria. Fourteen (82%) were survey-based studies; three (18%) were qualitative interviews. Represented minorities included females (14), URiM (13), and GSM (4). Female medical students were most influenced by (1) exposure to surgery, (2) mentorship, and (3) surgical lifestyle. URiM medical students were most influenced by (1) mentorship, (2) culture and diversity, (3) research opportunities, and (4) personality fit. GSM medical students were most influenced by identity acceptance and instances of discrimination and bias. CONCLUSIONS Our review provides granular data on positive and negative factors influencing career choice among underrepresented medical students to facilitate the development of a more diverse surgical workforce. Female medical students were more positively influenced by increased exposure to surgical subspecialties, whereas URiM medical students were more positively influenced by race-concordant mentorship. Laryngoscope, 134:1498-1506, 2024.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisha R Pershad
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Mohammad S Kidwai
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Ciara A Lugo
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Esther Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Neelima Tummala
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Punam Thakkar
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
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Pfarrwaller E, Prasad P, De Lucia S, Haller DM. Feasibility and acceptability of a primary care mentoring programme for undergraduate students. Educ Prim Care 2024:1-8. [PMID: 38533725 DOI: 10.1080/14739879.2024.2330999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Mentoring plays a crucial role in increasing the attractiveness of primary care careers for medical students. Based on a literature review and structured group discussions, the authors developed a primary care mentoring platform centred on undergraduate medical students' needs. All second- to sixth-year students were invited to enrol into the programme by choosing a mentor from an online platform, which was pilot tested during one academic year (2021-2022) with 16 mentors. Fifteen mentees enrolled into the pilot programme. The evaluation assessed the procedures' feasibility as well as the student-centeredness and acceptability of the programme. Mentees completed a quantitative survey evaluating satisfaction and the mentoring relationship's personal and content aspects. Mentors' feedback was collected during focus groups discussing the programme's acceptability and practical aspects. Both mentees and mentors expressed high levels of satisfaction with the programme. Mentees rated their mentoring relationships highly across most aspects. Mentees' content-related needs included postgraduate training, meeting an inspiring person, work-life balance, and questions about running a private practice. Mentors described the programme as a rewarding experience. They enjoyed the flexible structure that allowed them to adapt to the mentees' individual needs. Maintaining the relationship was mostly the mentors' responsibility. Further structured guidance from the programme coordinators was identified as potentially beneficial for future implementation. The findings highlight the feasibility and the advantages of a flexible, student-centred mentoring programme. The programme attracted students interested in primary care from all levels of undergraduate education. Such programmes may contribute to fostering students' interest in primary care careers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Pfarrwaller
- Faculty of Medicine, University Institute for Primary Care, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Pawan Prasad
- Faculty of Medicine, University Institute for Primary Care, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Division of Primary Care, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sylvain De Lucia
- Faculty of Medicine, University Institute for Primary Care, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Division of Primary Care, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Dagmar M Haller
- Faculty of Medicine, University Institute for Primary Care, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Division of Primary Care, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
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Talman K, Mäntylä H, Hupli M, Pasanen M, Haavisto E. Nursing applicants' desire to work in nursing and related factors: a cross-sectional study. Contemp Nurse 2024:1-12. [PMID: 38512986 DOI: 10.1080/10376178.2024.2327355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The desire to work in the nursing profession has recently been identified as an important aspect to consider in the selection process of nursing students but very little is known about nursing applicants' or students' desire to work in nursing. AIMS The study aimed to describe and explain the desire of undergraduate nursing applicants to work in nursing. DESIGN A cross-sectional study design. METHODS The Desire to Work in Nursing Instrument was used to collect the data. All nursing applicants (N = 974) who took part in an entrance examination organised in six Universities in October 2018 were eligible to participate. Eight Hundred and Forty-one applicants (response rate 86%, 102 males) participated in the study. Statistical analysis included the use of descriptive statistics and linear regression was used to assess if dependent variables explained the observed outcomes. RESULTS A strong desire to work in nursing was demonstrated in all the four areas. The most common reason to desire this work was suitability to nursing and the nature of work, and the least common was the career opportunities. Gender, previous education, and a realistic image best explain the desire. CONCLUSIONS The assessment of desire to work in nursing may assist career choice of nursing applicants, and may enhance recruitment and retention in nursing education. Applicants need to be more aware of the career development possibilities. Further studies are needed to investigate if the desire to work in nursing is different to men than to women to inform recruitment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsi Talman
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Turku, Medisiina B, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Henna Mäntylä
- WinNova (vocational education), Steniuksenkatu 8, 26100 Rauma, Finland
| | - Maija Hupli
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Turku, Medisiina B, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Miko Pasanen
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Turku, Medisiina B, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Elina Haavisto
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Turku, Medisiina B, 20014 Turku, Finland
- Hospital District of Satakunta, Sairaalantie 3, 28500 Pori, Finland
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Kane T, Ford J, Al Saady RM, Vranic S, Musa OAH, Suliman S. What Matters Most: Determinants Associated with the Selection of Medical Residencies in Qatar. Adv Med Educ Pract 2024; 15:141-151. [PMID: 38434442 PMCID: PMC10909370 DOI: 10.2147/amep.s429758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Purpose There have been several studies into medical student career decision making in occidental countries (eg US, UK), but medical career selection in a Middle Eastern context has not been as well studied. This study aims to explore determinants underpinning medical students' residency choice in Qatar. Patients and methods During the Fall semester of the 2022-2023 academic year, all (n=358) medical students from the College of Medicine at Qatar University were invited to participate in an online explorative questionnaire about students' career choices and the factors determining their selection. Results Of the 358 students, 184 responded (51%). Respondents had a mean age of 20 years; the majority were female (73.9%), Qatari (54.3%), unmarried (97.3%), and enrolled in a pre-clerkship year (55.0%). The most important career determinant was specialty-specific factors. The relative importance of other determinants differed by gender and stage of training. Among our respondents, male students were more likely to rate role models and influencers as being important to their choice, while female students and Qatari students overall were more likely to cite societal obligation. Medical students in Qatar seemed to have career preferences in mind upon entry into medical education. Later-year students were more likely to identify the importance of work-life balance and place of practice, but were less likely to rank prestige and income as an important determinant. Conclusion The results of this baseline study suggest that socioeconomic and cultural context influence medical student career decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya Kane
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Jason Ford
- Department of Pathology, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Semir Vranic
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Omran A H Musa
- Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Shireen Suliman
- Medicine Department, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- School of Health Professions Education, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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Leshno A, Shalev D, Landau Prat D. Ophthalmic exam and ophthalmology residents' subspecialty preference. Int J Ophthalmol 2024; 17:359-364. [PMID: 38371249 PMCID: PMC10827627 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2024.02.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM To evaluate residents' perceptions and attitudes toward the various aspects of a comprehensive ophthalmic examination, and to determine if these factors correlate with their choices for fellowship and future career plans. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study. A questionnaire on the perception of the ophthalmic exam was sent via SurveyMonkey to ophthalmology residents throughout Israel. Eighty of them (one-half of all ophthalmology residents in 2019) completed it. The first part related to how they perceived each component of the ophthalmic evaluation. The second part related to their future fellowship plans. The Chi-squared test was used to compare categorical variables and Student's t-test and One-way ANOVA were used to compare continuous variables. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was applied as needed to detect interactions between variables and to exclude confounder effects. RESULTS Slit-lamp examination of the anterior and posterior segments ranked as the most likeable aspects, whereas gonioscopy, ocular motility examination and visual acuity assessment were least likeable. Anterior segment and retina subspecialties were the ones most sought after. Forty-nine respondents (61.3%) noted a direct correlation between their preferred parts of comprehensive ophthalmic evaluations and their choice of subspecialty. Perceptions of selected components of those evaluations were significantly associated with responders' intentions to pursue anterior segment, retina, or oculoplastic fellowships (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Perspectives of residents toward the ophthalmic examination, and most specifically its individual components, play an important role in their choice of subspecialty training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ari Leshno
- Goldschleger Eye Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 5262000, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Daf Shalev
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- Department of Ophthalmology, Edith Wolfson Medical Center, Holon 5822012, Israel
| | - Daphna Landau Prat
- Goldschleger Eye Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 5262000, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
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Kilic E, Cetin-Kilic N, Tatar B. How changing work and family demands during COVID-19 (De)motivated academic parents to craft sustainable careers? Work 2024:WOR230164. [PMID: 38363627 DOI: 10.3233/wor-230164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Covid-19 has introduced many contextual changes into individuals' work and family lives, affecting their career sustainability. Although previous studies have provided evidence for these changes, little is known about how changing contextual demands (de)motivated them to take proactive initiatives for crafting sustainable careers. OBJECTIVE This study aims to explore how changing work and family demands of academic parents during Covid-19 affected their career sustainability indicators and career initiatives regarding health, happiness, and productivity. METHODS Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 21 academic parents during the post-lockdown period of Covid-19 in Turkey. We analyzed the qualitative data by using content analysis via MAXQDA software. RESULTS Results revealed differing career sustainability experiences and initiatives regarding gender roles, career stage, and work/family demands and resources. Notably, women academics with higher contextual demands and lower contextual resources and early-career academics reported relatively adverse experiences concerning their health, happiness, and productivity. Besides, even though early-career academics faced problems with sustaining their career development, they were relatively more oriented to engage in career initiatives, such as reorganizing developmental needs, improving career skills, and seeking career support and guidance. CONCLUSIONS This study sheds light on the context, time, and person aspects of sustainable careers during Covid-19. Moreover, the study represents one of the first investigations into the proactive initiatives for crafting sustainable careers during the pandemic and provides a deeper insight into the (de)motivators for career proactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eren Kilic
- Department of Management, Gebze Technical University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Nergiz Cetin-Kilic
- Department of Management and Organization, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Berivan Tatar
- Department of Management, Gebze Technical University, Kocaeli, Turkey
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AlJameel AH, Talakey AA, AlFarhan G, Qadoumi M, AlNowaiser N, AlShibani Y, AlMalki S. Perceived stress among dental students and the role of parental influence in career decision-making. J Dent Educ 2024. [PMID: 38348920 DOI: 10.1002/jdd.13494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The current study aimed to assess perceived stress levels among dental students at Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, and to explore the influence of parental roles in their decision to pursue dentistry as a potential source of social stress. METHODS This cross-sectional study employed the validated Dental Environmental Stress (DES) Scale to evaluate perceived stress, and incorporated additional questions to fulfill the research aim. We approached all undergraduate dental students at King Saud University, both male and female, across all academic years, using online channels (such as emails, WhatsApp, Twitter, etc.) and hard copy distribution. Data collected were analyzed using SPSS version 20, utilizing descriptive and correlation statistics. RESULTS A total of 326 students participated in the study, with an even distribution of male and female students. Female students reported higher levels of stress compared to their male counterparts across most DES domains. A notable correlation emerged between mean DES scores in certain domains and influence of parents in the decision to pursue dentistry. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that female dental students experience higher stress levels than males in all examined areas, barring social stressors. Furthermore, the study underscores the significant impact of parental involvement in choosing dentistry as a career on students' stress level.
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Affiliation(s)
- AlBandary H AlJameel
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arwa A Talakey
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Majd Qadoumi
- College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Norah AlNowaiser
- College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yara AlShibani
- College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan AlMalki
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin AbdulAziz, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Simpson O, Bennett CL, Whitcombe SW. Student nurse retention. Lived experience of mature female students on a UK Bachelor of Nursing (Adult) programme: An interpretative phenomenological analysis. J Adv Nurs 2024. [PMID: 38332481 DOI: 10.1111/jan.16082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
AIMS To explore the lived experiences of mature female students undertaking a Bachelor of Nursing (Adult) programme in the UK, to gain insight into the challenges and barriers faced by students and investigate the factors that support students who have considered leaving, to stay and continue with their studies. BACKGROUND There is a global shortage of nurses and challenges exist in ensuring that enough nurses are available to provide care in the complex and rapidly changing care environments. Initiatives introduced to increase the number of Registered Nurses (RN), include increasing the number of students enrolled on pre-registration nursing programmes. However, the success of this intervention is contingent on the number of students who go on to complete their course. DESIGN This qualitative study employed Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA), which provided a methodological framework and analytical approach to enable an exploration of participants' individual and shared lived experiences. METHODS Eight female, mature students at the end of their second year of a Bachelor of Nursing (Adult) programme at a Higher Education Institution in South Wales participated in semi-structured, face-to-face interviews, which were analysed idiographically before group-level analysis was undertaken. FINDINGS The analysis revealed three superordinate themes: 'Ambition to become a Registered Nurse'; 'Jugging Roles' and 'Particular Support Needs for a Particular Student'. CONCLUSION Each student had a unique history, their past and present social and psychological experiences were multifaceted and complex. These differences resulted in varying degrees of resilience and motivations to continue their studies. These findings are important for ensuring that services develop and provide effective support to maximize retention and, ultimately, increase the number of students entering the RN workforce. PATIENT OF PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION No patient or public contribution. IMPACT STATEMENT This research expands on current literature regarding the needs of mature female students, a growing student nurse demographic. Every student had a dynamic set of circumstances and demonstrated that the identification of 'at-risk' students, purely based on demographics or information on a Curriculum Vitae, is problematic and potentially futile. This knowledge could be used to tailor University support systems and inform curriculum development and support systems for maximizing student retention. These findings are important for ensuring that services continue to develop and provide effective support to maximize retention and completion and, ultimately, increase the number of students entering the Nursing and Midwifery Council register.
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Affiliation(s)
- Owena Simpson
- Professional Lead Education (Quality Assurance), Royal College of Nursing, London, UK
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Education, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, UK
- School of Healthcare Sciences, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Clare L Bennett
- School of Healthcare Sciences, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Steven W Whitcombe
- School of Healthcare Sciences, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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Abbiati M, Nendaz MR, Cerutti B, Brodmann Mäder M, Spinas GA, Vicente Alvarez D, Teodoro D, Savoldelli GL, Bajwa NM. Exploring Medical Career Choice to Better Inform Swiss Physician Workforce Planning: Protocol for a National Cohort Study. JMIR Res Protoc 2024; 13:e53138. [PMID: 38231561 PMCID: PMC10831588 DOI: 10.2196/53138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A medical student's career choice directly influences the physician workforce shortage and the misdistribution of resources. First, individual and contextual factors related to career choice have been evaluated separately, but their interaction over time is unclear. Second, actual career choice, reasons for this choice, and the influence of national political strategies are currently unknown in Switzerland. OBJECTIVE The overall objective of this study is to better understand the process of Swiss medical students' career choice and to predict this choice. Our specific aims will be to examine the predominately static (ie, sociodemographic and personality traits) and predominately dynamic (ie, learning context perceptions, anxiety state, motivation, and motives for career choice) variables that predict the career choice of Swiss medical school students, as well as their interaction, and to examine the evolution of Swiss medical students' career choice and their ultimate career path, including an international comparison with French medical students. METHODS The Swiss Medical Career Choice study is a national, multi-institution, and longitudinal study in which all medical students at all medical schools in Switzerland are eligible to participate. Data will be collected over 4 years for 4 cohorts of medical students using questionnaires in years 4 and 6. We will perform a follow-up during postgraduate training year 2 for medical graduates between 2018 and 2022. We will compare the different Swiss medical schools and a French medical school (the University of Strasbourg Faculty of Medicine). We will also examine the effect of new medical master's programs in terms of career choice and location of practice. For aim 2, in collaboration with the Swiss Institute for Medical Education, we will implement a national career choice tracking system and identify the final career choice of 2 cohorts of medical students who graduated from 4 Swiss medical schools from 2010 to 2012. We will also develop a model to predict their final career choice. Data analysis will be conducted using inferential statistics, and machine learning approaches will be used to refine the predictive model. RESULTS This study was funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation in January 2023. Recruitment began in May 2023. Data analysis will begin after the completion of the first cohort data collection. CONCLUSIONS Our research will inform national stakeholders and medical schools on the prediction of students' future career choice and on key aspects of physician workforce planning. We will identify targeted actions that may be implemented during medical school and may ultimately influence career choice and encourage the correct number of physicians in the right specialties to fulfill the needs of currently underserved regions. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/53138.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Abbiati
- Unit of Development and Research in Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Mathieu R Nendaz
- Unit of Development and Research in Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Bernard Cerutti
- Unit of Development and Research in Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Monika Brodmann Mäder
- Swiss Institute for Medical Education, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University Hospital Bern, Bern University, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - David Vicente Alvarez
- Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Douglas Teodoro
- Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Georges L Savoldelli
- Unit of Development and Research in Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Division of Anesthesia, Department of Anesthesiology, Clinical Pharmacology, Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nadia M Bajwa
- Unit of Development and Research in Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Women, Children, and Adolescents, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
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Edebal Z, Doğan S. The self-perceived competency of dental students about contagious diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic and its effect on their career plans. ADV CLIN EXP MED 2024; 33:53-60. [PMID: 37248822 DOI: 10.17219/acem/166045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dentistry is reported as a very-high-risk profession for COVID-19 contagion. A lack of face-to-face education and poor information during the COVID-19 pandemic may have impacted dental students. OBJECTIVES We aimed to evaluate the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on career plans and self-perception of knowledge levels in undergraduate dental students. MATERIAL AND METHODS In this multicenter cross-sectional study, a multiple-choice survey was completed by dental students of Near East University (NEU) in North Nicosia and University of Kyrenia (UoK) in the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC), and Erciyes University (ERU) in Kayseri, Turkey, in 2020. The χ2 tests were used to determine statistically significant differences. RESULTS Of the 755 students that participated in the study, 66% declared fear of being at risk for contagion. More than half of the students reported not having sufficient knowledge about occupational infections and methods for protection, and the percentages were significantly higher in female and preclinical students. Utilization of credible publications, guidelines (57% compared to 34%, p < 0.001) and online education (19% compared to 8%, p < 0.001) were significantly higher in students claiming to have adequate knowledge. Eleven percent of the students thought about dropping out of dental education because of the COVID-19 pandemic. These students exhibited a markedly increased fear of being at risk for contagion because of the COVID-19 pandemic (80% compared to 64%, p = 0.011). Seventy-six percent of the students were aiming for a dental specialty. Eighteen percent changed their desired specialty, and 25% were in search of a specialty that they believed required fewer close contact procedures. CONCLUSIONS It is crucial to prepare students for the next possible outbreak using the knowledge gained during this pandemic by modifying the dental curriculum and providing credible information and psychological support to guide dental students in building a healthy career path.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehra Edebal
- Section of Oral Pathology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Near East University, North Nikosia, Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus
| | - Salih Doğan
- Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
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Kim J, Blum B, Kaushal S, Khan S, Hardigan P, Villalba CA. Impact of Psychiatry Clerkship Rotation in Attitudes Towards Mental Illness and Psychiatry as a Career Among Medical Students. HCA Healthc J Med 2023; 4:415-420. [PMID: 38223472 PMCID: PMC10783562 DOI: 10.36518/2689-0216.1569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Background Stigma associated with mental illness (MI) permeates many professions, including healthcare. Recognizing and correcting bias is critical in delivering impartial and beneficial healthcare for all patients. Early educational interventions providing exposure to individuals with MI have shown to be effective at reducing MI stigma. The primary aim of our study was to assess the impact of a psychiatry clerkship on attitudes to MI. A secondary aim was to determine if the psychiatry clerkship influenced medical students' perceptions of psychiatry as a career. Methods A cohort of third-year medical students in Florida was invited to complete an online survey before and after participating in their first 4-week-long psychiatry clerkship during the 2021-2022 academic year. The voluntary, anonymous survey consisted of the Attitudes to Mental Illness Questionnaire (AMIQ) and a 3-item questionnaire on interest and knowledge in psychiatry. The Wilcoxon Sign-Rank test was used to determine statistical significance (P < .05) for pre- and post-clerkship values. Results Among 39 invited students, 22 participated before (56.4%), and 23 participated after their psychiatry rotation (59.0%). Overall, there was a statistically significant increase in the perceived level of general interest in psychiatry (P = .027), psychiatry knowledge (P < .001), and career interest in psychiatry (P = .040). There was also a significant decrease in the stigmatized attitude score for depression and self-harm after their psychiatry rotation (P = .042). Finally, the participants initially showed the highest stigmatized attitude score for intravenous drug abuse among the 4 mental illnesses presented, which also included depression and suicidal ideation, alcohol use disorder, and schizophrenia. Conclusion The findings suggest that a psychiatry clerkship provided a positive exposure to the field, enhanced medical students' overall interest in psychiatry, and positively impacted medical students' attitudes towards MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Kim
- Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C Patel College of Allopathic Medicine, Fort Lauderdale, FL
| | - Brian Blum
- HCA Florida Aventura Hospital, Aventura, FL
| | - Shivani Kaushal
- Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C Patel College of Allopathic Medicine, Fort Lauderdale, FL
| | - Sara Khan
- Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C Patel College of Allopathic Medicine, Fort Lauderdale, FL
| | - Patrick Hardigan
- Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C Patel College of Allopathic Medicine, Fort Lauderdale, FL
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Pfarrwaller E, Maisonneuve H, Laurent C, Abbiati M, Sommer J, Baroffio A, Haller DM. Dynamics of Students' Career Choice: a Conceptual Framework-Based Qualitative Analysis Focusing on Primary Care. J Gen Intern Med 2023:10.1007/s11606-023-08567-9. [PMID: 38102409 DOI: 10.1007/s11606-023-08567-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing primary care's attractiveness as a career choice is an important task of socially accountable medical schools. Research has broadly studied influences on medical students' career choice. However, a deeper understanding of the processes behind career decision-making could support medical schools in their efforts to promote primary care careers. OBJECTIVE To explore the dynamics of career choice during medical school with a focus on primary care, based on a previously developed conceptual framework. APPROACH Qualitative study using a phenomenological, inductive-deductive approach DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS: Individual interviews were conducted from May 2019 to January 2020 with 14 first-year postgraduate trainee physicians, graduates of the Faculty of Medicine in Geneva, Switzerland, purposively sampled based on their interest in primary care during undergraduate studies. The interview guide was developed to elicit narratives about career-related decision-making. Two authors coded the transcripts. Thematic analysis alternated with data collection until thematic saturation was reached. Emerging themes were discussed and refined within the research team. KEY RESULTS Two main themes emerged: (1) developing professional identity, expressed as a changing professional image from unprecise and idealistic to concrete and realistic; priorities changed from content-based to lifestyle-based preferences; (2) individual trajectories of career-related decision-making, determined by different stages of refining professional interests; students navigated this process by employing various strategies, ranging from active exploration to passive behaviors. CONCLUSIONS This study's narrative approach illustrates the dynamic nature of career choice and refines elements of a conceptual framework previously developed by the authors. Its findings underline the importance of exploration, for which personal experiences and observations of physicians' work are crucial. To advance efforts to make primary care a more attractive career, students must be sufficiently exposed to primary care in a safe and individualized environment and should be supported in all stages of their career choice process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Pfarrwaller
- University Institute for Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Hubert Maisonneuve
- University Institute for Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- University College of General Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Camille Laurent
- University College of General Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Milena Abbiati
- Unit of Development and Research in Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Johanna Sommer
- University Institute for Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Anne Baroffio
- Unit of Development and Research in Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Dagmar M Haller
- University Institute for Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Alkhatib HH, Beach MC, Gebo KA, Bass EB, Park JR, Atkinson MA, Kudchadkar SR, Sozio SM. The association of a scholarly concentrations program with medical students' matched residencies. Med Educ Online 2023; 28:2234651. [PMID: 37434383 DOI: 10.1080/10872981.2023.2234651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Many medical school curricula include Scholarly Concentrations (SC) programs. While studies have examined how these programs affect students' future research involvement, the association of SC programs with students' specialty choices is uncertain. This study examines the SC program factors associated with congruence between the specialty focus of students' SC projects and the clinical specialty they matched into for residency. METHODS The authors conducted a retrospective cohort study of all students participating in the SC program at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine for graduating classes 2013-2020. They used data from program questionnaires to categorize students' specialty interests (baseline) and SC program experiences (post-program). The authors categorized each student's project into specialties according to their faculty mentors' primary appointments, abstracted student publications from SCOPUS, and abstracted residency program rankings from Doximity Residency Navigator. The authors used multivariable logistic regression to calculate adjusted odds ratios (aOR) for specialty-congruent matching (same specialty as SC project) and for matching into a Doximity-ranked top 20 or top 10 program. RESULTS Overall, 35.3% of the 771 students matched into the same specialty as their SC projects. Increased odds of specialty-congruent matching occurred with 'definite' interest in the specialty at baseline [aOR (95% CI): 1.76 (0.98-3.15)] (P = 0.06) and with increasing publications with SC mentors [aOR (95% CI): 1.16 (1.03-1.30)] (P = 0.01). Congruence between SC specialty focus and matched specialty conferred no significant difference in odds of matching to a Doximity-ranked top 20 or top 10 program. CONCLUSIONS Baseline certainty of specialty interest and research productivity were associated with specialty congruence. However, as completing an SC project in a given specialty was not associated with increased odds of matching into that specialty nor into a higher Doximity-ranked program, SC program directors should advise students to pursue SC projects in any topic of personal interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hosam H Alkhatib
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mary Catherine Beach
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Health, Behavior, & Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kelly A Gebo
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Eric B Bass
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Health Policy, Management, and Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jenny R Park
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Meredith A Atkinson
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sapna R Kudchadkar
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Pediatrics, and Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Stephen M Sozio
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Almegewly W, Alotaibi T, Karavasileiadou S. Female Saudi nursing student perspectives on pursuing a career in home healthcare: a qualitative study. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2023; 18:2216003. [PMID: 37211880 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2023.2216003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the fact that the number of patients seeking home healthcare in Saudi Arabia is rising, this speciality confronts significant obstacles. This qualitative, descriptive phenomenological study investigates views, feelings and attitudes of nursing students practicing in home healthcare and how they perceive it as a future career. Data were gathered during five face-to-face focus group interviews of five students each (a total of 25 students) and analysed using thematic analysis. It was found that the majority of students did not perceive home healthcare as a viable career option compared to working in a hospital. They vacillated due to the nature of the work, safety concerns, working demands, the invariability of health cases, and a lack of opportunities for professional development. Nevertheless, some nursing students were amenable to pursuing a career in home healthcare due to the less working hours, sense of autonomy, and ability to provide holistic care and educate patients and their families. Population awareness programs are needed to overcome cultural barriers, increase student motivation, and ultimately bolster the number of certified nurses working in home healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafa Almegewly
- Department of Community Health Nursing, College of Nursing, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Taghreed Alotaibi
- Department of Community Health Nursing, College of Nursing, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Savvato Karavasileiadou
- Department of Community Health Nursing, College of Nursing, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Sebastian T, Prade A, Keis O, Schramm A, Öchsner W. Student experiences of professionalism and role models in an oral and maxillofacial surgery internship: A qualitative study. Eur J Dent Educ 2023; 27:849-858. [PMID: 36458891 DOI: 10.1111/eje.12875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dental students have a clear concept of professionalism and the importance of role models. Our aim was to determine how dental students experience their first oral and maxillofacial surgery internship in terms of their concept of professionalism and their perception of role models. METHODS From June to August 2020, semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted with 22 dental students in their eighth and ninth semesters at the Medical Faculty of the University of Ulm. The interviews were transcribed and evaluated by qualitative content analysis according to Mayring. RESULTS The students' concept of dental professionalism was shaped by the elements of a good approach to patients, professional competence, and manual skills. This perception was not changed by the internship. Having a role model was seen as an important learning strategy, and role models were perceived in both positive and negative ways. Role models were perceived as positive if they corresponded to the student's concept of professionalism and as negative if they did not correspond to this concept, especially with regard to social interaction or the approach to patients. Students' reactions to discrepancies between their own moral values and the role models' behaviour were characterised by passivity and withdrawal. With regard to potential future careers, positive internship experiences supported student goals, whereas negative experiences raised doubts about them. CONCLUSION Supervising dentists may still underestimate the considerable impact of internships, and their awareness of this impact needs to be increased. Students' reactions to conflicts between reality and their own values do not appear to be constructive. One approach to solving this problem may be to include discussions of professional development in curricula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Sebastian
- Medical Faculty of the University of Ulm, School of Dentistry, Ulm, Germany
| | - Amelie Prade
- Medical Faculty of the University of Ulm, Medical School, Ulm, Germany
| | - Oliver Keis
- Section on Teaching and Learning, Medical Faculty of the University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Alexander Schramm
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Öchsner
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
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Murphy VL, Chao P, Koea J, Srinivasa S. Systematic review of the efficacy and purpose of student surgical interest groups. ANZ J Surg 2023; 93:2580-2588. [PMID: 37861106 DOI: 10.1111/ans.18732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is concern around projected unmet need in the surgical workforce internationally. Current barriers to medical students pursuing surgical careers include lack of early exposure, low confidence in surgical skills, and perceived lifestyle barriers. This review aimed to examine both the purpose of student surgical interest groups (SIGs) globally, and their effect on metrics representing student surgical career interest. barriers. METHODS MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, and Google Scholar were searched for papers analysing surgical interest group purpose and efficacy. Risk of bias was assessed for survey-based papers using a 20-point checklist. Descriptive analysis was performed based on qualitative data. RESULTS Twenty-eight papers were included in the analysis including 13 surveys. These were of moderate quality. The analysed SIGs had 100-1000 student members and a diverse range of funding sources. Purpose of SIGs was described by 26 of 28 papers with common themes including promotion of surgical career choice and developing theoretical/practical surgical skills. Common initiatives of SIGs included surgical lectures/teaching and practical skills workshops. Data from 15 papers analysing efficacy of SIGs suggested they positively influenced self-reported student interest in surgical careers (78.6%) and confidence in surgical knowledge (80%), as well as confidence in practical skills, knowledge about surgical careers/lifestyle, mentorship opportunity, and research involvement. CONCLUSION Student SIGs make a unique contribution to early medical student experience through positive effect on promoting surgical careers. They target relevant metrics such as surgical knowledge and confidence that are known to influence surgical career choice in the modern surgical landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Phillip Chao
- Department of Surgery, North Shore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jonathan Koea
- Department of Surgery, North Shore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Sanket Srinivasa
- Department of Surgery, North Shore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
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Brown AM, Meyers LC, Varadarajan J, Ward NJ, Cartailler J, Chalkley RG, Gould KL, Petrie KA. From goal to outcome: Analyzing the progression of biomedical sciences PhD careers in a longitudinal study using an expanded taxonomy. FASEB Bioadv 2023; 5:427-452. [PMID: 37936923 PMCID: PMC10626162 DOI: 10.1096/fba.2023-00072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomedical sciences PhDs pursue a wide range of careers inside and outside academia. However, there is little data regarding how career interests of PhD students relate to the decision to pursue postdoctoral training or to their eventual career outcomes. Here, we present the career goals and career outcomes of 1452 biomedical sciences PhDs who graduated from Vanderbilt University between 1997 and 2021. We categorized careers using an expanded three-tiered taxonomy and flags that delineate key career milestones. We also analyzed career goal changes between matriculation and doctoral defense, and the reasons why students became more- or less-interested in research-intensive faculty careers. We linked students' career goal at doctoral defense to whether they did a postdoc, the duration of time between doctoral defense and the first non-training position, the career area of the first non-training position, and the career area of the job at 10 years after graduation. Finally, we followed individual careers for 10 years after graduation to characterize movement between different career areas over time. We found that most students changed their career goal during graduate school, declining numbers of alumni pursued postdoctoral training, many alumni entered first non-training positions in a different career area than their goal at doctoral defense, and the career area of the first non-training position was a good indicator of the job that alumni held 10 years after graduation. Our findings emphasize that students need a wide range of career development opportunities and career mentoring during graduate school to prepare them for futures in research and research-related professions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail M. Brown
- The Office of Biomedical Research Education and TrainingVanderbilt University School of MedicineNashvilleTennesseeUSA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and BiophysicsVanderbilt University School of MedicineNashvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - Lindsay C. Meyers
- The Office of Biomedical Research Education and TrainingVanderbilt University School of MedicineNashvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - Janani Varadarajan
- The Office of Biomedical Research Education and TrainingVanderbilt University School of MedicineNashvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - Nicholas J. Ward
- The Office of Biomedical Research Education and TrainingVanderbilt University School of MedicineNashvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - Jean‐Philippe Cartailler
- Creative Data Solutions Shared Resource, Center for Stem Cell BiologyVanderbilt University School of MedicineNashvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - Roger G. Chalkley
- The Office of Biomedical Research Education and TrainingVanderbilt University School of MedicineNashvilleTennesseeUSA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and BiophysicsVanderbilt University School of MedicineNashvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - Kathleen L. Gould
- The Office of Biomedical Research Education and TrainingVanderbilt University School of MedicineNashvilleTennesseeUSA
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyVanderbilt University School of MedicineNashvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - Kimberly A. Petrie
- The Office of Biomedical Research Education and TrainingVanderbilt University School of MedicineNashvilleTennesseeUSA
- Department of Medical Education and AdministrationVanderbilt University School of MedicineNashvilleTennesseeUSA
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Crocker K, Gnatt I, Haywood D, Bhat R, Butterfield I, Raveendran Nair Lalitha A, Bishop R, Castle DJ, Jenkins ZM. Investigating Attraction and Retention of Staff Within Public Mental Health Services in Victoria, Australia: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study. JMIR Res Protoc 2023; 12:e48855. [PMID: 37906222 PMCID: PMC10646675 DOI: 10.2196/48855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A large proportion of Australians are affected by mental illness each year, and treatment gaps are well known. To meet current and future demands and enable access to treatment that is safe, effective, and acceptable, a robust and sustainable mental health workforce is required. Factors reported to attract people to work within the mental health sector include aspiring to help others, having an interest in mental health and human behavior, the desire to make a difference and do something worthwhile, personal lived experience, recognition, and value of discipline-specific roles. However, despite the various reasons people enter the public mental health workforce, recruitment and retention continue to be ongoing challenges. To date, there has been limited investigation into understanding which factors are most relevant to the current Victorian workforce. Furthermore, a comparison to health care workers outside of mental health is also needed to better understand the specific needs of staff within the mental health sector. OBJECTIVE This study aims to explore factors related to attraction, recruitment, and retention of the public mental health workforce in Victoria, Australia. METHODS The study is a multisite, mixed methods cross-sectional study to be conducted at 4 public hospital services within Victoria, Australia: 2 in metropolitan and 2 in regional or rural locations. Current, previous, and nonmental health workers will be asked to complete a 20-25-minute web-based survey, which is developed based on previous research and offered participation in an optional 30-60-minute semistructured interview to examine personal experiences and perceptions. Both aspects of the project will examine factors related to attraction, recruitment, and retention in the public mental health workforce. Differences between groups (ie, current, past, and nonmental health workers), as well as location, discipline, and health setting will be examined. Regression analyses will be performed to determine the factors most strongly associated with retention (ie, job satisfaction) and turnover intention. Qualitative data will be transcribed verbatim and thematically analyzed to identify common themes. RESULTS As of May 2023, we enrolled 539 participants in the web-based survey and 27 participants in the qualitative interview. CONCLUSIONS This project seeks to build on current knowledge from within Australia and internationally to understand role and service/system-related issues of attraction, recruitment, and retention specifically within Victoria, Australia. Seeking up-to-date information from across the health workforce may provide factors specific to mental health by illuminating any differences between mental health workers and health care workers outside of mental health. Furthermore, exploring motivators across health care disciplines and locations to enter, stay in, or leave a role in public mental health settings will provide valuable information to support how the sector plans and develops strategies that are fit for purpose. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/48855.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlyn Crocker
- Department of Mental Health, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Australia
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Australia
| | - Inge Gnatt
- Department of Mental Health, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Australia
- Centre for Mental Health and Brain Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Darren Haywood
- Department of Mental Health, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Australia
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Science, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
- Human Performance Research Centre, INSIGHT Research Institute, School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, University of Technology Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ravi Bhat
- Department of Rural Health, The University of Melbourne, Shepparton, Australia
- Goulburn Valley Area Mental Health Service, Goulburn Valley Health, Shepparton, Australia
| | - Ingrid Butterfield
- HER Centre Australia, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, Cabrini Health, Malvern, Australia
| | | | - Ruby Bishop
- Mercy Mental Health & Wellbeing Services, Mercy Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - David J Castle
- School of Psychological Sciences, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia
- Centre for Mental Health Services Innovation, Statewide Mental Health Services, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Zoe M Jenkins
- Department of Mental Health, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Australia
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Hawks-Ladds N, Labagnara K, Meeks W, North A, Small A. Factors Influencing Medical Students' Pursuit of Urology: Results From the AUA Census (2019-2021). Urol Pract 2023:101097UPJ0000000000000466. [PMID: 37902216 DOI: 10.1097/upj.0000000000000466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Growing interest in urology among medical students highlights the need to understand factors influencing their specialty choice in today's context. We also investigate COVID-19's impact on these factors and any disparities among female and underrepresented in medicine (URiM) students. METHODS From 2019 to 2021, the AUA Annual Census survey included medical student-focused questions on demographics, career interests, and decision factors. Responses were analyzed. RESULTS One hundred ninety-two medical students participated. Thirty-six (24%) identified as female and 19 (13%) as URiM. Common reasons students would choose urology included surgical procedures (93%) and "good lifestyle" among surgical careers (85%), with no differences across gender or URiM status. Compared to pre-COVID (2019), during COVID (2020-2021), a greater proportion of students cited cutting-edge technology (90.1% vs 73.1%, P = .008) and surgical procedures (98.6% vs 87.2%, P = .008) as reasons to choose urology. Reasons for not choosing urology included competitiveness (48%) and poor lifestyle (26%). Female and URiM students expressed concern related to the combined "male dominated/gender discrimination/lack of diversity" aspect (female 33% vs male 3%, P < .001; URiM 25% vs non-URiM 7%, P = .04). CONCLUSIONS The AUA Census survey highlights factors influencing medical students' decisions regarding urology. Interest in procedural and technological aspects grew during COVID. Students expressed concern over the field's competitiveness and poor lifestyle, while also acknowledging that urology offers a favorable lifestyle compared to other surgical careers. Female and URiM students expressed ongoing concerns over the combined aspect of gender discrimination and/or the lack of existing diversity in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - William Meeks
- American Urological Association, Linthicum, Maryland
| | - Amanda North
- Department of Urology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York
| | - Alexander Small
- Department of Urology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York
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Adeboye W, Osunronbi T, Faluyi D, Abankwa E, Abraha S, Adamu-Biu F, Ahmad Z, Akhionbare I, Chimba C, Corriero AC, Ibeanusi I, Inyang D, Jones R, Madume R, Mberu V, Mitoko CA, Nelson-Rowe E, O'Riordan M, Shoker S, Sofela A. Predictors of self-reported research engagement and academic-career interest amongst medical students in the United Kingdom: a national cross-sectional survey. Postgrad Med J 2023; 99:1189-1196. [PMID: 37594075 DOI: 10.1093/postmj/qgad067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We hypothesised that the gender/ethnic disparities and reductions in the UK academic-clinician workforce stem from research experience in medical school. This study investigated the factors influencing research engagement and academic-career interests among UK medical students. METHODS Using a 42-item online questionnaire, a national multicentre cross-sectional survey of UK medical students was conducted over 9 weeks in the 2020/21 academic year. Multiple binary logistic and zero-inflated negative binomial regressions were used to evaluate associations between the predictor variables and research engagement (yes/no), number of research projects conducted, and academic-career interest (yes/no). P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS In total, 1573 students participated from 36 medical schools. No ethnic/gender differences in research engagement were observed. However, compared to men, women had a 31% decrease in the odds of being interested in an academic-clinician career [odds ratio (OR): 0.69; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.52, 0.92]. Positive predictors of interest in academia were being a PubMed-indexed author (OR: 2.19; 95% CI: 1.38, 3.47) and having at least one national/international presentation (OR: 1.40; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.88). Career progression was the primary motivating factor (67.1%) for pursuing research, whereas limited awareness of opportunities (68.0%) and time constraints (67.5%) were the most common barriers. CONCLUSION There were no ethnic differences in research engagement or academic-career intent. Although there were no gender differences in research engagement, female students were less likely to be interested in an academic career. This could be tackled by providing targeted opportunities to increase research productivity and self-efficacy in medical schools. Key messages: What is already known on this topic: There has been a decline in the number of academic clinicians, with a disproportionate gender and ethnic representation in the academic workforce. Engaging medical students in research activities during their medical training could mitigate the declining number of academic clinicians. Differential attainment occurs in medical school and persists after graduation. What this study adds: Although there were no gender/ethnic differences in research engagement amongst UK medical students, our study suggests that female students were less likely to be interested in pursuing an academic career. Time constraints, a lack of awareness of opportunities, and difficulty in finding research supervisors/mentors were the most common barriers to research engagement, whereas PubMed-indexed authorship was the strongest positive predictor of interest in an academic career. How this study might affect research, practice, or policy: Medical schools should facilitate the selection of good-quality research mentors that would provide adequate support to ensure that their students' works are published in peer-reviewed journals. Medical schools should employ local research officers to increase students' awareness of research opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Adeboye
- Melanin Medics Research Network, Luton, LU4 8DY, United Kingdom
| | | | - David Faluyi
- Melanin Medics Research Network, Luton, LU4 8DY, United Kingdom
| | - Efua Abankwa
- Melanin Medics Research Network, Luton, LU4 8DY, United Kingdom
| | - Semhar Abraha
- Melanin Medics Research Network, Luton, LU4 8DY, United Kingdom
| | | | - Zain Ahmad
- Melanin Medics Research Network, Luton, LU4 8DY, United Kingdom
| | | | - Chimba Chimba
- Melanin Medics Research Network, Luton, LU4 8DY, United Kingdom
| | - Anna C Corriero
- Melanin Medics Research Network, Luton, LU4 8DY, United Kingdom
| | - Ikenna Ibeanusi
- Melanin Medics Research Network, Luton, LU4 8DY, United Kingdom
| | - Deborah Inyang
- Melanin Medics Research Network, Luton, LU4 8DY, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Jones
- Melanin Medics Research Network, Luton, LU4 8DY, United Kingdom
| | - Rachael Madume
- Melanin Medics Research Network, Luton, LU4 8DY, United Kingdom
| | - Valentine Mberu
- Melanin Medics Research Network, Luton, LU4 8DY, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Serena Shoker
- Melanin Medics Research Network, Luton, LU4 8DY, United Kingdom
| | - Agbolahan Sofela
- Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, PL6 8BT, United Kingdom
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22
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Wan S, Lauermann F, Bailey DH, Eccles JS. Girls' comparative advantage in language arts explains little of the gender gap in math-related fields: A replication and extension. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2305629120. [PMID: 37748064 PMCID: PMC10556548 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2305629120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Women remain underrepresented in most math-intensive fields. [Breda and Napp, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 116, 15435 (2019)] reported that girls' comparative advantage in reading over math (i.e., the intraindividual differences between girls' reading vs. math performance, compared to such differences for boys) could explain up to 80% of the gender gap in students' intentions to pursue math-intensive studies and careers, in conflict with findings from previous research. We conducted a conceptual replication and expanded upon Breda and Napp's study by using new global data (PISA2018, N = 466,165) and a recent US nationally representative longitudinal study (High School Longitudinal Study of 2009, N = 6,560). We coded students' intended majors and careers and their actual college majors. The difference between a student's math vs. reading performance explained only small proportions of the gender gap in students' intentions to pursue math-intensive fields (0.4 to 10.2%) and in their enrollment in math-intensive college majors (12.3%). Consistent with previous studies, our findings suggest girls' comparative advantage in reading explains a minority of the gender gap in math-related majors and occupational intentions and choices. Potential reasons for differences in the estimated effect sizes include differences in the operationalization of math-related choices, the operationalization of math and reading performance, and possibly the timing of measuring intentions and choices. Therefore, it seems premature to conclude that girls' comparative advantage in reading, rather than the cumulative effects of other structural and/or psychological factors, can largely explain the persistent gender gap in math-intensive educational and career choices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirui Wan
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI53706
| | - Fani Lauermann
- Bonn Center for Teacher Education, University of Bonn, Bonn53115, Germany
| | - Drew H. Bailey
- School of Education, University of California, Irvine, CA92697
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23
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Glerean N, Talman K, Glerean E, Hupli M, Haavisto E. Development and psychometric testing of the perception of nursing profession instrument. J Adv Nurs 2023; 79:4074-4087. [PMID: 37249182 DOI: 10.1111/jan.15726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perceptions of the nursing profession influence career choices in nursing. An unrealistic perception might lead students to drop out of nursing education programmes. Objective measurement of the nursing applicants' perceptions at the student selection stage could enhance their career choices in nursing. AIM To develop and psychometrically evaluate the Perception of Nursing Profession Instrument (PNPI). DESIGN Mixed method design. METHOD Two versions of the PNPI were developed during the years 2016-2022. The first version was based on documents describing the nursing profession and the second version was based on an integrative literature review, a focus groups study and a document analysis of descriptions of the nursing profession. The meta-ethnographic approach was used to synthesize the results and form a theoretical framework for developing the PNPI (60 items). Item content validity was evaluated by an expert panel of nurses (n = 7). The psychometric properties of the instrument were analysed using the item response theory approach. RESULTS The development process resulted in the 40-item PNPI with the following subscales: the content of nursing work, the career in nursing, the nature of nursing work and the characteristics of a nurse. The psychometric analysis revealed unidimensionality and goodness of fit to the partial credit model; however, the item difficulty was not well matched with the participants' abilities. CONCLUSION The PNPI is a novel instrument for objectively measuring perceptions of the nursing profession. For further development, item difficulty must be enhanced to improve the measurement accuracy of the nursing applicants' perceptions of the nursing profession. IMPACT Perceptions of the nursing profession influence career choices, but there is a lack of objective assessment instruments that can be used in nursing student selection setting to measure the perception. The results of this study offer an instrument to measure perception, while also suggesting ideas for further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niina Glerean
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Kirsi Talman
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Enrico Glerean
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Maija Hupli
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Elina Haavisto
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
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24
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Russell DJ, Monani D, Martin P, Wakerman J. Addressing the GP vocational training crisis in remote Australia: Lessons from the Northern Territory. Aust J Rural Health 2023; 31:967-978. [PMID: 37607122 DOI: 10.1111/ajr.13029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE GP vocational training enrolments are declining Australia-wide and, in the Northern Territory (NT), considered by some as '…the litmus test for the national scene' the decline is precipitous. This research investigates the drivers of declining GP training uptake in the NT and identifies and ranks potential solutions. SETTING NT, Australia. PARTICIPANTS Ten senior medical students, 6 junior doctors, 11 GP registrars, 11 GP supervisors and 31 stakeholders. DESIGN Mixed methods: scoping review of Australian literature mapping key concepts to GP training pathway stages and marketing/communications; secondary data analyses; key informant interviews; and a stakeholder validation/prioritisation workshop. Interview data were thematically analysed. Workshop participants received summarised study findings and participated in structured discussions of potential solutions prior to nominating top five strategies in each of five categories. RESULTS Highly prioritised strategies included increasing prevocational training opportunities in primary care and selecting junior doctors interested in rural generalism and long-term NT practice. Also ranked highly were: [Medical School] ensuring adequate infrastructure; [Vocational Training] offering high quality, culturally sensitive, flexible professional and personal support; [General Practice] better remunerating GPs; and [Marketing] ensuring positive aspects such as diversity of experiences and expedited GP career opportunities were promoted. CONCLUSION Multifaceted strategies to increase GP training uptake are needed, which target different stages of GP training. Effective action is likely to require multiple strategies with coordinated action by different jurisdictional and national key stakeholder agencies. Foremost amongst the interventions required is the urgent need to expand primary care training opportunities in NT for prevocational doctors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Jane Russell
- Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Alice Springs, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - Devaki Monani
- Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - Priya Martin
- Faculty of Medicine, Rural Clinical School, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - John Wakerman
- Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Alice Springs, Northern Territory, Australia
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25
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Eser E, Cil E, Sen Gundogan NE, Col M, Yildirim Ozturk EN, Thomas DT, Sunter AT, Arslan HN, Citil R, Onder Y, Picakciefe M, Dede B, Demirel C, Aydin N, Caglayan C, Aker AA, Borlu A, Durmus H, Can G, Siddikoglu E, Sumer EH, Uygun T, Alkoy S, Aktas Aycan K, Koruk İ, Kuzan R, Demir LS, Hacilar E, Sari H, Kilinc Z, Onal O, Dogan E, Emek M, Terzioglu R, Yapici G, Erdal D, Eser S, Ayhan Akman E, Kosan Z, Yilmaz S, Ayoglu FN, Acikgoz B, Musal B, Suner AF, Erdogan A, Cilburunoglu İ, Saygun M, Daymaz D, Arslantas D, Onsuz MF, Beyhun NE, Ustundag MG, Ekuklu G, Ozder Tas F, Abacigil F, Oncu S, Hıdıroğlu S, Ozaydin AN, Pirincci E, Bulut I, Tozun M, Eskiocak M, Gunel P, Torun SD, Yavuz M, Hasde M, Camur D, Gunes G, Kurt B, Guler Baysoy N, Bakirci N, Demir F, Catak B, Ozyurda F, Turan M. Push and Pull Factors of Why Medical Students Want to Leave Türkiye: A Countrywide Multicenter Study. Teach Learn Med 2023:1-13. [PMID: 37530502 DOI: 10.1080/10401334.2023.2229810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Phenomenon: Physician immigration from other countries is increasing as developed countries continue to be desirable destinations for physicians; however, the determinants of Turkish physicians' migration decisions are still unclear. Despite its wide coverage in the media and among physicians in Türkiye, and being the subject of much debate, there is insufficient data to justify this attention. With this study, we aimed to investigate the tendency of senior medical students in Türkiye to pursue their professional careers abroad and its related factors. Approach: This cross-sectional study involved 9881 senior medical students from 39 different medical schools in Türkiye in 2022. Besides participants' migration decision, we evaluated the push and pull factors related to working, social environment and lifestyle in Türkiye and abroad, medical school education inadequacy, and personal insufficiencies, as well as the socioeconomic variables that may affect the decision to migrate abroad. The analyses were carried out with a participation rate of at least 50%. Findings: Of the medical students, 70.7% had emigration intentions. Approximately 60% of those want to stay abroad permanently, and 61.5% of them took initiatives such as learning a foreign language abroad (54.5%) and taking relevant exams (18.9%). Those who wanted to work in the field of Research & Development were 1.37 (95% CI: 1.22-1.54) times more likely to emigrate. The push factor that was related to emigration intention was the "working conditions in the country" (OR: 1.89, 95% CI: 1.56-2.28) whereas the "social environment/lifestyle abroad" was the mere pull factor for the tendency of emigration (OR: 1.73, 95% CI: 1.45-2.06). In addition, the quality problem in medical schools also had a significant impact on students' decisions (OR: 2.20, 95% CI: 1.83-2.65). Insights: Although the percentage of those who want to emigrate "definitely" was at the same level as in the other developing countries, the tendency to migrate "permanently" was higher in Türkiye. Improving working conditions in the country and increasing the quality of medical faculties seem vital in preventing the migration of physicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erhan Eser
- Department of Public Health, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Türkiye
| | - Elif Cil
- Department of Public Health, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Türkiye
| | | | - Meltem Col
- Department of Public Health, Ankara University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | | | - David Terence Thomas
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Maltepe University, Istanbul, Türkiye
- Department of Medical Education, Maltepe University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | | | | | - Riza Citil
- Department of Public Health, Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat, Türkiye
| | - Yalcin Onder
- Department of Public Health, Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat, Türkiye
| | - Metin Picakciefe
- Department of Public Health, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla, Türkiye
| | - Bahadir Dede
- Department of Public Health, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla, Türkiye
| | - Can Demirel
- Department of Biophysics, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Türkiye
- Department of Medical Education, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Türkiye
| | - Neriman Aydin
- Department of Medical Education, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Türkiye
- Department of Public Health, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Türkiye
| | - Cigdem Caglayan
- Department of Public Health, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Türkiye
| | - Ahmet Alp Aker
- Department of Public Health, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Türkiye
| | - Arda Borlu
- Department of Public Health, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Türkiye
| | - Hasan Durmus
- Department of Public Health, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Türkiye
| | - Gunay Can
- Department of Public Health, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Esin Siddikoglu
- Department of Public Health, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Ergun Haldun Sumer
- Department of Public Health, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Türkiye
| | - Tunahan Uygun
- Department of Public Health, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Türkiye
| | - Seval Alkoy
- Department of Public Health, Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University, Bolu, Türkiye
| | - Kubra Aktas Aycan
- Department of Public Health, Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University, Bolu, Türkiye
| | - İbrahim Koruk
- Department of Public Health, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Türkiye
| | - Rustem Kuzan
- Department of Public Health, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Türkiye
| | - Lutfi Saltuk Demir
- Department of Public Health, Necmettin Erbakan University Meram, Konya, Türkiye
| | - Esra Hacilar
- Department of Public Health, Necmettin Erbakan University Meram, Konya, Türkiye
| | - Hidir Sari
- Department of Public Health, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Türkiye
| | - Zehra Kilinc
- Department of Public Health, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Türkiye
| | - Ozgur Onal
- Department of Public Health, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Türkiye
| | - Edanur Dogan
- Department of Public Health, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Türkiye
| | - Mestan Emek
- Department of Public Health, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Türkiye
| | - Rıdvan Terzioglu
- Department of Public Health, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Türkiye
| | - Gulcin Yapici
- Department of Public Health, Mersin University, Mersin, Türkiye
| | - Deniz Erdal
- Department of Public Health, Mersin University, Mersin, Türkiye
| | - Sultan Eser
- Department of Public Health, Balikesir University, Balikesir, Türkiye
| | - Emine Ayhan Akman
- Department of Public Health, Balikesir University, Balikesir, Türkiye
| | - Zahide Kosan
- Department of Public Health, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Türkiye
| | - Sinan Yilmaz
- Department of Public Health, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Türkiye
| | - Ferruh Niyazi Ayoglu
- Department of Public Health, Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit Universitesi, Zonguldak, Türkiye
| | - Bilgehan Acikgoz
- Department of Public Health, Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit Universitesi, Zonguldak, Türkiye
| | - Berna Musal
- Department of Medical Education, Dokuz Eylul University Izmir, Türkiye
| | | | - Aysegul Erdogan
- Department of Public Health, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras, Türkiye
| | - İdris Cilburunoglu
- Department of Public Health, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras, Türkiye
| | - Meral Saygun
- Department of Public Health, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale, Türkiye
| | - Didem Daymaz
- Department of Public Health, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale, Türkiye
| | - Didem Arslantas
- Department of Public Health, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Türkiye
| | | | | | | | - Galip Ekuklu
- Department of Public Health, Trakya University, Edirne, Türkiye
| | - Fulya Ozder Tas
- Department of Public Health, Trakya University, Edirne, Türkiye
| | - Filiz Abacigil
- Department of Public Health, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Türkiye
| | - Selcen Oncu
- Department of Medical Education, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Türkiye
| | - Seyhan Hıdıroğlu
- Department of Public Health, Marmara University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | | | - Edibe Pirincci
- Department of Public Health, Firat University, Elazig, Türkiye
| | - Irem Bulut
- Department of Public Health, Firat University, Elazig, Türkiye
| | - Mustafa Tozun
- Department of Public Health, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Muzaffer Eskiocak
- Department of Public Health, SANKO University, Gaziantep, Türkiye
- Department of Medical Education, SANKO University, Gaziantep, Türkiye
| | - Pinar Gunel
- Department of Medical Education, SANKO University, Gaziantep, Türkiye
- Department of Biostatistics, SANKO University, Gaziantep, Türkiye
| | | | - Melike Yavuz
- Department of Public Health, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Metin Hasde
- Department of Public Health, University of Health Sciences - Gulhane Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Derya Camur
- Department of Public Health, University of Health Sciences - Gulhane Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Gulsen Gunes
- Department of Public Health, Yuksek Ihtisas University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Burak Kurt
- Department of Public Health, Yuksek Ihtisas University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | | | - Nadi Bakirci
- Department of Public Health, Acibadem University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Figen Demir
- Department of Public Health, Acibadem University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Binali Catak
- Department of Public Health, Kafkas University, Kars, Türkiye
| | - Ferda Ozyurda
- Department of Public Health, TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Mustafa Turan
- Department of Medical Education, TOBB University of Economics and Technology University, Ankara, Türkiye
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Jefferson L, Golder S, Essex H, Dale V, Bloor K. Exploring gender differences in uptake of GP partnership roles: a qualitative mixed-methods study. Br J Gen Pract 2023; 73:e545-e555. [PMID: 37365008 PMCID: PMC10325588 DOI: 10.3399/bjgp.2022.0544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The unadjusted gender pay gap in general practice is reported to be 33.5%. This reflects partly the differential rate at which women become partners, but evidence exploring gender differences in GPs' career progression is sparse. AIM To explore factors affecting uptake of partnership roles, focusing particularly on gender differences. DESIGN AND SETTING Convergent mixed-methods research design using data from UK GPs. METHOD Secondary analysis of qualitative interviews and social media analysis of UK GPs' Twitter commentaries, which informed the conduct of asynchronous online focus groups. Findings were combined using methodological triangulation. RESULTS The sample comprised 40 GP interviews, 232 GPs tweeting about GP partnership roles, and seven focus groups with 50 GPs. Factors at individual, organisational, and national levels influence partnership uptake and career decisions of both men and women GPs. Desire for work-family balance (particularly childcare responsibilities) presented the greatest barrier, for both men and women, as well as workload, responsibility, financial investment, and risk. Greater challenges were, however, reported by women, particularly regarding balancing work-family lives, as well as prohibitive working conditions (including maternity and sickness pay) and discriminatory practices perceived to favour men and full-time GPs. CONCLUSION There are some long-standing gendered barriers that continue to affect the career decisions of women GPs. The relative attractiveness of salaried, locum, or private roles in general practice appears to discourage both men and women from partnerships presently. Promoting positive workplace cultures through strong role models, improved flexibility in roles, and skills training could potentially encourage greater uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Su Golder
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York
| | - Holly Essex
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York
| | - Veronica Dale
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York
| | - Karen Bloor
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York
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Alwadany MM, Al Ojail HY, Almousa AS, Al Wadany FM. Factors Influencing Medical Students' Interest in Dermatology: A Cross-Sectional Study in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2023; 15:e42313. [PMID: 37614258 PMCID: PMC10442597 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.42313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The demand for dermatologists is increasing due to the rising prevalence of skin diseases and the growing importance of dermatological care. However, there is limited research investigating the factors that influence medical students' interest in pursuing dermatology as a career option in Saudi Arabia, specifically in the Eastern Province. Methods This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the impact of dermatology rotation experience on the interest and perception of medical students and interns in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. The participants consisted of medical students and interns located specifically in the Eastern Province. Data were collected through an online self-administered questionnaire that captured socio-demographic characteristics and evaluated the impact of dermatology rotation experience using a 3-point Likert scale. Convenient non-probability sampling was employed by sharing the questionnaire link on popular social media platforms. Results A total of 697 medical students from the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia participated in this study, with an almost equal distribution between genders. A substantial proportion of participants expressed a strong preference for dermatology as their future career. While approximately 60% had completed a dermatology rotation, more than half found the process tiring. However, most participants agreed that dermatology offers flexible working hours, a better lifestyle, superior career options, and higher earnings compared to other healthcare professions. The study also revealed that factors such as age, marital status, academic level, GPA (grade point average), and income influenced the impact of the dermatology rotation. Conclusion This study sheds light on the factors influencing medical students' interest in dermatology and their perceptions of dermatology rotations. The findings emphasize the importance of diversity, early exposure, educational interventions, and supportive environments in promoting dermatology as a career choice. Overcoming barriers, enhancing transparency in assessment systems, and improving educational experiences can further foster interest in dermatology among medical students and address the growing demand for dermatological care.
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28
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Prouty Z, Reynolds JC, Askelson N. Motivations and experiences among dentists in rural private practice: A qualitative study. J Public Health Dent 2023; 83:265-274. [PMID: 37332067 DOI: 10.1111/jphd.12575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Despite the critical importance of access to dental care for rural residents and concerns about a shrinking rural dentist workforce, few studies have examined rural dentist motivations to practice in rural areas. The aim of this study was to explore practicing rural dentists' motivations and experiences qualitatively through semi-structured interviews to help inform and guide recruitment and retention efforts in rural areas. METHODS Dentists were included in the sample frame if they were general dentists in private practice and had a primary practice located in a rural Iowa county. Rural dentists with publicly available email addresses were contacted by email to participate. Semi-structured interviews were administered to 16 private practice general dentists. All interviews were audio recorded, transcribed, and coded using pre-set and emergent codes. RESULTS Participants were most commonly male (75%), under age 35 (44%), white (88%), and practiced in a partnership arrangement (44%). The main codes regarding dentists' experiences and motivations to practice in a rural area included familiarity with a rural area, community, financial factors, and clinical care delivery. Having been raised in a rural area was a major influence in most dentists' decisions about where to locate. CONCLUSIONS The importance of rural upbringing in this study underscores the need to consider rural upbringing in dental student admissions. Additional findings, such as financial benefits of a rural practice and other practice-related factors can be used to inform recruitment efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary Prouty
- Potach and Mitchell Dental Clinic, Austin, Minnesota, United States
| | - Julie C Reynolds
- Preventive and Community Dentistry, University of Iowa College of Dentistry, Iowa City, Iowa, United States
| | - Natoshia Askelson
- University of Iowa College of Public Health, Community and Behavioral Health, Iowa City, Iowa, United States
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29
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Avraham R, Wacht O, Yaffe E, Grinstein-Cohen O. Choosing a Nursing Career During a Global Health Event: A Repeated Cross-Sectional Study. Nurse Educ 2023; 48:E116-E121. [PMID: 36877984 PMCID: PMC10296985 DOI: 10.1097/nne.0000000000001392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although in the past, the decision to enter the nursing profession was mainly due to intrinsic motives, more recent generations present additional extrinsic career choice motives. The motivation of choosing a nursing career may be affected by global health events, such as COVID-19. PURPOSE To examine the motivation for choosing a nursing career during COVID-19. METHODS A repeated cross-sectional study was conducted among 211 first-year nursing students at a university in Israel. A questionnaire was distributed during 2020 and 2021. Linear regression evaluated the motives that predict choosing a nursing career during COVID-19. RESULTS Intrinsic motives were the leading motives for choosing a nursing career in a univariate analysis. A multivariate linear model revealed that choosing a nursing career during the pandemic was associated with extrinsic motives (β= .265, P < .001). Intrinsic motives did not predict choosing a nursing career during COVID-19. CONCLUSION Reassessment of motives among candidates may help the efforts of faculty and nursing to recruit and retain nurses in the profession.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rinat Avraham
- Departments of Nursing (Drs Avraham and Grinstein-Cohen) and Emergency Medicine (Drs Wacht and Yaffe), Recanati School for Community Health Professions, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel; and Magen David Adom, Israel (Drs Wacht and Yaffe)
| | - Oren Wacht
- Departments of Nursing (Drs Avraham and Grinstein-Cohen) and Emergency Medicine (Drs Wacht and Yaffe), Recanati School for Community Health Professions, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel; and Magen David Adom, Israel (Drs Wacht and Yaffe)
| | - Eli Yaffe
- Departments of Nursing (Drs Avraham and Grinstein-Cohen) and Emergency Medicine (Drs Wacht and Yaffe), Recanati School for Community Health Professions, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel; and Magen David Adom, Israel (Drs Wacht and Yaffe)
| | - Orli Grinstein-Cohen
- Departments of Nursing (Drs Avraham and Grinstein-Cohen) and Emergency Medicine (Drs Wacht and Yaffe), Recanati School for Community Health Professions, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel; and Magen David Adom, Israel (Drs Wacht and Yaffe)
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Hakami KM, Alameer M, Jaawna E, Sudi A, Bahkali B, Mohammed A, Hakami A, Mahfouz MS, Alhazmi AH, Dhayihi TM. The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on the Preference of Radiology as a Future Specialty Among Medical Students at Jazan University, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Cureus 2023; 15:e41840. [PMID: 37575874 PMCID: PMC10423067 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.41840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare continues to spark interest and has been the subject of extensive discussion in recent years as well as its potential effects on future medical specialties, including radiology. In this study, we aimed to study the impact of AI on the preference of medical students at Jazan University in choosing radiology as a future specialty. Methodology An observational cross-sectional study was conducted using a pre-tested self-administered online questionnaire among medical students at Jazan University. Data were cleaned, coded, entered, and analyzed using SPSS (SPSS Inc., USA) version 25. Statistical significance was defined as a P-value of less than 0.05. We examined the respondents' preference for radiology rankings with the presence and absence of AI. Radiology's ranking as a preferred specialty with or without AI integration was statistically analyzed for associations with baseline characteristics, personal opinions, and previous exposures among those who had radiology as one of their top three options. Results Approximately 27.4% of males and 28.3% of females ranked radiology among their top three preferred choices. Almost 65.2% were exposed to radiology topics through pre-clinical lectures. The main sources of information about AI for the studied group were medical students (41%) and the Internet (27.5%). The preference of students for radiology was significantly affected when it is assessed by AI (P < 0.05). Around (16.1%) of those who chose radiology as one of their top three choices strongly agree that AI will decrease the job opportunities for radiologists. Logistic regression analysis showed that being a female is significantly associated with an increased chance to replace radiology with other specialty when it is integrated with AI (Crude odds ratio (COR) = 1.91). Conclusion Our results demonstrated that the students' choices were significantly affected by the presence of AI. Thereover, to raise medical students' knowledge and awareness of the potential positive effects of AI, it is necessary to organize an educational campaign, webinars, and conferences.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Essa Jaawna
- Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, SAU
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Allsop S, McKinley RK, Douglass C, Pope L, Macdougall C. Every doctor an educator? Med Teach 2023; 45:559-564. [PMID: 36622887 DOI: 10.1080/0142159x.2022.2158069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The education of the future health care workforce is fundamental to ensuring safe, effective, and inclusive patient care. Despite this there has been chronic underinvestment in health care education and, even though there is an increased need for educators, the true number of medical educators has been in relative decline for over a decade. PURPOSE In this paper, we focus on the role of doctors as medical educators. We reflect on the culture in which medical education and training are delivered, the challenges faced, and their origins and sustaining factors. We propose a re-framing of this culture by applying Maslow's principles of the hierarchy of needs to medical educators, not only as individuals but as a specialist group and to the system in which this group works, to instigate actionable change and promote self-actualization for medical educators. DISCUSSION Promoting and supporting the work of doctors who are educators is critically important. Despite financial investment in some practice areas, overall funding for and the number of medical educators continues to decline. Continuing Professional Development (CPD) schemes such as those offered by specialised medical education associations are welcomed, but without time, funding and a supportive culture from key stakeholders, medical educators cannot thrive and reach their potential. CONCLUSION We need to revolutionise the culture in which medical education is practised, where medical educators are valued and commensurately rewarded as a diverse group of specialists who have an essential role in training the health care workforce to support the delivery of excellent, inclusive health care for patients. By reimagining the challenges faced as a hierarchy we show that until the fundamental needs of value, funding and time are realised, it will remain challenging to instigate the essential change that is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Allsop
- Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | | | - Lindsey Pope
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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de Figueiredo AM, de Labry Lima AO, de Figueiredo DCMM, Neto AJDM, Rocha EMS, de Azevedo GD. Educational Strategies to Reduce Physician Shortages in Underserved Areas: A Systematic Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:5983. [PMID: 37297587 PMCID: PMC10252282 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20115983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The shortage of physicians in rural and underserved areas is an obstacle to the implementation of Universal Health Coverage (UHC). We carried out a systematic review to analyze the effectiveness of initiatives in medical education aimed to increase the supply of physicians in rural or underserved areas. We searched for studies published between 1999 and 2019 in six databases, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Interventional or observational controlled studies were defined as inclusion criteria. A total of 955 relevant unique records were selected for inclusion, which resulted in the identification of 17 articles for analysis. The admission of students from rural areas associated with a rural curriculum represented 52.95% of the interventions. Medical practice after graduation in rural or underserved areas was the most evaluated outcome, representing 12 publications (70.59%). Participants of these educational initiatives were more likely to work in rural or underserved areas or to choose family medicine, with significant differences between the groups in 82.35% of the studies. Educational strategies in undergraduate and medical residencies are effective. However, it is necessary to expand these interventions to ensure the supply of physicians in rural or urban underserved areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Medeiros de Figueiredo
- Department of Health Promotion, Federal University of Paraíba, Campus I, Jardim Universitário, S/N, Castelo Branco, João Pessoa 58051-900, Paraiba, Brazil
- Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, Federal University do Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Universitário Lagoa Nova, Natal 59078-900, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Antonio Olry de Labry Lima
- Andalusian School of Public Health, Cuesta del Observatorio 4, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, 18011 Granada, Andalusia, Spain
| | | | - Alexandre José de Melo Neto
- Department of Health Promotion, Federal University of Paraíba, Campus I, Jardim Universitário, S/N, Castelo Branco, João Pessoa 58051-900, Paraiba, Brazil
| | - Erika Maria Sampaio Rocha
- Health Science Training Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 514, Goiabeiras, Vitória 29075-910, Espirito Santo, Brazil
| | - George Dantas de Azevedo
- Multicampi School of Medical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Cel Martiniano, 541, Caico 59300-000, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
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Talman K, Mäntylä H, Hupli M, Kanerva AM, Engblom J, Haavisto E. Development and Psychometric testing of an Instrument to measure Applicants' Desire to Work in Nursing. Contemp Nurse 2023:1-20. [PMID: 37021682 DOI: 10.1080/10376178.2023.2200014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Background: Nursing applicants' desire to work in nursing has been identified as an important aspect to consider in nursing student selection, but relevant instruments are missing.Aims: To describe the development and psychometric testing of the Desire to Work in Nursing instrument.Design: A mixed-methods design.Methods: The development phase included the collection and analysis of two types of data. First, three focus group interviews were organised with volunteer nursing applicants (n = 18) after the entrance exams of three universities of applied sciences (UAS) (in 2016). The interviews were analysed inductively. Second, scoping review data from four electronic databases were collected. Thirteen full-text articles (published between 2008 and 2019) were included in the review and analysed deductively based on the results of the focus group interviews. The items for the instrument were generated by synthesising the results of the focus group interviews and the scoping review. The testing phase included 841 nursing applicants who participated in the entrance exams of four UAS on 31 October 2018. The psychometric properties were analysed by examining internal consistency reliability and construct validity by principal component analysis (PCA).Results: The desire to work in nursing was classified into four categories: nature of the work, career opportunities, suitability for nursing and previous experiences. The internal consistency reliability of the four subscales was satisfactory. The PCA found only one factor with an eigenvalue over one, explaining 76% of the total variance.Conclusions: The instrument can be considered reliable and valid. Although theoretically the instrument contains four categories, a one-factor solution should be considered in the future.Impact statement: Evaluation of applicants' desire to work in nursing may provide a strategy to retain students.Plain Language summary: Individuals choose the nursing profession for variety of reasons. However, there is very little understanding of why nursing applicants desire to work in nursing. With the current challenges in the adequate staffing in the nursing workforce, it is important to understand any aspects that may be associated with student recruitment and retention. In this study, it was identified that nursing applicants desire to work in nursing because of the nature of the work, career opportunities, being suitable for nursing and of previous experiences. Instrument to measure this desire was developed and tested. The tests revealed that the instrument can be used reliably in this context. It is suggested that the developed instrument could be used as a pre-screening or self-assessment tool before applying to nursing education to provide further insights to applicants about their reasons for applying and an opportunity to reflect on their decision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsi Talman
- Equal contribution
- Department of Nursing Science, 20014 University of Turku, Finland , tel: +358 50 379 7913
| | - Henna Mäntylä
- WinNova (vocational education), Steniuksenkatu 8, 26100 Rauma, Finland , tel: +358 44 455 7106
| | - Maija Hupli
- Department of Nursing Science, 20014 University of Turku, Finland , tel: +358 50 379 7913
| | - Anne-Maria Kanerva
- Satakunta University of Applied Sciences, Satakunnankatu 23, 28101 Pori, Finland , tel: +358 44 710 3418
| | - Janne Engblom
- Turku School of Economics, 20014 University of Turku, Finland , tel: N/A
| | - Elina Haavisto
- Department of Nursing Science, 20014 University of Turku, Finland , tel: +358 50 379 7913
- Hospital District of Satakunta, Sairaalantie 3, 28500 Pori, Finland , tel: +358 50 598 5002
- Current organization, Department of Health Sciences, University of Tampere, Arvo Ylpön Katu 34, 33520 Tampere, Finland
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Chen D, Hayes MJ, Holden ACL. Investigation into the enablers and barriers of career satisfaction among Australian oral health therapists. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2023; 51:301-310. [PMID: 35349184 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This qualitative study explored the enablers and barriers of career satisfaction among Australian oral health therapists (OHTs) and the reasons behind career changes. METHODS Participants were recruited in 2 ways: 1) recruitment posts were made on the Facebook pages of two professional groups; and 2) an email was sent to the Doctor of Dental Medicine students of the University of Sydney School of Dentistry, inviting those with OHT qualifications to participate. Each participant completed a semi-structured interview which was guided by open-ended questions. The average interview length was 45 min. All interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim and manually coded. Thematic analysis of the qualitative data was completed using an inductive approach. RESULTS Twenty-one OHTs participated in this study. The enablers of OHT career satisfaction include clinical practice, job variety, career flexibility, being in a supportive team environment and the opportunity for constant learning and growth. The barriers to career satisfaction include musculoskeletal problems, restrictions on the scope of practice use, psychological stress and lack of recognition from others. OHTs remain in the profession due to stable income and employment opportunities. The main reasons for retirement were burnout and pursuing dentistry. OHTs pursue dentistry to expand their scope of practice. CONCLUSION This study revealed the enablers and barriers of OHT career satisfaction in an Australian context. OHTs are an important component of modern dental workforces, and reasons for attrition within the workforce are essential for maintaining responsiveness to community oral health needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Chen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney School of Dentistry, Surry Hills, NSW, Australia
| | - Melanie J Hayes
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney School of Dentistry, Surry Hills, NSW, Australia
| | - Alexander C L Holden
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney School of Dentistry, Surry Hills, NSW, Australia
- Sydney Dental Hospital and Oral Health Services, Sydney Local Health District, Surry Hills, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Graduate School of Health, The University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
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Bezerra HKF, Perez DEDC, Bonan PRF, Moret MA, Santos Silva AR, Martelli Júnior H. Postgraduate Employment Outcomes of Brazilian Oral Medicine and Oral Pathology Programs. Oral Dis 2023. [PMID: 36931731 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hélen Kaline Farias Bezerra
- DDS, MSc Student. Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Piracicaba Dental School, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Danyel Elias da Cruz Perez
- DDS, MSc, PhD. Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Departament of Clinical and Preventive Dentistry, Recife, Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo Albano Moret
- DDS, MSc, PhD. Universidade do Estado da Bahia, Department of Exact and Earth Sciences, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Alan Roger Santos Silva
- DDS, MSc, PhD. Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Piracicaba Dental School, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hercílio Martelli Júnior
- DDS, MSc, PhD. Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Quan IL, Sriram N, Lam E, Jain R, Boadi N, Singh A, Velasco V, O'Brian CA, Post SL, Simon MA. Project MED (Medicine, Exposure, and Development): Promoting Access to Healthcare Education for Historically Underrepresented Groups Through Community Engagement, Sustainability, and Technology. Clin Obstet Gynecol 2023; 66:4-13. [PMID: 36162089 PMCID: PMC9851938 DOI: 10.1097/grf.0000000000000743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
In the U.S., disparities in the healthcare workforce have led to inadequate health outcomes in communities of historically underserved groups. To address the lack of resources and opportunities in health career education for historically underserved group students, Project MED was established. The mission is to expose high school students to the breadth of opportunities in the healthcare field and to prepare students for successful careers in healthcare. Through 3 main pillars-Learn, Lead, and Launch-Project MED has developed a robust repository of 20 workshops, recruited and trained eight mentors, and curated a database of ≥100 opportunities for over 50 students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene L Quan
- Northwestern University, Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences
| | - Nikhil Sriram
- Northwestern University, Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences
| | - Emily Lam
- Northwestern University, Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences
| | - Rishi Jain
- Northwestern University, Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences
| | - Nathalie Boadi
- Northwestern University, Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences
| | - Aru Singh
- Northwestern University, Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences
| | | | - Catherine A O'Brian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Health Equity Transformation, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine
| | - Sharon L Post
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Health Equity Transformation, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine
| | - Melissa A Simon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Health Equity Transformation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
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Chowdhury N, Lake D, Turin TC. Choosing Alternative Career Pathways after Immigration: Aspects Internationally Educated Physicians Consider when Narrowing down Non-Physician Career Choices. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11050657. [PMID: 36900662 PMCID: PMC10000568 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11050657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Many developed countries admit internationally educated physicians (IEPs) as highly skilled migrants. The majority of IEPs arrive with the intention of becoming licensed physicians to no avail, resulting in underemployment and underutilization of this highly skilled group of people. Alternative careers in the health and wellness sector provide IEPs opportunities to use their skills and reclaim their lost professional identity; however, this path also includes great challenges. In this study, we determined factors that affect IEPs' decisions regarding their choice of alternative jobs. We conducted eight focus groups with 42 IEPs in Canada. Factors affecting IEPs' career decisions were related to their individual situations and tangible aspects of career exploration, including resources and skills. A number of factors were associated with IEPs' personal interests and goals, such as a passion for a particular career, which also varied across participants. Overall, IEPs interested in alternative careers took an adaptive approach, largely influenced by the need to earn a living in a foreign country and accommodate family needs and responsibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nashit Chowdhury
- Department of Family Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Alberta International Medical Graduates Association, Calgary, AB T2E 3K8, Canada
| | - Deidre Lake
- Alberta International Medical Graduates Association, Calgary, AB T2E 3K8, Canada
| | - Tanvir C. Turin
- Department of Family Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Correspondence:
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Querido SJ, de Rond MEJ, Wigersma L, ten Cate O. Some residents drop out of specialty training. How important is prior clinical experience? A survey among residents in the Netherlands. GMS J Med Educ 2023; 40:Doc5. [PMID: 36923321 PMCID: PMC10010763 DOI: 10.3205/zma001587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The drop-out rate among residents across all medical specialties in the Netherlands approximates 12.7%. This implies a capacity loss in the medical workforce, a waste of educational resources and personal damage to individuals. The aim of our study was to investigate reasons for dropping out of residency and the relationship with medical work experience after medical school and prior to residency, which is common among Dutch graduates. METHOD A questionnaire listing 28 reasons for drop-out was developed and tested. The questionnaire was sent in a nationwide survey to all residents who drop out between 1 September 2017 and 1 September 2019. The respondents were asked to indicate on a 5-point Likert scale, how they weighed reasons for drop-out. Factor analysis was applied to identify dominant factors. RESULTS The response rate was 39% (N=129; 99 females) representing all medical specialties. The factor structure of our measure showed 5 factors; high emotional job demands, lack of professional satisfaction, incompatible lifestyle, tensions in working relationships and disappointing career perspectives. Of the respondents 69 (54%) had prior clinical experience as a physician-not-in-training in the same medical specialty before residency. The factor "lack of professional satisfaction" weighed heavier for respondents without prior experience as a reason for drop-out. CONCLUSION Of influence on dropping out of residency is the lack of a clear image of the responsibilities as a physician within the residency of choice, fuelled by limited prior experience after medical school and before residency. One third of dropouts confirmed that prior physician experience within the same specialty could have prevented dropping out or prevented choosing this specialty in the first place.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie J. Querido
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Center for Research and Development of Education, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Central Board for Specialty training in Elderly Care Medicine in the Netherlands (SOON), Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Lode Wigersma
- Dutch Association of Public Health Physicians (VAV), Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ole ten Cate
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Center for Research and Development of Education, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Alibhai KM, Burhunduli P, Tarzi C, Patel K, Seabrook C, Brandys T. Transforming the "SEAD": Evaluation of a Virtual Surgical Exploration and Discovery Program and its Effects on Career Decision-Making. J Surg Educ 2023; 80:256-269. [PMID: 36333172 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsurg.2022.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The abrupt cessation of in-person education due to the COVID-19 pandemic has made it difficult for preclerkship students to explore a career in surgery. To supplement the lack of exposure, the Surgical Exploration and Discovery (SEAD) program was transitioned to an entirely virtual format. This study aims to describe the virtual SEAD program and evaluate its effectiveness as a career decision-making (CDM) intervention. DESIGN The week-long program was delivered on Microsoft Teams, featured 11 surgical specialties, and comprised four activities: live demonstrations, virtual operating room observerships, career talks, and technical skills workshops. The program was evaluated using the four levels of the Kirkpatrick model: (1) reactions, (2) knowledge, (3) CDM behaviors - assessed using the Career Decision-making Difficulties Questionnaire (CDDQ) - and (4) results. The latter was indirectly assessed using CDDQ scores from an in-person SEAD program, where lower CDDQ scores indicate less difficulty with CDM. SETTING Faculty of Medicine at the University of Ottawa in Ontario, Canada. PARTICIPANTS Forty pre-clerkship students (27 first and 13 second year students) at the University of Ottawa RESULTS: Level 1: 97.5% of participants rated the program as good or very good. Live demonstration and technical skills workshops were the highest rated activities. Level 2: participants' scores on knowledge-based questions about a surgical career significantly increased following the program (pre: 9/25 vs post: 15/25, p = 0.008). Level 3: overall mean CDDQ scores (±SD) decreased difficulties with significantly following the program (pre: 45.6 ± 10.5 vs post: 38.8 ± 10.9, p < 0.001), which indicates decreased CDM difficulties. Level 4: Except for one sub-category, the difference in mean CDDQ scores between the virtual and in-person programs were not significantly different. CONCLUSION The program received the positive reactions and significantly increased participants' knowledge. The change in CDDQ scores following the virtual program suggests it may reduce career decision-making difficulties in the short-term. In-person surgical exposure remains important; however, a hybrid model may be valuable in resource limited settings. WC: 300.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Kush Patel
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christine Seabrook
- Department of Surgery Office of Education, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tim Brandys
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital - General Campus, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Turin TC, Chowdhury N, Lake D. Alternative Careers toward Job Market Integration: Barriers Faced by International Medical Graduates in Canada. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:2311. [PMID: 36767681 PMCID: PMC9915349 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
International Medical Graduates (IMGs), who completed their medical degree and training outside Canada constitute a notable portion of the skilled migrants of the country. However, due to a long and uncertain licensure process and limited opportunities many IMGs look for alternative career pathways where they can utilize their learned skills. Alternative careers in the health and wellness sector may offer such opportunities; however, IMGs' success in these pathways were also less evident despite their high potential. In this study, we investigated the barriers that IMGs stated to face when attempting alternative jobs in Canada. Eight focus groups with 42 IMGs in Canada were conducted. Using a thematic analysis approach, we identified that IMGs encounter these barriers in different stages of their resettlement journey in Canada, including both the pre-migration and post-migration phases. In the pre-migration phase, IMGs were not aware of the success rates of the licensing pathways and did not have sufficient information regarding potential alternative careers. In the post-migration phase, the lack of information continues to affect IMGs where IMGs exhaust their resources pursuing alternative careers without proper guidance and support. Further, IMGs struggle with taking preparation for alternative careers by obtaining further certifications and completing other prerequisites for some barriers, such as financial constraints. While looking for jobs, some IMGs perceived systemic discrimination such as non-recognition of their credentials and experience. Furthermore, the mismatch of expectations and limited growth opportunities offered by potential careers serve to disincentivize IMGs from pursuing an alternative career. Addressing the current employment inequity experienced by IMGs in Canada warrants research collaborations between organizations supporting IMGs and policymakers that target known barriers to the pursuit of alternative careers by IMGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanvir C. Turin
- Department of Family Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Nashit Chowdhury
- Department of Family Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
- Alberta International Medical Graduates Association, Calgary, AB T2E 3K8, Canada
| | - Deidre Lake
- Alberta International Medical Graduates Association, Calgary, AB T2E 3K8, Canada
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Stein D. Influence of Selected Environmental Factors on the Business Type of Dentist's Practice in Germany: A Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Process With an Analytical Hierarchy Process. Inquiry 2023; 60:469580221146039. [PMID: 36624989 PMCID: PMC9834927 DOI: 10.1177/00469580221146039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
In the interests of satisfying the dental services demands of German citizens area-wide, constant, and thoughtful planning of supply and demand is essential. With an anonymous online survey of 375 dentists a pairwise comparison of 9 factors extracted as relevant from the existing scientific literature were analyzed with an analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and ranked considering the various business types. In general, 5 local environmental factors have a dominant impact on founders' decision in German dentistry. In order: environment for the family, quality of life in private environment, real income, location of the practice, infrastructure. Real income is in first place (p = 0.287) for dentists who want to start a new single practice. For preferring a new community practice, it is on third place (p = 0.177) and for dentists who favor a takeover a single practice (p = 0.130) or joining a community practice (p = 0.096) or employment (p = 0.111) it is fourth place. For this purpose, the location of the practice is of greater priority than the real income for dentists who prefer not to start a new practice. The AHP method is a way to picture a priority list out of all relevant factors for setting up of a dental practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Stein
- Mendel University, Brno, Czech
Republic,David Stein, Faculty of Business Management
and Economics, Mendel University, Zemědělská 1/1665, Brno 613 00, Czech
Republic.
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Stein D. Location Factors Impact the Career Choice of German Dental Practitioners - An Empirical Analytical Approach to Multi-Criteria Decision-Making. Health Serv Res Manag Epidemiol 2023; 10:23333928231186215. [PMID: 37464989 PMCID: PMC10350783 DOI: 10.1177/23333928231186215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives In light of the increasing number of employed dentists and the decreasing rate of self-employed dentists, the factors that impact the decision to set up a dental office in Germany were investigated. Central to this approach is the provision of comprehensive dental care. Methods Using a pairwise comparison technique, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), location factors identified as relevant in a systematic literature review and then prioritized by the professionals were weighted and ranked. Results According to this, five factors generally dominate the decision to open a dental office. These are, in descending order: environment for the family, quality of life in the private environment, real income, perception of location, and good infrastructure. The strongest impact on the rank order of the influencing factors is the socio-demographic characteristic of gender. For female dentists, the family environment is in the first place (p = .3196/C.R. = 0.1502). For male colleagues, this influence ranks third (p = .1550/C.R. = 0.1468) and real income receives the first place (p = .244/C.R. = 0.1468). For female dentists, the influence of income ranks fifth (p = .076/C.R. = 0.1502). Female and male dentists who grew up in rural areas were less likely to prefer employment (13.6%) than subjects of urban origin (40.2%). Conclusion The method of AHP is a way to map a priority list of all relevant factors. It can successfully show variations related to specific personal attributes. Obviously, there are factors that are of greater importance for the decision-making process to set up a dental office.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Stein
- Faculty of Business Management and Economics, Mendel University, Brno, Czech Republic
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Meyer JA, Connell CJW, Rennie S, Verstappen AC, Poole PJ. Women's interest in surgery as a career in the early postgraduate period: a national longitudinal study. ANZ J Surg 2023; 93:83-89. [PMID: 35848599 DOI: 10.1111/ans.17916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women remain underrepresented in Surgery in Aotearoa New Zealand (AoNZ). This study described interest in surgical careers by gender in the early postgraduate period and associated influencing factors. METHODS AoNZ medical graduates between 2012 and 2016 responding to an Exit Questionnaire (EQ) at graduation and 3 years later (PGY3) as part of the Medical Schools Outcomes Database and Longitudinal Tracking Project (MSOD) were included. Analyses of specialty preferences and influences by gender were performed. RESULTS Of 992 participants, 58% were women. At EQ, 158 participants (16%) had a surgical preference: 21% of men and 14% of women (P < 0.01). By PGY3, this was 20% of men and 10% of women (P < 0.01). A logistic regression found women were half as likely as men to have a surgical preference at PGY3. Those with a surgical preference at EQ were over 23 times more likely to have a surgical preference at PGY3, irrespective of gender. There were significant differences in self-reported career influencing factors between women and men at EQ and PGY3, as well as between PGY3 women with a surgical and those with a non-surgical preference. These included nature of the specialty, training requirements, lifestyle, family and personal factors. CONCLUSIONS Increasing the proportion of women in Surgery requires a multifaceted approach starting during medical school and continuing through early postgraduate years. More needs to be done to make surgical experiences as an undergraduate and junior doctor appealing to women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette A Meyer
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Charlotte J W Connell
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Sarah Rennie
- Education Unit, University of Otago, Wellington, Aotearoa, New Zealand
| | - Antonia C Verstappen
- Centre for Medical and Health Sciences Education, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Phillippa J Poole
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Bryce I, Pye D, Beccaria G, McIlveen P, Du Preez J. A Systematic Literature Review of the Career Choice of Helping Professionals Who Have Experienced Cumulative Harm as a Result of Adverse Childhood Experiences. Trauma Violence Abuse 2023; 24:72-85. [PMID: 34000930 DOI: 10.1177/15248380211016016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The pervasive effects of cumulative harm resulting from adverse childhood experiences influence all aspects of an individual's life course. Research highlights a relationship between early trauma and career choice; however, there is a dearth of research pertaining specifically to cumulative harm and the influence on career choice in the helping professions. A systematic literature review was conducted to explore the associations of cumulative harm and childhood trauma on career decision making in people in the helping professions. A search was conducted across databases between February 1990 and February 2019 relevant to searches combining three areas of interest: (a) "childhood trauma," (b) "career choice," and (c) "helping professionals." Database searches and further manual searches yielded a total of 208 articles, and 28 studies satisfied all inclusion criteria. Only studies that were peer-reviewed and published between February 1990 and February 2019 were included. The evidence from the review indicated that family of origin dysfunction, parentification, individual characteristics, and traits developed through adversity, and experiential motivations were associated with the career choice in the helping professions. Further research is required to explore different professional cohorts and the utility of life themes as both a source of data for research and reflexive practice in helping professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- India Bryce
- School of Education, 7932University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
| | - David Pye
- School of Education, 7932University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Gavin Beccaria
- School of Psychology and Counselling, 7932University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Peter McIlveen
- School of Education, 7932University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jan Du Preez
- School of Psychology and Counselling, 7932University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
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Doan LP, Le LK, Dam VAT, Vu TMT, Boyer L, Auquier P, Fond G, Tran B, Latkin CA, Ho RCM, Ho CSH, Zhang MWB. Impact of COVID-19 on the change in work conditions and career choices in general Vietnamese population. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1106036. [PMID: 37124796 PMCID: PMC10140511 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1106036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The onset of COVID-19 has resulted in both morbidity and mortality. It also has a consequential impact on the Vietnamese economy. Prior studies have examined the impact of COVID-19 on healthcare professionals' career decisions. However, no study remains to have examined the work conditions and career choices in a general Vietnamese population. Our study aims to identify factors associated with the change in work conditions and career choices in general Vietnamese population. Methods An online cross-sectional study between September 2021 through to November 2021 (during the Omicron COVID-19 pandemic). Snowball sampling method was utilized in recruiting the participants. The questionnaire used in this study included the following questions: (a) Socio-demographic information; (b) impact of COVID-19 on personal habits/daily expenses; (c) Current nature of work and impact of COVID-19 on work; (d) Impact of COVID-19 on career decisions. Data analysis was performed using STATA version 16. Descriptive analysis followed by Ordered logit regression was performed, to identify potential covariates. Results Six hundred and fifty participants were recruited, of which only 645 completed the survey. The completion rate was 99.2%. This study demonstrated the impact that COVID-19 has on finances, as only 32% of those sampled reported that they were able to pay in full. 46.6% of the respondents have had a decrease in their overall household income. With regards to their employment and work characteristics, 41.0% reported a decrease in their work satisfaction and 39.0% reported having reduced motivation for work. Females were less likely to consider transiting from their current job to another field than male participants. Respondents who were married, had a higher level of commitment to their current job, and lower inclination to transition to another field. Respondents experiencing financial difficulties were more likely to consider a transition to another field/work. Conclusion This is perhaps one of the first studies to have examined the impact of COVID-19 on work intentions regarding career choices and transitions in the general Vietnamese population. Future financial policies must take into consideration these factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linh Phuong Doan
- Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
- Faculty of Medicine, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
- *Correspondence: Linh Phuong Doan,
| | - Linh Khanh Le
- Institute of Health Economics and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Vu Anh Trong Dam
- Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
- Faculty of Medicine, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | | | - Laurent Boyer
- Research Centre on Health Services and Quality of Life, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Pascal Auquier
- Research Centre on Health Services and Quality of Life, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Guillaume Fond
- Research Centre on Health Services and Quality of Life, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Bach Tran
- Research Centre on Health Services and Quality of Life, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Carl A. Latkin
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Roger C. M. Ho
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Institute for Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Cyrus S. H. Ho
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Melvyn W. B. Zhang
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
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Li STT, Turner AL, Naifeh MM, Stevenson MD, Abramson EL, Winn AS, Gregg C, Leslie LK. COVID-19 Pandemic Impact on Pediatricians Entering the Pediatric Workforce. Acad Pediatr 2022:S1876-2859(22)00627-1. [PMID: 36566950 PMCID: PMC9773697 DOI: 10.1016/j.acap.2022.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Determine extent of impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on career choice and employment of pediatricians entering pediatric workforce. METHODS A national, cross-sectional electronic survey of pediatricians registering for the 2021 American Board of Pediatrics initial general certifying examination on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on 3 aspects of career (career choice, employment search, employment offers) was performed. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression to determine factors associated with the pandemic's impact on career. Thematic analysis was used to generate themes for open-ended survey questions. RESULTS Over half (52.3%, 1767 of 3380) of pediatricians responded. Overall, 29.1% reported that the pandemic impacted their career (career choice [10.4%], employment search [15.6%], or employment offers [19.0%]); applicants to general pediatrics (GP) (52.9%) or pediatric hospitalist (PH) positions (49.3%) were most affected. Multivariate logistic regression modeling found those applying to GP (odds ratio [OR]: 3.83, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.22-6.60), PH (OR: 9.02, 95% CI: 5.60-14.52), and International Medical Graduates (IMGs) (OR: 1.90; 95% CI: 1.39-2.59) most likely to experience any career impact. CONCLUSIONS Almost one third of pediatricians registering for the initial general pediatrics certifying examination reported their careers were impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, with 10% of respondents reporting the pandemic impacted their career choice. Half of new pediatricians seeking employment reported being impacted by the pandemic, particularly IMGs. As the pandemic evolves, career advising will continue to be critical to support trainees in their career choices and employment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Ting T. Li
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California Davis (S-TT Li), Sacramento, Calif,Address correspondence to Su-Ting T. Li, MD, MPH; Department of Pediatrics, University of California Davis, 2156 Stockton Blvd, Sacramento, CA 95817
| | - Adam L. Turner
- Department of Pediatrics, American Board of Pediatrics (AL Turner, C Gregg, and LK Leslie), Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Monique M. Naifeh
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (MM Naifeh), Oklahoma City, Okla
| | - Michelle D. Stevenson
- Norton Children's Affiliated With the University of Louisville School of Medicine (MD Stevenson), Louisville, Ky
| | - Erika L. Abramson
- Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medical Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Cornell University (EL Abramson), New York, NY
| | - Ariel S. Winn
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (AS Winn), Boston, Mass
| | - Crista Gregg
- Department of Pediatrics, American Board of Pediatrics (AL Turner, C Gregg, and LK Leslie), Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Laurel K. Leslie
- Department of Pediatrics, American Board of Pediatrics (AL Turner, C Gregg, and LK Leslie), Chapel Hill, NC
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Alomaish AR, El Hassan LAM, Mahfouz MS, Haidar WN, M Omer HEO. Medical Students' Perception Towards Choosing Pathology Program at Jazan University, Saudi Arabia. Adv Med Educ Pract 2022; 13:1465-1474. [PMID: 36530579 PMCID: PMC9749412 DOI: 10.2147/amep.s386194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The selection of a specific medical specialty is crucial to medical students and is increasingly associated with future job satisfaction and success in the medical field. We aim to evaluate the perception of medical students at Jazan University towards choosing pathology as a future career and the factors influencing their decisions in order to better the employability of graduates and provide information to both the labor force and curriculum designers. METHODS An observational cross-sectional study was conducted among a random sample of (391) students at the faculty of medicine, Jazan University, from the 2nd to 6th year who registered as a formal student in the academic year 2021/2022. Data was collected via (web-based) a self-administered questionnaire because of COVID-19 pandemic. Chi-squared tests and regression analysis were performed. RESULTS In this investigation, 92.9% of participants responded. Only 16.2% of undergraduates selected pathology as a future career choice. Among the participants who desired to choose pathology as a career, 28.6% preferred hematopathology as a future sub-specialty. Around 16% considered the most crucial reason for not choosing pathology is the preference for direct patient contact. The differences in age groups, academic level, GPA, and educational level of father between respondents who having a desire to choose pathology as a future career were found to be significantly different. CONCLUSION Among the respondents involved in this study, only 16.2% were interested in pathology, while 3.1% chose the field as their first future career choice. Our findings can be applied to help undergraduate better prepare for the future and encourage them to apply to the pathology program to address the shortage of pathologists in the area. Qualitative research is a need to explore the perceptions of current pathology residents and the reasons that can encourage them to choose this important specialization as a future career.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mohamed Salih Mahfouz
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
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Le Floch B, Bastiaens H, Le Reste JY, Nabbe P, Le Floch P, Cam M, Montier T, Peremans L. Job satisfaction criteria to improve general practitioner recruitment: a Delphi consensus. Fam Pract 2022:cmac140. [PMID: 36472943 DOI: 10.1093/fampra/cmac140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The clinical general practitioner (GP) workforce is decreasing. Many studies have analysed the negative aspects of the profession but, few examine the positive aspects and job satisfaction. A European collaborative group including 8 participating countries recently conducted a qualitative study to analyse the positive factors and found 31 job satisfaction factors. OBJECTIVES To determine which of these 31 factors are important and applicable to future policies to improve family medicine attractiveness, recruitment, and retention in France. METHOD The Delphi consensus method was chosen. Two Delphi rounds were conducted in March-April 2017 and retained satisfaction factors with at least 70% of scores ≥7. The Nominal Group Technique (NGT) was used to rank these retained factors. Participants assigned 5 points to the factor they considered most important, 3 points to the second, and 1 point to the third. Factors receiving at least 5% (10 points) of the total points (198 points) were included in the final list. The expert panel included GPs and non-GPs. RESULTS Twenty-nine experts began the procedure and 22 completed it. Thirty factors were retained after the 2 Delphi rounds. The NGT resulted in 8 factors: (i) Engage in family medicine to take care of the patients; (ii) Care coordination, patient advocacy; (iii) Flexibility in work; (iv) Trying to be a person-centred doctor; (v) Involvement in healthcare organization; (vi) Benefiting from a well-managed practice; (vii) Being a teacher, a trainer; (viii) Efficient professional collaboration. CONCLUSION These 8 job satisfaction factors are important to consider and apply to future policy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernard Le Floch
- Department of Family Practice, University of Western Brittany, Brest, France
| | - Hilde Bastiaens
- Department of Primary and Interdisciplinary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jean-Yves Le Reste
- Department of Family Practice, University of Western Brittany, Brest, France
| | - Patrice Nabbe
- Department of Family Practice, University of Western Brittany, Brest, France
| | - Perrine Le Floch
- Department of Family Practice, University of Western Brittany, Brest, France
| | - Mael Cam
- Department of Family Practice, University of Western Brittany, Brest, France
| | - Tristan Montier
- Department of Family Practice, University of Western Brittany, Brest, France
- INSERM 1078 unit, SFR 148 ScInBioS unit, European University of Brittany, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Brest, France
| | - Lieve Peremans
- Department of Primary and Interdisciplinary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Mental Health and Wellbeing Research Group, University of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
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Peng P, Yang WF, Liu Y, Chen S, Wang Y, Yang Q, Wang X, Li M, Wang Y, Hao Y, He L, Wang Q, Zhang J, Ma Y, He H, Zhou Y, Long J, Qi C, Tang YY, Liao Y, Tang J, Wu Q, Liu T. High prevalence and risk factors of dropout intention among Chinese medical postgraduates. Med Educ Online 2022; 27:2058866. [PMID: 35356865 PMCID: PMC8979499 DOI: 10.1080/10872981.2022.2058866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A high attrition rate in medical students has exacerbated the physician shortage in China. However, few studies have explored the risk factors of dropout intention in medical postgraduates. This study compared the prevalence of dropout intention and mental distress between medical and non-medical postgraduates in China and investigated risk factors for dropout intention. This study also explored the impact of medical postgraduates' perception of the Chinese healthcare environment on their mental status and dropout intention. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted using online questionnaires from October 2020 to April 2021. Convenience sampling was used to recruit postgraduates in different majors. Outcomes included dropout intention and potential risk factors, including mental distress, quality of life, and fatigue. Medical postgraduates were additionally assessed for healthcare environment satisfaction, burnout, career choice regret, and experiences of workplace violence. A logistic regression model was constructed to evaluate the association between dissatisfaction, mental distress, and turnover intention. RESULTS A total of 740 medical and 670 non-medical postgraduates participated in the survey. The rates of depression symptoms (33.8% vs. 39.0%, p < 0.001), anxiety symptoms (22.2% vs. 32.4%, p < 0.001), and somatic symptoms (34.7% vs. 42.4%, p = 0.004) were lower in medical postgraduates, while more medical postgraduates (58.4% vs. 48.4%, p < 0.001) reported dropout intention. Dissatisfaction with the healthcare environment (odds ratio [OR]: 1.65; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.17-2.34, p = 0.005), career choice regret (OR: 6.23; 95% CI: 4.42-8.78, p < 0.001), and high perceived stress (OR: 2.74; 95%CI: 1.90-3.94, p < 0.001) remained independently associated with turnover intention. CONCLUSIONS Mental distress is common among postgraduates, calling for timely interventions. Medical postgraduates reported higher turnover intention. Healthcare environment perception also affected the mental health and dropout intentions of medical students. A decent future income, reduced workload, shorter duration medical training, and better doctor-patient relationships are urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Peng
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China
| | - Winson Fuzun Yang
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Tx, USA
| | - Yueheng Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China
| | - Shubao Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China
| | - Yunfei Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China
| | - Qian Yang
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China
| | - Xin Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China
| | - Manyun Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China
| | - Yingying Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China
| | - Yuzhu Hao
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China
| | - Li He
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China
| | - Qianjin Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China
| | - Junhong Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China
| | - Yuejiao Ma
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China
| | - Haoyu He
- Department of Psycholoy, College of Education, Hunan First Normol University, Changsha, China
| | - Yanan Zhou
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Hunan Brain Hospital (Hunan Second People’s Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Jiang Long
- Institute of Mental Health Management (SJTU/CHDI), Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chang Qi
- Department of Psychiatry, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College Hangzhou, . Zhejiang, P.RChina
| | - Yi-Yuan Tang
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Yanhui Liao
- Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, Zhejiang, P. RChina
| | - Jinsong Tang
- Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, Zhejiang, P. RChina
| | - Qiuxia Wu
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China
- CONTACT Qiuxia Wu, Department of Psychiatry and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011China
| | - Tieqiao Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China
- Tieqiao Liu, Department of Psychiatry and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011China
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50
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Marroquin BM. Wake up to the gender gap in academic anesthesiology and address the pipeline. Proc AMIA Symp 2022; 36:135-137. [PMID: 36578603 PMCID: PMC9762746 DOI: 10.1080/08998280.2022.2128624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Diversity, equity, and inclusion are important values in health care and academic medicine. Although women have comprised nearly 50% of all US medical school graduates since the early 2000s, gender disparities continue in many specialties and persist in medical education leadership. For women in anesthesiology, gender inequities exist along the academic pipeline, with greater disparity in the higher ranks of academia and leadership. Successful endeavors to improve gender equity in the specialty include increasing awareness, engaging in faculty development, and encouraging transparent promotions processes. The strides will be short and change will be slow unless we shift focus to when the gender imbalance begins-at the transition from undergraduate medical education to graduate medical education. Currently women comprise 37% of academic anesthesiology faculty; however, the current resident pool is only 33% women. If recruitment of a gender-equitable workforce at the undergraduate-to-graduate medical education transition is not a priority, the downstream measures will have minimal impact toward gender equity in academic anesthesiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridget M. Marroquin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Robert Larner, MD College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont,Corresponding author: Bridget M. Marroquin, MD, MSHPE, Department of Anesthesiology, Robert Larner, MD College of Medicine, University of Vermont, 111 Colchester Avenue, WP2, Burlington, VT05401 (e-mail: )
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