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Shen J, Wahiduzzaman M, Kumar A, Barpaga D, McGrail BP, Thallapally P, Maurin G, Motkuri RK. Molecular-level insight into the chlorofluorocarbons adsorption by defective covalent organic polymers. Chemphyschem 2024:e202400283. [PMID: 38634178 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202400283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Halocarbons have important industrial applications, however they contribute to global warming and the fact that they can cause ozone depletion. Hence, the techniques that can capture and recover the used halocarbons with energy efficiency methods have recently received greater attention. In this contribution, we report the capture of dichlorodifluoromethane (R12), which has high global warming and ozone depletion potential, using covalent organic polymers (COPs). The defect-engineered COPs were synthesized and demonstrated outstanding sorption capacities, ~226 wt% of R12 combined with linear-shaped adsorption isotherms. We further identified the plausible microscopic adsorption mechanism of the investigated COPs via grand canonical Monte Carlo simulations applied to non-defective and a collection of atomistic models of the defective COPs. The modeling work suggests that significant R12 adsorption is attributed to a gradual increment of porosities due to isolated/interconnected micro-/meso-pore channels and the change of the long-range ordering of both COPs. The successive hierarchical-pore-filling mechanism promotes R12 molecular adsorption via moderate van der Waals adsorbate-adsorbent interactions in the micropores of both COPs at low pressure followed by adsorbate-adsorbate interactions in the extra-voids created at moderate to high pressure ranges. This continuous pore-filling mechanism makes defective COPs as promising sorbents for halocarbon adsorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Shen
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Energy and Environment Directorate, UNITED STATES
| | | | - Abhishek Kumar
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Energy and Environment Directorate, UNITED STATES
| | - Dushyant Barpaga
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Energy and Environment Directorate, UNITED STATES
| | - B Peter McGrail
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Energy and Environment Directorate, UNITED STATES
| | - Praveen Thallapally
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, UNITED STATES
| | - Guillaume Maurin
- Universite de Montpellier, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, 1919 route de Mende, 34293, Montpellier, FRANCE
| | - Radha Kishan Motkuri
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Energy and Environment Directorate, UNITED STATES
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2
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Yang Q, Qian H, Guo Y, Bai X, Li J, Chen C. Rapid Release of Halocarbons from Saline Water by Iron-Based Photochemistry. Environ Sci Technol 2023; 57:20781-20791. [PMID: 38010203 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c05552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Methyl halides play important roles in stratospheric ozone depletion, but their formation mechanisms are not well defined. This study demonstrated that iron-based photochemistry significantly enhanced alkyl halide production by promoting the reaction of the representative monomer of lignin with halide ions in saline water under solar light irradiation. The methyl chloride (CH3Cl) emission from the light/Fe(III) process was 2 orders of magnitude higher than dark treatment and in the absence of iron. In addition, bromide and iodide showed better reactivity in the formation of the corresponding methyl bromide (CH3Br) and methyl iodide (CH3I). Alkyl halides identified from seawater, brackish water, and salt pan water under sunlight irradiation were positively correlated with the Fe(III) concentrations, indicating that iron-based photochemistry is ubiquitous. This work suggested that the photoinduced formation of methyl radical and redox cycling of iron triggered by the Fenton-like reaction are responsible for the enhanced release of alkyl halides. This study represents an abiotic formation pathway of alkyl halides, which accounts for a portion of the unidentified sources of halocarbons in the ocean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yang
- Department of Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Heng Qian
- Department of Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Yang Guo
- Department of Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Xueling Bai
- Department of Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Chuncheng Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
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Zhao F, Chen TS, Dong C, Li HY, Liu ZL, Bi YJ, Guo ZX, Wang XF, Yang LX, Wang T, Wang WX, Xue LK. [Long-term Trends and Sources of Atmospheric Halocarbons at Mount Taishan, Northern China]. Huan Jing Ke Xue 2022; 43:723-734. [PMID: 35075846 DOI: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202103231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Halocarbons are hot topics in atmospheric environment and climate change research. Combining observational data from six field campaigns at the summit of Mount Taishan (36.25°N, 117.10°E, 1534 m above sea level) with backward trajectory and receptor source analyses, this study analyzed the long-term trends and major emission sources of halocarbons in the regional background atmosphere of the North China Plain (NCP) from 2003 to 2018. The results showed that the volume fraction of species eliminated by the Montreal Protocol (MP) showed a significant downward trend; however, the MP-controlled and unregulated species showed an overall upward trend. Meanwhile, the median volume fraction of the MP-controlled and unregulated species at Mount Taishan were significantly higher than the mid-latitude median background values in the northern hemisphere. Mount Taishan air was mainly affected by four types of air masses, of which the air mass originating from NCP accounted for the highest proportion (41%). The major sources of halocarbons were biomass/biofuel burning (38.1%), refrigeration (26.2%), industrial and domestic solvent use (21.7%), solvent use in the electronic industry (8.7%), and leakage of chlorofluorocarbon (CFCs) banks (5.3%). This study fully demonstrates that MP has been effectively implemented in China and provides evidence and recommendations to further reduce and control the volume fraction of halocarbons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhao
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Tian-Shu Chen
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Can Dong
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Hong-Yong Li
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Zi-Lu Liu
- Tai'an Meteorological Bureau of Shandong Province, Tai'an 271000, China
| | - Yu-Jian Bi
- Tai'an Meteorological Bureau of Shandong Province, Tai'an 271000, China
| | - Zhao-Xin Guo
- Tai'an Meteorological Bureau of Shandong Province, Tai'an 271000, China
| | - Xin-Feng Wang
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Ling-Xiao Yang
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Wen-Xing Wang
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Li-Kun Xue
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
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Hodnebrog Ø, Aamaas B, Fuglestvedt JS, Marston G, Myhre G, Nielsen CJ, Sandstad M, Shine KP, Wallington TJ. Updated Global Warming Potentials and Radiative Efficiencies of Halocarbons and Other Weak Atmospheric Absorbers. Rev Geophys 2020; 58:e2019RG000691. [PMID: 33015672 PMCID: PMC7518032 DOI: 10.1029/2019rg000691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Human activity has led to increased atmospheric concentrations of many gases, including halocarbons, and may lead to emissions of many more gases. Many of these gases are, on a per molecule basis, powerful greenhouse gases, although at present-day concentrations their climate effect is in the so-called weak limit (i.e., their effect scales linearly with concentration). We published a comprehensive review of the radiative efficiencies (RE) and global warming potentials (GWP) for around 200 such compounds in 2013 (Hodnebrog et al., 2013, https://doi.org/10.1002/rog.20013). Here we present updated RE and GWP values for compounds where experimental infrared absorption spectra are available. Updated numbers are based on a revised "Pinnock curve", which gives RE as a function of wave number, and now also accounts for stratospheric temperature adjustment (Shine & Myhre, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019MS001951). Further updates include the implementation of around 500 absorption spectra additional to those in the 2013 review and new atmospheric lifetimes from the literature (mainly from WMO (2019)). In total, values for 60 of the compounds previously assessed are based on additional absorption spectra, and 42 compounds have REs which differ by >10% from our previous assessment. New RE calculations are presented for more than 400 compounds in addition to the previously assessed compounds, and GWP calculations are presented for a total of around 250 compounds. Present-day radiative forcing due to halocarbons and other weak absorbers is 0.38 [0.33-0.43] W m-2, compared to 0.36 [0.32-0.40] W m-2 in IPCC AR5 (Myhre et al., 2013, https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.018), which is about 18% of the current CO2 forcing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ø Hodnebrog
- Center for International Climate Research (CICERO) Oslo Norway
| | - B Aamaas
- Center for International Climate Research (CICERO) Oslo Norway
| | - J S Fuglestvedt
- Center for International Climate Research (CICERO) Oslo Norway
| | - G Marston
- Vice-Chancellor's Office Northumbria University Newcastle UK
| | - G Myhre
- Center for International Climate Research (CICERO) Oslo Norway
| | - C J Nielsen
- Department of Chemistry University of Oslo Oslo Norway
| | - M Sandstad
- Center for International Climate Research (CICERO) Oslo Norway
| | - K P Shine
- Department of Meteorology University of Reading Reading UK
| | - T J Wallington
- Research and Advanced Eng. Ford Motor Company Dearborn MI USA
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5
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Lu T, Chen J, Zhang J, Gou Q, Xia Z, Feng G. Structure, Conformational Equilibria, and Weak Hydrogen Bonding in the CH 2 F 2 -CF 3 CH 2 F Dimer. Chemphyschem 2018; 19:2655-2661. [PMID: 30133804 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201800636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
To probe the multiple configurations of a weakly bound intermolecular complex, the difluoromethane and 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane dimer was investigated by using pulsed jet Fourier transform microwave spectroscopy coupled with quantum chemical calculations. Three isomers were detected in the supersonic jet. Spectroscopic assignments, ab initio calculations and quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) analyses prove that all the observed isomers are stabilized through a net of three weak C-H⋅⋅⋅F-C interactions. The interaction energies are estimated to be within 12-13 kJ mol-1 , dominated by electrostatic and dispersion according to Symmetry-Adapted Perturbation Theory (SAPT) analysis. The spectroscopic measurements were also extended to three and two 13 C isotopologues in natural abundance for the isomers II and III, respectively, which lead to precisely structural determinations of these two isomers. The comparison of the relative intensity of these isomers measured in the carrier gases of argon and helium evidenced that isomer II is the global minimum, while the intensities measured in helium suggested that the population of the three isomers in the jet to be NI /NII /NIII ≈1/11/4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Lu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Daxuecheng South Rd. 55, 401331, Chongqing, China
| | - Junhua Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Daxuecheng South Rd. 55, 401331, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Daxuecheng South Rd. 55, 401331, Chongqing, China
| | - Qian Gou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Daxuecheng South Rd. 55, 401331, Chongqing, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing University, No. 174 Shazhengjie, Shapingba, 400044, Chongqing, China)
| | - Zhining Xia
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Daxuecheng South Rd. 55, 401331, Chongqing, China
| | - Gang Feng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Daxuecheng South Rd. 55, 401331, Chongqing, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing University, No. 174 Shazhengjie, Shapingba, 400044, Chongqing, China)
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6
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Abstract
Dichlorodifluoromethane (R-12) has been widely used as a radiator gas in pressure threshold Cherenkov detectors for high-energy particle physics. However, that compound is becoming unavailable due to the Montreal Protocol. To find a replacement with suitably high refractive index, we use a combination of theory and experiment to examine the polarizability and refractivity of several non-ozone-depleting compounds. Our measurements show that the fourth-generation refrigerants R-1234yf (2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene) and R-1234ze(E) (trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene) have sufficient refractivity to replace R-12 in this application. If the slight flammability of these compounds is a problem, two nonflammable alternatives are R-218 (octafluoropropane), which has a high Global Warming Potential, and R-13I1 (trifluoroiodomethane), which has low Ozone Depletion Potential and Global Warming Potential but may not be sufficiently inert.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allan H. Harvey
- Applied Chemicals and Materials Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - Eugene Paulechka
- Applied Chemicals and Materials Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - Patrick F. Egan
- Engineering Physics Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
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Bhat SA, Rashid N, Rather MA, Pandit SA, Rather GM, Ingole PP, Bhat MA. PdAg Bimetallic Nanoalloy-Decorated Graphene: A Nanohybrid with Unprecedented Electrocatalytic, Catalytic, and Sensing Activities. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2018; 10:16376-16389. [PMID: 29658695 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b00510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Recent reports about the promising and tunable electrocatalytic activity and stability of nanoalloys have stimulated an intense research activity toward the design and synthesis of homogeneously alloyed novel bimetallic nanoelectrocatalysts. We herein present a simple one-pot facile wet-chemical approach for the deposition of high-quality bimetallic palladium-silver (PdAg) homogeneous nanoalloy crystals on reduced graphene (Gr) oxide sheets. Morphological, structural, and chemical characterizations of the so-crafted nanohybrids establish a homogeneous distribution of 1:1 PdAg nanoalloy crystals supported over reduced graphene oxide (PdAg-Gr). The PdAg-Gr nanohybrids exhibit outstanding electrocatalytic, catalytic, and electroanalytical performances. The PdAg-Gr samples were found to exhibit exceptional durability when subjected to repeated potential cycles or long-term electrolysis. In the CVs recorded for fuel cell reactions, viz. methanol oxidation reaction and oxygen reduction reaction, and for detoxification of environmental pollutants, viz. electroreduction of methyl iodide and chloroacetonitrile over PdAg-Gr with potential sweep rate of 25 mVs-1, the peak potentials were observed to be just -0.221, -0.297, (vs Ag/AgCl, 3 M KCl) -1.508, and -1.189 V (vs Fc+/Fc), respectively. The potential of PdAg-Gr nanohybrid for simultaneous and sensitive electrochemical sensing and estimation of hydroxybenzene isomers with very low detection limits (0.05 μM for hydroquinone, 0.06 μM for catechol, 6.7 nM for 4-aminophenol, and 13.7 nM for 2-aminophenol) is demonstrated. Additionally, PdAg-Gr was observed to offer excellent solution-phase catalytic performance in bringing about the reduction of notorious environmental pollutant 4-nitrophenol to pharmaceutically important 4-aminophenol with an apparent rate constant ( kapp) of 3.106 × 10-2 s-1 and a normalized rate constant ( knor) of 6.21 × 102 s-1 g-1. The presented synthetic scheme besides being high yielding, low cost, and easy to carry out results in the production of PdAg-Gr nanohybrids with stability and activity significantly better than most of the nanomaterials purposefully designed and testified so far by various groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Ahmad Bhat
- Department of Chemistry , University of Kashmir , Srinagar 190006 , J&K , India
| | - Nusrat Rashid
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Delhi , New Delhi 110016 , India
| | | | - Sarwar Ahmad Pandit
- Department of Chemistry , University of Kashmir , Srinagar 190006 , J&K , India
| | | | - Pravin P Ingole
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Delhi , New Delhi 110016 , India
| | - Mohsin Ahmad Bhat
- Department of Chemistry , University of Kashmir , Srinagar 190006 , J&K , India
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8
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Bringel F, Couée I. Plant-Pesticide Interactions and the Global Chloromethane Budget. Trends Plant Sci 2018; 23:95-99. [PMID: 29287770 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Ecological, signaling, metabolic, and chemical processes in plant-microorganism systems and in plant-derived material may link the use of chlorinated pesticides in the environment with plant chloromethane emission. This neglected factor should be taken into account to assess global planetary budgets of chloromethane and impacts on atmospheric ozone depletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Françoise Bringel
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, UMR 7156, Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Genomics, and Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, Genomics, and the Environment, 28 rue Goethe, F-67083 Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Ivan Couée
- Université de Rennes 1, CNRS, UMR 6553 Ecosystems, Biodiversity, Evolution, Campus de Beaulieu, bâtiment 14A, F-35042 Rennes Cedex, France.
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Lunt MF, Rigby M, Ganesan AL, Manning AJ, Prinn RG, O'Doherty S, Mühle J, Harth CM, Salameh PK, Arnold T, Weiss RF, Saito T, Yokouchi Y, Krummel PB, Steele LP, Fraser PJ, Li S, Park S, Reimann S, Vollmer MK, Lunder C, Hermansen O, Schmidbauer N, Maione M, Arduini J, Young D, Simmonds PG. Reconciling reported and unreported HFC emissions with atmospheric observations. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:5927-31. [PMID: 25918401 PMCID: PMC4434701 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1420247112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We infer global and regional emissions of five of the most abundant hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) using atmospheric measurements from the Advanced Global Atmospheric Gases Experiment and the National Institute for Environmental Studies, Japan, networks. We find that the total CO2-equivalent emissions of the five HFCs from countries that are required to provide detailed, annual reports to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) increased from 198 (175-221) Tg-CO2-eq ⋅ y(-1) in 2007 to 275 (246-304) Tg-CO2-eq ⋅ y(-1) in 2012. These global warming potential-weighted aggregated emissions agree well with those reported to the UNFCCC throughout this period and indicate that the gap between reported emissions and global HFC emissions derived from atmospheric trends is almost entirely due to emissions from nonreporting countries. However, our measurement-based estimates of individual HFC species suggest that emissions, from reporting countries, of the most abundant HFC, HFC-134a, were only 79% (63-95%) of the UNFCCC inventory total, while other HFC emissions were significantly greater than the reported values. These results suggest that there are inaccuracies in the reporting methods for individual HFCs, which appear to cancel when aggregated together.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark F Lunt
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom;
| | - Matthew Rigby
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Anita L Ganesan
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ronald G Prinn
- Centre for Global Change Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Simon O'Doherty
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Jens Mühle
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Christina M Harth
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Peter K Salameh
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Tim Arnold
- Hadley Centre, Met Office, Exeter EX1 3PB, United Kingdom
| | - Ray F Weiss
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Takuya Saito
- Centre for Environmental Measurement and Analysis, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba 305-8506, Japan
| | - Yoko Yokouchi
- Centre for Environmental Measurement and Analysis, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba 305-8506, Japan
| | - Paul B Krummel
- Oceans & Atmosphere Flagship, Centre for Australian Weather and Climate Research, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Aspendale, VIC 3195, Australia
| | - L Paul Steele
- Oceans & Atmosphere Flagship, Centre for Australian Weather and Climate Research, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Aspendale, VIC 3195, Australia
| | - Paul J Fraser
- Oceans & Atmosphere Flagship, Centre for Australian Weather and Climate Research, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Aspendale, VIC 3195, Australia
| | | | - Sunyoung Park
- Department of Oceanography, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 742-711, Republic of Korea
| | - Stefan Reimann
- Laboratory for Air Pollution and Environmental Technology, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
| | - Martin K Vollmer
- Laboratory for Air Pollution and Environmental Technology, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
| | - Chris Lunder
- Norwegian Institute for Air Research, 2027 Kjeller, Norway
| | - Ove Hermansen
- Norwegian Institute for Air Research, 2027 Kjeller, Norway
| | | | - Michela Maione
- Department of Basic Science and Foundations, University of Urbino, Urbino 61029, Italy; and National Inter-University Consortium for Physics of the Atmosphere and Hydrosphere, Tolentino 62029, Italy
| | - Jgor Arduini
- Department of Basic Science and Foundations, University of Urbino, Urbino 61029, Italy; and National Inter-University Consortium for Physics of the Atmosphere and Hydrosphere, Tolentino 62029, Italy
| | - Dickon Young
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Peter G Simmonds
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
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10
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Küpper FC, Carpenter LJ, Leblanc C, Toyama C, Uchida Y, Maskrey BH, Robinson J, Verhaeghe EF, Malin G, Luther GW, Kroneck PMH, Kloareg B, Meyer-Klaucke W, Muramatsu Y, Megson IL, Potin P, Feiters MC. In vivo speciation studies and antioxidant properties of bromine in Laminaria digitata reinforce the significance of iodine accumulation for kelps. J Exp Bot 2013; 64:2653-64. [PMID: 23606364 PMCID: PMC3697951 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ert110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The metabolism of bromine in marine brown algae remains poorly understood. This contrasts with the recent finding that the accumulation of iodide in the brown alga Laminaria serves the provision of an inorganic antioxidant - the first case documented from a living system. The aim of this study was to use an interdisciplinary array of techniques to study the chemical speciation, transformation, and function of bromine in Laminaria and to investigate the link between bromine and iodine metabolism, in particular in the antioxidant context. First, bromine and iodine levels in different Laminaria tissues were compared by inductively coupled plasma MS. Using in vivo X-ray absorption spectroscopy, it was found that, similarly to iodine, bromine is predominantly present in this alga in the form of bromide, albeit at lower concentrations, and that it shows similar behaviour upon oxidative stress. However, from a thermodynamic and kinetic standpoint, supported by in vitro and reconstituted in vivo assays, bromide is less suitable than iodide as an antioxidant against most reactive oxygen species except superoxide, possibly explaining why kelps prefer to accumulate iodide. This constitutes the first-ever study exploring the potential antioxidant function of bromide in a living system and other potential physiological roles. Given the tissue-specific differences observed in the content and speciation of bromine, it is concluded that the bromide uptake mechanism is different from the vanadium iodoperoxidase-mediated uptake of iodide in L. digitata and that its function is likely to be complementary to the iodide antioxidant system for detoxifying superoxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frithjof C Küpper
- Oceanlab, University of Aberdeen, Main Street, Newburgh, AB41 6AA, Scotland, UK.
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