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Ternullo S, Basnet P, Holsæter AM, Flaten GE, de Weerd L, Škalko-Basnet N. Deformable liposomes for skin therapy with human epidermal growth factor: The effect of liposomal surface charge. Eur J Pharm Sci 2018; 125:163-171. [PMID: 30300691 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The topical administration of exogenous human epidermal growth factor (hEGF) is a promising approach for improved chronic wound therapy. To develop therapeutically superior hEGF formulation, we prepared hEGF-containing neutral (NDLs), cationic (CDLs) and anionic (ADLs) deformable liposomes (DLs), respectively, since it is expected that the liposomal surface charge can affect both the liposomal physicochemical properties, their skin penetration potential and therapeutic efficacy of liposome-associated drug. All prepared liposomes were of similar size (300-350 nm) with high hEGF load (~80% entrapment efficacy). Among the studied DLs, ADLs were found to be most promising for sustained release of hEGF, as assessed in vitro using the polyamide membrane. Ex vivo studies revealed that all DLs were excellent systems for skin therapy with hEGF and no penetration of hEGF through the full thickness human skin was detected. ADLs provided a depot exhibiting the highest hEGF retention onto the human skin surface. ADLs also revealed enhanced mitogenic activities in human fibroblasts compared to both NDLs and CDLs after 48 hrs treatment. Moreover, hEGF-containing ADLs significantly enhanced mitogenic activity in fibroblast as compared to activity of hEGF solution (positive control). Similar trends were observed in human keratinocytes after 24 hrs of treatment. We proved that the liposomal surface charge affects the therapeutic potential of hEGF-containing liposomes. hEGF-containing ADLs can be a promising nanosystem-based formulation for localized therapy of chronic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selenia Ternullo
- Drug Transport and Delivery Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, University of Tromsø The Arctic University of Norway, Universitetsveien 57, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Purusotam Basnet
- IVF Clinic, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital of North Norway, Sykehusvegen 38, 9019 Tromsø, Norway; Women's Health and Perinatology Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø The Arctic University of Norway, Universitetsveien 57, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Ann Mari Holsæter
- Drug Transport and Delivery Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, University of Tromsø The Arctic University of Norway, Universitetsveien 57, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Gøril Eide Flaten
- Drug Transport and Delivery Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, University of Tromsø The Arctic University of Norway, Universitetsveien 57, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Louis de Weerd
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital of North Norway, Sykehusvegen 38, 9019 Tromsø, Norway; Research Group for Medical Imaging, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø The Arctic University of Norway, Universitetsveien 57, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Nataša Škalko-Basnet
- Drug Transport and Delivery Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, University of Tromsø The Arctic University of Norway, Universitetsveien 57, 9037 Tromsø, Norway.
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