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Newton HS, Radwan Y, Xu J, Clogston JD, Dobrovolskaia MA, Afonin KA. Change in Lipofectamine Carrier as a Tool to Fine-Tune Immunostimulation of Nucleic Acid Nanoparticles. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28114484. [PMID: 37298960 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28114484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleic acid nanoparticles (NANPs) require a carrier to allow for their intracellular delivery to immune cells. Cytokine production, specifically type I and III interferons, allows for reliable monitoring of the carrier effect on NANP immunostimulation. Recent studies have shown that changes in the delivery platform (e.g., lipid-based carriers vs. dendrimers) can alter NANPs' immunorecognition and downstream cytokine production in various immune cell populations. Herein, we used flow cytometry and measured cytokine induction to show how compositional variations in commercially available lipofectamine carriers impact the immunostimulatory properties of NANPs with different architectural characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah S Newton
- Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research Sponsored by the National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21701, USA
| | - Yasmine Radwan
- Nanoscale Science Program, Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA
| | - Jie Xu
- Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research Sponsored by the National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21701, USA
| | - Jeffrey D Clogston
- Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research Sponsored by the National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21701, USA
| | - Marina A Dobrovolskaia
- Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research Sponsored by the National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21701, USA
| | - Kirill A Afonin
- Nanoscale Science Program, Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA
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2
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Jalli R, Mehrabani D, Zare S, Saeedi Moghadam M, Jamhiri I, Manafi N, Mehrabani G, Ghabanchi J, Razeghian Jahromi I, Rasouli-Nia A, Karimi-Busheri F. Cell Proliferation, Viability, Differentiation, and Apoptosis of Iron Oxide Labeled Stem Cells Transfected with Lipofectamine Assessed by MRI. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12062395. [PMID: 36983399 PMCID: PMC10054380 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12062395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
To assess in vitro and in vivo tracking of iron oxide labeled stem cells transfected by lipofectamine using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), rat dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) were characterized, labeled with iron oxide nanoparticles, and then transfected with lipofectamine to facilitate the internalization of these nanoparticles. Cell proliferation, viability, differentiation, and apoptosis were investigated. Prussian blue staining and MRI were used to trace transfected labeled cells. DPSCs were a morphologically spindle shape, adherent to culture plates, and positive for adipogenic and osteogenic inductions. They expressed CD73 and CD90 markers and lacked CD34 and CD45. Iron oxide labeling and transfection with lipofectamine in DPSCs had no toxic impact on viability, proliferation, and differentiation, and did not induce any apoptosis. In vitro and in vivo internalization of iron oxide nanoparticles within DPSCs were confirmed by Prussian blue staining and MRI tracking. Prussian blue staining and MRI tracking in the absence of any toxic effects on cell viability, proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis were safe and accurate to track DPSCs labeled with iron oxide and transfected with lipofectamine. MRI can be a useful imaging modality when treatment outcome is targeted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Jalli
- Medical Imaging Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71439-14693, Iran
| | - Davood Mehrabani
- Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71439-14693, Iran
- Burn and Wound Healing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71439-14693, Iran
- Comparative and Experimental Medicine Center, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz 71439-14693, Iran
- Li Ka Shing Center for Health Research and Innovation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Shahrokh Zare
- Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71439-14693, Iran
| | - Mahdi Saeedi Moghadam
- Medical Imaging Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71439-14693, Iran
| | - Iman Jamhiri
- Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71439-14693, Iran
| | - Navid Manafi
- School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan 71439-14693, Iran
| | - Golshid Mehrabani
- School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71439-14693, Iran
- Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Janan Ghabanchi
- School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71439-14693, Iran
| | - Iman Razeghian Jahromi
- Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71439-14693, Iran
| | - Aghdass Rasouli-Nia
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Feridoun Karimi-Busheri
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada
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3
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Keck H, Litz B, Hoffmann B, Sehl-Ewert J, Beer M, Eschbaumer M. Full-Length Genomic RNA of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Is Infectious for Cattle by Injection. Viruses 2022; 14:1924. [PMID: 36146730 PMCID: PMC9503123 DOI: 10.3390/v14091924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Safe sample transport is of great importance for infectious diseases diagnostics. Various treatments and buffers are used to inactivate pathogens in diagnostic samples. At the same time, adequate sample preservation, particularly of nucleic acids, is essential to allow an accurate laboratory diagnosis. For viruses with single-stranded RNA genomes of positive polarity, such as foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), however, naked full-length viral RNA can itself be infectious. In order to assess the risk of infection from inactivated FMDV samples, two animal experiments were performed. In the first trial, six cattle were injected with FMDV RNA (isolate A22/IRQ/24/64) into the tongue epithelium. All animals developed clinical disease within two days and FMDV was reisolated from serum and saliva samples. In the second trial, another group of six cattle was exposed to FMDV RNA by instilling it on the tongue and spraying it into the nose. The animals were observed for 10 days after exposure. All animals remained clinically unremarkable and virus isolation as well as FMDV genome detection in serum and saliva were negative. No transfection reagent was used for any of the animal inoculations. In conclusion, cattle can be infected by injection with naked FMDV RNA, but not by non-invasive exposure to the RNA. Inactivated FMDV samples that contain full-length viral RNA carry only a negligible risk of infecting animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Keck
- Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Suedufer 10, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Benedikt Litz
- Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Suedufer 10, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Bernd Hoffmann
- Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Suedufer 10, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Julia Sehl-Ewert
- Laboratory for Pathology II, Department of Experimental Animal Facilities and Biorisk Management, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Suedufer 10, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Martin Beer
- Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Suedufer 10, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Michael Eschbaumer
- Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Suedufer 10, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
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4
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Quagliarini E, Renzi S, Digiacomo L, Giulimondi F, Sartori B, Amenitsch H, Tassinari V, Masuelli L, Bei R, Cui L, Wang J, Amici A, Marchini C, Pozzi D, Caracciolo G. Microfluidic Formulation of DNA-Loaded Multicomponent Lipid Nanoparticles for Gene Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1292. [PMID: 34452253 PMCID: PMC8400491 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13081292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have gained considerable attention in numerous research fields ranging from gene therapy to cancer immunotherapy and DNA vaccination. While some RNA-encapsulating LNP formulations passed clinical trials, DNA-loaded LNPs have been only marginally explored so far. To fulfil this gap, herein we investigated the effect of several factors influencing the microfluidic formulation and transfection behavior of DNA-loaded LNPs such as PEGylation, total flow rate (TFR), concentration and particle density at the cell surface. We show that PEGylation and post-synthesis sample concentration facilitated formulation of homogeneous and small size LNPs with high transfection efficiency and minor, if any, cytotoxicity on human Embryonic Kidney293 (HEK-293), spontaneously immortalized human keratinocytes (HaCaT), immortalized keratinocytes (N/TERT) generated from the transduction of human primary keratinocytes, and epidermoid cervical cancer (CaSki) cell lines. On the other side, increasing TFR had a detrimental effect both on the physicochemical properties and transfection properties of LNPs. Lastly, the effect of particle concentration at the cell surface on the transfection efficiency (TE) and cell viability was largely dependent on the cell line, suggesting that its case-by-case optimization would be necessary. Overall, we demonstrate that fine tuning formulation and microfluidic parameters is a vital step for the generation of highly efficient DNA-loaded LNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Quagliarini
- Department of Chemistry, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Serena Renzi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (S.R.); (L.D.); (F.G.); (V.T.)
| | - Luca Digiacomo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (S.R.); (L.D.); (F.G.); (V.T.)
| | - Francesca Giulimondi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (S.R.); (L.D.); (F.G.); (V.T.)
| | - Barbara Sartori
- Institute of inorganic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, 8010 Graz, Austria; (B.S.); (H.A.)
| | - Heinz Amenitsch
- Institute of inorganic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, 8010 Graz, Austria; (B.S.); (H.A.)
| | - Valentina Tassinari
- Department of Molecular Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (S.R.); (L.D.); (F.G.); (V.T.)
| | - Laura Masuelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Roberto Bei
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Lishan Cui
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (L.C.); (J.W.); (A.A.); (C.M.)
| | - Junbiao Wang
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (L.C.); (J.W.); (A.A.); (C.M.)
| | - Augusto Amici
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (L.C.); (J.W.); (A.A.); (C.M.)
| | - Cristina Marchini
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (L.C.); (J.W.); (A.A.); (C.M.)
| | - Daniela Pozzi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (S.R.); (L.D.); (F.G.); (V.T.)
| | - Giulio Caracciolo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (S.R.); (L.D.); (F.G.); (V.T.)
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5
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Lee K, Min D, Choi Y, Kim J, Yoon S, Jang J, Park S, Tanaka M, Cho YW, Koo HJ, Jeon H, Choi J. Study and Evaluation of the Potential of Lipid Nanocarriers for Transdermal Delivery of siRNA. Biotechnol J 2020; 15:e2000079. [PMID: 32678938 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202000079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The topical delivery of siRNA-based therapies has opened new avenues for the treatment of skin disorders. The use of siRNA as a therapeutic, however, is limited due to its rapid degradation and poor cellular uptake. Furthermore, the top layer of skin, the stratum corneum, is a major barrier to the delivery of topical agents. There is an unmet need for efficient topical formulations for delivering siRNA to the site of action. In this study, 1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane (DOTAP) or lipofectamine is used to prepare a nanocarrier for delivering siRNA against glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH); GAPDH expression is then evaluated at the cellular level. In addition, a dermal transport assay is designed and implemented to evaluate the penetration and delivery efficacy of siRNA in pig skin using lipid nanocarriers. The delivery of siRNA with the use of a lipid nanocarrier is significantly better than the delivery of siRNA without it. Thus, the findings identify lipid nanocarriers as excellent candidates for the transdermal delivery of siRNA for gene silencing in the skin and thus for applications in related preclinical models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyungwoo Lee
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea.,Center for Biomaterials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Daejin Min
- Basic Research & Innovation Division, AMOREPACIFIC R&D Unit, Yongin-si, 17074, Republic of Korea.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan-si, 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Yonghyun Choi
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwon Kim
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Semi Yoon
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehee Jang
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Soomin Park
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14627, USA
| | - Masayoshi Tanaka
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-S1-24, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan
| | - Yong Woo Cho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan-si, 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Jun Koo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul, 01811, Republic of Korea
| | - Hojeong Jeon
- Center for Biomaterials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Jonghoon Choi
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
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6
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Petrova-Brodskaya AV, Bondarenko AB, Timin AS, Plotnikova MA, Afanas'Ev MV, Semenova AA, Lebedev KI, Gorshkov AN, Gorshkova MY, Egorov VV, Klotchenko SA, Vasin AV. COMPARISON OF INFLUENZA A VIRUS INHIBITION IN VITRO BY SIRNA COMPLEXES WITH CHITOSAN DERIVATIVES, POLYETHYLENEIMINE AND HYBRID POLYARGININE-INORGANIC MICROCAPSULES. Vopr Virusol 2017; 62:259-265. [PMID: 36494957 DOI: 10.18821/0507-4088-2017-62-6-259-265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Anti-influenza drugs and vaccines have a limited effect due to the high mutation rate of virus genome. The direct impact on the conservative virus genome regions should significantly improve therapeutic effectiveness. The RNA interference mechanism (RNAi) is one of the modern approaches used to solve this problem. In this work, we have investigated the antiviral activity of small interfering RNA (siRNA) against the influenza A/PR/8/34 (H1N1), targeting conserved regions of NP and PA. Polycations were used for intracellular siRNA delivery: chitosan's derivatives (methylglycol and quaternized chitosan), polyethyleneimine, lipofectamine, and hybrid organic/non-organic microcapsules. A comparative study of these delivery systems with fluorescent labeled siRNA was conducted. The antiviral activity of three small interfering RNAs targeting the NP (NP-717, NP-1496) and PA (PA-1630) influenza A viruses genes was demonstrated, depending on the chosen carrier. The most effective intracellular delivery and antiviral activity were observed for hybrid microcapsules.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Petrova-Brodskaya
- Research Institute of Influenza.,Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University
| | - A B Bondarenko
- Research Institute of Influenza.,St. Petersburg State University
| | - A S Timin
- Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University.,National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University
| | | | - M V Afanas'Ev
- Research Institute of Influenza.,St. Petersburg State University
| | - A A Semenova
- St. Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical Academy
| | | | - A N Gorshkov
- Research Institute of Influenza.,Institute of Cytology
| | | | | | | | - A V Vasin
- Research Institute of Influenza.,Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University
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7
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Dakwar GR, Braeckmans K, Demeester J, Ceelen W, De Smedt SC, Remaut K. Disregarded Effect of Biological Fluids in siRNA Delivery: Human Ascites Fluid Severely Restricts Cellular Uptake of Nanoparticles. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2015; 7:24322-24329. [PMID: 26470057 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b08805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Small interfering RNA (siRNA) offers a great potential for the treatment of various diseases and disorders. Nevertheless, inefficient in vivo siRNA delivery hampers its translation into the clinic. While numerous successful in vitro siRNA delivery stories exist in reduced-protein conditions, most studies so far overlook the influence of the biological fluids present in the in vivo environment. In this study, we compared the transfection efficiency of liposomal formulations in Opti-MEM (low protein content, routinely used for in vitro screening) and human undiluted ascites fluid obtained from a peritoneal carcinomatosis patient (high protein content, representing the in vivo situation). In Opti-MEM, all formulations are biologically active. In ascites fluid, however, the biological activity of all lipoplexes is lost except for lipofectamine RNAiMAX. The drop in transfection efficiency was not correlated to the physicochemical properties of the nanoparticles, such as premature siRNA release and aggregation of the nanoparticles in the human ascites fluid. Remarkably, however, all of the formulations except for lipofectamine RNAiMAX lost their ability to be taken up by cells following incubation in ascites fluid. To take into account the possible effects of a protein corona formed around the nanoparticles, we recommend always using undiluted biological fluids for the in vitro optimization of nanosized siRNA formulations next to conventional screening in low-protein content media. This should tighten the gap between in vitro and in vivo performance of nanoparticles and ensure the optimal selection of nanoparticles for further in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- George R Dakwar
- Laboratory for General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ghent University , Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kevin Braeckmans
- Laboratory for General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ghent University , Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Centre for Nano- and Biophotonics, Ghent University , Ottergemsesteenweg 460 , 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Joseph Demeester
- Laboratory for General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ghent University , Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wim Ceelen
- Department of Surgery, Ghent University Hospital , De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stefaan C De Smedt
- Laboratory for General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ghent University , Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Katrien Remaut
- Laboratory for General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ghent University , Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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8
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KONGKANERAMIT LALANA, WITOONSARIDSILP WASU, PEUNGVICHA PENCHOM, INGKANINAN KORNKANOK, WARANUCH NETI, SARISUTA NARONG. Antioxidant activity and antiapoptotic effect of Asparagus racemosus root extracts in human lung epithelial H460 cells. Exp Ther Med 2011; 2:143-148. [PMID: 22977482 PMCID: PMC3440636 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2010.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2010] [Accepted: 11/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study examined the antioxidant activity and protective effect of extracts from Asparagus racemosus roots against Lipofectamine-induced apoptosis. Five fractions from a successive extraction process ranging from non-polar to more polar solvents were obtained. The total saponin content as a marker in terms of diosgenin equivalent value of the root extracts was found to be in the range of 240-420 μg/mg extract, with higher values for the ethanol and aqueous fractions. The antioxidant activity measured using the DPPH method in terms of mean effective concentration (EC(50)) of the aqueous fraction was found to be 600 μg/ml as compared to 1.5 μg/ml of ascorbic acid. It is proposed that Asparagus racemosus root extracts effectively inhibit Lipofectamine-induced apoptosis by their protective effect, and may serve as an advantageous alternative option for gene delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - KORNKANOK INGKANINAN
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000,
Thailand
| | - NETI WARANUCH
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000,
Thailand
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