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Zhang B, Wang Y, Niu K, Liu Z, Zheng Y. [Efficient synthesis of L-methionine by engineering the one carbon module of Escherichia coli]. Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao 2023; 39:3302-3317. [PMID: 37622362 DOI: 10.13345/j.cjb.230138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
L-methionine, also known as L-aminomethane, is one of the eight essential amino acids required by the human body and has important applications in the fields of feed, medicine, and food. In this study, an L-methionine high-yielding strain was constructed using a modular metabolic engineering strategy based on the M2 strain (Escherichia coli W3110 ΔIJAHFEBC/PAM) previously constructed in our laboratory. Firstly, the production of one-carbon module methyl donors was enhanced by overexpression of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, MetF) and screening of hydroxymethyltransferase (GlyA) from different sources, optimizing the one-carbon module. Subsequently, cysteamine lyase (hydroxymethyltransferase, MalY) and cysteine internal transporter gene (fliY) were overexpressed to improve the supply of L-homocysteine and L-cysteine, two precursors of the one-carbon module. The production of L-methionine in shake flask fermentation was increased from 2.8 g/L to 4.05 g/L, and up to 18.26 g/L in a 5 L fermenter. The results indicate that the one carbon module has a significant impact on the biosynthesis of L-methionine, and efficient biosynthesis of L-methionine can be achieved through optimizing the one carbon module. This study may facilitate further improvement of microbial fermentation production of L-methionine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhang
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ying Wang
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kun Niu
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuguo Zheng
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China
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Zhang B, Chen K, Yang H, Wu Z, Liu Z, Zheng Y. [Construction of an l-cysteine hyper-producing strain of Escherichia coli based on a balanced carbon and sulfur module strategy]. Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao 2022; 38:4567-4586. [PMID: 36593194 DOI: 10.13345/j.cjb.220134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
l-cysteine is an important sulfur-containing α-amino acid. It exhibits multiple physiological functions with diverse applications in pharmaceutical cosmetics and food industry. Here, a strategy of coordinated gene expression between carbon and sulfur modules in Escherichia coli was proposed and conducted for the production of l-cysteine. Initially, the titer of l-cysteine was improved to (0.38±0.02) g/L from zero by enhancing the biosynthesis of l-serine module (serAf, serB and serCCg) and overexpression of CysB. Then, promotion of l-cysteine transporter, increased assimilation of sulfur, reduction or deletion of l-cysteine and l-serine degradation pathway and enhanced expression of cysEf (encoding serine acetyltransferase) and cysBSt (encoding transcriptional dual regulator CysB) were achieved, resulting in an improved l-cysteine titer (3.82±0.01) g/L. Subsequently, expressions of cysM, nrdH, cysK and cysIJ genes that were involved in sulfur module were regulated synergistically with carbon module combined with utilization of sulfate and thiosulfate, resulting in a strain producing (4.17±0.07) g/L l-cysteine in flask shake and (11.94±0.1) g/L l-cysteine in 2 L bioreactor. Our results indicated that efficient biosynthesis of l-cysteine could be achieved by a proportional supply of sulfur and carbon in vivo. This study would facilitate the commercial bioproduction of l-cysteine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhang
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kai Chen
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hui Yang
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zidan Wu
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuguo Zheng
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China
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Jin X, Baysal C, Drapal M, Sheng Y, Huang X, He W, Shi L, Capell T, Fraser PD, Christou P, Zhu C. The Coordinated Upregulated Expression of Genes Involved in MEP, Chlorophyll, Carotenoid and Tocopherol Pathways, Mirrored the Corresponding Metabolite Contents in Rice Leaves during De-Etiolation. Plants (Basel) 2021; 10:1456. [PMID: 34371659 DOI: 10.3390/plants10071456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Light is an essential regulator of many developmental processes in higher plants. We investigated the effect of 4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enyl diphosphate reductase 1/2 genes (OsHDR1/2) and isopentenyl diphosphate isomerase 1/2 genes (OsIPPI1/2) on the biosynthesis of chlorophylls, carotenoids, and phytosterols in 14-day-old etiolated rice (Oyza sativa L.) leaves during de-etiolation. However, little is known about the effect of isoprenoid biosynthesis genes on the corresponding metabolites during the de-etiolation of etiolated rice leaves. The results showed that the levels of α-tocopherol were significantly increased in de-etiolated rice leaves. Similar to 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase 3 gene (OsDXS3), both OsDXS1 and OsDXS2 genes encode functional 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase (DXS) activities. Their expression patterns and the synthesis of chlorophyll, carotenoid, and tocopherol metabolites suggested that OsDXS1 is responsible for the biosynthesis of plastidial isoprenoids in de-etiolated rice leaves. The expression analysis of isoprenoid biosynthesis genes revealed that the coordinated expression of the MEP (2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate) pathway, chlorophyll, carotenoid, and tocopherol pathway genes mirrored the changes in the levels of the corresponding metabolites during de-etiolation. The underpinning mechanistic basis of coordinated light-upregulated gene expression was elucidated during the de-etiolation process, specifically the role of light-responsive cis-regulatory motifs in the promoter region of these genes. In silico promoter analysis showed that the light-responsive cis-regulatory elements presented in all the promoter regions of each light-upregulated gene, providing an important link between observed phenotype during de-etiolation and the molecular machinery controlling expression of these genes.
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Abstract
Fine tuning of the transcriptional program requires the competing action of multiple protein complexes in a well-organized environment. Genome folding creates proximity between genes, leading to accumulation of regulatory factors and formation of local microenvironments. Many roles of this complex organization controlling gene transcription remain to be explored. In this Perspective, we are proposing the existence of a transcriptional ecosystem equilibrium: a mechanism balancing transcriptional regulation between connected genes during environmental disturbances. This model is derived from chromosome architecture studies assigning genes to specific DNA structures and evidence establishing that the transcription machinery and coregulators create dynamic phase separation droplets surrounding active genes. Defining connected genes as ecosystems rather than individuals will cement that transcriptional regulation is a biochemical equilibrium and force a reassessment of direct and indirect responses to environmental disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maruhen A D Silveira
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec - Université Laval, Axe Oncologie, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC G1R 3S3, Canada
| | - Steve Bilodeau
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec - Université Laval, Axe Oncologie, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC G1R 3S3, Canada; Centre de Recherche en Données Massives de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; Département de Biologie Moléculaire, Biochimie Médicale et Pathologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
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