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Ahmadi S, Botton J, Zoumenou R, Ayotte P, Fievet N, Massougbodji A, Alao MJ, Cot M, Glorennec P, Bodeau-Livinec F. Lead Exposure in Infancy and Subsequent Growth in Beninese Children. Toxics 2022; 10:595. [PMID: 36287875 PMCID: PMC9609716 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10100595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Studies suggest that elevated postnatal blood lead levels (BLLs) are negatively associated with child growth. This study aimed to investigate the associations of childhood BLLs at age one year and growth outcomes at age six years (n = 661) in a cohort of children in Allada, Benin. The growth outcomes studied are weight-for-age Z-score (WAZ), height-for-age Z-score (HAZ), BMI-for-age Z-score (BMIZ), weight-for-height Z-score (WHZ), head circumference (HC), growth velocities, underweight, stunting, and wasting. Multivariable regression models examined the associations between BLLs and growth outcomes, with adjustment for potential confounders. The geometric mean BLLs was 59.3 μg/L and 82% of children had BLLs >35 μg/L at the age of 12.8 months. After adjusting for confounding factors, no overall association was found between BLL quartiles and HAZ, WAZ, BMIZ, WHZ, growth velocities, wasting, and underweight. However, boys in the highest quartile had a 1.02 cm lower HC (95% CI: [−1.81, −0.24]) as compared to the lowest quartile. Furthermore, an increased odds of being stunted was observed in children in the highest quartile of exposure compared to the first (OR: 2.43; 95% CI: [1.11−5.33]) which remained statistically significant only among girls in sex-specific strata. Blood lead was found to be associated with an increased risk of childhood stunting and a lower head circumference in a resource-limited setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shukrullah Ahmadi
- Centre of Research in Epidemiology and Statistics/CRESS, Université de Paris, INSERM, INRA, 75004 Paris, France
| | - Jérémie Botton
- EPI-PHARE, Epidemiology of Health Products, 93200 Saint-Denis, France
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University Paris-Sud, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Roméo Zoumenou
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Paris Descartes Université, 75004 Paris, France
| | - Pierre Ayotte
- Département de médecine sociale et préventive, Université Laval and Centre de toxicologie du Québec, INSPQ, Québec, QC G1V 5B3, Canada
| | - Nadine Fievet
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Paris Descartes Université, 75004 Paris, France
| | | | - Maroufou Jules Alao
- Paediatric Department, Mother and Child University and Hospital Center (CHU-MEL), Cotonou 01 BP 107, Benin
| | - Michel Cot
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Paris Descartes Université, 75004 Paris, France
| | - Philippe Glorennec
- Univ Rennes, EHESP, Inserm, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail)-UMR_S 1085, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Florence Bodeau-Livinec
- Univ Rennes, EHESP, Inserm, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail)-UMR_S 1085, 35000 Rennes, France
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Tang J, Gou W, Fu Y, Li K, Guo X, Huang T, Liu H, Li D, Zheng JS. Association between postterm pregnancy and adverse growth outcomes in preschool-age children. Am J Clin Nutr 2022; 116:482-490. [PMID: 35544281 PMCID: PMC9348988 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqac127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postterm pregnancy has been associated with higher risk of perinatal mortality and morbidity, but its long-term health effects on offspring are poorly understood. OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to investigate the prospective associations between maternal postterm pregnancy and adverse growth outcomes in children. METHODS The Jiaxing Birth Cohort is part of a large population-based health surveillance system in China and recruited pregnant females resident in the Jiaxing area between 1999 and 2013; newborns were followed up for a median duration of 5.8 y until they went to school. Mother-child pairs with maternal gestational information and offspring's anthropometric data at 4-7 y old were included. Postterm pregnancy was defined as maternal gestational age ≥42 and <47 wk, and its associations with offspring obesity, overweight/obesity, and thinness during childhood were determined by using Poisson regression models. RESULTS Of the 101,505 included mother-child pairs, 2369 (2.3%) children were born at postterm. Children born at postterm had significantly lower BMI-for-age z score, weight-for-age z score, and height-for-age z score than those born at term; the mean difference (95% CI) was -0.11 (-0.15, -0.06), -0.17 (-0.21, -0.13), and -0.16 (-0.20, -0.12), respectively. When comparing postterm with term pregnancy, the multivariable-adjusted RRs and 95% CIs among preschool-age children were 0.87 (0.68, 1.11) for obesity, 0.82 (0.72, 0.94) for overweight/obesity, and 1.18 (1.09, 1.28) for thinness, respectively. These risk estimates were robust in sensitivity analyses, but were attenuated in several subgroups stratified by age, sex, mode of delivery, and fetal distress. CONCLUSIONS Postterm pregnancy was associated with a higher risk of thinness, and a lower risk of overweight/obesity, as well as lower growth parameters in preschool-age children. These findings imply that postterm pregnancy may impede the long-term growth of offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China,Westlake Intelligent Biomarker Discovery Lab, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, China,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wanglong Gou
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China,Westlake Intelligent Biomarker Discovery Lab, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, China,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuanqing Fu
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China,Westlake Intelligent Biomarker Discovery Lab, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, China,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kelei Li
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaofei Guo
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Huijuan Liu
- Jiaxing University Affiliated Women and Children Hospital, Jiaxing, China
| | - Duo Li
- Address correspondence to DL (e-mail: )
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Singh A, Ghosh S, Ward H, Manary MJ, Rogers BL, Rosenberg IH. Biomarkers of environmental enteric dysfunction are differently associated with recovery and growth among children with moderate acute malnutrition in Sierra Leone. Am J Clin Nutr 2021; 113:1556-1564. [PMID: 33668048 PMCID: PMC8243924 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqaa434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Environmental enteric dysfunction (EED) may influence growth during and recovery from moderate acute malnutrition (MAM), however, biomarkers to assess these relations have yet to be identified. OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to: 1) develop a score for EED based on host fecal mRNA transcripts, 2) compare biomarkers of EED with each other, and 3) examine associations between the EED biomarkers and recovery from MAM and growth outcomes. METHODS In a cohort of 520 Sierra Leonean MAM children, biomarkers of EED included the lactulose: mannitol (L: M) test, 15 host fecal mRNA transcripts, and host fecal proteins [α-1-antitrypsin (AAT), myeloperoxidase (MPO), neopterin (NEO)]. Anthropometry data were also collected and z scores were computed for length-for-age (LAZ) and weight-for-length (WLZ). Recovery from MAM was defined as midupper arm circumference ≥12.5 cm. Factor analysis was used to identify EED scores using the mRNA transcripts, and mixed effects regression was conducted to test for associations. RESULTS The 15 host fecal mRNA transcripts were clustered into 3 scores: gut inflammation (GI) score, gut structure (GS) score, and gut defense (GD) score. We found agreement between certain inflammation markers (GI score and MPO), and permeability markers (GS score and AAT; AAT and the L: M excretion ratio). Antimicrobial gut defense (GD score) was inversely associated with percent lactulose excreted, a measure of intestinal permeability. LAZ (β: -0.08; 95% CI: -0.14, -0.02) and WLZ (β: -0.03; 95% CI: -0.06, -0.01) were negatively associated with GI score. A high GD score (β: 0.36; 95% CI: 0.08, 0.64) and low AAT (β: -1.35; 95% CI: -2.35, -0.36) were associated with recovery from MAM. CONCLUSIONS Scores derived from host fecal mRNA transcript variably correlated with the L: M test and host fecal proteins. Markers of intestinal inflammation, permeability, and defense were associated with growth outcomes and recovery from MAM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shibani Ghosh
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts
University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Honorine Ward
- Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of
Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mark J Manary
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University,
St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Beatrice L Rogers
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts
University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Irwin H Rosenberg
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts
University, Boston, MA, USA
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Ozawa TO, Dutka JDCR, Garib D, Lauris RCMC, Almeida AM, Brosco TVDS, Lauris JRP, Dolce C, Pegoraro-Krook MI. Influence of surgical technique and timing of primary repair on interarch relationship in UCLP: A randomized clinical trial. Orthod Craniofac Res 2020; 24:288-295. [PMID: 33098171 DOI: 10.1111/ocr.12435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare dental arch relationships in children with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) between two surgical techniques for repair of cleft lip/palate and two ages of palate repair. SETTINGS AND SAMPLE Dental models were taken for a group of 448 subjects at a mean age of 7 years and were evaluated by means of the Goslon Yardstick. The patients studied consisted of an initial group of 673 infants with complete UCLP randomized into 8 study groups according to lip repair procedures (Millard versus Spina techniques); palate repair procedures (von Langenbeck versus Furlow techniques); and palate repair timing (early: 9 to 12 months versus late: 15-18 months). METHODS Four surgeons performed all surgeries. Dependent variables included the following: lip repair technique, palate repair technique, age at time of palate repair and surgeon; with sex as an independent variable. The data were analysed using a general linear model (P < .05). RESULTS There were no significant differences for occlusal index scores as a function of lip or palate surgical technique, palatal repair timing and sex. Significant differences were found for occlusal index scores as a function of the surgeon. CONCLUSION Dental arch relationships were not influenced by lip and palatal repair techniques or patient age at palatal repair. The surgeon was the major factor that influenced the dental arch relationship outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terumi Okada Ozawa
- Department of Orthodontics, Hospital of Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Jeniffer de Cassia Rillo Dutka
- Department of Speech-Language and Audiology, Bauru Dental School and Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Daniela Garib
- Department of Orthodontics, Hospital of Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil.,Department of Orthodontics, Bauru Dental School and Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Rita C M C Lauris
- Department of Orthodontics, Hospital of Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Araci Malagodi Almeida
- Department of Orthodontics, Hospital of Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Telma Vidotto de Sousa Brosco
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
| | - José Roberto P Lauris
- Department of Orthodontics, Bauru Dental School and Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil.,Department of Public Health, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Calogero Dolce
- University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Maria Inês Pegoraro-Krook
- Department of Speech-Language and Audiology, Bauru Dental School and Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
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Abstract
Guidelines on proton craniospinal irradiation (p-CSI) target volume selection in children are lacking. We examined the impact of target volume selection on growth of children receiving p-CSI at a institution. Records of 58 patients who received p-CSI were reviewed. Median age at treatment initiation was 8 years (range, 2 to 18 y). Spinal target volumes included whole vertebral body (WVB) in 67% and partial vertebral body (PVB) in 33%. Height z-scores before and after p-CSI were assessed using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention stature-for-age charts. Maximal Cobb angle and height z-score change were compared for WVB versus PVB p-CSI using a t test. Among 93% of patients with detailed data, median follow-up was 19 months (range, 2 to 58 mo) after radiation therapy initiation. Quantitative growth evaluations were available for 64% of patients. Median change in height z-score was -0.5 (range, -2.1 to +0.7) after treatment, representing a decrease (P<0.001) in age-adjusted height. WVB patients had significantly greater reduction in height z-score versus PVB patients (P=0.004) but no difference in Cobb angle change (P>0.05). Despite reluctance surrounding its use in younger patients, PVB p-CSI was associated with similar spinal curvature and less growth suppression as compared with WVB p-CSI; a trial comparing WVB versus PVB in children may be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian De
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
- ProCure Proton Therapy Center, 103 Cedar Grove Lane, Somerset, NJ 08873, USA
| | - Oren Cahlon
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
- ProCure Proton Therapy Center, 103 Cedar Grove Lane, Somerset, NJ 08873, USA
| | - Kevin Sine
- ProCure Proton Therapy Center, 103 Cedar Grove Lane, Somerset, NJ 08873, USA
| | - Dennis Mah
- ProCure Proton Therapy Center, 103 Cedar Grove Lane, Somerset, NJ 08873, USA
| | - Eugen B. Hug
- ProCure Proton Therapy Center, 103 Cedar Grove Lane, Somerset, NJ 08873, USA
| | - Suzanne L. Wolden
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
- ProCure Proton Therapy Center, 103 Cedar Grove Lane, Somerset, NJ 08873, USA
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