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Wu ZY, Lu XM, Liu R, Han YX, Qian HY, Zhao Q, Niu M. Impaired Skeletal Muscle in Patients with Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Compared with Non-COPD Patients. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2023; 18:1525-1532. [PMID: 37489239 PMCID: PMC10363356 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s396728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study was designed to investigate the differences in skeletal-muscle atrophy between patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and healthy controls; associated factors were also considered. The study comprised selected residents of communities near the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University in Suzhou City, East China. Patients and Methods Included in this study were 123 COPD patients and 60 controls. All patients completed spirometry as well as examinations to determine their functional exercise capacity, body composition, and handgrip strength (HGS). Results COPD patients had less fat-free mass (FFM), a lower FFM index (FFMI), and a lower 6-min walking distance (6MWD) compared with controls (P = 0.007, P = 0.020, and P < 0.001, respectively) (FFMI: 17.59 ± 1.83 vs 18.34 ± 1.64). The HGS of these patients was also lower compared with that of controls (32.88 ± 7.84 vs 35.48 ± 7.42), and HGS tended toward statistical significance (P = 0.064, respectively). In multivariate analysis, age (β = -0.107, P < 0.001), gender (β = 0.212, P < 0.001), body mass index (BMI) (β = 0.462, P < 0.001), FEV1% (β = 0.108, P = 0.009), and calf circumference (CC) (β = 0.457, P < 0.001) were significantly associated with FFMI. Conclusion Impaired skeletal muscle mass was more common in COPD patients than in controls. Multiple regression analysis showed that CC may be used to detect the degree of impairment, particularly by health-care providers working outside of the hospital.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Yun Wu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Min Lu
- School of Nursing, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan-Xia Han
- Department of Nursing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong-Ying Qian
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mei’e Niu
- Department of Nursing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Murphy-Alford AJ, Johnson W, Nyati LH, Santos IS, Hills AP, Ariff S, Wickramasinghe VP, Kuriyan R, Lucas MN, Costa CS, Slater C, Ahmad T, Byrne NM, Divya PJ, Kurpad AV, Cheikh Ismail LI, Loechl CU, Norris SA. Body composition reference charts for infants from birth to 24 months: Multicenter Infant Body Composition Reference Study. Am J Clin Nutr 2023; 117:1262-1269. [PMID: 37270290 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Body composition assessment in the first 2 y of life provides important insights into child nutrition and health. The application and interpretation of body composition data in infants and young children have been challenged by a lack of global reference data. OBJECTIVES We aimed to develop body composition reference charts of infants aged 0-6 mo based on air displacement plethysmography (ADP) and those aged 3-24 mo based on total body water (TBW) by deuterium dilution (DD). METHODS Body composition was assessed by ADP in infants aged 0-6 mo from Australia, India, and South Africa. TBW using DD was assessed for infants aged 3-24 mo from Brazil, Pakistan, South Africa, and Sri Lanka. Reference charts and centiles were constructed for body composition using the lambda-mu-sigma method. RESULTS Sex-specific reference charts were produced for FM index (FMI), FFM index (FFMI), and percent FM (%FM) for infants aged 0-6 mo (n = 470 infants; 1899 observations) and 3-24 mo (n = 1026 infants; 3690 observations). When compared with other available references, there were observable differences but similar patterns in the trajectories of FMI, FFMI, and %FM. CONCLUSIONS These reference charts will strengthen the interpretation and understanding of body composition in infants across the first 24 mo of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexia J Murphy-Alford
- Division of Human Health, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria.
| | - William Johnson
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Lukhanyo H Nyati
- SAMRC Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Pediatrics, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Ina S Santos
- Post-graduate Program in Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Andrew P Hills
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Shabina Ariff
- Department of Pediatric and Child Health, Medical College, The Aga Khan University, Sindh, Pakistan
| | | | | | - M Nishani Lucas
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Caroline S Costa
- Post-graduate Program in Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Christine Slater
- Division of Human Health, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
| | - Tanvir Ahmad
- Life Science Group, Isotope Application Division, Pakistan; Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology (PINSTECH), Nilore, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Nuala M Byrne
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia
| | | | | | - Leila I Cheikh Ismail
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Cornelia U Loechl
- Division of Human Health, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
| | - Shane A Norris
- SAMRC Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Pediatrics, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; School of Human Development and Health, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
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Chen YY, Kao CL, Tuan SH, Lin KL. Cardiopulmonary Fitness of Preschoolers with Congenital Heart Disease: An Observational Study. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13010118. [PMID: 36677043 PMCID: PMC9865549 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13010118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
With advancements in cardiopulmonary rehabilitation over the past few decades, the survival rate of patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) has increased. However, the Cardiopulmonary fitness (CPF) of these patients is poor. Here, we aimed to investigate CPF in preschoolers with CHD (aged 4 to 6 years) using cardiopulmonary exercise testing. We retrospectively compared 102 healthy preschoolers with 80 preschoolers with CHD. The latter had lower peak oxygen consumption, oxygen consumption at anaerobic threshold and metabolic equivalent at anaerobic threshold. The same result was observed in boys with CHD, but not in girls, when sex was sub-analyzed. Considering the body composition, children with CHD had a lower fat-free mass index (FFMI) than their healthy peers. Healthy preschoolers with a normal body mass index (BMI) had higher anaerobic threshold and peak metabolic equivalent values than overweight or underweight children. This was categorized under the BMI reference of the Ministry of Health and Welfare in Taiwan. In conclusion, the CPF difference between the CHD and healthy groups was identified as early as in preschool age, and better CPF in healthy preschoolers within the normal BMI range suggests the importance of weight control in young children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Yu Chen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Lan Kao
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Therapy and Assistive Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
- Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-Devices (IDS2B), National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Hui Tuan
- Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Rd., Tainan City 70101, Taiwan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Cishan Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, No. 60, Zhongxue Rd., Cishan District, Kaohsiung 84247, Taiwan
| | - Ko-Long Lin
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kaohsiung Veteran General Hospital, Kaohsiung 81362, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-929-580-187; Fax: +886-7-342-8605
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Clasey JL, Easley EA, Murphy MO, Kiessling SG, Stromberg A, Schadler A, Huang H, Bauer JA. Body mass index percentiles versus body composition assessments: Challenges for disease risk classifications in children. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1112920. [PMID: 36937977 PMCID: PMC10020489 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1112920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Identifying at-risk children with optimal specificity and sensitivity to allow for the appropriate intervention strategies to be implemented is crucial to improving the health and well-being of children. We determined relationships of body mass indexes for age and sex percentile (BMI%) classifications to actual body composition using validated and convenient methodologies and compared fat and non-fat mass estimates to normative cut-off reference values to determine guideline reliability. We hypothesized that we would achieve an improved ability to identify at-risk children using simple, non-invasive body composition and index measures. Methods Cross-sectional study of a volunteer convenience sample of 1,064 (537 boys) young children comparing Body Fat Percentage (BF%), Fat Mass Index (FMI), Fat-Free Mass Index (FFMI), determined via rapid bioimpedance methods vs. BMI% in children. Comparisons determined among weight classifications and boys vs. girls. Results Amongst all subjects BMI% was generally correlated to body composition measures and indexes but nearly one quarter of children in the low-risk classifications (healthy weight or overweight BMI%) had higher BF% and/or lower FFMI than recommended standards. Substantial evidence of higher than expected fatness and or sarcopenia was found relative to risk status. Inaccuracies were more common in girls than boys and girls were found to have consistently higher BF% at any BMI%. Conclusions The population studied raises concerns regarding actual risks for children of healthy or overweight categorized BMI% since many had higher than expected BF% and potential sarcopenia. When body composition and FMI and FFMI are used in conjunction with BMI% improved sensitivity, and accuracy of identifying children who may benefit from appropriate interventions results. These additional measures could help guide clinical decision making in settings of disease-risks stratifications and interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jody L. Clasey
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Promotion, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
- Correspondence: Jody L. Clasey
| | - Elizabeth A. Easley
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Promotion, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
- Department of Math, Science, Nursing, Public Health, University of South Carolina Lancaster, Lancaster, SC, United States
| | - Margaret O. Murphy
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Stefan G. Kiessling
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Arnold Stromberg
- Department of Statistics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Aric Schadler
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Hong Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - John A. Bauer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
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Li H, Li D, Wang X, Ding H, Wu Q, Li H, Wang X, Li K, Xiao R, Yu K, Xi Y. The Role of Dietary Patterns and Dietary Quality on Body Composition of Adolescents in Chinese College. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14214544. [PMID: 36364805 PMCID: PMC9654524 DOI: 10.3390/nu14214544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
There is limited evidence regarding the effects of dietary pattern and dietary quality on the risk of unhealthy weight status and related body composition in Chinese adolescence. In particular, studies using bioelectrical impedance analyzer (BIA) in these subjects are rare. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of diet in body composition, to find a healthy dietary pattern for Chinese youth, and to promote the application of BIA among this population. A total of 498 participants aged from 18 to 22 years old were included. Dietary patterns were identified by principal components analysis. Energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index (DII) and diet balance index (DBI) were calculated based on semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Multivariate linear regression and logistic regression analysis were used to examine the relationship of dietary patterns, dietary quality with body mass index (BMI), fat mass index (FMI), fat-free mass index (FFMI), and the effect of dietary factors on BMI levels. The majority of participants with overweight and obesity had abdominal obesity, and there was 3.7% abdominal obesity in normal BMI individuals. Four dietary patterns were detected in the subjects. The pattern with the higher energy intake, which was close to the Western diet, was positively correlated with BMI (β = 0.326, p = 0.018) and FMI (β = 0.201, p = 0.043), while being negatively correlated with FFMI (β = −0.183, p = 0.021). Individuals who followed the pattern similar to the Mediterranean diet had a higher basal metabolic rate (BMR), and the highest fat free mass, soft lean mass, and skeletal muscle mass (p < 0.05) but the lowest FMI, visceral fat area (VFA), waist−hip ratio, and FMI/FFMI ratio (p < 0.05). Higher energy-adjusted DII was associated with high BMI. Higher bound score (HBS) (β = −0.018, p = 0.010) and diet quality distance (DQD) (β = −0.012, p = 0.015) were both negatively correlated with FFMI. In conclusion, fat or muscle indexes, such as BMR, FMI, and FFMI, had an important role in predicting overweight and obesity, which suggested the importance of applying BIA among Chinese college students. Students who followed healthful dietary patterns or the high-quality diet that is similar to the Mediterranean diet but not close to the Western diet were more likely to have a healthy BMI and normal body composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongrui Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Dajun Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xianyun Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Huini Ding
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Qinghua Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Haojun Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Kaifeng Li
- Research Institute, Heilongjiang Feihe Dairy Co., Ltd. C-16, 10A Jiuxianqiao Rd., Chaoyang, Beijing 100015, China
| | - Rong Xiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Kang Yu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yuandi Xi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
- Correspondence:
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Abdulkadir M, Hübel C, Herle M, Loos RJF, Breen G, Bulik CM, Micali N. The impact of anorexia nervosa and BMI polygenic risk on childhood growth: A 20-year longitudinal population-based study. Am J Hum Genet 2022; 109:1242-1254. [PMID: 35705101 PMCID: PMC9300758 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2022.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth deviating from the norm during childhood has been associated with anorexia nervosa (AN) and obesity later in life. In this study, we examined whether polygenic scores (PGSs) for AN and BMI are associated with growth trajectories spanning the first two decades of life. AN PGSs and BMI PGSs were calculated for participants of the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC; n = 8,654). Using generalized (mixed) linear models, we associated PGSs with trajectories of weight, height, body mass index (BMI), fat mass index (FMI), lean mass index (LMI), and bone mineral density (BMD). Female participants with AN PGSs one standard deviation (SD) higher had, on average, 0.004% slower growth in BMI between the ages 6.5 and 24 years and a 0.4% slower gain in BMD between the ages 10 and 24 years. Higher BMI PGSs were associated with faster growth for BMI, FMI, LMI, BMD, and weight trajectories in both sexes throughout childhood. Female participants with both a high AN PGS and a low BMI PGS showed slower growth compared to those with both a low AN PGS and a low BMI PGS. We conclude that AN PGSs and BMI PGSs have detectable sex-specific effects on growth trajectories. Female participants with a high AN PGS and low BMI PGS likely constitute a high-risk group for AN, as their growth was slower compared to their peers with high PGSs on both traits. Further research is needed to better understand how the AN PGS and the BMI PGS co-influence growth during childhood and whether a high BMI PGS can mitigate the effects of a high AN PGS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Abdulkadir
- Department of Pediatrics Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; National Centre for Register-based Research, Aarhus Business and Social Sciences, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Christopher Hübel
- Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health, South London and Maudsley Hospital, London, UK; National Centre for Register-based Research, Aarhus Business and Social Sciences, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Moritz Herle
- Department of Biostatistics & Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Department of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gerome Breen
- Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health, South London and Maudsley Hospital, London, UK
| | - Cynthia M Bulik
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Nadia Micali
- Department of Pediatrics Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK; Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark, Eating Disorders Research Unit, Psychiatric Centre Ballerup, Ballerup, Denmark.
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7
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Vehrs PR, Fellingham GW, McAferty A, Kelsey L. Trends in BMI Percentile and Body Fat Percentage in Children 12 to 17 Years of Age. Children (Basel) 2022; 9:744. [PMID: 35626921 DOI: 10.3390/children9050744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluates the cross-sectional trends in body fat percentage (BF%) and body mass index (BMI) percentile rank, and the relationship between the two in 332 (177 boys, 155 girls) 12- to 17-year-old children. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated using measured height and body mass, and sex-specific BMI for age percentile rank was determined using CDC growth charts. Body fat percentage (BF%) was measured with DEXA. Fat mass index (FMI) and fat-free mass index (FFMI) were calculated by normalizing the fat mass and fat-free mass for height. Compared to boys of the same age, girls had significantly higher BF% and FMI values and lower FFMI values. Compared to boys, at a given BMI percentile rank, females had a higher BF% and FMI, and a lower FFMI. In both boys and girls, there was an exponential increase in adiposity above the 70th percentile rank. BMI percentile rank is not an equivalent indicator of body fatness in boys and girls. Other measures of body composition can further inform the practitioner of a child’s adiposity.
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Takimoto M, Yasui-Yamada S, Nasu N, Kagiya N, Aotani N, Kurokawa Y, Tani-Suzuki Y, Kashihara H, Saito Y, Nishi M, Shimada M, Hamada Y. Development and Validation of Cutoff Value for Reduced Muscle Mass for GLIM Criteria in Patients with Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Cancers. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14050943. [PMID: 35267918 PMCID: PMC8912591 DOI: 10.3390/nu14050943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria recommends using race- and sex-adjusted cutoff values for reduced muscle mass (RMM), but the only cutoff values available for Asians are the skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) established by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS). This retrospective study aimed to develop and validate cutoff values for the fat-free mass index (FFMI) and arm circumference (AC) of Asians, and to investigate the association between GLIM malnutrition and prognosis. A total of 660 patients with primary gastrointestinal (GI) and hepatobiliary–pancreatic (HBP) cancers who underwent their first resection surgery were recruited and randomly divided into development and validation groups. The FFMI and AC cutoff values were calculated by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis for the AWGS SMI as the gold standard. The cutoff values for each RMM were used to diagnose malnutrition on the basis of GLIM criteria, and the survival rates were compared. The optimal FFMI cutoff values for RMM were 17 kg/m2 for men and 15 kg/m2 for women, and for AC were 27 cm for men and 25 cm for women. In the validation group, the accuracy of the FFMI and AC cutoff values to discriminate RMM were 85.2% and 68.8%, respectively. Using any of the three measures of RMM, overall survival rates were significantly lower in the GLIM malnutrition group. In conclusion, the cutoff values for the FFMI and AC in this study could discriminate RMM, and GLIM malnutrition using these cutoff values was associated with decreased survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mami Takimoto
- Department of Therapeutic Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; (M.T.); (N.N.); (N.K.); (N.A.); (Y.K.); (Y.T.-S.); (Y.S.); (Y.H.)
| | - Sonoko Yasui-Yamada
- Department of Therapeutic Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; (M.T.); (N.N.); (N.K.); (N.A.); (Y.K.); (Y.T.-S.); (Y.S.); (Y.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-88-633-9124; Fax: +81-88-633-9574
| | - Nanami Nasu
- Department of Therapeutic Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; (M.T.); (N.N.); (N.K.); (N.A.); (Y.K.); (Y.T.-S.); (Y.S.); (Y.H.)
| | - Natsumi Kagiya
- Department of Therapeutic Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; (M.T.); (N.N.); (N.K.); (N.A.); (Y.K.); (Y.T.-S.); (Y.S.); (Y.H.)
| | - Nozomi Aotani
- Department of Therapeutic Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; (M.T.); (N.N.); (N.K.); (N.A.); (Y.K.); (Y.T.-S.); (Y.S.); (Y.H.)
| | - Yumiko Kurokawa
- Department of Therapeutic Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; (M.T.); (N.N.); (N.K.); (N.A.); (Y.K.); (Y.T.-S.); (Y.S.); (Y.H.)
| | - Yoshiko Tani-Suzuki
- Department of Therapeutic Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; (M.T.); (N.N.); (N.K.); (N.A.); (Y.K.); (Y.T.-S.); (Y.S.); (Y.H.)
| | - Hideya Kashihara
- Department of Digestive Surgery and Transplantation, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; (H.K.); (M.N.); (M.S.)
| | - Yu Saito
- Department of Therapeutic Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; (M.T.); (N.N.); (N.K.); (N.A.); (Y.K.); (Y.T.-S.); (Y.S.); (Y.H.)
- Department of Digestive Surgery and Transplantation, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; (H.K.); (M.N.); (M.S.)
| | - Masaaki Nishi
- Department of Digestive Surgery and Transplantation, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; (H.K.); (M.N.); (M.S.)
| | - Mitsuo Shimada
- Department of Digestive Surgery and Transplantation, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; (H.K.); (M.N.); (M.S.)
| | - Yasuhiro Hamada
- Department of Therapeutic Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; (M.T.); (N.N.); (N.K.); (N.A.); (Y.K.); (Y.T.-S.); (Y.S.); (Y.H.)
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9
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Boykin JR, Tinsley GM, Harrison CM, Prather J, Zaragoza J, Tinnin M, Smith S, Wilson C, Taylor LW. Offseason Body Composition Changes Detected by Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry versus Multifrequency Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis in Collegiate American Football Athletes. Sports (Basel) 2021; 9:112. [PMID: 34437373 PMCID: PMC8402408 DOI: 10.3390/sports9080112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Tracking changes in body composition may provide key information about the effectiveness of training programs for athletes. This study reports on the agreement between bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) for tracking body composition changes during a seven-week offseason training program in 29 NCAA collegiate American football players. Body composition in subjects (mean ± SD; age: 19.7 ± 1.5 y; height: 179.8 ± 6.6 cm; body mass (BM: 96.1 ± 12.6 kg; DXA body fat: 20.9 ± 4.4%) was estimated using BIA (InBody 770) and DXA (Hologic Horizon) before and after the training intervention. Repeated measures ANOVA and post hoc comparisons were performed. Longitudinal agreement between methods was also examined by concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) and Bland-Altman analysis alongside linear regression to identify bias. Significant method by time interactions were observed for BM (DXA: 1.1 ± 2.4 kg; BIA: 1.4 ± 2.5 kg; p < 0.03), arms fat-free mass (FFM) (DXA: 0.4 ± 0.5 kg; BIA: 0.2 ± 0.4 kg; p < 0.03), and legs FFM (DXA: 0.6 ± 1.1 kg; BIA: 0.1 ± 0.6 kg; p < 0.01). Post hoc comparisons indicated that DXA-but not BIA-detected increases in FFM of the arms and legs. Time main effects, but no method by time interactions, were observed for total FFM (DXA: 1.6 ± 1.9 kg; BIA: 1.2 ± 2.1 kg; p = 0.004) and trunk FFM (DXA: 0.7 ± 1.3 kg; BIA: 0.5 ± 1.0 kg; p = 0.02). Changes in total BM (CCC = 0.96), FFM (CCC = 0.49), and fat mass (CCC = 0.50) were significantly correlated between BIA and DXA. DXA and BIA may similarly track increases in whole-body FFM in American collegiate football players; however, BIA may possess less sensitivity in detecting segmental FFM increases, particularly in the appendages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake R. Boykin
- Energy Balance & Body Composition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology & Sport Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (J.R.B.); (G.M.T.)
| | - Grant M. Tinsley
- Energy Balance & Body Composition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology & Sport Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (J.R.B.); (G.M.T.)
| | - Christine M. Harrison
- Human Performance Laboratory, School of Exercise & Sport Science, University of Mary Hardin-Baylor, Belton, TX 76513, USA; (C.M.H.); (J.P.); (M.T.); (S.S.); (C.W.)
| | - Jessica Prather
- Human Performance Laboratory, School of Exercise & Sport Science, University of Mary Hardin-Baylor, Belton, TX 76513, USA; (C.M.H.); (J.P.); (M.T.); (S.S.); (C.W.)
| | - Javier Zaragoza
- School of Kinesiology, Applied Health and Recreation, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA;
| | - Matthias Tinnin
- Human Performance Laboratory, School of Exercise & Sport Science, University of Mary Hardin-Baylor, Belton, TX 76513, USA; (C.M.H.); (J.P.); (M.T.); (S.S.); (C.W.)
| | - Shay Smith
- Human Performance Laboratory, School of Exercise & Sport Science, University of Mary Hardin-Baylor, Belton, TX 76513, USA; (C.M.H.); (J.P.); (M.T.); (S.S.); (C.W.)
| | - Camden Wilson
- Human Performance Laboratory, School of Exercise & Sport Science, University of Mary Hardin-Baylor, Belton, TX 76513, USA; (C.M.H.); (J.P.); (M.T.); (S.S.); (C.W.)
| | - Lem W. Taylor
- Human Performance Laboratory, School of Exercise & Sport Science, University of Mary Hardin-Baylor, Belton, TX 76513, USA; (C.M.H.); (J.P.); (M.T.); (S.S.); (C.W.)
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10
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Takase M, Nakamura T, Tsuchiya N, Kogure M, Itabashi F, Narita A, Hirata T, Nakaya N, Hamanaka Y, Sugawara J, Suzuki K, Fuse N, Uruno A, Kodama EN, Kuriyama S, Tsuji I, Kure S, Hozawa A. Association between the combined fat mass and fat-free mass index and hypertension: The Tohoku Medical Megabank Community-based Cohort Study. Clin Exp Hypertens 2021; 43:610-621. [PMID: 34229544 DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2021.1925681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A higher body fat percentage is associated with hypertension, even in non-obese individuals. The difference in body composition may be related to hypertension. The fat mass index (FMI) and fat-free mass index (FFMI) are proposed indicators of body composition. This study aimed to examine the relationship of a combination of FMI and FFMI with hypertension. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study of 5,058 men and 11,842 women aged ≥ 20 years in the Miyagi Prefecture, northeastern Japan. The FMI and FFMI were calculated as the fat mass and fat-free mass divided by the height squared, respectively. The indices were classified into quartiles and combined into 16 groups. Hypertension was defined as casual blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mmHg and/or self-reported treatment for hypertension. Multivariable logistic regression models, adjusted for potential confounders, were used to assess the relationship of a combination of FMI and FFMI with hypertension. RESULTS Higher FMI was associated with hypertension in most of the FFMI subgroups. Similarly, a higher FFMI was associated with hypertension in most of FMI subgroups. For men, the association between FFMI and hypertension in the lowest FMI group was not significant. CONCLUSIONS Reducing the FMI and FFMI may be important in preventing hypertension. For men, the relationship between the FFMI and hypertension in the lowest FMI group might be weak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Takase
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Nakamura
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.,Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Naho Tsuchiya
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.,Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Mana Kogure
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.,Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Fumi Itabashi
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.,Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Akira Narita
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.,Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Takumi Hirata
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.,Department of Public Health, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Naoki Nakaya
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.,Department of Health Sciences, Saitama Prefectural University, Koshigaya, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yohei Hamanaka
- Department of Integrative Genomics, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Junichi Sugawara
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.,Department of Community Medical Supports, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.,Department of Feto-Maternal Medical Science, Tohoku University Hospital, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Kichiya Suzuki
- Department of Biobank,Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Nobuo Fuse
- Department of Integrative Genomics, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.,Department of Public Relations and planning, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Akira Uruno
- Department of Integrative Genomics, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Eiichi N Kodama
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.,Department of Infection Disease, International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Shinichi Kuriyama
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.,Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.,Department of wct 2Disaster Public Health, International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Ichiro Tsuji
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.,Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Shigeo Kure
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.,Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.,Department of pediatrics, Tohoku University Hospital, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hozawa
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.,Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
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11
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Fekete M, Fazekas-Pongor V, Balazs P, Tarantini S, Szollosi G, Pako J, Nemeth AN, Varga JT. Effect of malnutrition and body composition on the quality of life of COPD patients. Physiol Int 2021; 108:238-250. [PMID: 34224400 DOI: 10.1556/2060.2021.00170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pathological alterations in nutritional status may develop in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) patients through production of inflammatory cytokines and inadequate diet. OBJECTIVE The aim of our study was to determine the correlation between nutritional status and quality of life of COPD patients. METHODS We evaluated the nutritional status of COPD patients of Hungarian National Koranyi Institute for Pulmonology using the Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) between January 1 and June 1, 2019. Lung function, physical fitness, and respiratory muscle strength were included in the assessment. RESULTS Fifty patients (mean age was 66.3 ± 9.6 years) participated in our study. Mean body mass index (BMI) was 26.2 ± 6.1 kg/m2 and mean fat-free mass index (FFMI) was 16.8 ± 2.4 kg/m2. Overweight patients had better lung function values (FEV1ref%: 46.3 ± 15.2) than normal (FEV1ref%: 45.1 ± 20.9) and underweight patients (FEV1ref%: 43.8 ± 16.0). The Modified Medical Research Council Dyspnea Scale (mMRC) was significantly associated with various parameters; strongest correlation was found with FFMI (r = -0.537, P < 0.001), skeletal muscle mass index (SMMI) (r = -0.530, P < 0.001), and 6-minute walking distance (6MWD) (r = -0.481, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that malnourished COPD patients may have reduced lung function and lower quality of life compared to normal weight patients. Thus, our findings suggest that nutritional therapy be included in the treatment of COPD patients combined with nutritional risk screening and BIA during the follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Fekete
- 1Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - V Fazekas-Pongor
- 1Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - P Balazs
- 1Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - S Tarantini
- 2Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- 3Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - G Szollosi
- 4Department of Family and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Public Health, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - J Pako
- 6National Korányi Institute for Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - A N Nemeth
- 1Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - J T Varga
- 5Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- 6National Korányi Institute for Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
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12
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Imamura Y, Mawatari S, Oda K, Kumagai K, Hiramine Y, Saishoji A, Kakihara A, Nakahara M, Oku M, Hosoyamada K, Kanmura S, Moriuchi A, Miyahara H, Akio Ido. Changes in body composition and low blood urea nitrogen level related to an increase in the prevalence of fatty liver over 20 years: A cross-sectional study. Hepatol Res 2021; 51:570-579. [PMID: 33675676 DOI: 10.1111/hepr.13631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM Qualitative body composition (BC) change, characterized by the combination of visceral fat gain and muscle loss, is drawing attention as a risk factor for fatty liver (FL). The present study aimed to describe trends in BC change and its association with FL in the Japanese population. METHODS Data from medical checkups carried out on 56 639 Japanese participants every 5 years from 1997 to 2017 were analyzed. Fat mass index (FMI) and fat-free mass index (FFMI) were calculated using body mass index and body fat percentage. Subjects were divided into two groups according to deviations from the correlation line of FMI and FFMI as the reference: FMI-predominant BC and FFM-dominant BC. Fatty liver was determined using abdominal ultrasonography. RESULTS The prevalence of FL significantly increased from 27.3% to 42.7% in men and from 18.0% to 25.5% in women. The prevalence of FMI predominance significantly increased from 33.6% to 43.9% in men and from 29.1% to 47.0% in women. Fat mass index predominance was independently associated with FL in men and women (odds ratio: 1.96 and 1.94, respectively). Serum blood urea nitrogen level was inversely associated with FL in men and women (0.958 and 0.961, respectively) and significantly decreased from 15.8 to 14.9 mg/dl in men and from 15.1 to 14.0 mg/dl in women. CONCLUSIONS Increasing FMI-predominant BC and decreasing serum blood urea nitrogen level could account for the increase in the prevalence of FL over 20 years. We believe that these factors stem from current lifestyle habits in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasushi Imamura
- Department of Hepatology, Kagoshima Kouseiren Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Seiichi Mawatari
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kohei Oda
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kotaro Kumagai
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yasunari Hiramine
- Department of Hepatology, Kagoshima Kouseiren Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Akiko Saishoji
- Department of Hepatology, Kagoshima Kouseiren Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Atsuko Kakihara
- Department of Hepatology, Kagoshima Kouseiren Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Mai Nakahara
- Department of Nephrology, Kagoshima Kouseiren Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Manei Oku
- Department of Nephrology, Kajikionsen Hospital, Aira, Japan
| | - Kaori Hosoyamada
- Department of Diabetes, Kagoshima Kouseiren Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Shuji Kanmura
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Akihiro Moriuchi
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Hospital Organization Kagoshima Medical Center, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Hironori Miyahara
- Medical Health Care Center, Kagoshima Kouseiren Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Akio Ido
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
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13
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Pan X, Liu H, Feng G, Xiao J, Wang M, Liu H, Xie X, Rong Z, Wu J, Liu M. Role of Muscle Mass and Nutritional Assessment Tools in Evaluating the Nutritional Status of Patients With Locally Advanced Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. Front Nutr 2021; 8:567085. [PMID: 33763439 PMCID: PMC7982395 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.567085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study was to explore the role and necessity of muscle mass [fat-free mass index (FFMI) and appendicular skeletal muscle index (ASMI) measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA)] in nutritional status evaluation of patients with locally advanced (III, IVa) nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods: One hundred and thirty locally advanced NPC patients were recruited. Their nutritional status was assessed by albumin (ALB), body mass index (BMI), Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS 2002), Patient generated-Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA), and muscle mass. Consistency test and McNemar test were used to evaluate the consistency of muscle mass with ALB, BMI, NRS 2002, and PG-SGA, and correlation analysis was performed on muscle mass and PG-SGA or BMI. Results: 61/130 (46.9%) of the patients had nutritional risks according to NRS 2002, 68/130 (53.1%) of the patients had malnutrition according to PG-SGA assessment. FFMI and ASMI could determine the loss of muscle mass that cannot be detected by albumin (30.2 and 65.6%), BMI (28.0 and 35.3%), NRS 2002 (26.1 and 25.0%), and PG-SGA (18.6 and 55.6%). McNemar test showed that the malnutrition results assessed by FFMI and BMI were inconsistent (P <0.001), but further Pearson correlation analysis showed that BMI was positively correlated with FFMI (rs = 0.300, P = 0.001). Conclusion: The commonly used nutritional assessment scale/parameters cannot identify the muscle mass loss in patients with locally advanced NPC. Analysis of human body composition is important for nutritional assessment in patients with locally advanced NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Pan
- Department of Oncology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Nutrition, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guo Feng
- Department of Nutrition, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Xiao
- Department of Oncology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Nutrition, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hua Liu
- Department of Central Sterile Supply, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xueyi Xie
- Department of Oncology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhipeng Rong
- Department of Oncology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jinru Wu
- Department of Nutrition, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Nutrition, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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14
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Dou S, Ding H, Jiang W, Li R, Qian Y, Wu S, Ling Y, Zhu G. Effect of oral supplements on the nutritional status of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients undergoing concurrent chemotherapy: A randomized controlled Phase II trial. J Cancer Res Ther 2021; 16:1678-1685. [PMID: 33565516 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_273_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Objectives The objectives of this study were to prospectively compare individualized dietary counseling with or without oral nutritional supplements (ONSs) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients undergoing concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) in a Phase II, randomized trial. Materials and Methods Between June 2014 and August 2016, Stage II-IVb NPC patients were randomly enrolled. The primary endpoint was change in body weight between during CCRT, and the secondary endpoints were change in body mass index (BMI) and fat-free mass index (FFMI). Results Fifty-two patients were randomized; 19 patients in the control group and 23 in the ONS group were eligible for analysis. Weight, BMI, and body composition parameters significantly decreased from baseline to week 6. FFMI was significantly better in patients with ONS intake >2/3 planed than the control group (P = 0.028). Weight and BMI maintenance was slightly better in patients with total intake >2/3 planed (P = 0.170 and P= 0.229, respectively). The mean Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment score was also better in the ONS group at the end of CCRT (P = 0.053). Conclusions ONSs with individualized dietary counseling may be beneficial in patients with enough intake, and further prospective studies with large groups of patients are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjin Dou
- Radiotherapy Division, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Huiping Ding
- Department of Nutrition, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Jiang
- Radiotherapy Division, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Rongrong Li
- Radiotherapy Division, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Qian
- Department of Nutrition, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Sicheng Wu
- Biostatistics Office of Clinical Research Center, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiqun Ling
- Department of Nutrition, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Guopei Zhu
- Radiotherapy Division, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
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15
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Merchant RA, Seetharaman S, Au L, Wong MWK, Wong BLL, Tan LF, Chen MZ, Ng SE, Soong JTY, Hui RJY, Kwek SC, Morley JE. Relationship of Fat Mass Index and Fat Free Mass Index With Body Mass Index and Association With Function, Cognition and Sarcopenia in Pre-Frail Older Adults. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:765415. [PMID: 35002957 PMCID: PMC8741276 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.765415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Body mass index (BMI) is an inadequate marker of obesity, and cannot distinguish between fat mass, fat free mass and distribution of adipose tissue. The purpose of this study was twofold. First, to assess cross-sectional relationship of BMI with fat mass index (FMI), fat free mass index (FFMI) and ratio of fat mass to fat free mass (FM/FFM). Second, to study the association of FMI, FFMI and FM/FFM with physical function including sarcopenia, and cognition in pre-frail older adults. METHODS Cross-sectional study of 191 pre-frail participants ≥ 65 years, 57.1% females. Data was collected on demographics, cognition [Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)], function, frailty, calf circumference, handgrip strength (HGS), short physical performance battery (SPPB) and gait speed. Body composition was measured using InBody S10. FMI, FFMI and FM/FFM were classified into tertiles (T1, T2, T3) with T1 classified as lowest and T3 highest tertile respectively and stratified by BMI. RESULTS Higher FFMI and lower FM/FFM in the high BMI group were associated with better functional outcomes. Prevalence of low muscle mass was higher in the normal BMI group. FMI and FM/FFM were significantly higher in females and FFMI in males with significant gender differences except for FFMI in ≥ 80 years old. Small calf circumference was significantly less prevalent in the highest tertile of FMI, FM/FMI and FFMI. Prevalence of sarcopenic obesity and low physical function (HGS, gait speed and SPPB scores) were significantly higher in the highest FMI and FM/FFM tertile. Highest FFMI tertile group had higher physical function, higher MoCA scores, lower prevalence of sarcopenic obesity and sarcopenia, After adjustment, highest tertile of FFMI was associated with lower odds of sarcopenia especially in the high BMI group. Highest tertile of FM/FFM was associated with higher odds of sarcopenia. Higher BMI was associated with lower odds of sarcopenia. CONCLUSION FFMI and FM/FFM may be a better predictor of functional outcomes in pre-frail older adults than BMI. Cut-off values for healthy BMI values and role of calf circumference as a screening tool for sarcopenia need to be validated in larger population. Health promotion intervention should focus on FFMI increment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reshma Aziz Merchant
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- *Correspondence: Reshma Aziz Merchant, orcid.org/0000-0002-9032-018
| | - Santhosh Seetharaman
- Healthy Ageing Programme, Alexandra Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lydia Au
- Department of Geriatrics Medicine, Ng Teng Fong General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Michael Wai Kit Wong
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Beatrix Ling Ling Wong
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Li Feng Tan
- Healthy Ageing Programme, Alexandra Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Matthew Zhixuan Chen
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shu Ee Ng
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - John Tshon Yit Soong
- Division of Advanced Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Richard Jor Yeong Hui
- National University Polyclinics, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sing Cheer Kwek
- National University Polyclinics, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - John E. Morley
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
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16
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Tuan SH, Chen GB, Chen CH, Chen YJ, Liou IH, Su YT, Lin KL. Comparison of Peak Oxygen Consumption During Exercise Testing Between Sexes Among Children and Adolescents in Taiwan. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:657551. [PMID: 34123966 PMCID: PMC8192851 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.657551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Studies among Western children have observed that the peak oxygen consumption (peak V ˙ O2) of boys is higher than that of girls, and this difference increases as children progress through adolescence. However, the maturation process and social expectation toward Eastern boys and girls are much different from their Western counterparts. This study aimed to provide baseline information on cardiopulmonary fitness (CRF) of Taiwanese children and adolescents in relation to age and sex. We also evaluated the correlation between body mass and CRF and compared the CRF between non-obese and overweight/obese children. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of children and adolescents aged 4-18 years in Taiwan. Participants were classified into four groups based on age (group 1, aged 4-6; group 2, aged 7-9; group 3, aged 10-13; and group 4, aged 14-18 years). All participants completed symptom-limited exercise test by treadmill and anthropometric measurements through bioelectrical impedance method. Results: In total, 897 (448 men, 449 women) participants were analyzed. Boys had higher peak V ˙ O2 (all p < 0.01) and peak metabolic equivalent (MET, all p < 0.05) than girls in all the four groups. Age significantly (P < 0.001) correlated with peak V ˙ O2 in all participants, boys, and girls, with coefficients of determination (R 2) of 0.9349, 0.9433, and 0.9085, respectively. The peak V ˙ O2 (all p < 0.001) of all the groups and peak MET (all p < 0.05) of group 2-4 associated with BMI and FMI modestly to moderately. Non-obese children had higher peak MET in group 1 (p = 0.049) and group 2-4 (all p < 0.001) than overweight/obese children significantly. Conclusions: The difference in peak V ˙ O2 and anthropometry-body composition between sexes was observed earlier in children in Taiwan than those in Western countries. Non-obese children had better CRF than overweight/obese children and the difference presented since preschool age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Hui Tuan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Cishan Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Physical Therapy, Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Bo Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsin Chen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jen Chen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hopsital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - I-Hsiu Liou
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Tung Su
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ko-Long Lin
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Physical Therapy, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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17
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Shypailo RJ, Wong WW. Fat and fat-free mass index references in children and young adults: assessments along racial and ethnic lines. Am J Clin Nutr 2020; 112:566-575. [PMID: 32469402 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqaa128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fat-free mass index (FFMI) and fat mass index (FMI) are superior to BMI and fat percentage in evaluating nutritional status. However, existing references fail to account for racial/ethnic differences in body composition among children. OBJECTIVES Our goal was to produce age-based normative references for FFMI and FMI in children for specific racial/ethnic groups. METHODS Body composition, weight, and height were measured in 1122 normal healthy children aged 2-21 y. Bone mineral content measured by DXA, total body water by deuterium dilution, and total body potassium by whole-body γ counting were combined to calculate fat-free mass (FFM) and fat mass (FM) using equations based on the Reference Child and Adolescent models. FFMI and FMI were calculated by dividing FFM and FM by height squared, respectively. After outlier removal, the LMS (Lambda-Mu-Sigma) function within R's GAMLSS package was used to produce age-based FFMI and FMI growth curves for black (B), white (W), and Hispanic (H) children for each sex. Combined models were produced in cases where outcomes did not differ by race/ethnicity. Resulting models were compared with previously published FFMI and FMI models. RESULTS FFMI and FMI models based on 1079 children, aged 2-21 y, were created for both sexes. FFMI models for B children showed higher values throughout. W and H children were combined to produce FFMI models for each sex. H boys were modeled individually for FMI, whereas W and B boys were combined. FMI models for girls were created for each race/ethnicity. Models agreed well with those based on children from the United Kingdom of comparable race/ethnicity. CONCLUSIONS Race/ethnicity-specific references for FFMI and FMI will increase the accuracy of health and nutrition status assessment in children over race/ethnicity-generic references. The models allow the calculation of SD scores to assess health and nutrition status in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman J Shypailo
- USDA/Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - William W Wong
- USDA/Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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18
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Sung WJ, Kim WJ, Hwang Y, Kim JS, Lim SH, Hong BY. Body composition of school-aged children with disabilities. Pediatr Int 2020; 62:962-969. [PMID: 32278328 DOI: 10.1111/ped.14248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with disabilities are more likely to have problems related to growth and development than typically developing children. This study aimed to compare the growth and body composition indices of children with disabilities with those of typically developing children. METHODS Students from two elementary schools and one special school were recruited. Height, bodyweight, fat mass, fat-free mass, skeletal muscle mass, and percentage body fat (PBF) were measured. Raw data and proportions of classifications (under, within, and over range) according to the reference value were analyzed. RESULTS In total, 355 typically developing children, and 73 children with disabilities participated. Fat-free mass was significantly lower in students with disabilities than in typically developing students (32.14 ± 5.82 versus 28.71 ± 5.92, P < 0.05). Compared with typically developing students, students with disabilities showed tendencies of lower ranges of body mass index (BMI) and fat mass index (FMI). The proportion of under, within, or over ranges of FFMI (fat-free mass index) was significantly different between the two groups. Among the factors, age, gender, and disability, disability significantly influenced FFMI in school-aged children. The proportion of three ranges of BMI, PBF, FMI were significantly different among the age groups in students with disabilities (P = 0.006, P = 0.0001, and P = 0.001, respectively). Younger children had significantly greater proportions of under range in BMI, PBF, and FMI. CONCLUSIONS Disability significantly affects FFMI, which represents muscle mass. Therefore, it is crucial to make efforts to increase physical activity and to improve nutrition in rehabilitative intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Jin Sung
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woo Jin Kim
- College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youngdeok Hwang
- Paul H. Chook Department of Information Systems and Statistics, Baruch College, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joon Sung Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong Hoon Lim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bo Young Hong
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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19
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Walowski CO, Braun W, Maisch MJ, Jensen B, Peine S, Norman K, Müller MJ, Bosy-Westphal A. Reference Values for Skeletal Muscle Mass - Current Concepts and Methodological Considerations. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12030755. [PMID: 32178373 PMCID: PMC7146130 DOI: 10.3390/nu12030755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Assessment of a low skeletal muscle mass (SM) is important for diagnosis of ageing and disease-associated sarcopenia and is hindered by heterogeneous methods and terminologies that lead to differences in diagnostic criteria among studies and even among consensus definitions. The aim of this review was to analyze and summarize previously published cut-offs for SM applied in clinical and research settings and to facilitate comparison of results between studies. Multiple published reference values for discrepant parameters of SM were identified from 64 studies and the underlying methodological assumptions and limitations are compared including different concepts for normalization of SM for body size and fat mass (FM). Single computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging images and appendicular lean soft tissue by dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) or bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) are taken as a valid substitute of total SM because they show a high correlation with results from whole body imaging in cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. However, the random error of these methods limits the applicability of these substitutes in the assessment of individual cases and together with the systematic error limits the accurate detection of changes in SM. Adverse effects of obesity on muscle quality and function may lead to an underestimation of sarcopenia in obesity and may justify normalization of SM for FM. In conclusion, results for SM can only be compared with reference values using the same method, BIA- or DXA-device and an appropriate reference population. Limitations of proxies for total SM as well as normalization of SM for FM are important content-related issues that need to be considered in longitudinal studies, populations with obesity or older subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina O. Walowski
- Institute for Human Nutrition and Food Science, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (C.O.W.); (W.B.); (M.J.M.)
| | - Wiebke Braun
- Institute for Human Nutrition and Food Science, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (C.O.W.); (W.B.); (M.J.M.)
| | - Michael J. Maisch
- seca gmbh & co. kg., Hammer Steindamm 3-25, 22089 Hamburg, Germany; (M.J.M.); (B.J.)
| | - Björn Jensen
- seca gmbh & co. kg., Hammer Steindamm 3-25, 22089 Hamburg, Germany; (M.J.M.); (B.J.)
| | - Sven Peine
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Kristina Norman
- Department of Nutrition and Gerontology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558 Berlin, Germany;
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, 13347 Berlin, Germany
| | - Manfred J. Müller
- Institute for Human Nutrition and Food Science, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (C.O.W.); (W.B.); (M.J.M.)
| | - Anja Bosy-Westphal
- Institute for Human Nutrition and Food Science, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (C.O.W.); (W.B.); (M.J.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-(0)431-880-5674
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20
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Buckley CM, Austin S, Corfe BM, Green MA, Johnstone AM, Stevenson EJ, Williams EA, Brunstrom JM. Protein Valuation in Food Choice Is Positively Associated with Lean Mass in Older Adults. J Nutr 2019; 149:2056-2064. [PMID: 31198945 PMCID: PMC6825819 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxz124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Calorie for calorie, protein is more satiating than carbohydrate or fat. However, it remains unclear whether humans perceive calories derived from these macronutrients equally and whether lean mass is associated with a tendency to "value" protein when dietary decisions are made. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to determine the test-retest reliability of a novel method for quantifying macronutrient valuations in human volunteers and to determine whether "protein valuation" is associated with a higher fat-free mass index (FFMI) in older adults. METHODS A 2-alternative, forced-choice task in which 25 foods were compared in 300 trials was undertaken in 2 studies. In study 1, participants (age range 19-71 y, n = 92) attended 2 test sessions, spaced 1 wk apart. In study 2, older adults (age range 40-85 y; n = 91) completed the food-choice task and assessed the test foods for liking, expected satiety, and perceived healthiness. Body composition and habitual protein intake were assessed in both studies. Data were analyzed through the use of individual binomial logistic regressions and multilevel binomial logistic regressions. RESULTS In study 1, measures of macronutrient valuation showed excellent test-retest reliability; responses in the forced-choice task were highly correlated (week 1 compared with week 2; protein, r = 0.83, P < 0.001; carbohydrate, r = 0.90, P < 0.001; fat, r = 0.90, P < 0.001). Calorie for calorie, protein and carbohydrate were stronger predictors of choice than fat (P < 0.001). In study 2, protein was a stronger predictor than both carbohydrate (P = 0.039) and fat (P = 0.003), and a positive interaction was observed between protein valuation and FFMI (OR = 1.64; 95% CI: 1.38, 1.95; P < 0.001). This was the case after controlling for age, gender, liking for foods, and habitual protein consumption. CONCLUSIONS Together, these findings demonstrate that adult humans value calories derived from protein, carbohydrate, and fat differently, and that the tendency to value protein is associated with greater lean mass in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte M Buckley
- Nutrition and Behaviour Unit, School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom,Address correspondence to CMB (e-mail: )
| | - Sophie Austin
- Nutrition and Behaviour Unit, School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Bernard M Corfe
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The Medical School, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Mark A Green
- Department of Geography and Planning, School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Alexandra M Johnstone
- Rowett Institute, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Emma J Stevenson
- Human Nutrition Research Centre, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth A Williams
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The Medical School, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Jeffrey M Brunstrom
- Nutrition and Behaviour Unit, School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom,National Institute for Health Research, Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
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21
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Croll PH, Voortman T, Vernooij MW, Baatenburg de Jong RJ, Lin FR, Rivadeneira F, Ikram MA, Goedegebure A. The association between obesity, diet quality and hearing loss in older adults. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:48-62. [PMID: 30609412 PMCID: PMC6339793 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the aging population, the prevalence of age-related hearing loss will increase substantially. Prevention requires more knowledge on modifiable risk factors. Obesity and diet quality have been suggested to play a role in the etiology of age-related hearing loss. We aimed to investigate independent associations of body composition and diet quality with age-related hearing loss. METHODS We performed cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses (follow-up: 4.4 years) in the population-based Rotterdam Study. At baseline (2006-2014), 2,906 participants underwent assessment of body composition, diet, and hearing. Of these 2,906 participants, 636 had hearing assessment at follow-up (2014-2016). Association of body composition and of diet quality with hearing loss were examined using multivariable linear regression models. RESULTS Cross-sectionally, higher body mass index and fat mass index were associated with increased hearing thresholds. These associations did not remain statistically significant at follow-up. We found no associations between overall diet quality and hearing thresholds. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that a higher body mass index, and in particular a higher fat mass index, is related to age-related hearing loss. However, whether maintaining a healthy body composition may actually reduce the effects of age-related hearing loss in the aging population requires further longitudinal population-based research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline H. Croll
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Trudy Voortman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Meike W. Vernooij
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Robert J. Baatenburg de Jong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Frank R. Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery and Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine and Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Fernando Rivadeneira
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M. Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - André Goedegebure
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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22
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Westerterp KR. Changes in physical activity over the lifespan: impact on body composition and sarcopenic obesity. Obes Rev 2018; 19 Suppl 1:8-13. [PMID: 30511504 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Physical activity and body composition show a typical pattern over the lifecycle. Fat-free mass and physical performance generally peak in early adulthood. Here, evidence for a relation between physical activity changes over the life span and the development of sarcopenic obesity is presented. Activity-induced energy expenditure increases with body size and physical activity during growth. The physical activity level, calculated by expressing total energy expenditure as a multiple of resting energy expenditure, gradually increases from early age to adulthood to decrease again in old age. Habitual physical activity has a significant effect on growth of fat-free mass during adolescence and thus on peak fat-free mass and physical performance in early adulthood. Older subjects have a lower fat-free mass and lower physical activity levels but there is no association, suggesting physical activity does not protect against loss of lean body mass at higher age. Prevention of sarcopenic obesity starts with a physically active lifestyle to develop a healthy peak fat-free mass and subsequent prevention of excess fat gain. The change from a physically active to a more sedentary routine in later life requires restriction of energy intake to maintain energy balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- K R Westerterp
- NUTRIM, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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23
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Tuan SH, Su HT, Chen YJ, Chen CH, Tsai WJ, Chen GB, Lin KL. Ability of preschoolers to achieve maximal exercise and its correlation with oxygen uptake efficiency slope ∼ an observational study by direct cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e13296. [PMID: 30431617 PMCID: PMC6257576 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000013296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The oxygen uptake efficiency slope (OUES) is a well-established substitute for maximum oxygen uptake ((Equation is included in full-text article.)O2 max) in submaximal exercise effort among adolescents and adults. Few studies have analyzed the exercise capacity (EC) and OUES of children aged 4 to 6 (preschoolers). Body fat has been proved to negatively affect EC among schoolchildren. The purposes of this study were to assess the capacity of preschoolers in achieving (Equation is included in full-text article.)O2 max and evaluate the correlation of peak metabolic equivalent (peak MET) and peak oxygen consumption (peak O2) with OUES. We also evaluated if body fat affected EC among preschoolers.Forty-three preschoolers under the ramped Bruce protocol of treadmill exercise testing had been retrospectively studied. The criteria for achieving (Equation is included in full-text article.)O2 max included respiratory exchange ratio (RER) >1.1, heart rate (HR) >85% of age-predicted maximum, and HR >200 bpm. OUES was calculated by the 75% (OUES-75) and the entire (OUES-100) duration of the testing and normalized by body surface area. Body fat was measured using vector bioelectrical impedance analysis. The fat mass (FM) index and fat-free mass index (FFMI) were defined as FM or FFM (kg) divided by height squared (m), respectively.The mean age of the participants was 5.70 ± 0.56. Seventy-nine percent of preschoolers met at least 1 criterion, 36.84% met 2 criteria, and none met all 3 criteria for (Equation is included in full-text article.)O2. OUES-75 was moderately positively correlated with peak MET (P = .034; Spearman's rho = 0.324) and peak O2 (P <.001; Spearman's rho = 0.667). OUES-100 was moderately to highly positively correlated with peak MET (P <.001; Spearman's rho = 0.592) and peak O2 (P <.001; Spearman's rho = 0.825). There were moderate to high positive correlations between FFMI and peak O2 (P <.001; Spearman's rho = 0.668), OUES-75 (P <.001; Spearman's rho = 0.642), and OUES-100 (P < .001; Spearman's rho = 0.670).None of the preschoolers reached all 3 criteria for (Equation is included in full-text article.)O2max. OUES-75 and OUES-100 might be indicators of peak O2 at submaximal effort. Preschoolers with higher FFMI had better EC during treadmill exercise testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Hui Tuan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Cishan Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare
| | - Hung-Tzu Su
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Cishan Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare
| | - Yi-Jen Chen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University
| | - Chia-Hsin Chen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University
| | - Wan-Jung Tsai
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital
| | - Guan-Bo Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital
| | - Ko-Long Lin
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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24
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Ding H, Dou S, Ling Y, Zhu G, Wang Q, Wu Y, Qian Y. Longitudinal Body Composition Changes and the Importance of Fat-Free Mass Index in Locally Advanced Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients Undergoing Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy. Integr Cancer Ther 2018; 17:1125-1131. [PMID: 30345816 PMCID: PMC6247565 DOI: 10.1177/1534735418807969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: This was a prospective investigation of longitudinal body
composition changes in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma undergoing
concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) and a comparison of the Patient-Generated
Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) and the ESPEN (European Society for
Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism) diagnostic criteria (EDC) as evaluation
methods. Methods: All patients received standard CCRT according to
2 centers’ current practices. Body composition parameters were determined by
bioelectrical impedance analysis and obtained weekly from baseline until the end
of treatment. The nutritional status of all patients was evaluated by the PG-SGA
and EDC. Results: Forty-eight patients were eligible for analysis.
Most body composition parameters, including body cell mass, fat mass, fat-free
mass, and skeletal mass, as well as body weight, body mass index, and PG-SGA
score, significantly decreased during CCRT (P = .00). The
PG-SGA was shown to have better sensitivity than the EDC; however, the 2
different evaluation methods were found to have a perfect concordance at Week 4
and Week 6 (κ = 0.91 and 0.96, P = .00 and .00, respectively).
Pearson correlation analyses showed that fat-free mass index and body weight
were positively correlated with global quality of life score (r
= 0.81, P = .00; r = 0.78, P
= .00, respectively). Conclusions: This study has shown that body
composition parameters, especially fat-free mass index, are valuable for
diagnosing malnutrition in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma receiving
CCRT. We recommend that these bioelectrical impedance analysis techniques should
be increasingly implemented in nutritional assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiping Ding
- 1 Department of Nutrition, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, People's Republic of China.,2 Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengjin Dou
- 3 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiqun Ling
- 1 Department of Nutrition, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, People's Republic of China.,2 Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Guopei Zhu
- 3 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiong Wang
- 1 Department of Nutrition, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, People's Republic of China.,2 Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wu
- 1 Department of Nutrition, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, People's Republic of China.,2 Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Qian
- 1 Department of Nutrition, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, People's Republic of China.,2 Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Limpawattana P, Inthasuwan P, Putraveephong S, Boonsawat W, Theerakulpisut D, Sawanyawisuth K. Sarcopenia in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A study of prevalence and associated factors in the Southeast Asian population. Chron Respir Dis 2017; 15:250-257. [PMID: 29186972 PMCID: PMC6100162 DOI: 10.1177/1479972317743759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been described as a systemic disease. Sarcopenia is one of the systemic effects that is related to several adverse outcomes. The objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence of sarcopenia and to determine the factors associated with sarcopenia in COPD patients in Southeast Asia. This was a cross-sectional study of COPD patients who attended a COPD clinic from May 2015 to December 2016. Baseline characteristics were collected and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to measure skeletal muscle mass. Handgrip strength was used to assess muscle strength, and as a measurement of physical performance, the 6-min walk distance was used. One hundred and twenty-one participants were recruited. Most of them were men (92.6%). Prevalence of sarcopenia was 24% (29 cases). Independent factors associated with sarcopenia were age ≥ 75 years (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 13.3, severity of COPD (AOR 19.2 and 13.4 for moderate and severe COPD), Modified Medical Research Council (MMRC) scale (AOD 1.9), and obesity (AOR 0.04). Sarcopenia affects about one-quarter of COPD patients. Age, severity of COPD, MMRC scale, and BMI status were the factors associated with sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panita Limpawattana
- 1 Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Pratchaya Inthasuwan
- 2 Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Siraphong Putraveephong
- 2 Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Watchara Boonsawat
- 3 Division of Respiratory System, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Daris Theerakulpisut
- 4 Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Kittisak Sawanyawisuth
- 5 Division of Ambulatory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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26
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Schneider C, Rollitz L, Voracek M, Hennig-Fast K. Biological, Psychological, and Sociocultural Factors Contributing to the Drive for Muscularity in Weight-Training Men. Front Psychol 2016; 7:1992. [PMID: 28066308 PMCID: PMC5174100 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The drive for muscularity and associated behaviors (e.g., exercising and dieting) are of growing importance for men in Western societies. In its extreme form, it can lead to body image concerns and harmful behaviors like over-exercising and the misuse of performance-enhancing substances. Therefore, investigating factors associated with the drive for muscularity, especially in vulnerable populations like bodybuilders and weight trainers can help identify potential risk and protective factors for body image problems. Using a biopsychosocial framework, the aim of the current study was to explore different factors associated with drive for muscularity in weight-training men. To this purpose, German-speaking male weight trainers (N = 248) completed an online survey to determine the extent to which biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors contribute to drive for muscularity and its related attitudes and behaviors. Using multiple regression models, findings showed that media ideal body internalization was the strongest positive predictor for drive for muscularity, while age (M = 25.9, SD = 7.4) held the strongest negative association with drive for muscularity. Dissatisfaction with muscularity, but not with body fat, was related to drive for muscularity. The fat-free mass index, a quantification of the actual degree of muscularity of a person, significantly predicted drive for muscularity-related behavior but not attitudes. Body-related aspects of self-esteem, but not global self-esteem, were significant negative predictors of drive for muscularity. Since internalization of media body ideals presented the highest predictive value for drive for muscularity, these findings suggest that media body ideal internalizations may be a risk factor for body image concerns in men, leading, in its most extreme form to disordered eating or muscle dysmorphia. Future research should investigate the relations between drive for muscularity, age, body composition, internalization, dissatisfaction with muscularity and body-related self-esteem using longitudinal study designs. Limitations concern the cross-sectional design of the study, self-reported body composition measures and the homogeneity of the sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catharina Schneider
- Department of Applied Psychology: Health, Development, Enhancement, and Intervention, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna Vienna, Austria
| | - Laura Rollitz
- Department of Applied Psychology: Health, Development, Enhancement, and Intervention, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Voracek
- Department of Basic Psychological Research and Research Methods, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna Vienna, Austria
| | - Kristina Hennig-Fast
- Department of Applied Psychology: Health, Development, Enhancement, and Intervention, Faculty of Psychology, University of ViennaVienna, Austria; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Evangelisches Krankenhaus BielefeldBielefeld, Germany
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27
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Kuchnia AJ, Teigen LM, Cole AJ, Mulasi U, Gonzalez MC, Heymsfield SB, Vock DM, Earthman CP. Phase Angle and Impedance Ratio: Reference Cut-Points From the United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2004 From Bioimpedance Spectroscopy Data. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2016; 41:1310-1315. [PMID: 27670250 DOI: 10.1177/0148607116670378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Raw bioimpedance parameters (eg, 50-kHz phase angle [PA] and 200-kHz/5-kHz impedance ratio [IR]) have been investigated as predictors of nutrition status and/or clinical outcomes. However, their validity as prognostic measures depends on the availability of appropriate reference data. Using a large and ethnically diverse data set, we aimed to determine if ethnicity influences these measures and provide expanded bioimpedance reference data for the U.S. POPULATION METHODS The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) is an ongoing compilation of studies conducted by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention designed to monitor nutrition status of the U.S. POPULATION The NHANES data sets analyzed were from the years 1999-2000, 2001-2002, and 2003-2004. RESULTS Multivariate analysis showed that PA and IR differed by body mass index (BMI), age, sex, and ethnicity (n = 6237; R2 = 41.2%, P < .0001). Suggested reference cut-points for PA stratified by age decade, ethnicity, and sex are provided. CONCLUSION Ethnicity is an important variable that should be accounted for when determining population reference values for PA and IR. We have provided sex-, ethnicity-, and age decade-specific reference values from PA for use by future studies in U.S. POPULATIONS Interdevice differences are likely to be important contributors to variability across published population-specific reference data and, where possible, should be evaluated in future research. Ultimately, further validation with physiologically relevant reference measures (eg, dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry) is necessary to determine if PA/IR are appropriate bedside tools for the assessment of nutrition status in a clinical population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J Kuchnia
- 1 Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Saint Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - Levi M Teigen
- 1 Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Saint Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - Abigail J Cole
- 1 Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Saint Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - Urvashi Mulasi
- 1 Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Saint Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - M Cristina Gonzalez
- 2 Post-graduate Program on Health and Behavior, Catholic University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Steven B Heymsfield
- 3 Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - David M Vock
- 4 School of Public Health, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Carrie P Earthman
- 1 Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Saint Paul, Minnesota, USA
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28
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Al-Ani AN, Cederholm T, Sääf M, Neander G, Blomfeldt R, Ekström W, Hedström M. Low bone mineral density and fat-free mass in younger patients with a femoral neck fracture. Eur J Clin Invest 2015; 45:800-6. [PMID: 26036839 DOI: 10.1111/eci.12472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reduced bone mineral density (BMD) together with muscle wasting and dysfunction, that is sarcopenia, emerges as a risk factor for hip fracture. The aim of this study was to examine body composition and BMD and their relationship with trauma mechanisms in young and middle-aged patients with femoral neck fracture. MATERIALS AND METHODS Altogether, 185 patients with femoral neck fracture aged 20-69 were included. BMD, body composition and fat-free mass index (FFMI) were determined by dual-X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and trauma mechanisms were registered. RESULTS Ninety per cent of the whole study population had a femoral neck BMD below the mean for age. In the young patients (< 50 years), 27% had a Z-score of BMD ≤ -2 SD. More than half of the middle-aged patients (50-69 years) had osteopenia, that is T-score -1 to -2.5, and 35% had osteoporosis, that is T-score < -2.5, at the femoral neck. Patients with low-energy trauma, sport injury or high-energy trauma had a median standardised BMD of 0.702, 0.740 vs. 0.803 g/cm(2) (P = 0.03), and a median FFMI of 15.9, 17.7 vs. 17.5 kg/m(2) (P < 0.001), respectively. FFMI < 10th percentile of an age- and gender-matched reference population was observed in one-third. CONCLUSIONS A majority had low BMD at the femoral neck, and one-third had reduced FFMI (i.e. sarcopenia). Patients with fracture following low-energy trauma had significantly lower femoral neck BMD and FFMI than patients with other trauma mechanisms. DXA examination of both BMD and body composition could be of value especially in those with low-energy trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amer N Al-Ani
- Division of Orthopaedics, Department of Clinical Science Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tommy Cederholm
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Geriatric Medicine, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Maria Sääf
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Endocrine and Diabetes Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gustaf Neander
- Division of Orthopaedics, Department of Clinical Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Richard Blomfeldt
- Karolinska Instistutet, Department of Clinical Science and Education, Orthopaedic Unit, Söder hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Wilhelmina Ekström
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Section of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Margareta Hedström
- Division of Orthopaedics, Department of Clinical Science Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
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29
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Graf CE, Karsegard VL, Spoerri A, Makhlouf AM, Ho S, Herrmann FR, Genton L. Body composition and all-cause mortality in subjects older than 65 y. Am J Clin Nutr 2015; 101:760-7. [PMID: 25833973 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.114.102566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A low or high body mass index (BMI) has been associated with increased mortality risk in older subjects without taking fat mass index (FMI) and fat-free mass index (FFMI) into account. This information is essential because FMI is modulated through different healthcare strategies than is FFMI. OBJECTIVE We aimed to determine the relation between body composition and mortality in older subjects. DESIGN We included all adults ≥65 y old who were living in Switzerland and had a body-composition measurement by bioelectrical impedance analysis at the Geneva University Hospitals between 1990 and 2011. FMI and FFMI were divided into sex-specific quartiles. Quartile 1 (i.e., the reference category) corresponded to the lowest FMI or FFMI quartile. Mortality data were retrieved from the hospital database, the Geneva death register, and the Swiss National Cohort until December 2012. Comorbidities were assessed by using the Cumulative Illness Rating Scale. RESULTS Of 3181 subjects included, 766 women and 1007 men died at a mean age of 82.8 and 78.5 y, respectively. Sex-specific Cox regression models, which were used to adjust for age, BMI, smoking, ambulatory or hospitalized state, and calendar time, showed that body composition did not predict mortality in women irrespective of whether comorbidities were taken into account. In men, risk of mortality was lower with FFMI in quartiles 3 and 4 [HR: 0.78 (95% CI: 0.62, 0.98) and 0.64 (95% CI: 0.49, 0.85), respectively] but was not affected by FMI. When comorbidities were adjusted for, FFMI in quartile 4 (>19.5 kg/m(2)) still predicted a lower risk of mortality (HR: 0.72; 95% CI: 0.54, 0.96). CONCLUSIONS Low FFMI is a stronger predictor of mortality than is BMI in older men but not older women. FMI had no impact on mortality. These results suggest potential benefits of preventive interventions with the aim of maintaining muscle mass in older men. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01472679.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe E Graf
- From the Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Rehabilitation and Geriatrics, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (CEG and FRH); Clinical Nutrition, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland (VLK, A-MM, SH, and LG); and the Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (AS)
| | - Véronique L Karsegard
- From the Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Rehabilitation and Geriatrics, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (CEG and FRH); Clinical Nutrition, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland (VLK, A-MM, SH, and LG); and the Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (AS)
| | - Adrian Spoerri
- From the Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Rehabilitation and Geriatrics, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (CEG and FRH); Clinical Nutrition, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland (VLK, A-MM, SH, and LG); and the Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (AS)
| | - Anne-Marie Makhlouf
- From the Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Rehabilitation and Geriatrics, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (CEG and FRH); Clinical Nutrition, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland (VLK, A-MM, SH, and LG); and the Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (AS)
| | - Sylvain Ho
- From the Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Rehabilitation and Geriatrics, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (CEG and FRH); Clinical Nutrition, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland (VLK, A-MM, SH, and LG); and the Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (AS)
| | - François R Herrmann
- From the Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Rehabilitation and Geriatrics, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (CEG and FRH); Clinical Nutrition, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland (VLK, A-MM, SH, and LG); and the Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (AS)
| | - Laurence Genton
- From the Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Rehabilitation and Geriatrics, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (CEG and FRH); Clinical Nutrition, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland (VLK, A-MM, SH, and LG); and the Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (AS)
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30
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Abstract
PURPOSE An increase in the prevalence of obesity has been observed in children and adolescents. As remarkable changes in body composition occur with growth during the adolescent period, it is important that changes in body composition be monitored. The purpose of this study was to propose reference percentile values for body composition indices including body mass index (BMI) in children and adolescents in Korea. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was performed using data from the Fourth and Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. Body composition data were obtained using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The percentile curves of body composition indices were constructed by the LMS method. RESULTS A total of 2123 children and adolescents between the ages of 10 and 19 years were included in this study. We obtained the percentile curves for BMI and body composition indices. CONCLUSION The reference values for body composition from this study could help with assessing body composition in Korean adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Won Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.; Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ha Yeong Yoo
- Department of Pediatrics, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chul Hyun Kim
- Department of Sports Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Korea
| | - Hyeoijin Kim
- Department of Physical Education, Korea National University of Education, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung Ok Kwak
- Department of Pediatrics, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyo Sun Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.; Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sochung Chung
- Department of Pediatrics, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.; Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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31
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Franssen FME, Rutten EPA, Groenen MTJ, Vanfleteren LE, Wouters EFM, Spruit MA. New reference values for body composition by bioelectrical impedance analysis in the general population: results from the UK Biobank. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2014; 15:448.e1-6. [PMID: 24755478 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2014.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2013] [Revised: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low fat-free mass (FFM) is a risk factor for morbidity and mortality in elderly and patient populations. Therefore, measurement of FFM is important in nutritional assessment. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a convenient method to assess FFM and FFM index (FFMI; FFM/height(2)). Although reference values have been established for individuals with normal body weight, no specific cutoff values are available for overweight and obese populations. Also, limited studies accounted for the age-related decline in FFM. OBJECTIVE To determine BMI- and age-specific reference values for abnormal low FFM(I) in white-ethnic men and women free of self-reported disease from the general population. DESIGN The UK Biobank is a prospective epidemiological study of the general population from the United Kingdom. Individuals in the age category 45 to 69 years were analyzed. In addition to body weight, FFM and FFMI were measured using a Tanita BC-418MA. Also, self-reported chronic conditions and ethnic background were registered, and lung function was assessed using spirometry. RESULTS After exclusion of all individuals with missing data, nonwhite ethnicity, self-reported disease, body mass index (BMI) less than 14 or 36 kg/m(2) or higher, and/or an obstructive lung function, reference values for FFM and FFMI were derived from 186,975 individuals (45.9% men; age: 56.9 ± 6.8 years; BMI: 26.5 ± 3.6 kg/m(2); FFMI 18.3 ± 2.4 kg/m(2)). FFM and FFMI were significantly associated with BMI and decreased with age. Percentiles 5, 10, 25, 50, 75, 90, and 95 were calculated for FFM, FFMI, and fat mass (index), after stratification for gender, age, and BMI. CONCLUSIONS Using the UK Biobank dataset, new reference values for body composition assessed with BIA were determined in white-ethnic men and women aged 45 to 69 years. Because these reference values are BMI specific, they are of broad interest for overweight and obese populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frits M E Franssen
- Department of Research and Education, CIRO+, Centre of Expertise for Chronic Organ Failure, Horn, The Netherlands; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC+), Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Erica P A Rutten
- Department of Research and Education, CIRO+, Centre of Expertise for Chronic Organ Failure, Horn, The Netherlands
| | - Miriam T J Groenen
- Department of Research and Education, CIRO+, Centre of Expertise for Chronic Organ Failure, Horn, The Netherlands
| | - Lowie E Vanfleteren
- Department of Research and Education, CIRO+, Centre of Expertise for Chronic Organ Failure, Horn, The Netherlands; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC+), Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Emiel F M Wouters
- Department of Research and Education, CIRO+, Centre of Expertise for Chronic Organ Failure, Horn, The Netherlands; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC+), Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn A Spruit
- Department of Research and Education, CIRO+, Centre of Expertise for Chronic Organ Failure, Horn, The Netherlands; REVAL-Rehabilitation Research Center, BIOMED-Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
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32
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Xiong KY, He H, Zhang YM, Ni GX. Analyses of body composition charts among younger and older Chinese children and adolescents aged 5 to 18 years. BMC Public Health 2012; 12:835. [PMID: 23025289 PMCID: PMC3548758 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-12-835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2012] [Accepted: 09/26/2012] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood obesity has become a major public health problem in China. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of age and sex on the relationship between fat-free mass (FFM) and fat mass (FM), fat-free mass index (FFMI) and fat mass index (FMI) in Chinese children using body composition chart analysis, and to compare the changing pattern with Caucasian and Japanese counterparts. METHODS A total of 1458 children (790 boys and 668 girls) between 5 and 18 years of age were studied to determine a body composition by bioelectrical impedance analysis. The relationship of FFM and FM, FFMI and FMI were delineated by body composition charts. RESULTS Different changing patterns in body composition were observed during 5-11y (younger age group), and 12-18y (older age group), with non-significant sex difference with FM and FMI for the younger age group and significant sex and age differences for the older age group. For the younger age group, simultaneous increase of FFM and FM was found in both genders. However, for the older age group, the increase in weight and BMI with age is largely due to the increment of FFM and FFMI in boys, and of FM and FMI in girls. In addition, different changing patterns in body composition exist between Chinese children and their Caucasian and Japanese counterparts, largely due to the higher fat mass component in Chinese subjects. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that age- and gender-related changing patterns of body composition in Chinese children may differ at different growth stage, and differ with those in Caucasian and Japanese children at the same age period. Such changing patterns should be considered when designing the intervention proposal for childhood obesity in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Yu Xiong
- Teaching experiment center, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Hui He
- Teaching experiment center, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi-Ming Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, College of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Guo-Xin Ni
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Nanfang hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
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