1
|
Zielińska A, Carreiró F, Oliveira AM, Neves A, Pires B, Venkatesh DN, Durazzo A, Lucarini M, Eder P, Silva AM, Santini A, Souto EB. Polymeric Nanoparticles: Production, Characterization, Toxicology and Ecotoxicology. Molecules 2020; 25:E3731. [PMID: 32824172 PMCID: PMC7464532 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25163731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 419] [Impact Index Per Article: 104.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) are particles within the size range from 1 to 1000 nm and can be loaded with active compounds entrapped within or surface-adsorbed onto the polymeric core. The term "nanoparticle" stands for both nanocapsules and nanospheres, which are distinguished by the morphological structure. Polymeric NPs have shown great potential for targeted delivery of drugs for the treatment of several diseases. In this review, we discuss the most commonly used methods for the production and characterization of polymeric NPs, the association efficiency of the active compound to the polymeric core, and the in vitro release mechanisms. As the safety of nanoparticles is a high priority, we also discuss the toxicology and ecotoxicology of nanoparticles to humans and to the environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Zielińska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (A.Z.); (F.C.); (A.M.O.); (A.N.); (B.P.)
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 32, 60-479 Poznań, Poland
| | - Filipa Carreiró
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (A.Z.); (F.C.); (A.M.O.); (A.N.); (B.P.)
| | - Ana M. Oliveira
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (A.Z.); (F.C.); (A.M.O.); (A.N.); (B.P.)
| | - Andreia Neves
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (A.Z.); (F.C.); (A.M.O.); (A.N.); (B.P.)
| | - Bárbara Pires
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (A.Z.); (F.C.); (A.M.O.); (A.N.); (B.P.)
| | - D. Nagasamy Venkatesh
- JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty 643 001, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | - Alessandra Durazzo
- CREA-Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy; (A.D.); (M.L.)
| | - Massimo Lucarini
- CREA-Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy; (A.D.); (M.L.)
| | - Piotr Eder
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego 49, 60–355 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Amélia M. Silva
- Department of Biology and Environment, University of Tras-os-Montes e Alto Douro, UTAD, Quinta de Prados, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB-UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Antonello Santini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Eliana B. Souto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (A.Z.); (F.C.); (A.M.O.); (A.N.); (B.P.)
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Deshayes C, Siegwart M, Pauron D, Froger JA, Lapied B, Apaire-Marchais V. Microbial Pest Control Agents: Are they a Specific And Safe Tool for Insect Pest Management? Curr Med Chem 2017; 24:2959-2973. [PMID: 28292241 DOI: 10.2174/0929867324666170314144311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 01/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Microorganisms (viruses, bacteria and fungi) or their bioactive agents can be used as active substances and therefore are referred as Microbial Pest Control Agents (MPCA). They are used as alternative strategies to chemical insecticides to counteract the development of resistances and to reduce adverse effects on both environment and human health. These natural entomopathogenic agents, which have specific modes of action, are generally considered safer as compared to conventional chemical insecticides. Baculoviruses are the only viruses being used as the safest biological control agents. They infect insects and have narrow host ranges. Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is the most widely and successfully used bioinsecticide in the integrated pest management programs in the world. Bt mainly produces crystal delta-endotoxins and secreted toxins. However, the Bt toxins are not stable for a very long time and are highly sensitive to solar UV. So genetically modified plants that express toxins have been developed and represent a large part of the phytosanitary biological products. Finally, entomopathogenic fungi and particularly, Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae, are also used for their insecticidal properties. Most studies on various aspects of the safety of MPCA to human, non-target organisms and environment have only reported acute but not chronic toxicity. This paper reviews the modes of action of MPCA, their toxicological risks to human health and ecotoxicological profiles together with their environmental persistence. This review is part of the special issue "Insecticide Mode of Action: From Insect to Mammalian Toxicity".
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Deshayes
- Laboratoire SiFCIR UPRES EA 2647/USC INRA 1330, SFR 4207 QUASAV, UFR Sciences, Universite Bretagne Loire, Univ.Angers. France
| | - Myriam Siegwart
- UR1115, Plantes et Systèmes de culture Horticoles Unit, INRA, Avignon. France
| | - David Pauron
- Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, CNRS, UMR7254, INRA, UMR1355, Université de Nice Sophia- Antipolis, Sophia Antipolis. France
| | - Josy-Anne Froger
- Laboratoire SiFCIR UPRES EA 2647/USC INRA 1330, SFR 4207 QUASAV, UFR Sciences, Universite Bretagne Loire, Univ.Angers. France
| | - Bruno Lapied
- Laboratoire SiFCIR UPRES EA 2647/USC INRA 1330, SFR 4207 QUASAV, UFR Sciences, Universite Bretagne Loire, Univ.Angers. France
| | - Véronique Apaire-Marchais
- Laboratoire SiFCIR UPRES EA 2647/USC INRA 1330, SFR 4207 QUASAV, UFR, Sciences, Universite d';Angers, 2 Bd Lavoisier, 49045 Angers cedex. France
| |
Collapse
|