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Biasio LR, Lorini C, Zanobini P, Bonaccorsi G. The still unexplored mediating role of vaccine literacy. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2310360. [PMID: 38314760 PMCID: PMC10863508 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2310360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Chiara Lorini
- Department of Health Science, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Patrizio Zanobini
- Department of Health Science, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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Shen Y, Wang H, Zhang W, Ou X, Liu S. How is Obstructive Sleep Apnea Associated with High Blood Pressure and Diabetes Mellitus Type 2? Clues from a Two-Step Mendelian Randomized Study. Nat Sci Sleep 2023; 15:749-765. [PMID: 37795212 PMCID: PMC10546934 DOI: 10.2147/nss.s423331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), high blood pressure (HBP), and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have a close clinical relationship, but whether and how OSA affects HBP and T2DM is unclear. Study Design and Methods Two-step, two-sample Mendelian randomization techniques were applied using single-nucleotide polymorphisms as genetic instruments for exposure and mediators, thus minimizing bias due to confounding factors and reverse causality. The total effect of OSA on HBP and T2DM was categorized into direct and mediating effects based on the mediating factors. Results Two-sample MR analysis showed that OSA increased the risk of HBP (odds ratio [OR] = 1.010, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.002-1.018; P = 0.0121) and T2DM (OR = 1.140, 95% CI, 1.059-1.228; P = 0.0005). In the process of OSA caused by HBP, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) (female, 4.47% mediation; male, 2.76% mediation), total testosterone (TT) (male, 3.72% mediation), bioavailable testosterone (BioT) (female, 7.74% mediation), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (3.25% mediation), and apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) (1.31% mediation) were individual contributors. SHBG (female, 4.10% mediation; male, 1.58% mediation), TT (male, 3.69% mediation), BioT (female, 2.58% mediation), HDL-C (3.32% mediation), ApoA1 (2.14% mediation), and omega-6 fatty acids (2.33% mediation) may have mediating roles to varying degrees in the process of OSA caused by T2DM. Interpretation This MR study showed that OSA is a risk factor for HBP and T2DM, and the evaluation of mediators may help further reveal the specific mechanism by which OSA causes HBP and T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubin Shen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Sleep Lab, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200092, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Sleep Lab, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200092, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weiyu Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Sleep Lab, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200092, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiwen Ou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Sleep Lab, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200092, People’s Republic of China
| | - Song Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Sleep Lab, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200092, People’s Republic of China
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Ryen L, Lundqvist S, Cider Å, Börjesson M, Larsson MEH, Hagberg L. Cost-Effectiveness of Prolonged Physical Activity on Prescription in Previously Non-Complying Patients: Impact of Physical Activity Mediators. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:3801. [PMID: 36900811 PMCID: PMC10001088 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20053801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In Sweden, physical activity on prescription (PAP) is used to support patients in increasing their levels of physical activity (PA). The role of healthcare professionals in supporting PA behavior change requires optimization in terms of knowledge, quality and organization. This study aims to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of support from a physiotherapist (PT) compared to continued PAP at a healthcare center (HCC) for patients who remained insufficiently active after 6-month PAP treatment at the HCC. The PT strategy was constituted by a higher follow-up frequency as well as by aerobic physical fitness tests. The analysis was based on an RCT with a three-year time horizon, including 190 patients aged 27-77 with metabolic risk factors. The cost per QALY for the PT strategy compared to the HCC strategy was USD 16,771 with a societal perspective (including individual PA expenses, production loss and time cost for exercise, as well as healthcare resource use) and USD 33,450 with a healthcare perspective (including only costs related to healthcare resource use). Assuming a willingness-to-pay of USD 57,000 for a QALY, the probability of cost-effectiveness for the PT strategy was 0.5 for the societal perspective and 0.6 for the healthcare perspective. Subgroup analyses on cost-effectiveness based on individual characteristics regarding enjoyment, expectations and confidence indicated potential in identifying cost-effective strategies based on mediating factors. However, this needs to be further explored. In conclusion, both PT and HCC interventions are similar from a cost-effectiveness perspective, indicating that both strategies are equally valuable in healthcare's range of treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Ryen
- University Health Care Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, 701 82 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Stefan Lundqvist
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation, Unit of Physiotherapy, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Center for Physical Activity Gothenburg, Region Västra Götaland, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Åsa Cider
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation, Unit of Physiotherapy, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Occupational Therapy and Physiotherapy, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra, 416 85 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mats Börjesson
- Center for Health and Performance (CHP), University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of MGA, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, 416 50 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Maria E. H. Larsson
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation, Unit of Physiotherapy, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Research, Education, Development and Innovation, Primary Health Care, Region Västra Götaland, 411 18 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Centre of Clinical Research and Education, Region Värmland, 651 82 Karlstad, Sweden
| | - Lars Hagberg
- University Health Care Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, 701 82 Örebro, Sweden
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Bibi K, Fatima A, Amin R, Rowland DL. Understanding Serial Mediators of Problematic Pornography Use in Pakistani Men and Women. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph192114336. [PMID: 36361229 PMCID: PMC9654840 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED In the current digital environment, satisfying sexual needs via Internet pornography use has the potential to develop into a problem that affects one's psychological health and daily functioning. The aim of this study was to examine potential cognitive and affective factors that could help explain the maintenance and exacerbation of self-defined problematic internet pornography use. METHODS 280 Pakistani men and women (mean age = 25.40; SD = 5.271, range 18-50) who were current pornography users were recruited through social networking sites (Facebook, Instagram, LinkedIn, WhatsApp groups) to participate in an online study about pathways to problematic pornography use (PPU). Structural equation modeling was used to estimate path analysis coefficients extending from predisposing variables (depression, anxiety, self-esteem, and loneliness) to PPU via the mediating variables of craving, dysfunctional sexual coping, and stimulus-specific inhibitory control. RESULTS Craving mediated the relationship between three predisposing variables (depression, anxiety, and self-esteem) and PPU, though not the fourth, namely loneliness. Indirect effects of depression, anxiety, and self-esteem were significantly linked to PPU through two serial mediation pathways: (a) craving and stimulus-specific inhibitory control, and (b) craving and dysfunctional sexual coping. CONCLUSION These findings demonstrate that craving, stimulus-specific inhibitory control, and dysfunctional coping serve as important mediators in maintaining and exacerbating the cycle between negative predisposing variables and PPU. These results are interpreted within the general framework of therapeutic interventions that can help develop positive coping skills in individuals seeking to alter self-perceived bothersome or unwanted habits related to pornography use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khifza Bibi
- Department of Professional Psychology, Bahria University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Ambreen Fatima
- Department of Professional Psychology, Bahria University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Rizwana Amin
- Department of Professional Psychology, Bahria University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - David L. Rowland
- Department of Psychology, Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, IN 46383, USA
- Correspondence:
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Abstract
Childhood maltreatment (CM) has long been recognized as a risk factor for good intimate relationships. Research on the effects of CM on relationship functioning has focused on sexual abuse in girls. However, CM also includes emotional and physical abuse and neglect and is also common in boys. Moreover, prior research has mostly focused on individuals in isolation, ignoring that marriage is a system in which two partners mutually influence each other. Questions also remain about mediating and protective factors for healthy relationships in the context of CM. This article reviews the literature on the link between different forms of CM and one's own and one's partner relationship quality. It reviews 43 empirical studies that assessed associations between CM in any form and relationship quality. Also, mediating and protective factors and major methodological topics are examined. The review indicated that CM (neglect, sexual, emotional, or physical abuse) is associated with lower relationship quality in men and women. Psychological distress, cognitive and behavioral problems, insecure attachment, and self-dysregulation were identified as mediating factors. Protective processes involve good coping strategies, emotion regulation, parental support, and early secure attachment, but not partner characteristics. The results regarding gender are inconclusive. It is crucial to broaden the research on the dyadic effects of CM of various forms on relationship quality and study mediating and protective factors. More studies on neglect and diverse populations are needed, as well as prospective studies. This will enable the development of prevention programs for couples with a partner exposed to CM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osnat Zamir
- 173772The Paul Baerwald School of Social Work and Social Welfare, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
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Kim HR, Kim SO, Park SA. The Effects of Horticultural Activity Program on Vegetable Preference of Elementary School Students. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:8100. [PMID: 34360393 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18158100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate effects of a horticultural activity program based on a mediating variable model for improving vegetable preference among elementary students. A quasi-experimental design was employed with 136 students and 136 primary carers in Seoul, South Korea. Based on the mediation model for improving children’s vegetable preference, 12 sessions were conducted, including gardening, nutrition education, and cooking activities using harvests. The program was conducted weekly for 12 weeks from March to July 2019. To investigate the effect of this program, mediating factors of the children were evaluated before and after the program. Pearson correlation analysis was used to identify the mediating factors. The nutrition index, attitude, knowledge, and eating habits of the primary carers were evaluated. Results showed children’s nutrition and gardening knowledge, dietary self-efficacy, outcome expectancies, and vegetable preference were significantly improved (p < 0.001). Primary carers showed significant improvement in the nutrition index, knowledge, and attitude (p < 0.05). The correlation analysis confirmed that most of the mediating factors had significant correlations (p < 0.05). Therefore, administering a structured program involving horticultural activities and nutrition education as mediating factors for 12 sessions was effective in improving eating behavior for vegetables elementary school students and primary carers.
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Rabito-Alcón MF, Baile JI, Vanderlinden J. Mediating Factors between Childhood Traumatic Experiences and Eating Disorders Development: A Systematic Review. Children (Basel) 2021; 8:114. [PMID: 33561984 DOI: 10.3390/children8020114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: Many people with eating disorders often report having suffered some kind of childhood trauma. For this reason, many studies have attempted to explore the mediating factors between traumatic experiences and the development of eating disorders. The aim of our study is to conduct a systematic review of published works on the mediating factors between childhood trauma and the development of eating disorders. Method: This review was carried out up to 5 December, 2020, using the databases PsycInfo and PubMed, combining the keywords, and applying a set of inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: A total of 18 articles were retrieved. After the articles were analyzed, a set of mediating factors between childhood trauma and the development of eating disorders was established, including pathological dissociation, difficulty with emotion self-regulation, body dissatisfaction, negative affect/depression, anxiety, general distress, self-criticism, and alexithymia, among others. Conclusions: In addition to evaluating trauma in eating disorders, these results highlight the importance of paying special attention to the presence of various possible mediating factors, which must be taken into account in the planning of therapeutic treatment. Identifying symptoms of trauma or eating disorders early on could prevent onset of more severe psychopathology during adulthood.
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Kim SO, Park SA. Garden-Based Integrated Intervention for Improving Children's Eating Behavior for Vegetables. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:E1257. [PMID: 32075303 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17041257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to develop and verify the effects of a garden-based integrated intervention for improving children’s eating behavior for vegetables. A pre-post-test experimental design was employed. The participants were 202 elementary school students (average age: 11.6 ± 1.5 years). The garden-based integrated intervention program was conducted during regular school hours for a total of 12 weeks. The program, based on a mediator model for improving children’s eating behavior, included gardening, nutritional education, and cooking activities utilizing harvests. In order to examine effects of the program, the mediating factors related to children’s eating behavior were evaluated using pre-post questionnaires. As a result of the program, dietary self-efficacy, outcome expectancies, gardening knowledge, nutrition knowledge, vegetable preference, and vegetable consumption were significantly increased, and food neophobia was significantly decreased. In addition, there were positive correlations between most mediating factors. Thus, the garden-based integrated intervention developed in this study was effective in improving children’s eating behavior for vegetables.
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Aleksandrova K, Jenab M, Leitzmann M, Bueno-de-Mesquita B, Kaaks R, Trichopoulou A, Bamia C, Lagiou P, Rinaldi S, Freisling H, Carayol M, Pischon T, Drogan D, Weiderpass E, Jakszyn P, Overvad K, Dahm CC, Tjønneland A, Bouton-Ruault MC, Kühn T, Peppa E, Valanou E, La Vecchia C, Palli D, Panico S, Sacerdote C, Agnoli C, Tumino R, May A, van Vulpen J, Benjaminsen Borch K, Oluwafemi Oyeyemi S, Quirós JR, Bonet C, Sánchez MJ, Dorronsoro M, Navarro C, Barricarte A, van Guelpen B, Wennberg P, Key TJ, Khaw KT, Wareham N, Assi N, Ward HA, Aune D, Riboli E, Boeing H. Physical activity, mediating factors and risk of colon cancer: insights into adiposity and circulating biomarkers from the EPIC cohort. Int J Epidemiol 2017; 46:1823-1835. [PMID: 29025032 PMCID: PMC6241846 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyx174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is convincing evidence that high physical activity lowers the risk of colon cancer; however, the underlying biological mechanisms remain largely unknown. We aimed to determine the extent to which body fatness and biomarkers of various biologically plausible pathways account for the association between physical activity and colon cancer. Methods We conducted a nested case-control study in a cohort of 519 978 men and women aged 25 to 70 years followed from 1992 to 2003. A total of 713 incident colon cancer cases were matched, using risk-set sampling, to 713 controls on age, sex, study centre, fasting status and hormonal therapy use. The amount of total physical activity during the past year was expressed in metabolic equivalent of task [MET]-h/week. Anthropometric measurements and blood samples were collected at study baseline. Results High physical activity was associated with a lower risk of colon cancer: relative risk ≥91 MET-h/week vs <91 MET-h/week = 0.75 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.57 to 0.96]. In mediation analyses, this association was accounted for by waist circumference: proportion explained effect (PEE) = 17%; CI: 4% to 52%; and the biomarkers soluble leptin receptor (sOB-R): PEE = 15%; 95% CI: 1% to 50% and 5-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D): PEE = 30%; 95% CI: 12% to 88%. In combination, these factors explained 45% (95% CI: 20% to 125%) of the association. Beyond waist circumference, sOB-R and 25[OH]D additionally explained 10% (95% CI: 1%; 56%) and 23% (95% CI: 6%; 111%) of the association, respectively. Conclusions Promoting physical activity, particularly outdoors, and maintaining metabolic health and adequate vitamin D levels could represent a promising strategy for colon cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krasimira Aleksandrova
- Nutrition, Immunity and Metabolism Start-up Lab, Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Mazda Jenab
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Michael Leitzmann
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Regensburg University Medical Center, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Division of Epidemiology, Public Health and Primary Care, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rudolf Kaaks
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Centre, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Antonia Trichopoulou
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
- WHO Collaborating Center for Nutrition and Health, Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology and Nutrition in Public Health, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Bamia
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
- WHO Collaborating Center for Nutrition and Health, Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology and Nutrition in Public Health, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Pagona Lagiou
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - Sabina Rinaldi
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Heinz Freisling
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Marion Carayol
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Tobias Pischon
- Molecular Epidemiology Group, Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | - Dagmar Drogan
- Quality and Health Services Research Unit, AOK Research Institute, Berlin, Germany (DD)
| | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Folkhalsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Paula Jakszyn
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kim Overvad
- Department of Public Health, Section for Epidemiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Christina C Dahm
- Department of Public Health, Section for Epidemiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anne Tjønneland
- Diet, Genes and Environment, Danish Cancer Society Research Center Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marie-Christine Bouton-Ruault
- Inserm, Centre for research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), U1018, Nutrition, Hormones and Women's Health team,F-94805, Villejuif, France
- Univ Paris Sud, UMRS 1018, F-94805, Villejuif, France
- IGR, F-94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Tilman Kühn
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | - Carlo La Vecchia
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano
| | - Domenico Palli
- Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute - ISPO, Florence, Italy
| | - Salvatore Panico
- Department of clinical and experimental medicine-Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Carlotta Sacerdote
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Città della Salute e della Scienza University-Hospital and Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO), Turin, Italy
| | - Claudia Agnoli
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS, Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Rosario Tumino
- Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, “M.P.Arezzo” Hospital, Ragusa, Italy
| | - Anne May
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht
| | - Jonna van Vulpen
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht
| | - Kristin Benjaminsen Borch
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Sunday Oluwafemi Oyeyemi
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | | | - Catalina Bonet
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María-José Sánchez
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública. Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (Granada.ibs), Granada, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Miren Dorronsoro
- Epidemiology and Health Information, Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, Basque Regional Health Department, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Carmen Navarro
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP), Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
- Department of Health and Social Sciences, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Aurelio Barricarte
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP), Spain
- Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA) Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - Patrik Wennberg
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Family Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Timothy J Key
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford
| | - Kay-Tee Khaw
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nicholas Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Nada Assi
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Heather A Ward
- Division of Epidemiology, Public Health and Primary Care, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dagfinn Aune
- Division of Epidemiology, Public Health and Primary Care, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elio Riboli
- Division of Epidemiology, Public Health and Primary Care, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Heiner Boeing
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany
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Li IC, Kuo HT, Lin KC, Wu YC. The effects of depressive symptoms on quality of life among institutionalized older adults in Taiwan. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2014; 50:58-64. [PMID: 24387615 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2012] [Revised: 04/14/2013] [Accepted: 04/23/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore the effect of physical health status and depressive symptoms on quality of life (QOL) and to examine whether depressive symptoms mediate the effect of physical health status on the physical and mental components of QOL among institutionalized older adults. DESIGN AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was used to assess 306 residents from 73 long-term care facilities in Taipei, Taiwan. FINDINGS We found that depressive symptoms mediated the relationship between the number of chronic diseases and activities of daily living and physical components of QOL (z = -2.41, p = .016; z = 3.33, p < .001) as well as between the number of chronic diseases and mental components of QOL (z = -2.45, p = .014). PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Our findings indicate that alleviating depressive symptoms can improve the QOL of older adults in long-term care facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Chuan Li
- Institute of Clinical and Community Health Nursing, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Abstract
Violence and aggression are public health problems that can benefit from ongoing research into risk reduction and prevention. Current developmental theories of violence and aggression emphasize biological and psychosocial factors, particularly during adolescence. However, there has been less focus on understanding the interactive, multiplicative effects of these processes. Furthermore, little attention has been given to the pre-, peri-, and postnatal periods, where prevention and intervention may yield effective results. Early health risk factors that influence negative behavioral outcomes include prenatal and postnatal nutrition, tobacco use during pregnancy, maternal depression, birth complications, traumatic brain injury, lead exposure, and child abuse. There is an ample literature to suggest that these early health risk factors may increase the likelihood of childhood externalizing behaviors, aggression, juvenile delinquency, adult criminal behavior, and/or violence. This paper proposes an early health risk factors framework for violence prediction, built on existing developmental theories of criminal behavior and supported by empirical findings. This framework addresses gaps in the adolescent psychopathology literature and presents a novel conceptualization of behavioral disturbance that emphasizes the pre-, peri-, and post-natal periods, when a child's development is critical and the opportunity for behavioral and environmental modification is high. Implications for such a framework on violence prevention programs are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianghong Liu
- School of Nursing and School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 418 Curie Blvd., Room 426, Claire M. Fagin Hall, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6096, tel: (215) 898-8293
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