Zigová M, Miškufová V, Budovská M, Michalková R, Mojžiš J. Exploring the Antiproliferative and Modulatory Effects of 1-Methoxyisobrassinin on Ovarian Cancer Cells: Insights into Cell Cycle Regulation, Apoptosis, Autophagy, and Its Interactions with NAC.
Molecules 2024;
29:1773. [PMID:
38675591 PMCID:
PMC11052400 DOI:
10.3390/molecules29081773]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer, a highly lethal malignancy among reproductive organ cancers, poses a significant challenge with its high mortality rate, particularly in advanced-stage cases resistant to platinum-based chemotherapy. This study explores the potential therapeutic efficacy of 1-methoxyisobrassinin (MB-591), a derivative of indole phytoalexins found in Cruciferae family plants, on both cisplatin-sensitive (A2780) and cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cells (A2780 cis). The findings reveal that MB-591 exhibits an antiproliferative effect on both cell lines, with significantly increased potency against cisplatin-sensitive cells. The substance induces alterations in the distribution of the cell cycle, particularly in the S and G2/M phases, accompanied by changes in key regulatory proteins. Moreover, MB-591 triggers apoptosis in both cell lines, involving caspase-9 cleavage, PARP cleavage induction, and DNA damage, accompanied by the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial dysfunction. Notably, the substance selectively induces autophagy in cisplatin-resistant cells, suggesting potential targeted therapeutic applications. The study further explores the interplay between MB-591 and antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC), in modulating cellular processes. NAC demonstrates a protective effect against MB-591-induced cytotoxicity, affecting cell cycle distribution and apoptosis-related proteins. Additionally, NAC exhibits inhibitory effects on autophagy initiation in cisplatin-resistant cells, suggesting its potential role in overcoming resistance mechanisms.
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