Ratnayake GM, Srirajaskanthan R, Luong T, Gnanasegaran G, Toumpanakis C. Duodenal neuroendocrine neoplasms with unexpectedly aggressive behaviour: Challenging the "watch and wait" approach.
J Neuroendocrinol 2022;
34:e13067. [PMID:
34914146 DOI:
10.1111/jne.13067]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of duodenal neuroendocrine neoplasms has risen over the past decades as a result of the wide availability of endoscopy and associated expertise. Although it is considered that tumour size greater than 10 mm, higher tumour grade and/or location in relation to the ampulla of Vater represent the main risk factors for local or distant metastases, we describe two cases of well differentiated grade 1 and grade 2 neuroendocrine tumours, which measured < 10 mm at the time of diagnosis but had an aggressive course during follow-up. Furthermore, we also summarise the available therapeutic strategies for the management of small, low grade, non-functioning, non-ampullary duodenal neuroendocrine neoplasms.
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