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Bowman LR, McDougall C, D'Alessandro D, Campbell J, Curran CJ. The creation and implementation of an employment participation pathway model for youth with disabilities. Disabil Rehabil 2023; 45:4156-4164. [PMID: 36325596 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2022.2140846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Employment participation offers benefits including income, sense of accomplishment, social engagement, and meaningful contribution to society. Rates of competitive employment of youth with disabilities are amongst the lowest in society, despite having capacity and motivation to participate in the workplace. The marginalization of young workers with disability presents a lost opportunity for youth, potential employers, and social care systems. In order to engage young people with disabilities in employment, we present an integrated, community-based model for employment participation preparation. MATERIALS AND METHODS The employment participation pathway model is based on best available evidence and 15 years of program delivery for youth with disabilities preparing to transition out of school and into employment in the Canadian context. It was conceptualized using the Knowledge to Action framework and presented for consideration in the current paper. RESULTS Starting early, taking a person-directed approach to planning, and considering the individual and our systems contribute to effective and comprehensive transition to employment. CONCLUSIONS The employment participation model provides evidence and examples for service providers to consider integrating into their repertoire and begin to construct similar pathways to equip their clients and families with skills, capacities, and knowledge as they journey towards workplace participation.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONEmployment for individuals with disabilities is lower than the national average, with rates being even lower for young people (ages 15-25) with disabilities.Low workplace participation for individuals with disabilities is particularly troubling due to the myriad social and health benefits of engagement in employment.Programs that start early (during high school) and provide ongoing, community-integrated support are reported to be most beneficial to the eventual job attainment and retention for young job seekers with disabilities.The presented employment participation pathway model that was developed using the Knowledge to Action Framework integrates evidence and best practices to support service providers in facilitating progressive workplace participation for clients and families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura R Bowman
- Transitions Team, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Carolyn McDougall
- Transitions Team, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Danielle D'Alessandro
- Transitions Team, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - C J Curran
- Transitions Team, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, Canada
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Carminati JYJ, Ponsford JL, Gould KR. "This group… I felt like I was medicating myself from this cyberscam illness that was living with me." A qualitative evaluation of co-designing cybersafety training resources with and for people with acquired brain injury. Disabil Rehabil 2023; 45:3719-3729. [PMID: 36342759 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2022.2139418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Whilst anyone can be scammed, individuals with acquired brain injury (ABI) may have unique risk factors to cyberscams for which tailored interventions are required. To address this, a co-design approach was utilised to develop cybersafety resources with people with living experience of ABI and scams. This study aimed to evaluate the co-design experience to inform future utilisation of co-design methods. METHOD Semi-structured qualitative interviews explored perceived benefits and challenges, level of support and the co-design process for people with ABI (n= 7) and an attendant care worker (ACW) (n= 1). Transcripts were analysed using a six-stage reflexive thematic analysis. RESULTS Five themes were identified: "An Intervention Addressing Shame"; "Feeling Validated and Valued"; "Experiencing a 'Profound Change Amongst a Group of Peers'"; 'Gaining Stronger Scam Awareness'; and 'Taking Ownership'. Adjustments to support communication, memory impairments and fatigue in the co-design process were recommended. CONCLUSIONS Participant reflections on the co-design process extended beyond resource design and highlighted therapeutic benefits of increased insight and emotional recovery from shame. Likely mechanisms underpinning these benefits were the peer group format and opportunities to make meaningful contributions. Despite identified challenges in facilitating co-design projects, the practical and emotional benefits reported by participants underscore the value of co-design with people with ABI. Implications for rehabilitationIndividuals with acquired brain injury (ABI) may be at increased risk of cyberscams due to cognitive impairments, for which tailored cyberscam interventions are required.Using a co-design approach maximises the relevance of training resources for individuals with ABI.Using a collaborative co-design approach to developing cybersafety training resources may facilitate scam awareness and peer support.Support for communication, memory impairments and fatigue may be necessary in co-design efforts with people with ABI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jao-Yue J Carminati
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
- Monash-Epworth Rehabilitation Research Centre, Epworth Healthcare, Richmond, Australia
| | - Jennie L Ponsford
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
- Monash-Epworth Rehabilitation Research Centre, Epworth Healthcare, Richmond, Australia
| | - Kate Rachel Gould
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
- Monash-Epworth Rehabilitation Research Centre, Epworth Healthcare, Richmond, Australia
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3
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Elliott J, Stolee P, Mairs K, Kothari A, Conklin J. A Community of Practice on Environmental Design for Long-Term Care Residents with Dementia. Can J Aging 2023; 42:404-415. [PMID: 36799024 DOI: 10.1017/s0714980823000028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of communities of practice (CoP) to support the application of knowledge in improved geriatric care practice is not widely understood. This case study's aim was to gain a deeper understanding of the knowledge-to-action (KTA) processes of a CoP focused on environmental design, to improve how persons with dementia find their way around in long-term care (LTC) homes. Qualitative data were collected (key informant interviews, observations, and document review), and analysed using emergent coding. CoP members contributed extensive knowledge to the KTA process characterized by the following themes: team dynamics, employing a structured process, technology use, varied forms of knowledge, and a clear initiative. The study's CoP effectively synthesized and translated knowledge into practical tools to inform changes in practice, programs, and policy on dementia care. More research is needed on how to involve patients and caregivers in the KTA processes, and to ensure that practical application of knowledge has financial and policy support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacobi Elliott
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Canada
- School of Health Studies, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Paul Stolee
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Katie Mairs
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Anita Kothari
- School of Health Studies, Western University, London, Canada
| | - James Conklin
- Department of Applied Human Sciences, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada
- Bruyère Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Côté J, Coletti J, McGuire CS, Erickson K, Saizew K, Maw A, Primeau C, Wolff M, Ladd B, Martin LJ. A Proof-of-Concept Evaluation of the 1616 Story-Based Positive Youth Development Program. Children (Basel) 2023; 10:children10050799. [PMID: 37238347 DOI: 10.3390/children10050799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The 1616 Program is a newly developed and evidence-informed story-based positive youth development (PYD) program for young ice hockey players (10-12 years of age) in North America. The program uses elite ice hockey players as role models-through story-telling-to serve as inspirational figures to engage youth athletes and important social agents (i.e., parents, coaches) with evidence-informed PYD concepts. The objective of this study was to use a Proof-of-Concept evaluation to assess whether the 1616 Program 'worked' in enhancing PYD outcomes and to determine if the concepts were engaging and enjoyable for youth, their parents, and coaches. The 5 week Proof-of-Concept evaluation was conducted with 11 ice hockey teams (n = 160 youths, 93 parents, and 11 coaches), encompassing both qualitative (e.g., focus groups) and quantitative (e.g., retrospective pretest-posttest questionnaires) processes and outcome assessments. Results showed that the program was well received by participants and positively impacted the intended outcomes. Overall, the data presented in this Proof-of-Concept evaluation was deemed to support the development and implementation of the full-scale 1616 Program for a more comprehensive evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Côté
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Jennifer Coletti
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Cailie S McGuire
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Karl Erickson
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Kelsey Saizew
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Alex Maw
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | | | | | - Brandy Ladd
- Ladd Foundation, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Luc J Martin
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
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Carr Kelman C, Barton CJ, Whitman K, Lhoest S, Anderson DM, Gerber LR. Five approaches to producing actionable science in conservation. Conserv Biol 2023; 37:e14039. [PMID: 36511152 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.14039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The knowledge produced by conservation scientists must be actionable in order to address urgent conservation challenges. To understand the process of creating actionable science, we interviewed 71 conservation scientists who had participated in 1 of 3 fellowship programs focused on training scientists to become agents of change. Using a grounded theory approach, we identified 16 activities that these researchers employed to make their scientific products more actionable. Some activities were more common than others and, arguably, more foundational. We organized these activities into 3 nested categories (motivations, strategies, and tactics). Using a co-occurrence matrix, we found that most activities were positively correlated. These correlations allowed us to identify 5 approaches, framed as profiles, to actionable science: the discloser, focused on open access; the educator, focused on science communication; the networker, focused on user needs and building relationships; the collaborator, focused on boundary spanning; and the pluralist, focused on knowledge coproduction resulting in valuable outcomes for all parties. These profiles build on one another in a hierarchy determined by their complexity and level of engagement, their potential to support actionable science, and their proximity to ideal coproduction with knowledge users. Our results provide clear guidance for conservation scientists to generate actionable science to address the global biodiversity conservation challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candice Carr Kelman
- Center for Biodiversity Outcomes, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
- School of Sustainability, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - Chris J Barton
- Center for Biodiversity Outcomes, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
- School for the Future of Innovation in Society, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - Kyle Whitman
- Office of University Affairs, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - Simon Lhoest
- Center for Biodiversity Outcomes, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
- Forest is Life, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Derrick M Anderson
- Center for Biodiversity Outcomes, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
- ASU School of Public Affairs, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Leah R Gerber
- Center for Biodiversity Outcomes, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
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Utunen H, Ndiaye N, Zhao U, George R, Attias M, Gamhewage G. Serving Health Emergency Responders Through Online Learning - Findings from OpenWHO's Global User Metrics. Stud Health Technol Inform 2020; 270:1387-1388. [PMID: 32570672 DOI: 10.3233/shti200455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This poster presents some preliminary findings of the OpenWHO.org platform's global use trends, in terms of the geographical distribution and occupational characteristics of its users. Assessment of user profiles is essential to measure the platform's impact, most notably related to the attainment of its core mission: the provision of life-saving knowledge worldwide. A quantitative study was conducted on the global metrics of OpenWHO's user statistics. Common user categories encompassed a wide range of professional bodies and occupations, both within public health and beyond, ranging from students and volunteers, to WHO staff, to members of international organizations and NGOs. Global tendencies in platform use confirm that that the mission of OpenWHO, to provide timely, up-to-date and easy-to-understand lifesaving knowledge to healthcare workers based in-country and responding to outbreaks at the front line, is being met.
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Young BR, Leeks KD, Bish CL, Mihas P, Marcelin RA, Kline J, Ulin BF. Community-University Partnership Characteristics for Translation: Evidence From CDC's Prevention Research Centers. Front Public Health 2020; 8:79. [PMID: 32266196 PMCID: PMC7099981 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Prevention Research Centers (PRC) Program supports community engagement and partnerships to translate health evidence into practice. Translation is dependent on the quality of partnerships. However, questions remain about the necessary characteristics to develop and maintain translation partnerships. Aim: To identify the characteristics that influence community-university partnerships and examine alignment with the Knowledge to Action (K2A) Framework. Methods: Final Progress Reports (N = 37) from PRCs funded from September 2009 to September 2014 were reviewed in 2016–2017 to determine eligibility. Eligible PRCs included those that translated an innovation following the applied research phase (2009–2014) of the PRC award (n = 12). The PRCs and the adopters (i.e., community organizations) were recruited and participated in qualitative interviews in 2017. Results: Ten PRCs (83.3% response rate) and four adopters participated. Twelve codes (i.e., elements) were found that impacted partnerships along the translation continuum (e.g., adequate communication, technical assistance). Each element aligned with the K2A Framework at multiple steps within the translation phase. The intersection between the element and step in the translation phase is termed a “characteristic.” Using interview data, fifty-two unique partnership characteristics for translation were found. Discussion and Conclusion: The results suggest multiple characteristics that impact translation partnerships. The inclusion of these partnership characteristics in policies and practices that seek to move practice-based or research-based evidence into widespread use may impact the receptivity by partners and evidence uptake by communities. Using the K2A Framework to assess translation partnerships was helpful and could be considered in process evaluations to inform translation partnership improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belinda-Rose Young
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN, United States.,Department of Health Behavior, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Kimberly D Leeks
- The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Connie L Bish
- The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Paul Mihas
- Howard W. Odum Institute for Research in Social Science, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Rose A Marcelin
- Association of Schools and Programs of Public Health, Washington, DC, United States.,Aveshka, Vienna, VA, United States
| | - Jennifer Kline
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN, United States.,Tennessee Department of Health, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Brigette F Ulin
- The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States
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8
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Wutzke S, Rowbotham S, Haynes A, Hawe P, Kelly P, Redman S, Davidson S, Stephenson J, Overs M, Wilson A. Knowledge mobilisation for chronic disease prevention: the case of the Australian Prevention Partnership Centre. Health Res Policy Syst 2018; 16:109. [PMID: 30445963 PMCID: PMC6240292 DOI: 10.1186/s12961-018-0379-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cross-sectoral, multidisciplinary partnership research is considered one of the most effective means of facilitating research-informed policy and practice, particularly for addressing complex problems such as chronic disease. Successful research partnerships tend to be underpinned by a range of features that enable knowledge mobilisation (KMb), seeking to connect academic researchers with decision-makers and practitioners to improve the nature, quality and use of research. This paper contributes to the growing discourse on partnership approaches by illustrating how knowledge mobilisation strategies are operationalised within the Australian Prevention Partnership Centre (the Centre), a national collaboration of academics, policy-makers and practitioners established to develop systems approaches for the prevention of lifestyle-related chronic diseases. Methods We undertook interviews with key academics, policy, and practice partners and funding representatives at the mid-point of the Centre’s initial 5-year funding cycle. We aimed to explore how the Centre is functioning in practice, to develop a conceptual model of KMb within the Centre for use in further evaluation, and to identify ways of strengthening our approach to partnership research. Inductive and deductive thematic analysis was used to identify the key mechanisms underpinning the Centre’s KMb approach. Results Six key mechanisms appeared to facilitate KMb within our Centre, namely Engagement, Partnerships, Co-production, Capacity and Skills, Knowledge Integration, and Adaptive Learning and Improvement. We developed a conceptual model that articulated these mechanisms in relation to the structures and processes that support them, as well as the Centre’s goals. Findings also informed adaptations designed to strengthen the Centre. Conclusions Findings provide insights into the practical realities of operationalising KMb strategies within a research partnership. Overall, the centre is perceived to be progressing towards its KMb goals, but challenges include stakeholders from different settings understanding each other’s contexts and working together effectively, and ensuring knowledge generated across different projects within the Centre is integrated into a more comprehensive understanding of chronic disease prevention policy and practice. Our conceptual model is now informing ongoing developmental evaluation activities within the Centre, where it is being tested and refined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Wutzke
- The Australian Prevention Partnership Centre, The Sax Institute, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Samantha Rowbotham
- The Australian Prevention Partnership Centre, The Sax Institute, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia.,Menzies Centre for Health Policy, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Abby Haynes
- The Australian Prevention Partnership Centre, The Sax Institute, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia. .,Menzies Centre for Health Policy, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
| | - Penelope Hawe
- The Australian Prevention Partnership Centre, The Sax Institute, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia.,Menzies Centre for Health Policy, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Paul Kelly
- Population Health, ACT Government Health Directorate, GPO Box 825, Canberra City, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | | | - Seanna Davidson
- The Australian Prevention Partnership Centre, The Sax Institute, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Jackie Stephenson
- The Australian Prevention Partnership Centre, The Sax Institute, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Marge Overs
- The Australian Prevention Partnership Centre, The Sax Institute, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Andrew Wilson
- The Australian Prevention Partnership Centre, The Sax Institute, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia.,Menzies Centre for Health Policy, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
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Kramer DM, Holness DL, Haynes E, McMillan K, Berriault C, Kalenge S, Lightfoot N. From awareness to action: Sudbury, mining and occupational disease in a time of change. Work 2018; 58:149-162. [PMID: 29036859 PMCID: PMC5676845 DOI: 10.3233/wor-172610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Miners work in highly hazardous environments, but surprisingly, there are more fatalities from occupational diseases, including cancers, than from fatalities from injuries. Over the last few decades, the mining environment has become safer with fewer injuries and less exposure to the toxins that lead to occupational disease. There have been improvements in working conditions, and a reduction in the number of workers exposed, together with an overall improvement in the health of miners. OBJECTIVES: This study attempted to gain a deeper understanding of the impetus for change to reduce occupational exposures or toxins at the industry level. It focuses on one mining community in Sudbury, Ontario, with a high cancer rate, and its reduction in occupational exposures. It explored the level of awareness of occupational exposures from the perspective of industry and worker representatives in some of the deepest mines in the world. Although awareness may be necessary, it is often not a sufficient impetus for change, and it is this gap between awareness and change that this study explored. It examined the awareness of occupational disease as an impetus to reducing toxic exposures in the mining sector, and explores other forces of change at the industrial and global levels that have led to an impact on occupational exposures in mining. METHODS: From 2014 and 2016, 60 interviews were conducted with individuals who were part of, or witness to the changes in mining in Sudbury. From these, 12 labour and 10 industry interviews and four focus groups were chosen for further analysis to gain a deeper understanding of industry and labour’s views on the changes in mining and the impact on miners’ health from occupational exposures. The results from this subsection of the data is the focus for this paper. RESULTS: The themes that emerged told a story about Sudbury. There is awareness of occupational exposures, but this awareness is dwarfed in comparison to the attention that is given to the tragic fatal injuries from injuries and accidents. The mines are now owned by foreign multinationals with a change from an engaged, albeit paternalistic sense of responsibility for the health of the miners, to a less responsive or sympathetic workplace culture. Modernization has led to the elimination, substitution, or reduction of some of the worst toxins, and hence present-day miners are less exposed to hazards that lead to occupational disease than they were in the past. However, modernization and the drop in the price of nickel has also led to a precipitous reduction in the number of unionized miners, a decline in union power, a decline in the monitoring of present-day exposures, and an increase in non-unionized contract workers. The impact has been that miners have lost their solidarity and power to investigate, monitor or object to present-day exposures. CONCLUSIONS: Although an increase in the awareness of occupational hazards has made a contribution to the reduction in occupational exposures, the improvement in health of miners may be considered more as a “collateral benefit” of the changes in the mining sector. Multiple forces at the industrial and global level have differentially led to an improvement in the working and living environment. However, with the loss of union power, the miners have lost their major advocate for miner health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desre M Kramer
- Occupational Cancer Research Centre, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - D Linn Holness
- Centre of Research Expertise for Occupational Disease, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Emily Haynes
- Occupational Cancer Research Centre, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Keith McMillan
- Occupational Cancer Research Centre, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Colin Berriault
- Occupational Cancer Research Centre, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sheila Kalenge
- Occupational Cancer Research Centre, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nancy Lightfoot
- School of Rural and Northern Health, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON, Canada
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Stacey D, Green E, Ballantyne B, Tarasuk J, Skrutkowski M, Carley M, Chapman K, Kuziemsky C, Kolari E, Sabo B, Saucier A, Shaw T, Tardif L, Truant T, Cummings GG, Howell D. Implementation of Symptom Protocols for Nurses Providing Telephone-Based Cancer Symptom Management: A Comparative Case Study. Worldviews Evid Based Nurs 2016; 13:420-431. [PMID: 27243574 PMCID: PMC5157760 DOI: 10.1111/wvn.12166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Background The pan‐Canadian Oncology Symptom Triage and Remote Support (COSTaRS) team developed 13 evidence‐informed protocols for symptom management. Aim To build an effective and sustainable approach for implementing the COSTaRS protocols for nurses providing telephone‐based symptom support to cancer patients. Methods A comparative case study was guided by the Knowledge to Action Framework. Three cases were created for three Canadian oncology programs that have nurses providing telephone support. Teams of researchers and knowledge users: (a) assessed barriers and facilitators influencing protocol use, (b) adapted protocols for local use, (c) intervened to address barriers, (d) monitored use, and (e) assessed barriers and facilitators influencing sustained use. Analysis was within and across cases. Results At baseline, >85% nurses rated protocols positively but barriers were identified (64‐80% needed training). Patients and families identified similar barriers and thought protocols would enhance consistency among nurses teaching self‐management. Twenty‐two COSTaRS workshops reached 85% to 97% of targeted nurses (N = 119). Nurses felt more confident with symptom management and using the COSTaRS protocols (p < .01). Protocol adaptations addressed barriers (e.g., health records approval, creating pocket versions, distributing with telephone messages). Chart audits revealed that protocols used were documented for 11% to 47% of patient calls. Sustained use requires organizational alignment and ongoing leadership support. Linking Evidence to Action Protocol uptake was similar to trials that have evaluated tailored interventions to improve professional practice by overcoming identified barriers. Collaborating with knowledge users facilitated interpretation of findings, aided protocol adaptation, and supported implementation. Protocol implementation in nursing requires a tailored approach. A multifaceted intervention approach increased nurses’ use of evidence‐informed protocols during telephone calls with patients about symptoms. Training and other interventions improved nurses’ confidence with using COSTaRS protocols and their uptake was evident in some documented telephone calls. Protocols could be adapted for use by patients and nurses globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawn Stacey
- Professor, School of Nursing, University of Ottawa, and Scientist, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Esther Green
- Director, Person Centred Perspective, Canadian Partnership Against Cancer, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Barbara Ballantyne
- Advance Practice Nurse, Palliative Care, Health Sciences North, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
| | - Joy Tarasuk
- Health Services Manager, Ambulatory Oncology Clinics, Cancer Care Program, QEII Health Sciences Centre, Nova Scotia Health Authority, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Myriam Skrutkowski
- Clinical Research Coordinator, Cancer Care Mission, McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Meg Carley
- Clinical Research Coordinator, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kim Chapman
- Clinical Nurse Specialist, Oncology, Horizon Health Network, Fredericton and Upper River Valley Area, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Craig Kuziemsky
- Associate Professor, Director of Masters in Health Systems Program, Telfer School of Management, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Erin Kolari
- Systemic Treatment Chemotherapy Nurse, Health Sciences North, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brenda Sabo
- Associate Professor & Associate Director, Undergraduate Nursing Program, Dalhousie University School of Nursing, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Andréanne Saucier
- Director of Nursing, Montreal General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Tara Shaw
- Primary Care Nurse, Nova Scotia Cancer Center Clinic, QEII Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Lucie Tardif
- Faculty lecturer, McGill University, Associate Director of Nursing, Cancer Care Mission, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Tracy Truant
- Doctoral Candidate, University of British Columbia, School of Nursing, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Greta G Cummings
- Centennial Professor, University of Alberta, and Professor, Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Doris Howell
- Senior Scientist, Oncology Nursing Research and Education, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Kramer D, McMillan K, Gross E, Kone Pefoyo AJ, Bradley M, Holness DL. From Awareness to Action: The Community of Sarnia Mobilizes to Protect its Workers from Occupational Disease. New Solut 2015; 25:377-410. [PMID: 26391798 DOI: 10.1177/1048291115604427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
An exploratory qualitative case study investigated how different sectors of a highly industrialized community mobilized in the 1990s to help workers exposed to asbestos. For this study, thirty key informants including representatives from industry, workers, the community, and local politicians participated in semi-structured interviews and focus groups. The analysis was framed by a "Dimensions of Community Change" model. The informants highlighted the importance of raising awareness, and the need for leadership, social and organizational networks, acquiring skills and resources, individual and community power, holding shared values and beliefs, and perseverance. We found that improvements in occupational health and safety came from persistently communicating a clearly defined issue ("asbestos exposure causes cancer") and having an engaged community that collaborated with union leadership. Notable successes included stronger occupational health services, a support group for workers and widows, the fast-tracking of compensation for workers exposed to asbestos, and a reduction in hazardous emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desre Kramer
- Occupational Cancer Research Centre, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Keith McMillan
- Occupational Cancer Research Centre, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Emily Gross
- Occupational Cancer Research Centre, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Mike Bradley
- City of Sarnia, City of County of Lambton, ON, Canada
| | - Dorothy Linn Holness
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Occupational and Environmental Health Clinic, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Harrison SL, Beauchamp MK, Sibley K, Araujo T, Romano J, Goldstein RS, Brooks D. Minimizing the evidence-practice gap - a prospective cohort study incorporating balance training into pulmonary rehabilitation for individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. BMC Pulm Med 2015; 15:73. [PMID: 26202647 PMCID: PMC4511452 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-015-0067-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have recently demonstrated the efficacy of balance training in addition to Pulmonary Rehabilitation (PR) at improving measures of balance associated with an increased risk of falls in individuals with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Few knowledge translation (KT) projects have been conducted in rehabilitation settings. The goal of this study was to translate lessons learnt from efficacy studies of balance training into a sustainable clinical service. METHODS Health care professionals (HCPs) responsible for delivering PR were given an hour of instruction on the principles and practical application of balance training and the researchers offered advice regarding; prescription, progression and practical demonstrations during the first week. Balance training was incorporated three times a week into conventional PR programs. Following the program, HCPs participated in a focus group exploring their experiences of delivering balance training alongside PR. Service users completed satisfaction surveys as well as standardized measures of balance control. At six month follow-up, the sustainability of balance training was explored. RESULTS HCPs considered the training to be effective at improving balance and the support provided by the researchers was viewed as helpful. HCPs identified a number of strategies to facilitate balance training within PR, including; training twice a week, incorporating an interval training program for everyone enrolled in PR, providing visual aids to training and promoting independence by; providing a set program, considering the environment and initiating a home-based exercise program early. Nineteen service users completed the balance training [ten male mean (SD) age 73 (6) y]. Sixteen patients (84%) enjoyed balance training and reported that it helped them with everyday activities and 18 (95%) indicated their wish to continue with it. Scores on balance measures improved following PR that included balance training (all p < 0.05). At six month follow-up balance training is being routinely assessed and delivered as part of standardised PR. CONCLUSIONS Implementing balance training into PR programs, with support and training for HCPs, is feasible, effective and sustainable. TRAIL REGISTRATION Clinical Trials ID: NCT02080442 (05/03/2014).
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha L Harrison
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, West Park Healthcare Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Marla K Beauchamp
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Kathryn Sibley
- Centre for Healthcare Innovation and Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
| | - Tamara Araujo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, West Park Healthcare Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Julia Romano
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, West Park Healthcare Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Roger S Goldstein
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, West Park Healthcare Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Dina Brooks
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, West Park Healthcare Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Peirson L, Rosella L. Navigating knowledge to action: a conceptual map for facilitating translation of population health risk planning tools into practice. J Contin Educ Health Prof 2015; 35:139-147. [PMID: 26115114 DOI: 10.1002/chp.21271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A population health risk tool was created that estimates future diabetes risk and provides outputs that can inform practical and meaningful diabetes prevention strategies and support local decision making and planning. A project was designed to inform and understand knowledge translation and application of this novel tool in multiple health-related settings. Lacking published studies in this area, the authors conceived a conceptual map to guide the project that integrates and adapts elements from several planned action theories. This paper describes the rationale and basis for constructing the Population Health Planning Knowledge-to-Action Model and elaborates on the 2 connected structures of the framework: the Tool Creation Path and the Action Cycle. Although created for an express purpose, this model has the potential to inform application of other tools. This work demonstrates how a research team can adapt and integrate existing frameworks to better align with novel real-world knowledge translation issues. Furthermore, the integration of a population risk tool to support health decision making highlights the interaction between continuing education and knowledge translation.
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Harrison MB, Graham ID, van den Hoek J, Dogherty EJ, Carley ME, Angus V. Guideline adaptation and implementation planning: a prospective observational study. Implement Sci 2013; 8:49. [PMID: 23656884 PMCID: PMC3668213 DOI: 10.1186/1748-5908-8-49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2012] [Accepted: 05/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adaptation of high-quality practice guidelines for local use has been advanced as an efficient means to improve acceptability and applicability of evidence-informed care. In a pan-Canadian study, we examined how cancer care groups adapted pre-existing guidelines to their unique context and began implementation planning. METHODS Using a mixed-methods, case-study design, five cases were purposefully sampled from self-identified groups and followed as they used a structured method and resources for guideline adaptation. Cases received the ADAPTE Collaboration toolkit, facilitation, methodological and logistical support, resources and assistance as required. Documentary and primary data collection methods captured individual case experience, including monthly summaries of meeting and field notes, email/telephone correspondence, and project records. Site visits, process audits, interviews, and a final evaluation forum with all cases contributed to a comprehensive account of participant experience. RESULTS Study cases took 12 to >24 months to complete guideline adaptation. Although participants appreciated the structure, most found the ADAPTE method complex and lacking practical aspects. They needed assistance establishing individual guideline mandate and infrastructure, articulating health questions, executing search strategies, appraising evidence, and achieving consensus. Facilitation was described as a multi-faceted process, a team effort, and an essential ingredient for guideline adaptation. While front-line care providers implicitly identified implementation issues during adaptation, they identified a need to add an explicit implementation planning component. CONCLUSIONS Guideline adaptation is a positive initial step toward evidence-informed care, but adaptation (vs. 'de novo' development) did not meet expectations for reducing time or resource commitments. Undertaking adaptation is as much about the process (engagement and capacity building) as it is about the product (adapted guideline). To adequately address local concerns, cases found it necessary to also search and appraise primary studies, resulting in hybrid (adaptation plus de novo) guideline development strategies that required advanced methodological skills.Adaptation was found to be an action element in the knowledge translation continuum that required integration of an implementation perspective. Accordingly, the adaptation methodology and resources were reformulated and substantially augmented to provide practical assistance to groups not supported by a dedicated guideline panel and to provide more implementation planning support. The resulting framework is called CAN-IMPLEMENT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret B Harrison
- School of Nursing, Queen’s University, 78 Barrie Street, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Ian D Graham
- School of Nursing, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Joan van den Hoek
- School of Nursing, Queen’s University, 78 Barrie Street, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Elizabeth J Dogherty
- School of Nursing, Queen’s University, 78 Barrie Street, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Meg E Carley
- School of Nursing, Queen’s University, 78 Barrie Street, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Valerie Angus
- School of Nursing, Queen’s University, 78 Barrie Street, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
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