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Rosa-Caldwell ME, Brown JL, Perry RA, Shimkus KL, Shirazi-Fard Y, Brown LA, Hogan HA, Fluckey JD, Washington TA, Wiggs MP, Greene NP. Regulation of mitochondrial quality following repeated bouts of hindlimb unloading. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2019; 45:264-274. [PMID: 31340136 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2019-0218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Muscle disuse impairs muscle quality and is associated with increased mortality. Little is known regarding additive effects of multiple bouts of disuse, which is a common occurrence in patients experiencing multiple surgeries. Mitochondrial quality is vital to muscle health and quality; however, to date mitochondrial quality control has not been investigated following multiple bouts of disuse. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate mitochondrial quality controllers during multiple bouts of disuse by hindlimb unloading. Male rats (n ∼ 8/group) were assigned to the following groups: hindlimb unloading for 28 days, hindlimb unloading with 56 days of reloading, 2 bouts of hindlimb unloading separated by a recovery phase of 56 days of reloading, 2 bouts of hindlimb unloading and recovery after each disuse, or control animals with no unloading. At designated time points, tissues were collected for messenger RNA and protein analysis of mitochondrial quality. Measures of mitochondrial biogenesis, such as proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha, decreased 30%-40% with unloading with no differences noted between unloading conditions. Measures of mitochondrial translation were 40%-50% lower in unloading conditions, with no differences noted between bouts of unloading. Measures of mitophagy were 40%-50% lower with reloading, with no differences noted between reloading conditions. In conclusion, disuse causes alterations in measures of mitochondrial quality; however, multiple bouts of disuse does not appear to have additive effects. Novelty Disuse atrophy causes multiple alterations to mitochondrial quality control. With sufficient recovery most detriments to mitochondrial quality control are fixed. In general, multiple bouts of disuse do not produce additive effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan E Rosa-Caldwell
- Integrative Muscle Metabolism Laboratory, Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | - Jacob L Brown
- Integrative Muscle Metabolism Laboratory, Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | - Richard A Perry
- Exercise Muscle Biology Laboratory, Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | - Kevin L Shimkus
- Muscle Biology Laboratory, Department of Health & Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Yasaman Shirazi-Fard
- Bone Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Lemuel A Brown
- Exercise Muscle Biology Laboratory, Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | - Harry A Hogan
- Bone Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - James D Fluckey
- Muscle Biology Laboratory, Department of Health & Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Tyrone A Washington
- Exercise Muscle Biology Laboratory, Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | - Michael P Wiggs
- Integrated Physiology and Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Health and Kinesiology, University of Texas at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75799, USA
| | - Nicholas P Greene
- Integrative Muscle Metabolism Laboratory, Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA.,Exercise Muscle Biology Laboratory, Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
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Many GM, Kendrick Z, Deschamps CL, Sprouse C, Tosi LL, Devaney JM, Gordish-Dressman H, Barfield W, Hoffman EP, Houmard JA, Pescatello LS, Vogel HJ, Shearer J, Hittel DS. Genetic characterization of physical activity behaviours in university students enrolled in kinesiology degree programs. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2016; 42:278-284. [PMID: 28177749 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2016-0441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Studies of physical activity behaviours have increasingly shown the importance of heritable factors such as genetic variation. Nonsynonymous polymorphisms of alpha-actinin 3 (ACTN3) and the β-adrenergic receptors 1 and 3 (ADRB1 and ADRB3) have been previously associated with exercise capacity and cardiometabolic health. We thus hypothesized that these polymorphisms are also related to physical activity behaviours in young adults. To test this hypothesis we examined relationships between ACTN3 (R577X), ARDB1 (Arg389Gly), ADRB3 (Trp64Arg), and physical activity behaviours in university students. We stratified for student enrollment in kinesiology degree programs compared with nonmajors as we previously found this to be a predictor of physical activity. We did not identify novel associations between physical activity and ACTN3. However, the minor alleles of ADRB1 and ADRB3 were significantly underrepresented in kinesiology students compared with nonmajors. Furthermore, carriers of the ADRB1 minor allele reported reduced participation in moderate physical activity and increased afternoon fatigue compared with ancestral allele homozygotes. Together, these findings suggest that the heritability of physical activity behaviours in young adults may be linked to nonsynonymous polymorphisms within β-adrenergic receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina M Many
- a Genetic Medicine, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA.,f Departments of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Zachary Kendrick
- a Genetic Medicine, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Courtney Sprouse
- a Genetic Medicine, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Laura L Tosi
- a Genetic Medicine, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Joseph M Devaney
- a Genetic Medicine, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Whitney Barfield
- a Genetic Medicine, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Eric P Hoffman
- a Genetic Medicine, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Joseph A Houmard
- c Department of Kinesiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | | | - Hans J Vogel
- e Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jane Shearer
- b Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,e Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Dustin S Hittel
- e Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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