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Blusztajn JK, Slack BE. Accelerated Breakdown of Phosphatidylcholine and Phosphatidylethanolamine Is a Predominant Brain Metabolic Defect in Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 93:1285-1289. [PMID: 37182883 PMCID: PMC10885637 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies have demonstrated defects in multiple metabolic pathways in Alzheimer's disease (AD), detected in autopsy brains and in the cerebrospinal fluid in vivo. However, until the advent of techniques capable of measuring thousands of metabolites in a single sample, it has not been possible to rank the relative magnitude of these abnormalities. A recent study provides evidence that the abnormal turnover of the brain's most abundant phospholipids: phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine, constitutes a major metabolic pathology in AD. We place this observation in a historical context and discuss the implications of a central role for phospholipid metabolism in AD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Krzysztof Blusztajn
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Barbara E Slack
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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Xie HK, Zhao GH, Wu ZX, Li DY, Zhao MT, Li A, Liu HL, Zhou DY, Zhu BW. Differences in oxidative susceptibilities between glycerophosphocholine and glycerophosphoethanolamine in dried scallop (Argopecten irradians) adductor muscle during storage: an oxidation kinetic assessment. J Sci Food Agric 2021; 101:1554-1561. [PMID: 32869299 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phospholipids, the main lipid component in marine shellfish, mainly comprise glycerophosphocholine (GPC) and glycerophosphoethanolamine (GPE). GPC and GPE in marine shellfish, especially scallop, carry n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), although different types of glycerophospholipids (GP) have different health benefits on human health. Moreover, different GP subclasses such as GPC and GPE have different oxidative susceptibilities in complex food systems. The present study compared the oxidative susceptibilities of GPC and GPE in dried scallop during storage by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and kinetic models, and also investigated the effects of natural phenolic antioxidant on their susceptibilities. RESULTS The results showed that GPC and GPE molecular species (carrying EPA or DHA) contents in samples continuously reduced during storage at two different temperatures. The first-order kinetic model better reflected the changes of GPC and GPE molecular species (carrying EPA or DHA) in samples than the zero-order kinetic model during storage. According to the oxidation rate (k) obtained from first-order kinetic models, GPE possessed a greater oxidation rate than GPC during storage. Moreover, the results showed that antioxidants of bamboo leaves (AOB, polar polyphenolic antioxidants) significantly decreased the oxidation rates of GPC and GPE molecular species (carrying EPA or DHA) in samples during storage, and GPC could be more effectively protected by AOB compared to GPE. CONCLUSION The present study provides a practical method for accurately evaluating the oxidative susceptibility of different phospholipid classes in complex food systems. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Kai Xie
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Guan-Hua Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Zi-Xuan Wu
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - De-Yang Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Man-Tong Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Ao Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Hui-Lin Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Da-Yong Zhou
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Bei-Wei Zhu
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
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Jones JW, Sarkar C, Lipinski MM, Kane MA. Detection and Structural Characterization of Ether Glycerophosphoethanolamine from Cortical Lysosomes Following Traumatic Brain Injury Using UPLC-HDMS E. Proteomics 2019; 19:e1800297. [PMID: 30790445 PMCID: PMC7565256 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201800297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The use of ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled to data independent tandem mass spectrometry with traveling wave ion mobility for detection and structural identification of ether-linked glycerophosphoethanolamine is described. The experimental design generates 4D data (chromatographic retention time, precursor accurate mass, drift time with associated calculated collisional cross-section, and time-aligned accurate mass diagnostic product ions) for each ionization mode. Confident structure identification depends on satisfying 4D data confirmation in both positive and negative ion mode. Using this methodology, a number of ether-linked glycerophosphoethanolamine lipids are structurally elucidated from mouse brain lysosomes. It is further determined that several ether-linked glycerophosphoethanolamine structures are differentially abundant between lysosomes isolated from mouse cortex following traumatic brain injury as compared to that of sham animals. The combined effort of aligning multi-dimensional mass spectrometry data with a well-defined traumatic brain injury model lays the foundation for gaining mechanistic insight in the role lysosomal membrane damage plays in neuronal cell death following brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jace W Jones
- University of Maryland, School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Chinmoy Sarkar
- University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Marta M Lipinski
- University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Maureen A Kane
- University of Maryland, School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
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Weber-Fahr W, Englisch S, Esser A, Tunc-Skarka N, Meyer-Lindenberg A, Ende G, Zink M. Altered phospholipid metabolism in schizophrenia: a phosphorus 31 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy study. Psychiatry Res 2013; 214:365-73. [PMID: 24045051 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2013.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2013] [Revised: 05/31/2013] [Accepted: 06/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Phospholipid (PL) metabolism is investigated by in vivo 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). Inconsistent alterations of phosphocholine (PC), phosphoethanolamine (PE), glycerophosphocholine (GPC) and glycerophosphoethanolamine (GPE) have been described in schizophrenia, which might be overcome by specific editing techniques. The selective refocused insensitive nuclei-enhanced polarization transfer (RINEPT) technique was applied in a cross-sectional study involving 11 schizophrenia spectrum disorder patients (SZP) on stable antipsychotic monotherapy and 15 matched control subjects. Metabolite signals were found to be modulated by cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) content and gray matter/brain matter ratio. Corrected metabolite concentrations of PC, GPC and PE differed between patients and controls in both subcortical and cortical regions, whereas antipsychotic medication exerted only small effects. Significant correlations were found between the severity of clinical symptoms and the assessed signals. In particular, psychotic symptoms correlated with PC levels in the cerebral cortex, depression with PC levels in the cerebellum and executive functioning with GPC in the insular and temporal cortices. In conclusion, after controlling for age and tissue composition, this investigation revealed alterations of metabolite levels in SZP and correlations with clinical properties. RINEPT 31P MRS should also be applied to at-risk-mental-state patients as well as drug-naïve and chronically treated schizophrenic patients in order to enhance the understanding of longitudinal alterations of PL metabolism in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Weber-Fahr
- Department of Neuroimaging, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
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