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Dos Santos VF, Abeijon LM, da Cruz Araújo SH, Garcia FRM, de Oliveira EE. The Potential of Plant-Based Biorational Products for the Drosophila suzukii Control: Current Status, Opportunities, and Limitations. Neotrop Entomol 2024; 53:236-243. [PMID: 38133734 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-023-01119-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) (Diptera: Drosophilidae) is an invasive species that causes serious damage to soft-skinned fruits. The use of plant-based biorational insecticides (plant extracts and essential oils) to control this pest has grown extensively. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the current status, trends, and perspectives of these studies, with a focus on the plant families and major compounds used as insecticides to control D. suzukii. The first article in this research field was published in 2015, and there has been exponential growth in subsequent years. Thirty-six botanical families were studied in these articles, with a prevalent interest in Myrtaceae and Lamiaceae plant species. The major constituents of these plant-based biorational molecules belong to monoterpenoids, followed by monoterpenes, benzene derivatives, and others. Geranial was the most frequent major constituent of these plant-based compounds. Our analysis revealed a few crucial consequences of the bias provided by the investigations using plant-based biorational insecticides for controlling D. suzukii. Firstly, there is a major focus on the pest species, with little or no attention paid to undesired effects on non-target beneficial organisms (e.g., pollinator bees, predators; parasitoids) and non-target pests. Secondly, the poor knowledge of how these plant-based biorational insecticides act on target and non-target organisms. Finally, there is a need to assess the efficacy of these substances under field conditions. Thus, attention is needed to address these gaps so that plant-based biorational insecticides can become a viable pest management tool for controlling D. suzukii.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lenon Morales Abeijon
- Department of Ecology, Zoology and Genetics, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Flávio Roberto Mello Garcia
- Department of Ecology, Zoology and Genetics, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil
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Vommaro ML, Zanchi C, Angelone T, Giglio A, Kurtz J. Herbicide exposure alters the effect of the enthomopathogen Beauveria bassiana on immune gene expression in mealworm beetles. Environ Pollut 2023; 338:122662. [PMID: 37778488 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Concerns have grown worldwide about the potentially far-reaching effects of herbicides on functional biodiversity in agroecosystems. Repeated applications over time can lead to accumulation of residues in soil, water, and food and may have negative impacts on non-target organisms. However, the effects of herbicide residues on interspecific relationships, such as host-pathogen interactions, are poorly studied. In this study, we evaluated the effects of two different concentrations of a commercial pendimethalin-based formulation (PND), the residual contamination (S, 13 ppm) in treated soils and the maximum residue level allowed by the European Commission in cereals (EU, 0.05 ppm). We tested the effect of PND on the biological interaction between the mealworm beetle Tenebrio molitor Linnaeus, 1758 and the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana Vuillemin, 1912 (Bb, strain KVL 03-144) at two concentrations (LC50 5 × 105 conidia mL-1 and LC100 1 × 107 conidia mL-1). We checked the survival of beetles exposed to PND or/and inoculated with B. bassiana, the expression of four antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), and finally how PND affects in vitro germination of fungus. The exposure to PND had no significant effects on the survival of either control or Bb-exposed beetles. In the mealworm beetle, upregulation of gene expression of the inducible AMPs Tenecin 1, 2, and 4 was observed in PND-treated beetles after inoculation with Bb, while the levels of the non-inducible AMP Tenecin 3 were similar between treatments. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that admitted residual doses of currently used herbicides modify an important component of the inducible immune response of an insect. This did not translate into an effect on the survival to B. bassiana in our system. However, residual doses of the herbicide at 13 ppm may temporarily affect fungal germination. These results raise questions about the compatibility of bioinsecticides with synthetic pesticides and the effects of herbicide residues on host-pathogen interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Luigia Vommaro
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Via Bucci, 87036, Arcavacata di Rende, Cosenza, Italy; Animal Evolutionary Ecology Group, Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity, Universityof Münster, Hüferstr. 1, 48149, Münster, Germany.
| | - Caroline Zanchi
- Animal Evolutionary Ecology Group, Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity, Universityof Münster, Hüferstr. 1, 48149, Münster, Germany; Institute for Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise Str. 1-3, 14 195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tommaso Angelone
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Via Bucci, 87036, Arcavacata di Rende, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Anita Giglio
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Via Bucci, 87036, Arcavacata di Rende, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Joachim Kurtz
- Animal Evolutionary Ecology Group, Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity, Universityof Münster, Hüferstr. 1, 48149, Münster, Germany
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Oparin PB, Nikodimov SS, Vassilevski AA. Venoms with oral toxicity towards insects. Toxicon 2023; 235:107308. [PMID: 37797725 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2023.107308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Animal venoms are a promising source of potential bioinsecticides. To find hits with pronounced oral insect toxicity, we screened 82 venoms using Achroia grisella (Lepidoptera) and Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera) larvae, and adult Drosophila melanogaster (Diptera). We also injected the most potent venoms in adult D. melanogaster to compare their efficiency in different routes of administration. 18 venoms from spiders and snakes show high oral toxicity and can be further exploited to isolate new insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter B Oparin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10 Miklukho-Maklaya, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Sergei S Nikodimov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10 Miklukho-Maklaya, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Alexander A Vassilevski
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10 Miklukho-Maklaya, Moscow, 117997, Russia.
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Abu El-Ghiet UM, Moustafa SA, Ayashi MM, El-Sakhawy MA, Ateya AAES, Waggiallah HA. Characterization of Bacillus thuringiensis isolated from soils in the Jazan region of Saudi Arabia, and their efficacy against Spodoptera littoralis and Aedes aegypti larvae. Saudi J Biol Sci 2023; 30:103721. [PMID: 37457233 PMCID: PMC10344810 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2023.103721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Pest control in Saudi Arabia depends on applying chemical insecticides, which have many undesirable considerations and impacts on the environment. Therefore, the aim of this study was to isolate Bacillus thuringiensis from different rhizosphere soil samples in the Jazan region for the biological control of Spodoptera littoralis and Aedes aegypti larvae. The samples were collected from the rhizosphere of different plants located in eight agricultural areas in Jazan, Saudi Arabia. Out of 100 bacterial isolates, four bacterial isolates belonging to Bacillus species were selected namely JZ1, JZ2, JZ3, and JZ4, and identified using classical bacteriological and molecular identification using 16S rRNA. JZ1 and JZ2 isolates were identified as Bacillus thuringiensis. SDS-PAGE analysis and the detection of the Cry1 gene were used to describe the two isolates JZ1 and JZ2 in comparison to Bacillus thuringiensis reference strain Kurstaki HD1 (BTSK) were revealed that slightly different from each other due to the place of their isolation and namely Khlab JZ1 and Ayash JZ2. The EC50 of JZ1 and JZ2 isolates, BTSK, and the commercial biopesticide DiPEL 6.4 DF against the second-instar larvae of Aedes aegypti were 207, 932, 400, and 500 ppm respectively, while EC50 against first-instar larvae of Spodoptera littoralis were 193.93, 589.7, 265.108, and 342.9, ppm respectively. Isolate JZ1 recorded the highest mortality while JZ2 isolate gave the lowest mortality. It can be concluded that the local isolate of JZ1 and JZ2 can be developed for bio formulations to be used in Spodoptera littoralis and Aedes aegypti biological control programs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Salah A. Moustafa
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Jazan University, Saudi Arabia
- Agriculture Genetic Engineering Research Institute (AGERI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza 12619, Egypt
| | - Mousa M. Ayashi
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Jazan University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A. El-Sakhawy
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abeer Ali El-Sherbiny Ateya
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hisham Ali Waggiallah
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
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Walkowiak-Nowicka K, Mirek J, Chowański S, Sobkowiak R, Słocińska M. Plant secondary metabolites as potential bioinsecticides? Study of the effects of plant-derived volatile organic compounds on the reproduction and behaviour of the pest beetle Tenebrio molitor. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2023; 257:114951. [PMID: 37116454 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Modern agriculture has many environmental consequences, such as soil contamination, accumulation of toxic compounds in the environment or risk of adverse effects on nontarget organisms and for these reasons, scientists are seeking a more environmentally friendly alternative to synthetic insecticides. This study investigated the effects of four plant secondary metabolites classified as volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which have potential as bioinsecticides, (E)-2-decenal, furfural, 2-undecanone and (E,E)-2-4-decadienal, in concentrations 10-5 and 10-7 M, on female reproductive processes and larval hatchability of the Tenebrio molitor beetle. Our study indicates proper development of ovaries after application of compounds however the volume of terminal oocytes was significantly reduced, with the strongest effect of (E)- 2-decenal which reduced the volume approximately three times. The relative vitellogenin expression level was reduced, with the strongest effect observed after application of furfural, (E,E)- 2-4-decadienal and (E)- 2-decenal in concentration 10-7 M, at the same time patency index was significantly reduced up to 2-times after application of furfural at 10-7 M. What is more important morphological changes translated into physiological ones. The number of laid eggs was affected, with the strongest inhibition after application of furfural (∼43% reduction), (E,E)- 2-4-decadienal (∼33%) and (E)- 2-decenal at concentration 10-7 M (∼33%). Moreover, we observed up to 13% (in case of 2-undecanone) decrease in larval hatchability. Tested compounds exhibited a repellent effect and caused 60% reduction of insect survivability after (E)- 2-decenal at concentration 10-5 M. Altogether, VOCs seems like potential bioactive compounds in plant protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Walkowiak-Nowicka
- Department of Animal Physiology and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego St. 6, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
| | - J Mirek
- Department of Animal Physiology and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego St. 6, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Sz Chowański
- Department of Animal Physiology and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego St. 6, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - R Sobkowiak
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego St. 6, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - M Słocińska
- Department of Animal Physiology and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego St. 6, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
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Yeguerman CA, Urrutia RI, Jesser EN, Massiris M, Delrieux CA, Murray AP, González JOW. Essential oils loaded on polymeric nanoparticles: bioefficacy against economic and medical insect pests and risk evaluation on terrestrial and aquatic non-target organisms. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:71412-71426. [PMID: 35597828 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20848-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This paper introduces the lethal, sublethal, and ecotoxic effects of peppermint and palmarosa essential oils (EOs) and their polymeric nanoparticles (PNs). The physicochemical analyses indicated that peppermint PNs were polydisperse (PDI > 0.4) with sizes of 381 nm and loading efficiency (LE) of 70.3%, whereas palmarosa PNs were monodisperse (PDI < 0.25) with sizes of 191 nm and LE of 89.7%. EOs and their PNs were evaluated on the adults of rice weevil (Sitophilus oryzae L.) and cigarette beetle (Lasioderma serricorne F.) and the larvae of Culex pipiens pipiens Say. On S. oryzae and L. serricorne, PNs increased EOs' lethal activity, extended repellent effects for 84 h, and also modified behavioral variables during 24 h. Moreover, EOs and PNs generated toxic effects against C. pipiens pipiens. On the other hand, peppermint and palmarosa EOs and their PNs were not toxic to terrestrial non-target organisms, larvae of mealworm (Tenebrio molitor L.), and nymphs of orange-spotted cockroach (Blaptica dubia S.). In addition, PNs were slightly toxic to aquatic non-target organisms, such as brine shrimp (Artemia salina L.). Therefore, these results show that PNs are a novel and eco-friendly formulation to control insect pests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristhian A Yeguerman
- INBIOSUR, Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS) - CONICET, B8000CPB, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rodrigo I Urrutia
- INBIOSUR, Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS) - CONICET, B8000CPB, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Emiliano N Jesser
- INQUISUR, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS) - CONICET, B8000CPB, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica Y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), B8000CPB, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Manlio Massiris
- Laboratorio de Ciencias de Las Imágenes, Departamento de Ingeniería Eléctrica Y Computadoras, CONICET-Universidad Nacional del Sur. Av, San Andrés 800 (B8000CPB), Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Claudio A Delrieux
- Laboratorio de Ciencias de Las Imágenes, Departamento de Ingeniería Eléctrica Y Computadoras, CONICET-Universidad Nacional del Sur. Av, San Andrés 800 (B8000CPB), Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ana P Murray
- INQUISUR, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS) - CONICET, B8000CPB, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jorge O Werdin González
- INBIOSUR, Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS) - CONICET, B8000CPB, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica Y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), B8000CPB, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Méndez-González F, Castillo-Minjarez JM, Loera O, Favela-Torres E. Current developments in the resistance, quality, and production of entomopathogenic fungi. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 38:115. [PMID: 35581403 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-022-03301-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
There is a worldwide concern to achieve food security with a sustainable approach, including the generation and implementation of techniques for the production of high-quality chemical-free crops. This food revolution has promoted the development and consolidation of programmes for integrated pest management. Some of those programmes include the use of diverse organisms (biological control agents) to suppress populations of pests potentially harmful to the crops. Among these biological control agents are entomopathogenic fungi that are highly effective in suppressing a diversity of insects and have, therefore, been produced and marketed throughout the world. However, the bottleneck for applying entomopathogenic fungi is the production of propagules (blastospores and conidia) with resistance to environment conditions and abiotic factors, maintaining high quality in terms of virulence. Therefore, this manuscript presents recent studies related to increasing resistance and quality using different bioreactors to produce conidia. The above presents a global panorama related to current developments that contribute to improving the resistance, quality, and production of entomopathogenic fungal propagules.
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Murtaza G, Naeem M, Manzoor S, Khan HA, Eed EM, Majeed W, Ahmed Makki H, Ramzan U, Ummara UE. Biological control potential of entomopathogenic fungal strains against peach Fruit fly, Bactrocera zonata (Saunders) (Diptera: Tephritidae). PeerJ 2022; 10:e13316. [PMID: 35480558 PMCID: PMC9037124 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The peachfruit fly, Bactrocera zonata (Saunders) is a polyphagous pest in nature, belonging to order, Diptera and their respective family is Tephritidae. It mostly feeds on different crops, vegetables and fruits. Different traditional chemical insecticides have been used to control this notorious pest. Excessive consumption of pesticides has become a major threat to the fresh fruits trade since many importing countries refused to accept the shipments due to public health and environmental concerns. There is a growing trend to control these pests using the most effective biological control methods and other preventive measures have been adopted for reducing their attacks. Fungal agents have been used as biological agents to manage the attack of different insects pest through biological means. The present study was conducted to assess the virulence of three entomopathogenic fungi, Metarhizium anisopliae, Beauveria bassiana and Verticillium lecanii, against Bactrocera zonata stages under different laboratory conditions. The results showed that B. bassiana and M. anisopliae were more effective in pathogenicity and potentially kill at all stages of B. zonata as compared to V. lecanii. The highest mortality rate for the third larval instar and the pupal stage were recorded after exposure to the 1 × 1010 conidia/ml concentrations, B. bassiana, with 68.67% and 89.67%, respectively. Adult B. zonata flies were the most susceptible to all entomopathogenic fungi. However, M. anisopliae was more virulent against B. zonata adult flies than B. bassiana and V. lecanii at 1 × 1010 conidial concentration. Therefore, the entomopathogenic fungi B. bassiana and M. anisopliae can be used as an cost effective bio-insecticide in the integrated pest management programs to control B. zonata. This study will be helpful to overcome this pest through biological control means.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghulam Murtaza
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Muhammad Naeem
- College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Saba Manzoor
- Department of Zoology, University of Sialkot, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - Hammad Ahmad Khan
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Emad M. Eed
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waqar Majeed
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Hussain Ahmed Makki
- Department of Forestry, Range and Wildlife Management, The Islamia University Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Uzma Ramzan
- Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Umm E. Ummara
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Bordalo MD, Machado AL, Campos D, Coelho SD, Rodrigues ACM, Lopes I, Pestana JLT. Responses of benthic macroinvertebrate communities to a Bti-based insecticide in artificial microcosm streams. Environ Pollut 2021; 282:117030. [PMID: 33831627 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bioinsecticides based on the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis (Bti) are increasingly being applied directly into aquatic compartments to control nuisance mosquitoes and blackflies and are generally considered environmentally friendly alternatives to synthetic insecticides. Bti-based insecticides are considered highly selective, being Diptera-specific, and supposedly decompose rapidly in the environment. Nevertheless, their safety to non-target species and freshwater ecosystems has been questioned by recent studies, which in fact document possible indirect effects in aquatic food webs such as the decrease of prey availability to predators. This work aimed to evaluate the potential effects of a Bti-based insecticide (VectoBac® 12AS) on a freshwater macroinvertebrate community and on stream ecological functions by using artificial microcosm streams. Artificial microcosm streams were colonized with a macroinvertebrate community plus periphyton collected in a stream together with Alnus glutinosa leaf packs. They were exposed for 7 days to different Bti treatments (0, 12, 120, 1200 μg/L), which are within the recommended concentrations of application in aquatic compartments for blackfly and mosquito control. Besides invertebrate community structure and abundance, effects were evaluated regarding leaf decomposition and primary production as measures of ecosystem functioning. Community structure was significantly altered in all Bti treatments after 7 days of exposure, mostly due to a decline in chironomids, followed by oligochaetes, which both belong to the deposit-feeders' functional group. Direct effects on oligochaetes are surprising and require further research. Also, reductions of leaf decomposition due to Bti-induced sublethal effects on shredders (reduced feeding) or mortality of chironomids (that can also feed on coarse organic matter) observed in our study, represent potential indirect effects of Bti in aquatic ecosystems. Our short-exposure experiment evidenced some negative effects on stream benthic invertebrate communities and on ecosystem functioning that must be considered whenever Bti is used in water bodies for blackfly or mosquito control programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria D Bordalo
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Ana L Machado
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Diana Campos
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Sónia D Coelho
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Andreia C M Rodrigues
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Isabel Lopes
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Portugal
| | - João L T Pestana
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Portugal
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Dvorkina T, Bankevich A, Sorokin A, Yang F, Adu-Oppong B, Williams R, Turner K, Pevzner PA. ORFograph: search for novel insecticidal protein genes in genomic and metagenomic assembly graphs. Microbiome 2021; 9:149. [PMID: 34183047 PMCID: PMC8240309 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-021-01092-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since the prolonged use of insecticidal proteins has led to toxin resistance, it is important to search for novel insecticidal protein genes (IPGs) that are effective in controlling resistant insect populations. IPGs are usually encoded in the genomes of entomopathogenic bacteria, especially in large plasmids in strains of the ubiquitous soil bacteria, Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). Since there are often multiple similar IPGs encoded by such plasmids, their assemblies are typically fragmented and many IPGs are scattered through multiple contigs. As a result, existing gene prediction tools (that analyze individual contigs) typically predict partial rather than complete IPGs, making it difficult to conduct downstream IPG engineering efforts in agricultural genomics. METHODS Although it is difficult to assemble IPGs in a single contig, the structure of the genome assembly graph often provides clues on how to combine multiple contigs into segments encoding a single IPG. RESULTS We describe ORFograph, a pipeline for predicting IPGs in assembly graphs, benchmark it on (meta)genomic datasets, and discover nearly a hundred novel IPGs. This work shows that graph-aware gene prediction tools enable the discovery of greater diversity of IPGs from (meta)genomes. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated that analysis of the assembly graphs reveals novel candidate IPGs. ORFograph identified both already known genes "hidden" in assembly graphs and potential novel IPGs that evaded existing tools for IPG identification. As ORFograph is fast, one could imagine a pipeline that processes many (meta)genomic assembly graphs to identify even more novel IPGs for phenotypic testing than would previously be inaccessible by traditional gene-finding methods. While here we demonstrated the results of ORFograph only for IPGs, the proposed approach can be generalized to any class of genes. Video abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Dvorkina
- Center for Algorithmic Biotechnology, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anton Bankevich
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA USA
| | - Alexei Sorokin
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, Micalis Institute, AgroParisTech, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Fan Yang
- Data Science & Analytics, Bayer U.S. - Crop Science, Chesterfield, MO USA
- Ascus Biosciences, San Diego, CA USA
| | - Boahemaa Adu-Oppong
- Data Science & Analytics, Bayer U.S. - Crop Science, Chesterfield, MO USA
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Carlsbad, CA USA
| | - Ryan Williams
- Data Science & Analytics, Bayer U.S. - Crop Science, Chesterfield, MO USA
| | - Keith Turner
- Data Science & Analytics, Bayer U.S. - Crop Science, Chesterfield, MO USA
| | - Pavel A. Pevzner
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA USA
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Neggaz S, Chenni M, Zitouni-Haouar FE, Fernandez X. Mycochemical composition and insecticidal bioactivity of Algerian desert truffles extract against two stored-product insects: Sitophilus oryzae (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) (Coleoptera: Bostrychidae). 3 Biotech 2020; 10:481. [PMID: 33101827 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02472-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to highlight the insecticidal activity of the Algerian desert truffle Terfezia claveryi Chatin against two post-harvest pests of rice and other cereal products, the rice weevil Sitophilus oryzae (L.), and the lesser grain borer Rhyzopertha dominica (F.), using direct contact application method with the filter paper impregnation technique. Soxhlet apparatus was used for extraction with chloroform as solvent. The major compounds in chloroform extract of T. claveryi were identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The two-way ANOVA was used for statistical analysis to determine the exposure time and doses with the greatest insecticidal activity. Findings of this study revealed that the major compounds were fatty acids: linoleic acid, methyl ester (14.84%), 11,14-eicosadienoic acid, methyl ester (11.55%), oleic acid, methyl ester (7.1%), and palmitic acid (6.96%). However, chamazulene (0.88%) was found to be minor compound. Our results describe for the first time the presence of chamazulene in desert truffle. The result showed also that the most potent insecticidal activity of chloroform extract of T. claveryi was found towards S. oryzea with LD50 value of 162.11 µg/mL. For concentrations of 250 and 300 µg/mL, this extract was able to eradicate 96.65 ± 1.15% and 100.0 ± 0.0% of S. oryzea after 24 h of exposure. However, it caused only 47.24 ± 1.15% and 50.66 ± 1.15% of mortality of R. dominica, respectively, after 6 days. This work offers promising prospects for the use of desert truffles extracts as a potential insecticidal agent for improving quality and safety of stored foods against damage caused by stored-product pests.
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Borges BT, de Brum Vieira P, Leal AP, Karnopp E, Ogata BAB, Rosa ME, Barreto YC, Oliveira RS, Belo CAD, Vinadé L. Modulation of octopaminergic and cholinergic pathways induced by Caatinga tree Manilkara rufula chemical compounds in Nauphoeta cinerea cockroaches. Pestic Biochem Physiol 2020; 169:104651. [PMID: 32828369 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2020.104651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The entomotoxic potential of Manilkara rufula crude extract (CEMR) and its aqueous (AFMR) and methanolic (MFMR) fractions were evaluated against Nauphoeta cinerea cockroaches. The results point out to a direct modulation of octopaminergic and cholinergic pathways in insect nervous system. CEMR induced an anti-acetylcholinesterase (AChE) effect in cockroach brain homogenates. CEMR significantly decreased the cockroach heart rate in semi-isolated heart preparations. CEMR also caused a broad disturbance in the insect behavior by reducing the exploratory activity. The decreased antennae and leg grooming activities, by different doses of CEMR, mimicked those of phentolamine activity, a selective octopaminergic receptor antagonist. The lethargy induced by CEMR was accompanied by neuromuscular failure and by a decrease of sensilla spontaneous neural compound action potentials (SNCAP) firing in in vivo and ex vivo cockroach muscle-nerve preparations, respectively. AFMR was more effective in promoting neuromuscular paralysis than its methanolic counterpart, in the same dose. These data validate the entomotoxic activity of M. rufula. The phentolamine-like modulation induced in cockroaches is the result of a potential direct inhibition of octopaminergic receptors, combined to an anti-AChE activity. In addition, the modulation of CEMR on octopaminergic and cholinergic pathways is probably the result of a synergism between AFMR and MFMR chemical compounds. Further phytochemical investigation followed by a bio-guiding protocol will improve the molecular aspects of M. rufula pharmacology and toxicology to insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Trindade Borges
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia e Toxinologia, Universidade Federal do Pampa, 97300-000 São Gabriel, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pampa, 97300-000 São Gabriel, RS, Brazil
| | - Patrícia de Brum Vieira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pampa, 97300-000 São Gabriel, RS, Brazil
| | - Allan P Leal
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia e Toxinologia, Universidade Federal do Pampa, 97300-000 São Gabriel, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas e Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Etiely Karnopp
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia e Toxinologia, Universidade Federal do Pampa, 97300-000 São Gabriel, RS, Brazil
| | - Bárbara A B Ogata
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia e Toxinologia, Universidade Federal do Pampa, 97300-000 São Gabriel, RS, Brazil
| | - Maria Eduarda Rosa
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia e Toxinologia, Universidade Federal do Pampa, 97300-000 São Gabriel, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pampa, 97300-000 São Gabriel, RS, Brazil
| | - Yuri Correia Barreto
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia e Toxinologia, Universidade Federal do Pampa, 97300-000 São Gabriel, RS, Brazil
| | - Raquel Soares Oliveira
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia e Toxinologia, Universidade Federal do Pampa, 97300-000 São Gabriel, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pampa, 97300-000 São Gabriel, RS, Brazil
| | - Cháriston André Dal Belo
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia e Toxinologia, Universidade Federal do Pampa, 97300-000 São Gabriel, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pampa, 97300-000 São Gabriel, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas e Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Lúcia Vinadé
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia e Toxinologia, Universidade Federal do Pampa, 97300-000 São Gabriel, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pampa, 97300-000 São Gabriel, RS, Brazil.
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13
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Viana Cruz DL, Sumita TC, Silva Leão Ferreira M, Soares da Silva J, Pinto ACDS, Marques Barcellos JF, Rafael MS. Histopathological, cytotoxicological, and genotoxic effects of the semi-synthetic compound dillapiole n-butyl ether in Balb/C mice. J Toxicol Environ Health A 2020; 83:604-615. [PMID: 32787530 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2020.1804026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Dillapiole n-butyl ether is a substance derived from dillapiole, which exhibits potential insecticidal effects on Aedes aegypti, the principal vector of the Dengue fever, Zika, and Chikungunya viruses, as well as Aedes albopictus, a vector of Dengue fever. As these mosquitoes are resistant to synthetic insecticides, dillapiole n-butyl ether may represent a valuable, plant-based alternative for their control. Dillapiole n-butyl ether has insecticidal and genotoxic effects on A. aegypti and A. albopictus, as shown by the reduction in clutch size and egg viability, and increased mortality rates, as well as a high frequency of micronuclei and chromosomal aberrations. However, the potential cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of this substance in mammals are still unknown. In Balb/C mice, structural changes were detected in hepatic, renal, and cardiac tissues, which were directly proportional to the concentration of the dose applied, in both genders. The induction of genotoxic, mutagenic, and cytotoxic effects was also observed at the highest concentrations (150 and 328 mg/kg). Further research will be necessary to better characterize the potential genotoxicity of this substance at lower concentrations, for the evaluation of the potential health risks related to its presence in environmental features, such as drinking water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Luís Viana Cruz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética, Conservação e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA , Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Tania Cristina Sumita
- Laboratório Temático Biotério Central, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA , Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | | | - Junielson Soares da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética, Conservação e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA , Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina da Silva Pinto
- Laboratório de Vetores da Malária e Dengue, Coordenação de Sociedade, Ambiente e Saúde - COSAS /INPA , Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | | | - Míriam Silva Rafael
- Laboratório de Vetores da Malária e Dengue, Coordenação de Sociedade, Ambiente e Saúde - COSAS /INPA , Manaus, AM, Brazil
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14
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Sun Y, Dong Y, Li J, Lai Z, Hao Y, Liu P, Chen X, Gu J. Development of large-scale mosquito densovirus production by in vivo methods. Parasit Vectors 2019; 12:255. [PMID: 31118088 PMCID: PMC6532183 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-019-3509-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mosquito-borne diseases (MBDs) cause a significant proportion of the global infectious disease burden. Vector control remains the primary strategy available to reduce the transmission of MBDs. However, long-term, wide-scale and large-scale traditional chemical pesticide application has caused significant and increased negative effects on ecosystems and broader emerging insecticide resistance in vectors; therefore, the development of a novel alternative approach is urgently needed. Mosquito densoviruses (MDVs) are entomopathogenic viruses that exhibit a narrow host range and multiple transmission patterns, making MDVs a great potential bioinsecticide. However, the application process has been relatively stagnant over the past three decades. The major obstacle has been that viruses must be produced in mosquito cell lines; therefore, the production process is both expensive and time-consuming. METHODS In our study, two wild-type (wt) MDVs, AaeDV and AalDV-3, and a recombinant rAaeDV-210 were used to infect the Aag2 and C6/36 mosquito cell lines and the 1st-2nd-instar and 3rd-4th-instar larvae of Ae. albopictus, Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus. Viral titers and yields in cells, media, larvae and rearing water and total viral yield were evaluated. Three kinds of virus displayed higher maximum virus titers in vivo than in vitro, and they displayed higher maximum viral yields in rearing water. RESULTS The three viruses displayed higher total maximum viral yields in C6/36 cells than in Aag2 cells. The three viruses displayed higher total maximum viral yields in Aedes mosquitoes than in Culex mosquitoes. Higher viral yields were produced by 1st-2nd-instar larvae compared to 3rd-4th-instar larvae. The recombinant viruses did not display significantly lower yields than wt viruses in nearly all samples. In summary, by using 100 1st-2nd-instar Aedes mosquito larvae in 200 ml of rearing water, more than 1013 genome equivalents (geq) MDV yield can be obtained. CONCLUSIONS Considering the lower production cost, this in vivo method has great potential for the large-scale production of MDVs. MDVs exhibit promising prospects and great potential for mosquito control in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Yunqiao Dong
- Reproductive Medical Centre of Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, 511442, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Zetian Lai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanqiang Hao
- Reproductive Medical Centre of Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, 511442, Guangdong, China
| | - Peiwen Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoguang Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinbao Gu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
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15
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de Oliveira BMS, Melo CR, Santos ACC, Nascimento LFA, Nízio DAC, Cristaldo PF, Blank AF, Bacci L. Essential oils from Varronia curassavica (Cordiaceae) accessions and their compounds (E)-caryophyllene and α-humulene as an alternative to control Dorymyrmex thoracius (Formicidae: Dolichoderinae). Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019; 26:6602-6612. [PMID: 30623333 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-4044-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The process of urbanization of natural environments has dramatically increased the incidence of pest insects. To control these organisms in urban environments, the last decades have been marked by an increase in the use of synthetic insecticides. However, the intensive and indiscriminate use of synthetic insecticides has provoked a series of environmental problems and human health. In this way, the concern and the searching for environmentally safer alternatives for the control of urban pests is increasing. In the present study we evaluated the lethal and sublethal effects of essential oils (EOs) of six accessions of Varronia curassavica (Jacq.) (Cordiaceae) and their constituents (E)-caryophyllene and α-humulene on the ant Dorymyrmex thoracicus Gallardo, 1916 (Formicidae: Dolichoderinae), a species commonly found in urban environments and which can cause damage to human health. Bioassays of fumigation toxicity and locomotor activity in partially treated arenas were performed. The lethal concentrations to kill 50% of the D. thoracicus population ranged from 0.69 to 2.48 μL/L for EOs and from 3.75 to 1.49 μL/L for the (E)-caryophyllene and α-humulene compounds. The survival of the ants exposed to LC95 of the treatments was reduced over time, ranging from 4.2 to 35.6 h to kill 50% of the D. thoracicus population. In general, EOs of V. curassavica caused repellency and affected the locomotor activity of the ants. Our results indicate that EOs of V. curassavica are a promising source for the control of the urban ant D. thoracicus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna M S de Oliveira
- Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Cidade Universitária Professor José Aloísio de Campos, Av. Marechal Rondon s/n, Rosa Elze, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Carlisson R Melo
- Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Cidade Universitária Professor José Aloísio de Campos, Av. Marechal Rondon s/n, Rosa Elze, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Ane C C Santos
- Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Cidade Universitária Professor José Aloísio de Campos, Av. Marechal Rondon s/n, Rosa Elze, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Luis F A Nascimento
- Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Cidade Universitária Professor José Aloísio de Campos, Av. Marechal Rondon s/n, Rosa Elze, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Daniela A C Nízio
- Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Cidade Universitária Professor José Aloísio de Campos, Av. Marechal Rondon s/n, Rosa Elze, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Paulo F Cristaldo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Entomologia Agrícola, Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, R. Manoel de Medeiros s/n, Dois Irmãos, Recife, Pernambuco, 52171-900, Brazil
| | - Arie F Blank
- Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Cidade Universitária Professor José Aloísio de Campos, Av. Marechal Rondon s/n, Rosa Elze, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Leandro Bacci
- Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Cidade Universitária Professor José Aloísio de Campos, Av. Marechal Rondon s/n, Rosa Elze, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, 49100-000, Brazil.
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16
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Rocha AG, Oliveira BMS, Melo CR, Sampaio TS, Blank AF, Lima AD, Nunes RS, Araújo APA, Cristaldo PF, Bacci L. Lethal Effect and Behavioral Responses of Leaf-Cutting Ants to Essential Oil of Pogostemon cablin (Lamiaceae) and Its Nanoformulation. Neotrop Entomol 2018; 47:769-779. [PMID: 29995283 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-018-0615-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Leaf-cutting ants belonging to the genus Atta (Formicidae: Myrmicinae) are important pests in agricultural and forest environments. In the present study, we evaluated the formicidal activity of the essential oil of Pogostemon cablin and its nanoformulation on the leaf-cutting ants: Atta opaciceps (Borgmeier, 1939), Atta sexdens (Linnaeus, 1758), and Atta sexdens rubropilosa Forel, 1908. The nanoformulation was developed by magnetic stirring using polyoxyethylene (36%), pure ethanol (36%), essential oil of P. cablin (18%), and water (10%). Bioassays of acute toxicity by fumigation and behavioral bioassays in treated arenas, with and without choice, were performed. The essential oil of P. cablin and its nanoformulation demonstrated efficient insecticidal activity and irritability to ant species. The concentration required to kill 50% of workers varied from 1.06 to 2.10 μL L-1, with a mean time to death of less than or equal to 42 h. The essential oil of P. cablin and its nanoformulation reduced the displacement and velocity speed of the workers of A. opaciceps and A. sexdens rubropilosa in totally treated arenas. In the bioassays with choices, the three species of ants walked less and at a greater speed on the treated side of arena. This work demonstrates the potential of the essential oil of P. cablin and its nanoformulation to the generation of new formicidal products.
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Affiliation(s)
- A G Rocha
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Agricultura e Biodiversidade (PPGAGRI), Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | - B M S Oliveira
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Agricultura e Biodiversidade (PPGAGRI), Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | - C R Melo
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Agricultura e Biodiversidade (PPGAGRI), Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | - T S Sampaio
- Rede Nordeste de Biotecnologia (RENORBIO), Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | - A F Blank
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Agricultura e Biodiversidade (PPGAGRI), Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
- Depto de Engenharia Agronômica, Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | - A D Lima
- Rede Nordeste de Biotecnologia (RENORBIO), Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | - R S Nunes
- Rede Nordeste de Biotecnologia (RENORBIO), Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | - A P A Araújo
- Depto de Ecologia, Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | - P F Cristaldo
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Agricultura e Biodiversidade (PPGAGRI), Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
- Depto de Agronomia/Entomologia, Univ Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brasil
| | - L Bacci
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Agricultura e Biodiversidade (PPGAGRI), Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil.
- Depto de Engenharia Agronômica, Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil.
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Abstract
One of the greatest sources of metabolic and enzymatic diversity are microorganisms. In recent years, emerging recombinant DNA and genomic techniques have facilitated the development of new efficient expression systems, modification of biosynthetic pathways leading to new metabolites by metabolic engineering, and enhancement of catalytic properties of enzymes by directed evolution. Complete sequencing of industrially important microbial genomes is taking place very rapidly, and there are already hundreds of genomes sequenced. Functional genomics and proteomics are major tools used in the search for new molecules and development of higher-producing strains.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sergio Sánchez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, CDMX, México
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18
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Deshayes C, Siegwart M, Pauron D, Froger JA, Lapied B, Apaire-Marchais V. Microbial Pest Control Agents: Are they a Specific And Safe Tool for Insect Pest Management? Curr Med Chem 2017; 24:2959-2973. [PMID: 28292241 DOI: 10.2174/0929867324666170314144311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 01/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Microorganisms (viruses, bacteria and fungi) or their bioactive agents can be used as active substances and therefore are referred as Microbial Pest Control Agents (MPCA). They are used as alternative strategies to chemical insecticides to counteract the development of resistances and to reduce adverse effects on both environment and human health. These natural entomopathogenic agents, which have specific modes of action, are generally considered safer as compared to conventional chemical insecticides. Baculoviruses are the only viruses being used as the safest biological control agents. They infect insects and have narrow host ranges. Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is the most widely and successfully used bioinsecticide in the integrated pest management programs in the world. Bt mainly produces crystal delta-endotoxins and secreted toxins. However, the Bt toxins are not stable for a very long time and are highly sensitive to solar UV. So genetically modified plants that express toxins have been developed and represent a large part of the phytosanitary biological products. Finally, entomopathogenic fungi and particularly, Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae, are also used for their insecticidal properties. Most studies on various aspects of the safety of MPCA to human, non-target organisms and environment have only reported acute but not chronic toxicity. This paper reviews the modes of action of MPCA, their toxicological risks to human health and ecotoxicological profiles together with their environmental persistence. This review is part of the special issue "Insecticide Mode of Action: From Insect to Mammalian Toxicity".
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Deshayes
- Laboratoire SiFCIR UPRES EA 2647/USC INRA 1330, SFR 4207 QUASAV, UFR Sciences, Universite Bretagne Loire, Univ.Angers. France
| | - Myriam Siegwart
- UR1115, Plantes et Systèmes de culture Horticoles Unit, INRA, Avignon. France
| | - David Pauron
- Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, CNRS, UMR7254, INRA, UMR1355, Université de Nice Sophia- Antipolis, Sophia Antipolis. France
| | - Josy-Anne Froger
- Laboratoire SiFCIR UPRES EA 2647/USC INRA 1330, SFR 4207 QUASAV, UFR Sciences, Universite Bretagne Loire, Univ.Angers. France
| | - Bruno Lapied
- Laboratoire SiFCIR UPRES EA 2647/USC INRA 1330, SFR 4207 QUASAV, UFR Sciences, Universite Bretagne Loire, Univ.Angers. France
| | - Véronique Apaire-Marchais
- Laboratoire SiFCIR UPRES EA 2647/USC INRA 1330, SFR 4207 QUASAV, UFR, Sciences, Universite d';Angers, 2 Bd Lavoisier, 49045 Angers cedex. France
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Gomis-Cebolla J, Ruiz de Escudero I, Vera-Velasco NM, Hernández-Martínez P, Hernández-Rodríguez CS, Ceballos T, Palma L, Escriche B, Caballero P, Ferré J. Insecticidal spectrum and mode of action of the Bacillus thuringiensis Vip3Ca insecticidal protein. J Invertebr Pathol 2016; 142:60-67. [PMID: 27756652 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2016.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The Vip3Ca protein, discovered in a screening of Spanish collections of Bacillus thuringiensis, was known to be toxic to Chrysodeixis chalcites, Mamestra brassicae and Trichoplusia ni. In the present study, its activity has been tested with additional insect species and we found that Cydia pomonella is moderately susceptible to this protein. Vip3Ca (of approximately 90kDa) was processed to an approximately 70kDa protein when incubated with midgut juice in all tested species. The kinetics of proteolysis correlated with the susceptibility of the insect species to Vip3Ca. The activation was faster to slower in the following order: M. brassicae (susceptible), Spodoptera littoralis (moderately susceptible), Agrotis ipsilon and Ostrinia nubilalis (slightly susceptible). Processing Vip3Ca by O. nubilalis or M. brassicae midgut juice did not significantly changed its toxicity to either insect species, indicating that the low susceptibility of O. nubilalis is not due to a problem in the midgut processing of the toxin. M. brassicae larvae fed with Vip3Ca showed binding of this toxin to the apical membrane of the midgut epithelial cells. Histopathological inspection showed sloughing of the epithelial cells with further disruption, which suggests that the mode of action of Vip3Ca is similar to that described for Vip3Aa. Biotin-labeled Vip3Ca and Vip3Aa bound specifically to M. brassicae brush border membrane vesicles and both toxins competed for binding sites. This result suggests that insects resistant to Vip3A may also be cross-resistant to Vip3C, which has implications for Insect Resistance Management (IRM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquín Gomis-Cebolla
- Estructura de Recerca Interdisciplinar en Biotecnología y Biomedicina (ERI BIOTECMED), Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universitat de València, 46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - Iñigo Ruiz de Escudero
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología, CSIC-UPNA, Gobierno de Navarra, Avda. de Pamplona nº 123, 31192 Mutilva, Navarra, Spain; Laboratorio de Entomología Agrícola y Patología de Insectos, Departamento de Producción Agraria, Universidad Pública de Navarra, 31006 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Natalia Mara Vera-Velasco
- Estructura de Recerca Interdisciplinar en Biotecnología y Biomedicina (ERI BIOTECMED), Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universitat de València, 46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - Patricia Hernández-Martínez
- Estructura de Recerca Interdisciplinar en Biotecnología y Biomedicina (ERI BIOTECMED), Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universitat de València, 46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - Carmen Sara Hernández-Rodríguez
- Estructura de Recerca Interdisciplinar en Biotecnología y Biomedicina (ERI BIOTECMED), Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universitat de València, 46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - Tomás Ceballos
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología, CSIC-UPNA, Gobierno de Navarra, Avda. de Pamplona nº 123, 31192 Mutilva, Navarra, Spain
| | - Leopoldo Palma
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología, CSIC-UPNA, Gobierno de Navarra, Avda. de Pamplona nº 123, 31192 Mutilva, Navarra, Spain; Laboratorio de Entomología Agrícola y Patología de Insectos, Departamento de Producción Agraria, Universidad Pública de Navarra, 31006 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Baltasar Escriche
- Estructura de Recerca Interdisciplinar en Biotecnología y Biomedicina (ERI BIOTECMED), Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universitat de València, 46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - Primitivo Caballero
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología, CSIC-UPNA, Gobierno de Navarra, Avda. de Pamplona nº 123, 31192 Mutilva, Navarra, Spain; Laboratorio de Entomología Agrícola y Patología de Insectos, Departamento de Producción Agraria, Universidad Pública de Navarra, 31006 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Juan Ferré
- Estructura de Recerca Interdisciplinar en Biotecnología y Biomedicina (ERI BIOTECMED), Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universitat de València, 46100 Burjassot, Spain.
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da Fonseca Meireles S, Domingos PR, da Silva Pinto AC, Rafael MS. Toxic effect and genotoxicity of the semisynthetic derivatives dillapiole ethyl ether and dillapiole n-butyl ether for control of Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae). Mutat Res Genet Toxicol Environ Mutagen 2016; 807:1-7. [PMID: 27542709 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2016.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Revised: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two derivatives of dillapiole, dillapiole ethyl ether (1KL39-B) and butyl ether-n dillapiole (1KL43-C), were studied for their toxicity and genotoxicity against Aedes albopictus, to help develop new strategies for the control of this potential vector of dengue and other arboviruses, because it is resistant to synthetic insecticides. Eggs and larvae exposed to different concentrations of 1KL39-B (25, 30, 50, 70, and 80μg/mL) and of 1KL43-C (12.5, 20, 25, 30 and 40μg/mL) exhibited toxicity and susceptibility, with 100% mortality. The LC50 was 55.86±1.57μg/mL for 1KL39-B and 25.60±1.24μg/mL for 1KL43-C, while the LC90 was 70.12μg/mL for 1KL39-B and 41.51μg/mL for 1KL43-C. The gradual decrease in oviposition of the females of the G1 to G4 generations was proportional to the increase in concentrations of these compounds, which could be related to the cumulative effect of cell anomalies in neuroblasts and oocytes (P<0.05), including micronuclei, budding, multinucleated cells and nuclear bridges. These findings showed that both 1KL39-B and 1KL43-C can serve as potential alternatives in the control of A. albopictus.
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Salim H, Rawi CSM, Ahmad AH, Al-Shami SA. Efficacy of Insecticide and Bioinsecticide Ground Sprays to Control Metisa plana Walker (Lepidoptera: Psychidae) in Oil Palm Plantations, Malaysia. Trop Life Sci Res 2015; 26:73-83. [PMID: 26868711 PMCID: PMC4729409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The effectiveness of the synthetic insecticides trichlorfon, lambda-cyhalothrin, cypermethrin emulsion concentrated (EC) and cypermethrin emulsion water based (EW) and a bio-insecticide, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki (Btk), was evaluated at 3, 7, 14 and 30 days after treatment (DAT) for the control of Metisa plana larvae in an oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) plantation in Malaysia. Although all synthetic insecticides effectively reduced the larval population of M. plana, trichlorfon, lambda-cyhalothrin and cypermethrin EC were the fastest-acting. The larval population dropped below the economic threshold level (ETL) 30 days after a single application of the synthetic insecticides. Application of Btk, however, gave poor results, with the larval population remaining above the ETL post treatment. In terms of operational productivity, ground spraying using power spray equipment was time-consuming and resulted in poor coverage. Power spraying may not be appropriate for controlling M. plana infestations in large fields. Using a power sprayer, one man could cover 2-3 ha per day. Hence, power spraying is recommended during outbreaks of infestation in areas smaller than 50 ha.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasber Salim
- Crop Protection Division, Felda Agricultural Services Sdn. Bhd., Pusat Penyelidikan Pertanian Tun Razak, 26400 Bandar Jengka, Pahang
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Che Salmah Md. Rawi
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Abu Hassan Ahmad
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Salman Abdo Al-Shami
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
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22
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Oliveira CT, Kunz D, Silva CP, Macedo MLR. Entomotoxic properties of Dioclea violacea lectin and its effects on digestive enzymes of Anagasta kuehniella (Lepidoptera). J Insect Physiol 2015; 81:81-89. [PMID: 26166677 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2015.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2014] [Revised: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Entomotoxic plant lectins have been extensively studied in the past two decades, yet the exact mechanisms underlying their toxic effects remain unknown. This study investigated the effects of Dioclea violacea lectin (DVL) on larval development in Anagasta kuehniella. Chronic exposure of larvae (from neonates to the fourth instar) demonstrated that DVL interfered with larval growth, retarding development and decreasing larval mass without affecting survival. DVL decreased trypsin-like, chymotrypsin-like, and α-amylase activities and proved resistant to proteolysis by midgut proteases up to 24h. Shorter exposures to dietary DVL had no effect on midgut enzyme activity. Feeding fourth-instar larvae with fluorescently-labeled DVL revealed lectin binding to the peritrophic membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Turatti Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, 79070-900 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil; Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, SBBq, Brazil
| | - Daniele Kunz
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, C.P. 476, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Carlos Peres Silva
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, C.P. 476, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Maria Lígia Rodrigues Macedo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, 79070-900 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil; Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, SBBq, Brazil; Unidade de Tecnologia de Alimentos e Saúde Pública, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, C.P. 549, 79070-900 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil.
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Barbosa WF, Tomé HVV, Bernardes RC, Siqueira MAL, Smagghe G, Guedes RNC. Biopesticide-induced behavioral and morphological alterations in the stingless bee Melipona quadrifasciata. Environ Toxicol Chem 2015; 34:2149-2158. [PMID: 26190792 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2015] [Revised: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Because of their natural origin, biopesticides are assumed to be less harmful to beneficial insects, including bees, and therefore their use has been widely encouraged for crop protection. There is little evidence, however, to support this ingrained notion of biopesticide safety to pollinators. Because larval exposure is still largely unexplored in ecotoxicology and risk assessment on bees, an investigation was performed on the lethal and sublethal effects of a diet treated with 2 bioinsecticides, azadirachtin and spinosad, on the stingless bee, Melipona quadrifasciata, which is one of the most important pollinators in the Neotropics. Survival of stingless bee larvae was significantly compromised at doses above 210 ng a.i./bee for azadirachtin and 114 ng a.i./bee for spinosad. No sublethal effect was observed on larvae developmental time, but doses of both compounds negatively affected pupal body mass. Azadirachtin produced deformed pupae and adults as a result of its insect growth regulator properties, but spinosad was more harmful and produced greater numbers of deformed individuals. Only spinosad compromised walking activity of the adult workers at doses as low as 2.29 ng a.i./bee, which is 1/5000 of the maximum field recommended rate. In conclusion, the results demonstrated that bioinsecticides can pose significant risks to native pollinators with lethal and sublethal effects; future investigations are needed on the likelihood of such effects under field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wagner F Barbosa
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Department of Crop Protection, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hudson Vaner V Tomé
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo C Bernardes
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Guy Smagghe
- Department of Crop Protection, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Raul Narciso C Guedes
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Abstract
Since the description and biochemical characterization of the first insect-specific neurotoxins from scorpion venoms, almost all contributions have highlighted their potential application as leads for the development of potent bioinsecticides. Their practical use, however, has been hindered by different factors, some of which are intrinsically related to the toxins and other external determinants. Recent developments in the understanding of the action mechanisms of the scorpion insectotoxins and their bioactive surfaces, coupled with the exploration of novel bioinsecticide delivery systems have renewed the expectations that the scorpion insectotoxins could find their way into commercial applications in agriculture, as part of integrated pest control strategies. Herein, we review the current arsenal of available scorpion neurotoxins with a degree of specificity for insects, the progress made with alternative delivery methods, and the drawbacks that still preclude their practical use.
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Ali MS, Ravikumar S, Beula JM. Bioactivity of seagrass against the dengue fever mosquito Aedes aegypti larvae. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2015; 2:570-3. [PMID: 23569973 DOI: 10.1016/s2221-1691(12)60099-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2011] [Revised: 10/03/2011] [Accepted: 12/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify the larvicidal activity of the seagrass extracts. METHODS Seagrass extracts, Syringodium isoetifolium (S. isoetifolium), Cymodocea serrulata and Halophila beccarii, were dissolved in DMSO to prepare a graded series of concentration. Batches of 25 early 4th instars larvae of Aedes aegypti (Ae. aegypti) were transferred to 250 mL enamel bowl containing 199 mL of distilled water and 1 mL of plant extracts (0.01 mg - 0.1 mg). After 24 h the mortality rate was identified with the formulae [(% of test mortality - % of control mortality)/(100 - % of control mortality)] × 100. Each experiment was conducted with three replicates and a concurrent control group. A control group consisted of 1 mL of DMSO and 199 mL of distilled water only. RESULTS : The root extract of S. isoetifolium showed maximum larvicidal activity with minimum concentration of extract of LC50= 0.0 604 ± 0.0 040)µg/mL with lower confidence limit (LCL) - upper confidence limit (UCL) = (0.051-0.071) and LC90=0.0 972µg/mL followed by leaf extract of S. isoetifolium showed LC50= (0.062 ± 0.005)µg/mL. The regression equation of root and leaf extract of S. isoetifolium for 4th instar larvae were Y= 4.909 + 1.32x (R(2)= 0.909) and Y= 2.066 + 1.21x (R(2) =0.897) respectively. The results of the preliminary phytochemical constituents shows the presence of saponin, steroids, terpenoid, phenols, protein and sugars. CONCLUSIONS From the present study the ethanolic extracts of seagrass of S. isoetifolium possesses lead compound for development of larvicidal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Syed Ali
- School of Marine Sciences, Division of Marine Microbiology and Medicine, Department of Oceanography and Costal Area Studies, Alagappa University, Thondi Campus, Thondi-623409, Tamil Nadu, India
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Ruiz de Escudero I, Banyuls N, Bel Y, Maeztu M, Escriche B, Muñoz D, Caballero P, Ferré J. A screening of five Bacillus thuringiensis Vip3A proteins for their activity against lepidopteran pests. J Invertebr Pathol 2014; 117:51-5. [PMID: 24508583 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2014.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2013] [Revised: 01/21/2014] [Accepted: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Five Bacillus thuringiensis Vip3A proteins (Vip3Aa, Vip3Ab, Vip3Ad, Vip3Ae and Vip3Af) and their corresponding trypsin-activated toxins were tested for their toxicity against eight lepidopteran pests: Agrotis ipsilon, Helicoverpa armigera, Mamestra brassicae, Spodoptera exigua, Spodoptera frugiperda, Spodoptera littoralis, Ostrinia nubilalis and Lobesia botrana. Toxicity was first tested at a high dose at 7 and 10 days. No major differences were found when comparing protoxins vs. trypsin-activated toxins. The proteins that were active against most of the insect species were Vip3Aa, Vip3Ae and Vip3Af, followed by Vip3Ab. Vip3Ad was non-toxic to any of the species tested. Considering the results by insect species, A. ipsilon, S. frugiperda and S. littoralis were susceptible to Vip3Aa, Vip3Ab, Vip3Ae and Vip3Af; S. exigua was susceptible to Vip3Aa and Vip3Ae, and moderately susceptible to Vip3Ab; M. brassicae and L. botrana were susceptible to Vip3Aa, Vip3Ae and Vip3Af; H. armigera was moderately susceptible to Vip3Aa, Vip3Ae and Vip3Af, and O. nubilalis was tolerant to all Vip3 proteins tested, although it showed some susceptibility to Vip3Af. The results obtained will help to design new combinations of insecticidal protein genes in transgenic crops or in recombinant bacteria for the control of insect pests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iñigo Ruiz de Escudero
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología, CSIC-UPNA, Gobierno de Navarra, Campus Arrosadía, 31192 Mutilva, Navarra, Spain; Laboratorio de Entomología Agrícola y Patología de Insectos, Departamento de Producción Agraria, Universidad Pública de Navarra, 31006 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Núria Banyuls
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad de CC. Biológicas, Universitat de València, 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - Yolanda Bel
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad de CC. Biológicas, Universitat de València, 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - Mireya Maeztu
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología, CSIC-UPNA, Gobierno de Navarra, Campus Arrosadía, 31192 Mutilva, Navarra, Spain
| | - Baltasar Escriche
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad de CC. Biológicas, Universitat de València, 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - Delia Muñoz
- Laboratorio de Entomología Agrícola y Patología de Insectos, Departamento de Producción Agraria, Universidad Pública de Navarra, 31006 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Primitivo Caballero
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología, CSIC-UPNA, Gobierno de Navarra, Campus Arrosadía, 31192 Mutilva, Navarra, Spain; Laboratorio de Entomología Agrícola y Patología de Insectos, Departamento de Producción Agraria, Universidad Pública de Navarra, 31006 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Juan Ferré
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad de CC. Biológicas, Universitat de València, 46100 Valencia, Spain.
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