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Yue Y, Xu L, Li G, Gao X, Ma H. Characterization of Dissolved Organic Matter Released from Aged Biochar: A Comparative Study of Two Feedstocks and Multiple Aging Approaches. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28114558. [PMID: 37299032 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28114558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) plays important roles in environmental ecosystems. While many studies have explored the characteristics of aged biochar, limited information is available about the properties of DOM derived from aged biochar. In this study, biochar obtained from maize stalk and soybean straw were aged using farmland or vegetable-soil solution, as well as soil solution containing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Chemical composition of the extracted DOM from the aged biochar was analyzed via excitation-emission matrix coupled with fluorescence regional integration (FRI) and parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC). Obtained results showed that biochar aged with H2O2-enriched soil solution had higher water-soluble organic carbon, ranging from 147.26-734.13% higher than the controls. FRI analysis revealed fulvic and humic-like organics as the key components, with a considerable increase of 57.48-235.96% in the humic-like component, especially in soybean-straw-aged biochar. PARAFAC identified four humic-like substance components. Concurrently, the aromaticity and humification of the aged-biochar-derived DOM increased, while the molecular weight decreased. These findings suggest that DOM derived from aged biochar, with a high content of humic-like organics, might impact the mobility and toxicity of pollutants in soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yue
- Engineering & Technology Center of Electrochemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Leqi Xu
- Yantai Research Institute, China Agricultural University, Yantai 264670, China
- College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Guitong Li
- Yantai Research Institute, China Agricultural University, Yantai 264670, China
- College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Engineering & Technology Center of Electrochemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Hongfang Ma
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
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Zhang ZW, Zhou SL, Chen ZY, Zhang TN, Dong WJ, Zhen YH, Zhang XT, Yao B, Cui JS. [Spatial Distribution Characteristics of the Spectrum, Source Analysis, and Nitrogen Response of Dissolved Organic Matter in Summer Rainfall in the Hebei Province]. Huan Jing Ke Xue 2021; 42:5250-5263. [PMID: 34708964 DOI: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202102108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Dissolved organic matter(DOM) is an important component of the organic matter in the environment. This study explored the characteristics of DOM. The components and spectral characteristics of rainwater DOM were measured using Ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum(UV-vis) and three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum in the Hebei province. The results showed significant differences for DOM molecular weight in the northern, central, and southern region; the DOM of the northern region exhibited the lowest molecular weight. Two humic-like(C1 and C4), one protein-like(C2) and one fulvic-like(C3) components were identified by parallel factor(PARAFAC) analysis. Component C2 had a significant positive correlation with components C3 and C4(P<0.001), which may have similar sources. The C2(protein-like substances) accounted for the major proportion of DOM with the average abundance 40.59%. The DOM components based on PARAFAC exhibited significantly difference between city and country regions without spatial difference, which was consistent with the result of fluorescence regional integration(FRI). The protein-like substances based on FRI were the main components, which accounted for 61.59%-89.01%. Redundancy analysis(RDA) showed that total nitrogen, nitrate, and ammonia were the main environmental factors determining the distribution of DOM. Spectral indices presented a significant difference between city and country regions. High fluorescence(FI) and biological(BIX) and low humification(HIX) values showed that summer rain exhibited the strong autochthonous and low humification characteristics, and country region have stronger autochthonous characteristics than city region. The regression analysis demonstrates that the prediction accuracy of rainwater quality parameters in city region is high. From all the results, rainwater DOM, showing strong autogenous characteristics, exhibited significant differences between city and country regions without spatial difference in Hebei. Meanwhile, it can also provide technical support for rainwater nitrogen concentration prediction based on DOM components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Wei Zhang
- Pollution Prevention Biotechnology Laboratory of Hebei Province, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Shi-Lei Zhou
- Pollution Prevention Biotechnology Laboratory of Hebei Province, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Zhao-Ying Chen
- Pollution Prevention Biotechnology Laboratory of Hebei Province, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Tian-Na Zhang
- Pollution Prevention Biotechnology Laboratory of Hebei Province, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Wan-Jia Dong
- Pollution Prevention Biotechnology Laboratory of Hebei Province, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Yu-Han Zhen
- Pollution Prevention Biotechnology Laboratory of Hebei Province, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Xin-Tong Zhang
- Pollution Prevention Biotechnology Laboratory of Hebei Province, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Bo Yao
- Pollution Prevention Biotechnology Laboratory of Hebei Province, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Jian-Sheng Cui
- Pollution Prevention Biotechnology Laboratory of Hebei Province, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
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Wang XY, Yang QP, Tian SJ, Song FH, Guo F, Huang NN, Tan WQ, Bai YC. Photochemical Reactivity of Humic Substances in an Aquatic System Revealed by Excitation-Emission Matrix Fluorescence. Front Chem 2021; 9:679286. [PMID: 34124005 PMCID: PMC8193985 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.679286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The photochemical reactivity of humic substances plays a critical role in the global carbon cycle, and influences the toxicity, mobility, and bioavailability of contaminants by altering their molecular structure and the mineralization of organic carbon to CO2. Here, we examined the simulated irradiation process of Chinese standard fulvic acid (FA) and humic acid (HA) by using excitation-emission matrix fluorescence combined with fluorescence regional integration (FRI), parallel factor (PARAFAC) analysis, and kinetic models. Humic-like and fulvic-like materials were the main materials (constituting more than 90%) of both FA and HA, according to the FRI analysis. Four components were identified by the PARAFAC analysis: fulvic-like components composed of both carboxylic-like and phenolic-like chromophores (C1), terrestrial humic-like components primarily composed of carboxylic-like chromophores (C2), microbial humic-like overwhelming composed of phenolic-like fluorophores (C3), and protein-like components (C4). After irradiation for 72 h, the maximum fluorescence intensity (F max) of C1 and C2 of FA was reduced to 36.01-58.34%, while the F max of C3 of both FA and HA also decreased to 0-9.63%. By contrast, for HA, the F max of its C1 and C2 increased to 236.18-294.77% when irradiated for 72 h due to greater aromaticity and photorefractive tendencies. The first-order kinetic model (R 2 = 0.908-0.990) fitted better than zero-order kinetic model (R 2 = 0-0.754) for the C1, C2, and C3, of both FA and HA, during their photochemical reactivity. The photodegradation rate constant (k 1) of C1 had values (0.105 for FA; 0.154 for HA) that surpassed those of C2 (0.059 for FA, 0.079 for HA) and C3 (0.079 for both FA and HA) based on the first-order kinetic model. The half-life times of C1, C2, and C3 ranged from 6.61-11.77 h to 4.50-8.81 h for FA and HA, respectively. Combining an excitation-emission matrix with FRI and PARAFAC analyses is a powerful approach for elucidating changes to humic substances during their irradiation, which is helpful for predicting the environmental toxicity of contaminants in natural ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yuan Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Qi-Peng Yang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Shi-Jie Tian
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Fan-Hao Song
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Nan-Nan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei-Qiang Tan
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Ying-Chen Bai
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China.,State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
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Ji M, Li S, Zhang J, Di H, Li F, Feng T. The Human Health Assessment to Phthalate Acid Esters (PAEs) and Potential Probability Prediction by Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter EEM-FRI Fluorescence in Erlong Lake. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2018; 15:ijerph15061109. [PMID: 29844302 PMCID: PMC6025415 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15061109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Phthalate acid esters (PAEs) are suspected to cause wide environmental pollution and have adverse effects on human health. Three priority control phthalates, namely dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), and dibutyl phthalate (DBP), were determined in 45 water samples from the largest drinking water source in Jilin Province. Chromophoric-dissolved organic matter (CDOM), which are composed of complex compounds and are a proxy for water quality, can be monitored using a fluorometer. This study attempted to understand the correlations of the CDOM fluorescence regional integration (FRI) components with PAEs and CDOM characteristics under seasonal and spatial variations in the Erlong Lake. The characteristics of the CDOM absorption parameters in different water samples showed a higher aromatic content and molecular weight in October because of increased terrestrial inputs. The Σ3PAEs concentrations ranged from 0.231 mg L−1 to 0.435 mg L−1 in water, and DEP contributed to more than 90% of the Σ3PAEs. The FRI method identified five fluorescence components: one tyrosine-like (R1), one tryptophan-like (R2), one fulvic-like (R3), one microbial protein-like (R4), and one humic-like (R5) component. However, significant relationships exist between DEP and R3 (R2 = 0.78, p < 0.001), R4 (R2 = 0.77, p < 0.001), and R5 (R2 = 0.58, p < 0.001). Quantifying the relationship between CDOM and PAEs was highly significant, because the results will simplify the componential analysis of pollutants from a spatiotemporal perspective as compared to traditional chemical measurements. The human health risk assessment results revealed no human health risk (HQ < 1) in the Erlong Lake basin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meichen Ji
- School of Environment, Institute of Natural Disaster Research, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
- Key Laboratory for Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130024, China.
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Sijia Li
- School of Environment, Institute of Natural Disaster Research, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
- Key Laboratory for Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130024, China.
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Jiquan Zhang
- School of Environment, Institute of Natural Disaster Research, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
- Key Laboratory for Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130024, China.
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Hui Di
- School of Environment, Institute of Natural Disaster Research, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
- Key Laboratory for Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130024, China.
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Fengxu Li
- School of Environment, Institute of Natural Disaster Research, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
- Key Laboratory for Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130024, China.
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Tianji Feng
- School of Environment, Institute of Natural Disaster Research, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
- Key Laboratory for Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130024, China.
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
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Li X, Xing M, Yang J, Zhao L, Dai X. Organic matter humification in vermifiltration process for domestic sewage sludge treatment by excitation-emission matrix fluorescence and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. J Hazard Mater 2013; 261:491-499. [PMID: 23981770 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.07.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2013] [Revised: 07/14/2013] [Accepted: 07/31/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Performance of a conventional biofilter (BF) and two vermifilters (VFs, different heights) containing earthworms was investigated for domestic sewage sludge (DWS) treatment. Humic-acid like (HAL) fraction isolated from the influent sludge (IS) and effluent sludge of BF (ESBF) and VFs (ESVFs) were determined the elemental and functional composition, and structural characteristics using various analytical approaches. Results showed that performance of DWS treatment in the VFs was preferable to that in the BF. With respect to IS-HAL and ESBF-HAL, ESVFs-HAL had low C, H and N contents and C/O ratio, and high O, carboxyl and phenolic OH group contents, and C/N, C/H and E4/E6 ratios, and large molecular weight. The excitation-emission (Ex/Em) matrix spectra revealed that an additional peak was found at Ex/Em wavelength pairs of 345/435 nm in ESVFs-HAL. Further, Fourier transform infrared spectra showed that vermifiltration led to the loss of aliphatic materials and carbohydrates, and the enrichment of carbonyl and phenolic OH groups in HAL fractions. Additionally, the increase in VF height seemed to accelerate humification degree of organic matter in the effluent sludge. In summary, vermifiltration is alternate technology for transformation of organic matter into humic substances, and thus improves quality of DWS as soil organic fertilizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, The National Engineering Research Center for Urban Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
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