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Mirzaee Z, Sadeghi S, Ballarin F, Schmitt T, Simões M, Wiemers M. Life history and biogeography of the enigmatic mantid Nilomantisfloweri (Mantodea, Nanomantidae). Zookeys 2023; 1173:275-295. [PMID: 37577153 PMCID: PMC10422127 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1173.107204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The biology and distribution patterns of the Sahelian mantid species Nilomantisfloweri are still insufficiently known. For the first time, records are confirmed of this species from Iran and the distribution map of its native range is updated. Records are compiled from the Sahel zone of North Africa, the Arabian Peninsula, and Iran. Detailed information on its biology, oothecal characteristics, male genitalia variation, and intraspecific molecular diversity in the mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidase are provided, and ecological niche modelling was used to gain insight into the overall species distribution and understand its climatic niche limits. Genetic analysis revealed only one haplotype shared between Iran and Oman. The Iranian populations likely represent two distinct clusters, both more related to the diverse Oman haplotypes than to each other. Based on new data, N.floweri appears to be mostly associated with coastal areas in southwestern Asia, with the vast majority of records found along the Red Sea, Persian Gulf, and Oman Gulf coasts. This distribution contrasts markedly with N.floweri records in the Sahel, where most collections have been reported in the transitional zone between the southern Sahara and arid thorn savannah, far off the coast. This study contributes to a comprehensive understanding of this still enigmatic mantid species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Mirzaee
- Senckenberg German Entomological Institute, Eberswalder Str. 90, 15374 Müncheberg, GermanySenckenberg German Entomological InstituteMünchebergGermany
- Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, IranShiraz UniversityShirazIran
- Entomology and Biogeography, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Potsdam, D-14476 Potsdam, GermanyTokyo Metropolitan UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Saber Sadeghi
- Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, IranShiraz UniversityShirazIran
| | - Francesco Ballarin
- Entomology and Biogeography, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Potsdam, D-14476 Potsdam, GermanyTokyo Metropolitan UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Thomas Schmitt
- Senckenberg German Entomological Institute, Eberswalder Str. 90, 15374 Müncheberg, GermanySenckenberg German Entomological InstituteMünchebergGermany
- Systematic Zoology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-Osawa, Hachioji-shi, 192-0397, Tokyo, JapanTokyo Metropolitan UniversityTokyoGermany
| | - Marianna Simões
- Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, Frankfurt, GermanySenckenberg Research Institute and Natural History MuseumFrankfurtGermany
| | - Martin Wiemers
- Senckenberg German Entomological Institute, Eberswalder Str. 90, 15374 Müncheberg, GermanySenckenberg German Entomological InstituteMünchebergGermany
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Bao F, Xin Z, Liu M, Li J, Gao Y, Lu Q, Wu B. Contrasting Regulators of the Onset and End of the Seed Release Phenology of a Temperate Desert Shrub Nitraria tangutorum. Plants (Basel) 2022; 12:88. [PMID: 36616216 PMCID: PMC9823625 DOI: 10.3390/plants12010088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Seed release is crucial in the reproductive cycle of many desert plant species, but their responses to precipitation changes are still unclear. To clarify the response patterns, we conducted a long-term in situ water addition experiment with five treatments, including natural precipitation (control) plus an extra 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% of the local mean annual precipitation (145 mm), in a temperate desert in northwestern China. Both the onset and end of the seed release phenophase of the locally dominant shrub, Nitraria tangutorum, were observed from 2012 to 2018. The results showed that both the onset and end time of seed release, especially the end time, were significantly affected by water addition treatment. On average, the end time of seed release was advanced by 3.9 d, 7.3 d, 10.8 d, and 3.8 d under +25%, +50%, +75%, and +100% water addition treatments, respectively, over the seven-year study, compared with the control. The changes in the onset time were relatively small (only several hours), and the duration of seed release was shortened by 4.0 d, 7.5 d, 10.8 d, and 2.0 d under +25%, +50%, +75%, and +100% water addition treatments, respectively. The onset and end time of seed release varied greatly between the years. Preceding fruit ripening and summer temperature jointly regulated the inter-annual variation of the onset time of seed release, while the cumulative summer precipitation played a key role in driving the inter-annual variation of the end time. The annual mean temperature controlled the inter-annual variation of the seed release duration, and these interactions were all non-linear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Bao
- Institute of Desertification Studies, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
- Institute of Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
- Key Laboratory for Desert Ecosystem and Global Change, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
- Gansu Minqin Desert Ecosystem National Observation Research Station, Wuwei 733300, China
| | - Zhiming Xin
- Experimental Center of Desert Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Bayannaoer 015200, China
| | - Minghu Liu
- Experimental Center of Desert Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Bayannaoer 015200, China
| | - Jiazhu Li
- Institute of Desertification Studies, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
- Institute of Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Ying Gao
- Institute of Desertification Studies, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
- Institute of Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Qi Lu
- Institute of Desertification Studies, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
- Institute of Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
- Experimental Center of Desert Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Bayannaoer 015200, China
| | - Bo Wu
- Institute of Desertification Studies, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
- Institute of Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
- Key Laboratory for Desert Ecosystem and Global Change, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
- Gansu Minqin Desert Ecosystem National Observation Research Station, Wuwei 733300, China
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Eshel G, Duppen N, Wang G, Oh D, Kazachkova Y, Herzyk P, Amtmann A, Gordon M, Chalifa‐Caspi V, Oscar MA, Bar‐David S, Marshall‐Colon A, Dassanayake M, Barak S. Positive selection and heat-response transcriptomes reveal adaptive features of the Brassicaceae desert model, Anastatica hierochuntica. New Phytol 2022; 236:1006-1026. [PMID: 35909295 PMCID: PMC9804903 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Plant adaptation to a desert environment and its endemic heat stress is poorly understood at the molecular level. The naturally heat-tolerant Brassicaceae species Anastatica hierochuntica is an ideal extremophyte model to identify genetic adaptations that have evolved to allow plants to tolerate heat stress and thrive in deserts. We generated an A. hierochuntica reference transcriptome and identified extremophyte adaptations by comparing Arabidopsis thaliana and A. hierochuntica transcriptome responses to heat, and detecting positively selected genes in A. hierochuntica. The two species exhibit similar transcriptome adjustment in response to heat and the A. hierochuntica transcriptome does not exist in a constitutive heat 'stress-ready' state. Furthermore, the A. hierochuntica global transcriptome as well as heat-responsive orthologs, display a lower basal and higher heat-induced expression than in A. thaliana. Genes positively selected in multiple extremophytes are associated with stomatal opening, nutrient acquisition, and UV-B induced DNA repair while those unique to A. hierochuntica are consistent with its photoperiod-insensitive, early-flowering phenotype. We suggest that evolution of a flexible transcriptome confers the ability to quickly react to extreme diurnal temperature fluctuations characteristic of a desert environment while positive selection of genes involved in stress tolerance and early flowering could facilitate an opportunistic desert lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gil Eshel
- Albert Katz International School for Desert StudiesBen‐Gurion University of the NegevSde Boqer CampusMidreshet Ben‐Gurion8499000Israel
| | - Nick Duppen
- Albert Katz International School for Desert StudiesBen‐Gurion University of the NegevSde Boqer CampusMidreshet Ben‐Gurion8499000Israel
| | - Guannan Wang
- Department of Biological SciencesLouisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLA70803USA
| | - Dong‐Ha Oh
- Department of Biological SciencesLouisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLA70803USA
| | - Yana Kazachkova
- Albert Katz International School for Desert StudiesBen‐Gurion University of the NegevSde Boqer CampusMidreshet Ben‐Gurion8499000Israel
| | - Pawel Herzyk
- Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowG12 8QQUK
| | - Anna Amtmann
- Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowG12 8QQUK
| | - Michal Gordon
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, The National Institute for Biotechnology in the NegevBen‐Gurion University of the NegevBeer‐Sheva8410501Israel
| | - Vered Chalifa‐Caspi
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, The National Institute for Biotechnology in the NegevBen‐Gurion University of the NegevBeer‐Sheva8410501Israel
| | - Michelle Arland Oscar
- Blaustein Center for Scientific CooperationBen‐Gurion University of the NegevSde Boqer CampusMidreshet Ben‐Gurion8499000Israel
| | - Shirli Bar‐David
- Mitrani Department of Desert Ecology, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert ResearchBen‐Gurion University of the NegevSde Boqer CampusMidreshet Ben‐Gurion8499000Israel
| | - Amy Marshall‐Colon
- Department of Plant BiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIL61801USA
| | - Maheshi Dassanayake
- Department of Biological SciencesLouisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLA70803USA
| | - Simon Barak
- French Associates' Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert ResearchBen‐Gurion University of the NegevSde Boqer CampusMidreshet Ben‐Gurion8499000Israel
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Al Salameen F, Habibi N, Al Amad S, Al Doaij B. Genetic Diversity of Rhanterium eppaposum Oliv. Populations in Kuwait as Revealed by GBS. Plants (Basel) 2022; 11:1435. [PMID: 35684208 PMCID: PMC9183190 DOI: 10.3390/plants11111435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Natural populations of Rhanterium eppaposum Oliv. (Arfaj), a perennial forage shrub, have depleted due to unethical human interventions and climate change in Kuwait. Therefore, there is an urgent need to conserve this native plant through the assessment of its genetic diversity and population structure. Genotyping by sequencing (GBS) has recently emerged as a powerful tool for the molecular diversity analysis of higher plants without prior knowledge of their genome. This study represents the first effort in using GBS to discover genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of local Rhanterium plants to assess the genetic diversity present in landraces collected from six different locations in Kuwait. The study generated a novel set of 11,231 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and indels (insertions and deletions) in 98 genotypes of Rhanterium. The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed ~1.5% variation residing among the six populations, ~5% among the individuals within the population and 93% variation present within the populations (FST = 0.029; p = 0.0). Bayesian and UPGMA analyses identified two admixed clusters of the tested samples; however, the principal coordinates analysis returned the complete population as a single group. Mantel's test returned a very weak correlation coefficient of r2 = 0.101 (p = 0.00) between the geographic and genetic distance. These findings are useful for the native species to formulate conservation strategies for its sustainable management and desert rehabilitation.
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Bao F, Liu M, Cao Y, Li J, Yao B, Xin Z, Lu Q, Wu B. Water Addition Prolonged the Length of the Growing Season of the Desert Shrub Nitraria tangutorum in a Temperate Desert. Front Plant Sci 2020; 11:1099. [PMID: 32793260 PMCID: PMC7386313 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.01099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Climate models often predict that more extreme precipitation events will occur in arid and semiarid regions, where plant phenology is particularly sensitive to precipitation changes. To understand how increases in precipitation affect plant phenology, this study conducted a manipulative field experiment in a desert ecosystem of northwest China. In this study, a long-term in situ water addition experiment was conducted in a temperate desert in northwestern China. The following five treatments were used: natural rain plus an additional 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% of the local mean annual precipitation. A series of phenological events, including leaf unfolding (onset, 30%, 50%, and end of leaf unfolding), cessation of new branch elongation (30, 50, and 90%), and leaf coloration (80% of leaves turned yellow), of the locally dominant shrub Nitraria tangutorum were observed from 2012 to 2018. The results showed that on average, over the seven-year-study and in all treatments water addition treatments advanced the spring phenology (30% of leaf unfolding) by 1.29-3.00 days, but delayed the autumn phenology (80% of leaves turned yellow) by 1.18-11.82 days. Therefore, the length of the growing season was prolonged by 2.11-13.68 days, and autumn phenology contributed more than spring phenology. In addition, water addition treatments delayed the cessation of new branch elongation (90%) by 5.82-12.61 days, and nonlinear relationships were found between the leaves yellowing (80% of leaves) and the amount of watering. Linear relationships were found between the cessation of new branch elongation (90%), the length of the growing season, and amount of water addition. The two response patterns to water increase indicated that predictions of phenological events in the future should not be based on one trend only.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Bao
- Institute of Desertification Studies, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Desert Ecosystem and Global Change, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Minghu Liu
- Experimental Center of Desert Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Dengkou, China
| | - Yanli Cao
- Institute of Desertification Studies, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Jiazhu Li
- Institute of Desertification Studies, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Yao
- Institute of Desertification Studies, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiming Xin
- Experimental Center of Desert Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Dengkou, China
- Inner Mongolia Dengkou Desert Ecosystem National Observation Research Station, Dengkou, China
| | - Qi Lu
- Institute of Desertification Studies, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
- Experimental Center of Desert Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Dengkou, China
| | - Bo Wu
- Institute of Desertification Studies, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Desert Ecosystem and Global Change, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
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Abstract
PREMISE OF THE STUDY A key question concerns the vulnerability of desert species adapted to harsh, variable climates to future climate change. Evaluating this requires coupling long-term demographic models with information on past and projected future climates. We investigated climatic drivers of population growth using a 22-yr demographic model for Pediocactus bradyi, an endangered cactus in northern Arizona. METHODS We used a matrix model to calculate stochastic population growth rates (λs) and the relative influences of life-cycle transitions on population growth. Regression models linked population growth with climatic variability, while stochastic simulations were used to (1) understand how predicted increases in drought frequency and extreme precipitation would affect λs, and (2) quantify variability in λs based on temporal replication of data. KEY RESULTS Overall λs was below unity (0.961). Population growth was equally influenced by fecundity and survival and significantly correlated with increased annual precipitation and higher winter temperatures. Stochastic simulations increasing the probability of drought and extreme precipitation reduced λs, but less than simulations increasing the probability of drought alone. Simulations varying the temporal replication of data suggested 14 yr were required for accurate λs estimates. CONCLUSIONS Pediocactus bradyi may be vulnerable to increases in the frequency and intensity of extreme climatic events, particularly drought. Biotic interactions resulting in low survival during drought years outweighed increased seedling establishment following heavy precipitation. Climatic extremes beyond historical ranges of variability may threaten rare desert species with low population growth rates and therefore high susceptibility to stochastic events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel F Shryock
- U.S. Geological Survey, Western Ecological Research Center, 160 N. Stephanie Street, Henderson, Nevada 89014 USA
| | - Todd C Esque
- U.S. Geological Survey, Western Ecological Research Center, 160 N. Stephanie Street, Henderson, Nevada 89014 USA
| | - Lee Hughes
- U.S. Bureau of Land Management, AZ Strip Field Office, St. George, Utah 84790 USA
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