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Barreto R, Ferretti F, Flemming JM, Amorim A, Andrade H, Worm B, Lessa R. Trends in the exploitation of South Atlantic shark populations. Conserv Biol 2016; 30:792-804. [PMID: 26634410 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.12663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Revised: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/29/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Approximately 25% of globally reported shark catches occur in Atlantic pelagic longline fisheries. Strong declines in shark populations have been detected in the North Atlantic, whereas in the South Atlantic the situation is less clear, although fishing effort has been increasing in this region since the late 1970s. We synthesized information on shark catch rates (based on 871,177 sharks caught on 86,492 longline sets) for the major species caught by multiple fleets in the South Atlantic between 1979 and 2011. We complied records from fishing logbooks of fishing companies, fishers, and onboard observers that were supplied to Brazilian institutions. By using exploratory data analysis and literature sources, we identified 3 phases of exploitation in these data (Supporting Information). From 1979 to 1997 (phase A), 5 fleets (40 vessels) fished mainly for tunas. From 1998 to 2008 (phase B), 20 fleets (100 vessels) fished for tunas, swordfishes, and sharks. From 2008 to 2011 (phase C), 3 fleets (30 vessels) fished for multiple species, but restrictive measures were implemented. We used generalized linear models to standardize catch rates and identify trends in each of these phases. Shark catch rates increased from 1979 to 1997, when fishing effort was low, decreased from 1998 to 2008, when fishing effort increased substantially, and remained stable or increased from 2008 to 2011, when fishing effort was again low. Our results indicate that most shark populations affected by longlines in the South Atlantic are currently depleted, but these populations may recover if fishing effort is reduced accordingly. In this context, it is problematic that comprehensive data collection, monitoring, and management of these fisheries ceased after 2012. Concurrently with the fact that Brazil is newly identified by FAO among the largest (and in fastest expansion) shark sub-products consumer market worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Barreto
- Departamento de Pesca e Aquicultura (DEPAq), Av. Dom Manoel de Medeiros, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), S/N, Recife, PE, 52171-900, Brazil
| | - Francesco Ferretti
- Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA, 93950, U.S.A
| | - Joanna M Flemming
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Alberto Amorim
- Instituto de Pesca, Agência Paulista de Tecnologia dos Agronegócios da Secretaria de Agricultura e Abastecimento do Estado de São Paulo (APTA), Avenida Bartolomeu de Gusmão, 192, Santos, SP, 11045-401, Brazil
| | - Humber Andrade
- Departamento de Pesca e Aquicultura (DEPAq), Av. Dom Manoel de Medeiros, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), S/N, Recife, PE, 52171-900, Brazil
| | - Boris Worm
- Biology Department, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Rosangela Lessa
- Departamento de Pesca e Aquicultura (DEPAq), Av. Dom Manoel de Medeiros, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), S/N, Recife, PE, 52171-900, Brazil
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Domingo A, Coelho R, Cortes E, Garcia-Cortes B, Mas F, Mejuto J, Miller P, Ramos-Cartelle A, Santos MN, Yokawa K. Is the tiger shark Galeocerdo cuvier a coastal species? Expanding its distribution range in the Atlantic Ocean using at-sea observer data. J Fish Biol 2016; 88:1223-1228. [PMID: 26817438 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.12887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Revised: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/21/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of tiger shark Galeocerdo cuvier in the Atlantic Ocean was assessed using at-sea observer data from multiple pelagic longline fisheries. Geographic positions of 2764 G. cuvier recorded between 1992 and 2013 and covering a wide area of the Atlantic Ocean were compared with the currently accepted distribution ranges of the species. Most records fell outside those ranges in both the Southern and Northern Hemispheres, which strongly suggests that the distribution range of G. cuvier in the open ocean is considerably larger than previously described.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Domingo
- Dirección Nacional de Recursos Acuáticos (DINARA), Laboratorio de Recursos Pelágicos (LaRPe), Constituyente, 1497, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - R Coelho
- Portuguese Institute for the Ocean and Atmosphere (IPMA, I.P.), Avenida 5 de Outubro s/n, 8700-305, Olhão, Portugal
| | - E Cortes
- National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, Southeast Fisheries Science Center, Panama City Laboratory, Panama City, FL, 32408, U.S.A
| | - B Garcia-Cortes
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, P. O. Box 130, 15080, A Coruña, España
| | - F Mas
- Dirección Nacional de Recursos Acuáticos (DINARA), Laboratorio de Recursos Pelágicos (LaRPe), Constituyente, 1497, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Centro de Investigación y Conservación Marina (CICMAR), Av. Giannattasio Km. 30, El Pinar, Uruguay
| | - J Mejuto
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, P. O. Box 130, 15080, A Coruña, España
| | - P Miller
- Dirección Nacional de Recursos Acuáticos (DINARA), Laboratorio de Recursos Pelágicos (LaRPe), Constituyente, 1497, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Centro de Investigación y Conservación Marina (CICMAR), Av. Giannattasio Km. 30, El Pinar, Uruguay
| | - A Ramos-Cartelle
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, P. O. Box 130, 15080, A Coruña, España
| | - M N Santos
- Portuguese Institute for the Ocean and Atmosphere (IPMA, I.P.), Avenida 5 de Outubro s/n, 8700-305, Olhão, Portugal
| | - K Yokawa
- National Research Institute of Far Seas Fisheries, 5-7-1 Orido, Shimizu-ku, Shizuoka-City, Shizuoka, 424 8633, Japan
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