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Sebastian-Valles F, Arranz Martin JA, Martínez-Alfonso J, Jiménez-Díaz J, Hernando Alday I, Navas Moreno V, Armenta Joya T, Fandiño García MDM, Román Gómez GL, Garai Hierro J, Lander Lobariñas LE, Martinez de Icaya P, Sampedro-Nuñez MA, Martínez-Vizcaíno V, Marazuela M. Effect of Christmas Holidays on Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in Users of Glucose Flash Systems. Endocr Pract 2024; 30:372-379. [PMID: 38307457 DOI: 10.1016/j.eprac.2024.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Christmas holidays can impact weight and glycemic control in type 2 diabetes, but their effect on type 1 diabetes (T1D) remains understudied. This study assessed how Christmas holidays affect individuals with T1D who use flash continuous glucose monitoring systems. METHODS This retrospective study involved 812 adults diagnosed with T1D recruited from 3 hospitals. Clinical, anthropometric, and socioeconomic data were collected. Glucose metrics from 14 days before January 1st, and before December 1st and February 1st as control periods, were recorded. Analyses adjusted for multiple variables were conducted to assess the holiday season's impact on glycemic control. RESULTS The average time in range during the holidays (60.0 ± 17.2%) was lower compared to December (61.9 ± 17.2%, P < .001) and February (61.7 ± 17.7%, P < .001). Time above range (TAR > 180 mg/dL) was higher during Christmas (35.8 ± 18.2%) compared to December (34.1 ± 18.3%, P < .001) and February (34.2 ± 18.4%, P < .001). Differences were also observed in TAR >250 mg/dL, coefficient of variation, and average glucose (P < .05). No differences were found in time below range or other metrics. Linear regression models showed that the holidays reduced time in range by 1.9% (β = -1.92, P = .005) and increased TAR >180 mg/dL by 1.8% (β = 1.75, P = .016). CONCLUSION Christmas holidays are associated with a mild and reversible deterioration in glucose metrics among individuals with T1D using flash continuous glucose monitoring, irrespective of additional influencing factors. These discoveries can be useful to advise individuals with diabetes during the festive season and to recognize potential biases within studies conducted during this timeframe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Sebastian-Valles
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de La Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Jose A Arranz Martin
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de La Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julia Martínez-Alfonso
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Hospital La Princesa/Centro de Salud Daroca, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jessica Jiménez-Díaz
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Severo Ochoa, Leganés, Madrid, Spain
| | - Iñigo Hernando Alday
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Basurto, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Victor Navas Moreno
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de La Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Teresa Armenta Joya
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de La Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Gisela L Román Gómez
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Severo Ochoa, Leganés, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jon Garai Hierro
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Basurto, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Luis E Lander Lobariñas
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Severo Ochoa, Leganés, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Miguel A Sampedro-Nuñez
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de La Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Vicente Martínez-Vizcaíno
- Health and Social Care Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, Spain; Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca, Chile
| | - Mónica Marazuela
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de La Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Abdulan IM, Popescu G, Maștaleru A, Oancea A, Costache AD, Cojocaru DC, Cumpăt CM, Ciuntu BM, Rusu B, Leon MM. Winter Holidays and Their Impact on Eating Behavior-A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:4201. [PMID: 37836485 PMCID: PMC10574044 DOI: 10.3390/nu15194201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: There has been a growing interest in understanding the causes of obesity and developing effective prevention strategies. Lifestyle change programs are often considered the gold standard for weight reduction, and they can help individuals with obesity achieve an annual weight loss of around 8-10%. The aim of this review was to evaluate the effect of food during the winter holidays. This knowledge will serve as a valuable foundation for the development of targeted interventions and prevention programs. (2) Methods: We conducted a systematic search of the literature via one database (PubMed). The search was limited to studies published in English in the last 10 years, with adult participants, but without specifying limits regarding the study design. We excluded articles that addressed intermittent fasting diets or weight loss intervention methods during the holidays through various diets. (3) In separate sections, we analyzed the psychological causes of gaining weight during the winter holidays, behavioral patterns, prevention strategies and the nutritional composition of the different types of food served during the festive period. Results: Using the combination of the terms "holiday and obesity", "holiday and weight gain", "festive season and obesity", and "festive season and weight gain" we obtained 216 results involving the addressed topic. Thus, only ten articles remained after screening, with a total of 4627 participants. Most participants experienced weight fluctuations during the study period, particularly during holidays. One concerning observation was that most of the weight gained during these periods was maintained even after the end of the studies, especially in those with obesity. A supervised exercise program and a controlled diet at work over the Christmas period are effective strategies for avoiding weight gain and its deleterious effects in people with metabolic syndrome or weight problems. (4) In addition, attention must be focused on the psycho-social factors during the holidays because for some people it is a stressful period and can cause a much higher caloric consumption. The simplest method to approach during the holidays is to implement small tips and tricks during this period that will prevent individuals from gaining extra pounds. Conclusions: It is essential to acknowledge that obesity is a multifaceted condition that requires a comprehensive and multidisciplinary approach to address its underlying factors and provide ongoing assistance to individuals in their weight-management endeavors. Even the most effective short-term interventions are likely to produce continued positive outcomes with persistent intervention and support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Mihaela Abdulan
- Department of Medical Specialties I, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.M.A.); (A.D.C.); (D.-C.C.); (C.-M.C.); (M.M.L.)
- Clinical Rehabilitation Hospital, 700661 Iasi, Romania;
| | | | - Alexandra Maștaleru
- Department of Medical Specialties I, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.M.A.); (A.D.C.); (D.-C.C.); (C.-M.C.); (M.M.L.)
- Clinical Rehabilitation Hospital, 700661 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Andra Oancea
- Department of Medical Specialties I, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.M.A.); (A.D.C.); (D.-C.C.); (C.-M.C.); (M.M.L.)
- Clinical Rehabilitation Hospital, 700661 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Alexandru Dan Costache
- Department of Medical Specialties I, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.M.A.); (A.D.C.); (D.-C.C.); (C.-M.C.); (M.M.L.)
- Clinical Rehabilitation Hospital, 700661 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Doina-Clementina Cojocaru
- Department of Medical Specialties I, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.M.A.); (A.D.C.); (D.-C.C.); (C.-M.C.); (M.M.L.)
- Clinical Rehabilitation Hospital, 700661 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Carmen-Marinela Cumpăt
- Department of Medical Specialties I, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.M.A.); (A.D.C.); (D.-C.C.); (C.-M.C.); (M.M.L.)
- Clinical Rehabilitation Hospital, 700661 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Bogdan Mihnea Ciuntu
- Department of General Surgery, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Universitatii Street, No. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Bogdan Rusu
- Faculty of Industrial Design and Business Management, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iași, 700050 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Maria Magdalena Leon
- Department of Medical Specialties I, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.M.A.); (A.D.C.); (D.-C.C.); (C.-M.C.); (M.M.L.)
- Clinical Rehabilitation Hospital, 700661 Iasi, Romania;
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Laudanski K, Wain J, Pizzini MA. An In-Depth Analysis of Providers and Services of Cancellation in Anesthesia Reveals a Complex Picture after Systemic Analysis. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11030357. [PMID: 36766932 PMCID: PMC9914780 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11030357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The variances in operating room (OR) cancellation rates between different service lines and operators within these service lines were assessed by reviewing the electronic medical record (EMR) covering 34,561 cases performed by 199 OR operators in 2018. We assumed that cancellations would differ between different service lines, but the between-operators variance was minimal within the service line. We hypothesized that most variability would be secondary to patient-specific (weekdays, time of year, and national holidays), seasonal and administrative issues. Of 4165 case cancellations, the majority (73.1%) occurred before the patient arrived at the hospital. A total of 60% of all cancellations were within gastroenterology, interventional cardiology, and orthopedics. Cancellation rate variability between surgeons operating within the same service line greatly varied between services from very homogenous to very diverse across providers. The top reasons for cancellation were: date change, canceled by a patient, or "no show". The highest cancellation rates occurred on Mondays and Tuesdays, in January and September, and during weeks associated with national holidays. In summary, cancellation variability must be analyzed at the level of individual specialties, operators, and time variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Laudanski
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Care, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(815)-483-4779
| | - Justin Wain
- School of Osteopathic Medicine, Campbell University, Lillington, NC 27546, USA
| | - Mark-Alan Pizzini
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Heacock RM, Capodilupo ER, Czeisler MÉ, Weaver MD, Czeisler CA, Howard ME, Rajaratnam SMW. Sleep and Alcohol Use Patterns During Federal Holidays and Daylight Saving Time Transitions in the United States. Front Physiol 2022; 13:884154. [PMID: 35899022 PMCID: PMC9309397 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.884154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We conducted a retrospective observational study using remote wearable and mobile application data to evaluate whether US public holidays or Daylight Saving Time transitions were associated with significant changes in sleep behaviors, including sleep duration, sleep onset and offset, and the consistency of sleep timing, as well as changes in the point prevalence of alcohol use. These metrics were analyzed using objective, high resolution sleep-wake data (10,350,760 sleep episodes) and 5,777,008 survey responses of 24,250 US subscribers (74.5% male; mean age of 37.6 ± 9.8 years) to the wrist-worn biometric device platform, WHOOP (Boston, Massachusetts, United States), who were active users during 1 May 2020, through 1 May 2021. Compared to baseline, statistically significant differences in sleep and alcohol measures were found on most DST transitions, US public holidays, and their eves. For example, New Year's Eve corresponded with a sleep consistency decrease of 13.8 ± 0.3%, a sleep onset delay of 88.9 ± 3.2 min (00:01 vs. 22:33 baseline) later, a sleep offset delay of 78.1 ± 3.1 min (07:56 vs. 06:39), and an increase in the prevalence of alcohol consumption, with more than twice as many participants having reported alcohol consumption [+138.0% ± 6.7 (74.2% vs. 31.2%)] compared to baseline. In this analysis of a non-random sample of mostly male subscribers conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic, the majority of US public holidays and holiday eves were associated with sample-level increases in sleep duration, decreases in sleep consistency, later sleep onset and offset, and increases in the prevalence of alcohol consumption. Future work would be warranted to explore the generalizability of these findings and their public health implications, including in more representative samples and over longer time intervals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mark É. Czeisler
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health and School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia,Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States,Francis Weld Peabody Society, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Matthew D. Weaver
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health and School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States,Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Charles A. Czeisler
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health and School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States,Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Mark E. Howard
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health and School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia,Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Shantha M. W. Rajaratnam
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health and School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia,Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States,Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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Gallo A, Anselmi A, Locatelli F, Pedrazzoli E, Petrilli R, Marcon A. Weekend Mortality in an Italian Hospital: Immediate versus Delayed Bedside Critical Care Treatment. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:767. [PMID: 35055589 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19020767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background: a number of studies highlighted increased mortality associated with hospital admissions during weekends and holidays, the so–call “weekend effect”. In this retrospective study of mortality in an acute care public hospital in Italy between 2009 and 2015, we compared inpatient mortality before and after a major organizational change in 2012. The new model (Model 2) implied that the intensivist was available on call from outside the hospital during nighttime, weekends, and holidays. The previous model (Model 1) ensured the presence of the intensivist coordinating a Medical Emergency Team (MET) inside the hospital 24 h a day, 7 days a week. Methods: life status at discharge after 9298 and 8223 hospital admissions that occurred during two consecutive periods of 1185 days each (organizational Model 1 and 2), respectively, were classified into “discharged alive”, “deceased during nighttime–weekends–holidays” and “deceased during daytime-weekdays”. We estimated Relative Risk Ratios (RRR) for the associations between the organizational model and life status at discharge using multinomial logistic regression models adjusted for demographic and case-mix indicators, and timing of admission (nighttime–weekends–holidays vs. daytime-weekdays). Results: there were 802 and 840 deaths under Models 1 and 2, respectively. Total mortality was higher for hospital admissions under Model 2 compared to Model 1. Model 2 was associated with a significantly higher risk of death during nighttime–weekends–holidays (IRR: 1.38, 95% CI 1.20–1.59) compared to daytime–weekdays (RRR: 1.12, 95% CI 0.97–1.31) (p = 0.04). Respiratory diagnoses, in particular, acute and chronic respiratory failure (ICD 9 codes 510–519) were the leading causes of the mortality excess under Model 2. Conclusions: our data suggest that the immediate availability of an intensivist coordinating a MET 24 h, 7 days a week can result in a better prognosis of in-hospital emergencies compared to delayed consultation.
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Tobolowsky FA, Cui Z, Hoekstra RM, Bruce BB. Salmonella Serotypes Associated with Illnesses after Thanksgiving Holiday, United States, 1998-2018. Emerg Infect Dis 2022; 28:210-213. [PMID: 34932459 PMCID: PMC8714195 DOI: 10.3201/eid2801.211986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We sought to determine which Salmonella serotypes cause illness related to the Thanksgiving holiday in the United States and to foods disproportionately eaten then (e.g., turkey). Using routine surveillance for 1998-2018 and a case-crossover design, we found serotype Reading to be most strongly associated with Thanksgiving.
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Pelham BW, DeHart T, Shimizu M, Hardin CD, Han HA, von Hippel W. Identity Selection and the Social Construction of Birthdays. Front Psychol 2021; 12:693776. [PMID: 34764899 PMCID: PMC8575864 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.693776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We argue that rather than being a wholly random event, birthdays are sometimes selected by parents. We further argue that such effects have changed over time and are the result of important psychological processes. Long ago, U.S. American parents greatly overclaimed holidays as their children's birthdays. These effects were larger for more important holidays, and they grew smaller as births moved to hospitals and became officially documented. These effects were exaggerated for ethnic groups that deeply valued specific holidays. Parents also overclaimed well-liked calendar days and avoided disliked calendar days as their children's birthdays. However, after birthday selection effects virtually disappeared in the 1950s and 1960s, they reappeared after the emergence of labor induction and planned cesarean birth. For example, there are many fewer modern U.S. births than would be expected on Christmas Day. In addition, modern parents appear to use birth medicalization to avoid undesirable birthdays (Friday the 13th). We argue that basking in reflect glory, ethnic identity processes, and superstitions such as magical thinking all play a role in birthday selection effects. Discussion focuses on the power of social identity in day-to-day judgment and decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tracy DeHart
- Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Mitsuru Shimizu
- Department of Psychology, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Edwardsville, IL, United States
| | - Curtis D. Hardin
- Department of Psychology, Brooklyn College and Graduate Center, City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY, United States
| | - H. Anna Han
- National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - William von Hippel
- School of Psychology, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Boccia
- Section of Hygiene and Public Health, Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.,Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health - Public Health Area, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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Ramirez-Jimenez M, Morales-Palomo F, Ortega JF, Moreno-Cabañas A, Guio de Prada V, Alvarez-Jimenez L, Mora-Rodriguez R. Effects of Exercise Training during Christmas on Body Weight and Cardiometabolic Health in Overweight Individuals. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:ijerph17134732. [PMID: 32630214 PMCID: PMC7369896 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17134732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Individuals with abdominal obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) have augmented risk of all-cause mortality. Lifestyle interventions are effective to treat MetS, however, there are periods during the year in which exercise programs are discontinued and improper dietary habits reappear (e.g., Christmas holidays). We aimed to analyze if exercise-training during Christmas holidays would avoid body-weight gains and cardiometabolic deterioration in MetS individuals, using a randomized control trial. Thirty-eight men with MetS undergoing exercise training were randomly allocated to either continue (TRAIN group, n = 16) or discontinue (HOLID group, n = 22) training, during the three weeks of Christmas. Anthropometrics (body weight, fat, and waist circumference), fasting blood metabolites (glucose, insulin, triglycerides, and cholesterol concentrations) and exercise maximal fat oxidation (FOMAX) and oxygen uptake (VO2PEAK) were determined before and after Christmas. Both groups were similar at baseline in all parameters (p > 0.05). HOLID group increased body weight (91.3 ± 13.0 to 92.0 ± 13.4 kg, p = 0.004), mean arterial pressure (94.0 ± 10.6 to 97.1 ± 8.9 mmHg, p = 0.026), blood insulin (10.2 ± 3.8 to 12.5 ± 5.4 µIU·mL−1, p = 0.003) and HOMA (3.2 ± 1.3 to 4.1 ± 2.3, p = 0.003). In contrast, TRAIN prevented those disarrangements and reduced total (170.6 ± 30.6 to 161.3 ± 31.3 mg·dL−1, p = 0.026) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (i.e., LDL-C, 104.8 ± 26.1 to 95.6 ± 21.7 mg·dL−1, p = 0.013). TRAIN also prevented the reductions in exercise FOMAX and VO2PEAK that was observed in the HOLID group (p = 0.002). In conclusion, exercise training during Christmas, prevents body weight gains and the associated cardiovascular (increase in blood pressure and LDL-C) and metabolic (reduced insulin sensitivity) health risks are an optimal non-pharmacological therapy for that period of the year.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Ramirez-Jimenez
- Exercise Physiology Lab at Toledo, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain; (M.R.-J.); (F.M.-P.); (J.F.O.); (A.M.-C.); (V.G.d.P.); (L.A.-J.)
| | - Felix Morales-Palomo
- Exercise Physiology Lab at Toledo, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain; (M.R.-J.); (F.M.-P.); (J.F.O.); (A.M.-C.); (V.G.d.P.); (L.A.-J.)
| | - Juan Fernando Ortega
- Exercise Physiology Lab at Toledo, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain; (M.R.-J.); (F.M.-P.); (J.F.O.); (A.M.-C.); (V.G.d.P.); (L.A.-J.)
| | - Alfonso Moreno-Cabañas
- Exercise Physiology Lab at Toledo, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain; (M.R.-J.); (F.M.-P.); (J.F.O.); (A.M.-C.); (V.G.d.P.); (L.A.-J.)
| | - Valle Guio de Prada
- Exercise Physiology Lab at Toledo, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain; (M.R.-J.); (F.M.-P.); (J.F.O.); (A.M.-C.); (V.G.d.P.); (L.A.-J.)
- Sports Medicine Center, Diputacion de Toledo, 45002 Toledo, Spain
| | - Laura Alvarez-Jimenez
- Exercise Physiology Lab at Toledo, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain; (M.R.-J.); (F.M.-P.); (J.F.O.); (A.M.-C.); (V.G.d.P.); (L.A.-J.)
| | - Ricardo Mora-Rodriguez
- Exercise Physiology Lab at Toledo, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain; (M.R.-J.); (F.M.-P.); (J.F.O.); (A.M.-C.); (V.G.d.P.); (L.A.-J.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-925-268-800
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Hinsenveld WH, de Ridder IR, van Oostenbrugge RJ, Vos JA, Groot AE, Coutinho JM, Lycklama À Nijeholt GJ, Boiten J, Schonewille WJ. Workflow Intervals of Endovascular Acute Stroke Therapy During On- Versus Off-Hours: The MR CLEAN Registry. Stroke 2019; 50:2842-2850. [PMID: 31869287 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.119.025381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background and Purpose- Endovascular treatment (EVT) of patients with acute ischemic stroke because of large vessel occlusion involves complicated logistics, which may cause a delay in treatment initiation during off-hours. This might lead to a worse functional outcome. We compared workflow intervals between endovascular treatment-treated patients presenting during off- and on-hours. Methods- We retrospectively analyzed data from the MR CLEAN Registry, a prospective, multicenter, observational study in the Netherlands and included patients with an anterior circulation large vessel occlusion who presented between March 2014 and June 2016. Off-hours were defined as presentation on Monday to Friday between 17:00 and 08:00 hours, weekends (Friday 17:00 to Monday 8:00) and national holidays. Primary end point was first door to groin time. Secondary end points were functional outcome at 90 days (modified Rankin Scale) and workflow time intervals. We stratified for transfer status, adjusted for prognostic factors, and used linear and ordinal regression models. Results- We included 1488 patients of which 936 (62.9%) presented during off-hours. Median first door to groin time was 140 minutes (95% CI, 110-182) during off-hours and 121 minutes (95% CI, 85-157) during on-hours. Adjusted first door to groin time was 14.6 minutes (95% CI, 9.3-20.0) longer during off-hours. Door to needle times for intravenous therapy were slightly longer (3.5 minutes, 95% CI, 0.7-6.3) during off-hours. Groin puncture to reperfusion times did not differ between groups. For transferred patients, the delay within the intervention center was 5.0 minutes (95% CI, 0.5-9.6) longer. There was no significant difference in functional outcome between patients presenting during off- and on-hours (adjusted odds ratio, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.74-1.14). Reperfusion rates and complication rates were similar. Conclusions- Presentation during off-hours is associated with a slight delay in start of endovascular treatment in patients with acute ischemic stroke. This treatment delay did not translate into worse functional outcome or increased complication rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wouter H Hinsenveld
- From the Department of Neurology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Center, the Netherlands (W.H.H., I.R.d.R., R.J.v.O.)
| | - Inger R de Ridder
- From the Department of Neurology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Center, the Netherlands (W.H.H., I.R.d.R., R.J.v.O.)
| | - Robert J van Oostenbrugge
- From the Department of Neurology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Center, the Netherlands (W.H.H., I.R.d.R., R.J.v.O.)
| | - Jan A Vos
- Department of Radiology (J.A.V.), St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, the Netherlands
| | - Adrien E Groot
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands (A.E.G., J.M.C.)
| | - Jonathan M Coutinho
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands (A.E.G., J.M.C.)
| | - Geert J Lycklama À Nijeholt
- Department of Neurology and Radiology, Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands (G.J.L.à.N., J.B.)
| | - Jelis Boiten
- Department of Neurology and Radiology, Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands (G.J.L.à.N., J.B.)
| | - Wouter J Schonewille
- Department of Neurology (W.J.S.), St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, the Netherlands
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11
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES Many sedentary individuals are aware of the health benefits of regular physical activity and start becoming more physically active. Yet, despite good intentions, many struggle to keep up initial exercise levels and experience a decline in exercise frequency. A possible explanation is that it is hard to establish habits or routines, and that such routines-once established-might be easy to break. In this paper, we analyse whether a break in habitual/routine behaviour-induced by the Easter holidays-results in individuals exercising less after the break. METHODS The study included a sample of 1210 members of a Danish chain of fitness centres who were gym members at least since the preceding New Year's Day. Participants granted access to gym attendance data, which were automatically recorded when entering the gym. We use a regression discontinuity design encompassing a time period of 10 weeks prior to and 10 weeks after Easter. RESULTS We found a significant and relevant discretionary drop in exercise frequency right after the Easter holidays of 0.24 times per week (p=0.001) corresponding to a fall of 12.25% compared with the week prior to the Easter holidays. The effect was especially profound for individuals below retirement age and for individuals who had attended the gym with a higher frequency (twice a week or more) in the 6 weeks prior to the Easter break. DISCUSSION This information is potentially relevant for helping individuals maintain an exercise habit. Motivational support should focus on the time period after normative breaks, such as Easter or other holidays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eskild Klausen Fredslund
- Department of Public Health, Syddansk Universitet Det Sundhedsvidenskabelige Fakultet, Odense, Denmark
- VIVE - The Danish Center for Social Science Research, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anja Leppin
- Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg, Denmark
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12
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Diffey BL. Time and Place as Modifiers of Personal UV Exposure. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2018; 15:ijerph15061112. [PMID: 29848972 PMCID: PMC6025391 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15061112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
It is a common belief that, if we want to limit our sun exposure during outdoor recreational activities and holidays in order to avoid sunburn or reduce our risk of skin cancer, we need to reach for the bottle of sunscreen or cover up with clothing. As important as these measures are, there is another way to enjoy our time outdoors and still benefit from the experience. In this article, we consider the impact of time, place, and behaviour outdoors on our exposure to solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Some of the simple actions we can take in controlling our UV exposure include being aware of the position of the sun in the sky, understanding how we can use the UV index to guide our outdoor exposure, and the importance of reducing our sun exposure around the middle of the day. Finally we review our preferred holiday activities and destinations, and the influence of outdoor leisure pursuits. By planning where and when we spend our leisure time in the sun, we can maximise our enjoyment whilst limiting our UV exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian L Diffey
- Dermatological Sciences, Institute of Cellular Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle NE2 4HH, UK.
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13
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have investigated the impact of the Christmas and New Year holiday on suicide rates. However, no such data has yet been published on Swedish suicides. AIMS To examine the occurrence of suicides on these dates in Sweden between 2006 and 2015. METHODS The suicide count for each date between December 15th and January 15th was obtained from the Swedish cause of death registry. The observations were transformed to Z-scores to enable calculation of p-values. RESULTS A small but non-significant decrease in suicides was observed on Christmas and New Year's Eve. A significant spike was found on New Year's Day (NYD) (Z = 3.40; p < .001), and these excess suicide occurred mainly among men aged 15-24 and 45-64. However, the number of suicides were somewhat lower than expected on the 31st of December (Z = -1.58; p = .115). DISCUSSION The noted increase in suicide on NYD is in line with previous research from other countries. However, the decrease in suicides on the day before NYD suggests a delay rather than a spontaneous increase of suicides. Possible mechanisms to explain this phenomenon are discussed, such as the "broken promise effect", increased alcohol consumption, or lower help-seeking and accessibility to care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gergö Hadlaczky
- a Department of Learning, Informatics, Management and Ethics, Karolinska Institutet , National Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention of Mental Ill-Health, Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Sebastian Hökby
- b Department of Psychology , Stockholm University, Stockholm , Sweden
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14
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Zhong Q, Jiang R, Zheng X, Xu G, Fan X, Xu Y, Liu F, Peng C, Ren W, Wang L. Esophageal foreign body ingestion in adults on weekdays and holidays: A retrospective study of 1058 patients. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e8409. [PMID: 29069038 PMCID: PMC5671871 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000008409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to compare the clinicopathological characteristics and outcomes of esophageal foreign body (FB) ingestion in adults between weekdays and holidays. This is a retrospective study including 1058 patients with esophageal FB ingestion from 2012 to 2016. Patient characteristics, the types and locations of FB, and clinical outcomes were compared between patients on weekdays and holidays. Furthermore, independent risk factors of complication on weekdays and holidays respectively were evaluated. The locations of FB, underlying diseases, and complications significantly differed between weekdays and holidays groups, while no difference was found in the types of FB. Patients got higher percentage of erosion complication on holidays than that on weekdays (60.8% vs 47.6%, P < .0001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that jujube shell was a significant predictor of complication on weekdays (P < .001). However, complication was significantly associated with nonfood bolus FB ingestion on holidays (P < .001). Our data suggest that there were different clinicopathological characteristics of FB ingestion between weekdays and holidays, and more patients got complications on holidays. On holidays, a latex protector hood or an overtube should be applied to patients who swallowed nonfood bolus in order to reduce esophageal mucosal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhong
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School
| | - Ruiwei Jiang
- The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Xi Zheng
- Salem Health Medical Group, Salem, OR
| | - Guifang Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School
| | - Xiuqin Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School
| | - Yuanyuan Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School
| | - Chunyan Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School
| | - Wei Ren
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School
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15
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Abstract
This study characterizes the epidemiology of nonfatal pediatric firework-related injuries in the United States among children and adolescents by analyzing data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System from 1990 through 2014. During this 25-year period, an estimated 136 991 (95% CI = 113 574-160 408) children <20 years old were treated in US emergency departments for firework-related injuries. The annual injury rate decreased significantly by 30.4% during this period. Most of those injured were male (75.7%), mean patient age was 10.6 years, and 7.6% required hospital admission. The hands (30.0%) were the most commonly injured body region, followed by head and neck (22.2%), and eyes (21.5%). Sixty percent of injuries were burns. Injuries were most commonly associated with firecrackers (26.2%), aerial devices (16.3%), and sparklers (14.3%). Consumer fireworks pose a serious injury risk to pediatric users and bystanders, and families should be encouraged to attend public firework displays rather than use consumer fireworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael M Billock
- 1 Center for Injury Research and Policy, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA.,2 University of North Carolina Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Thiphalak Chounthirath
- 1 Center for Injury Research and Policy, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Gary A Smith
- 1 Center for Injury Research and Policy, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA.,3 Child Injury Prevention Alliance, Columbus, OH, USA.,4 The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
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16
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Ajdacic-Gross V, Tran US, Bopp M, Sonneck G, Niederkrotenthaler T, Kapusta ND, Rössler W, Seifritz E, Voracek M. Understanding weekly cycles in suicide: an analysis of Austrian and Swiss data over 40 years. Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci 2015; 24:315-21. [PMID: 24759304 DOI: 10.1017/S2045796014000195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Seasonal as well as weekly cycles in suicide have been described, replicated and poorly understood for a long time. In Western countries, suicides are typically least frequent on weekends and most frequent on Mondays and Tuesdays. To improve understanding of this phenomenon a strategy is required which focuses on anomalous findings beyond the regular patterns. Here, we focused on instances where the weekly suicide patterns disappear or are interrupted. METHODS We used data from Swiss and Austrian mortality statistics for the periods 1969-2010 and 1970-2010, respectively. First, the data were cross-tabulated by days of the week and the available socio-demographic information (sex, age, religious affiliation and region). Second, time series of cumulated daily frequencies of suicide were analysed by seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) models which included intervention effects accounting for Easter and Pentecost (Whit) holidays. RESULTS First, the cross tabulations showed that weekly cycles may be smoothed above all in young persons and smoothed in drowning, jumping and car gas exhaustion suicides. Second, the ARIMA analyses displayed occasional preventive effects for holidays Saturdays and Sundays, and more systematic effects for holiday Mondays. There were no after effects on Tuesdays following holiday Mondays. CONCLUSIONS In general, the weekend dip and the Monday backlog effect in suicide show striking similarities to the Advent season effect and are interpretable within the same template. The turning points between low and high frequencies possibly provide promising frames for the timing of prevention activities.
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17
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Bellis MA, Hughes K, Jones L, Morleo M, Nicholls J, McCoy E, Webster J, Sumnall H. Holidays, celebrations, and commiserations: measuring drinking during feasting and fasting to improve national and individual estimates of alcohol consumption. BMC Med 2015; 13:113. [PMID: 25998218 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-015-0337-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accurate measures of alcohol consumption are critical in assessing health harms caused by alcohol. In many countries, there are large discrepancies between survey-based measures of consumption and those based on alcohol sales. In England, surveys measuring typical alcohol consumption account for only around 60% of alcohol sold. Here, using a national survey, we measure both typical drinking and atypical/special occasion drinking (i.e., feasting and fasting) in order to develop more complete measures of alcohol consumption. METHODS A national random probability telephone survey was implemented (May 2013 to April 2014). Inclusion criteria were resident in England and aged 16 years or over. Respondents (n = 6,085) provided information on typical drinking (amounts per day, drinking frequency) and changes in consumption associated with routine atypical days (e.g., Friday nights) and special dinking periods (e.g., holidays) and events (e.g., weddings). Generalized linear modelling was used to identify additional alcohol consumption associated with atypical/special occasion drinking by age, sex, and typical drinking level. RESULTS Accounting for atypical/special occasion drinking added more than 120 million UK units of alcohol/week (~12 million bottles of wine) to population alcohol consumption in England. The greatest impact was seen among 25- to 34-year-olds with the highest typical consumption, where atypical/special occasions added approximately 18 units/week (144 g) for both sexes. Those reporting the lowest typical consumption (≤1 unit/week) showed large relative increases in consumption (209.3%) with most drinking associated with special occasions. In some demographics, adjusting for special occasions resulted in overall reductions in annual consumption (e.g., females, 65 to 74 years in the highest typical drinking category). CONCLUSIONS Typical drinking alone can be a poor proxy for actual alcohol consumption. Accounting for atypical/special occasion drinking fills 41.6% of the gap between surveyed consumption and national sales in England. These additional units are inevitably linked to increases in lifetime risk of alcohol-related disease and injury, particularly as special occasions often constitute heavy drinking episodes. Better population measures of celebratory, festival, and holiday drinking are required in national surveys in order to adequately measure both alcohol consumption and the health harms associated with special occasion drinking.
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18
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Qvarnström A, Oscarsson MG. Experiences of and attitudes towards HIV/STI prevention among holidaymaking men who have sex with men living in Sweden: a cross-sectional Internet survey. Scand J Public Health 2015; 43:490-6. [PMID: 25834067 DOI: 10.1177/1403494815578320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
AIM Foreign travellers and men who have sex with men (MSM) are prioritised groups for human immunodeficiency virus/sexually transmitted infection (HIV/STI) prevention efforts in Sweden because of high prevalence of sexual risk-taking. This study aims to describe experiences of and attitudes towards HIV/STI prevention efforts, prior to travelling abroad, among MSM, and to investigate the kinds of prevention efforts that are desirable. METHODS The study is based on survey responses from 656 MSM who had travelled abroad. Recruitment took place through a Nordic website, and had a cross-sectional design. The analysis has mainly been descriptive, but bivariate analyses were performed using the chi-square test. The level of significance was p <.05. RESULTS Only a few of the participants had encountered HIV/STI prevention efforts in Sweden (5%) and abroad (23%), and a majority (58%) felt that it should be more prevalent. Having free access to condoms and lubricants was preferred among 68% of the men. Furthermore, having written information, as opposed to oral, was also preferred (68% vs. 26%). MSM felt that it was easy to find out information (79%) and claimed they would use the Internet to do so (87%). CONCLUSIONS Service providers who offer their services to travellers are encouraged to provide helpful links to information about sexual health. Information that is geared towards risk groups such as young adults should be presented with awareness that MSM are also part of that group. It is important for information to be conveyed respectfully to everyone, but perhaps MSM in particular, since they may have experienced feelings of being stigmatised or discriminated against previously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Qvarnström
- Department of Health and Caring Sciences, Linnaeus University, Sweden
| | - Marie G Oscarsson
- Department of Health and Caring Sciences, Linnaeus University, Sweden
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