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Lu X, Sun K, Wang Y, Liu C, Meng Y, Lang X, Xiao C, Tian R, Song Z, Zhu Z, Yang M, Bai Y, Ge Z. Dynamic Reversible Oxidation-Reduction of Iodide Ions for Operationally Stable Perovskite Solar Cells under ISOS-L-3 Protocol. Adv Mater 2024:e2400852. [PMID: 38579292 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202400852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Despite rapid advancements in the photovoltaic efficiencies of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), their operational stability remains a significant challenge for commercialization. This instability mainly arises from light-induced halide ion migration and subsequent oxidation into iodine (I2). The situation is exacerbated when considering the heat effects at elevated temperatures, leading to the volatilization of I2 and resulting in irreversible device degradation. Mercaptoethylammonium iodide (ESAI) is thus incorporated into perovskite as an additive to inhibit the oxidation of iodide anion (I-) and the light-induced degradation pathway of FAPbI3→FAI+PbI2. Additionally, the formation of a thiol-disulfide/I--I2 redox pair within the perovskite film provides a dynamic mechanism for the continuous reduction of I2 under light and thermal stresses, facilitating the healing of iodine-induced degradations. This approach significantly enhances the operational stability of PSCs. Under the ISOS-L-3 testing protocol (maximum power point (MPP) tracking in an environment with relative humidity of ≈50% at ≈65 °C), the treated PSCs maintain 97% of their original power conversion efficieney (PCE) after 300 h of aging. In contrast, control devices exhibit almost complete degradation, primarily due to rapid thermal-induced I2 volatilization. These results demonstrate a promising strategy to overcome critical stability challenges in PSCs, particularly in scenarios involving thermal effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Lu
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Kexuan Sun
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Yaohua Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Yuanyuan Meng
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Xiting Lang
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Chuanxiao Xiao
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Ruijia Tian
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Zhenhua Song
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Zewei Zhu
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Yang Bai
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Ziyi Ge
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese, Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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Xiao Z, Zhao L, Tran NL, Lin YL, Silver SH, Kerner RA, Yao N, Kahn A, Scholes GD, Rand BP. Mixed-Halide Perovskites with Stabilized Bandgaps. Nano Lett 2017; 17:6863-6869. [PMID: 28968126 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b03179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
One merit of organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites is their tunable bandgap by adjusting the halide stoichiometry, an aspect critical to their application in tandem solar cells, wavelength-tunable light emitting diodes (LEDs), and lasers. However, the phase separation of mixed-halide perovskites caused by light or applied bias results in undesirable recombination at iodide-rich domains, meaning open-circuit voltage (VOC) pinning in solar cells and infrared emission in LEDs. Here, we report an approach to suppress halide redistribution by self-assembled long-chain organic ammonium capping layers at nanometer-sized grain surfaces. Using the stable mixed-halide perovskite films, we are able to fabricate efficient and wavelength-tunable perovskite LEDs from infrared to green with high external quantum efficiencies of up to 5%, as well as linearly tuned VOC from 1.05 to 1.45 V in solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengguo Xiao
- Department of Electrical Engineering, ‡Department of Chemistry, §Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials, and ∥Andlinger Center for Energy and the Environment, Princeton University , Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Lianfeng Zhao
- Department of Electrical Engineering, ‡Department of Chemistry, §Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials, and ∥Andlinger Center for Energy and the Environment, Princeton University , Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Nhu L Tran
- Department of Electrical Engineering, ‡Department of Chemistry, §Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials, and ∥Andlinger Center for Energy and the Environment, Princeton University , Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Yunhui Lisa Lin
- Department of Electrical Engineering, ‡Department of Chemistry, §Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials, and ∥Andlinger Center for Energy and the Environment, Princeton University , Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Scott H Silver
- Department of Electrical Engineering, ‡Department of Chemistry, §Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials, and ∥Andlinger Center for Energy and the Environment, Princeton University , Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Ross A Kerner
- Department of Electrical Engineering, ‡Department of Chemistry, §Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials, and ∥Andlinger Center for Energy and the Environment, Princeton University , Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Nan Yao
- Department of Electrical Engineering, ‡Department of Chemistry, §Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials, and ∥Andlinger Center for Energy and the Environment, Princeton University , Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Antoine Kahn
- Department of Electrical Engineering, ‡Department of Chemistry, §Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials, and ∥Andlinger Center for Energy and the Environment, Princeton University , Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Gregory D Scholes
- Department of Electrical Engineering, ‡Department of Chemistry, §Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials, and ∥Andlinger Center for Energy and the Environment, Princeton University , Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Barry P Rand
- Department of Electrical Engineering, ‡Department of Chemistry, §Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials, and ∥Andlinger Center for Energy and the Environment, Princeton University , Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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Luo Y, Khoram P, Brittman S, Zhu Z, Lai B, Ong SP, Garnett EC, Fenning DP. Direct Observation of Halide Migration and its Effect on the Photoluminescence of Methylammonium Lead Bromide Perovskite Single Crystals. Adv Mater 2017; 29:1703451. [PMID: 28961331 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201703451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Optoelectronic devices based on hybrid perovskites have demonstrated outstanding performance within a few years of intense study. However, commercialization of these devices requires barriers to their development to be overcome, such as their chemical instability under operating conditions. To investigate this instability and its consequences, the electric field applied to single crystals of methylammonium lead bromide (CH3 NH3 PbBr3 ) is varied, and changes are mapped in both their elemental composition and photoluminescence. Synchrotron-based nanoprobe X-ray fluorescence (nano-XRF) with 250 nm resolution reveals quasi-reversible field-assisted halide migration, with corresponding changes in photoluminescence. It is observed that higher local bromide concentration is correlated to superior optoelectronic performance in CH3 NH3 PbBr3 . A lower limit on the electromigration rate is calculated from these experiments and the motion is interpreted as vacancy-mediated migration based on nudged elastic band density functional theory (DFT) simulations. The XRF mapping data provide direct evidence of field-assisted ionic migration in a model hybrid-perovskite thin single crystal, while the link with photoluminescence proves that the halide stoichiometry plays a key role in the optoelectronic properties of the perovskite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqi Luo
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Parisa Khoram
- Center for Nanophotonics, AMOLF, Amsterdam, 1098 XG, The Netherlands
| | - Sarah Brittman
- Center for Nanophotonics, AMOLF, Amsterdam, 1098 XG, The Netherlands
| | - Zhuoying Zhu
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Barry Lai
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Shyue Ping Ong
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Erik C Garnett
- Center for Nanophotonics, AMOLF, Amsterdam, 1098 XG, The Netherlands
| | - David P Fenning
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
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