1
|
Devaisy S, Kandasamy J, Aryal R, Johir MAH, Ratnaweera H, Vigneswaran S. Removal of Organics with Ion-Exchange Resins (IEX) from Reverse Osmosis Concentrate. Membranes (Basel) 2023; 13:136. [PMID: 36837638 PMCID: PMC9967736 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13020136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Reverse osmosis concentrate (ROC) produced as the by-product of the reverse osmosis process consists of a high load of organics (macro and micro) that potentially cause eco-toxicological effects in the environment. Previous studies focused on the removal of such compounds using oxidation, adsorption, and membrane-based treatments. However, these methods were not always efficient and formed toxic by-products. The impact of ion-exchange resin (IEX) (Purolite®A502PS) was studied in a micro-filtration-IEX hybrid system to remove organics from ROC for varying doses of Purolite® A502PS (5-20 g/L) at a flux of 36 L/m2h. The purolite particles in the membrane reactor reduced membrane fouling, evidenced by the reduction of transmembrane pressure (TMP), by pre-adsorbing the organics, and by mechanically scouring the membrane. The dissolved organic carbon was reduced by 45-60%, out of which 48-81% of the hydrophilics were removed followed by the hydrophobics and low molecular weight compounds (LMWs). This was based on fluorescence excitation-emission matrix and liquid chromatography-organic carbon detection. Negatively charged and hydrophobic organic compounds were preferentially removed by resin. Long-term experiments with different daily replacements of resin are suggested to minimize the resin requirements and energy consumption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sukanyah Devaisy
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
- Department of Bio-Science, Faculty of Applied Science, University of Vavuniya, Vavuniya 43000, Sri Lanka
| | - Jaya Kandasamy
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Rupak Aryal
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Md Abu Hasan Johir
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Harsha Ratnaweera
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology (RealTek), Norwegian University of Life Sciences, NO-1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Saravanamuthu Vigneswaran
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology (RealTek), Norwegian University of Life Sciences, NO-1432 Ås, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Alhothali A, Haneef T, Mustafa MRU, Moria KM, Rashid U, Rasool K, Bamasag OO. Optimization of Micro-Pollutants' Removal from Wastewater Using Agricultural Waste-Derived Sustainable Adsorbent. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:ijerph182111506. [PMID: 34770021 PMCID: PMC8583561 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182111506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Water pollution due to the discharge of untreated industrial effluents is a serious environmental and public health issue. The presence of organic pollutants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) causes worldwide concern because of their mutagenic and carcinogenic effects on aquatic life, human beings, and the environment. PAHs are pervasive atmospheric compounds that cause nervous system damage, mental retardation, cancer, and renal kidney diseases. This research presents the first usage of palm kernel shell biochar (PKSB) (obtained from agricultural waste) for PAH removal from industrial wastewater (oil and gas wastewater/produced water). A batch scale study was conducted for the remediation of PAHs and chemical oxygen demand (COD) from produced water. The influence of operating parameters such as biochar dosage, pH, and contact time was optimized and validated using a response surface methodology (RSM). Under optimized conditions, i.e., biochar dosage 2.99 g L−1, pH 4.0, and contact time 208.89 min, 93.16% of PAHs and 97.84% of COD were predicted. However, under optimized conditions of independent variables, 95.34% of PAH and 98.21% of COD removal was obtained in the laboratory. The experimental data were fitted to the empirical second-order model of a suitable degree for the maximum removal of PAHs and COD by the biochar. ANOVA analysis showed a high coefficient of determination value (R2 = 0.97) and a reasonable second-order regression prediction. Additionally, the study also showed a comparative analysis of PKSB with previously used agricultural waste biochar for PAH and COD removal. The PKSB showed significantly higher removal efficiency than other types of biochar. The study also provides analysis on the reusability of PKSB for up to four cycles using two different methods. The methods reflected a significantly good performance for PAH and COD removal for up to two cycles. Hence, the study demonstrated a successful application of PKSB as a potential sustainable adsorbent for the removal of micro-pollutants from produced water.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Areej Alhothali
- Department of Computer Sciences, Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (K.M.M.); (O.O.B.)
| | - Tahir Haneef
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (T.H.); (M.R.U.M.)
| | - Muhammad Raza Ul Mustafa
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, Malaysia
- Centre for Urban Resource Sustainability, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (T.H.); (M.R.U.M.)
| | - Kawthar Mostafa Moria
- Department of Computer Sciences, Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (K.M.M.); (O.O.B.)
| | - Umer Rashid
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ION2), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Kashif Rasool
- Qatar Environment and Energy Research Institute (QEERI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Doha 5825, Qatar;
| | - Omaimah Omar Bamasag
- Department of Computer Sciences, Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (K.M.M.); (O.O.B.)
- Center of Excellence in Smart Environment Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tiwari A, Shukla A, Tiwari D, Lee SM. Synthesis and characterization of Ag 0(NPs)/TiO 2 nanocomposite: insight studies of triclosan removal from aqueous solutions. Environ Technol 2020; 41:3500-3514. [PMID: 31074687 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2019.1615127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Nanocomposite mesoporous Ag0(NPs)/TiO2 thin film materials were synthesized and assessed for its efficient application in the elimination of potentially important drug triclosan from aqueous solutions. A template synthesis using the polyethylene glycol was enabled to obtain Ag0(NPs)/TiO2 nanocomposite materials where zerovalent Ag was in situ doped to the titania network. The nanocomposite materials were characterized by the scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), transmission electron microscope (TEM), EDX elemental mapping, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) methods. Further, the diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) was introduced to estimate the band gap of these solids. The thin film materials were subjected to the remediation of water contaminated with triclosan using the UV-A light. The oxidative elimination of triclosan was demonstrated as a function of pH, concentration of triclosan and presence of several co-existing ions. Increase in pH (4.0-10.0) and triclosan concentrations (0.5-15.0 mg/L) had decreased significantly the percentage degradation of triclosan. The pseudo-first-order kinetics was shown in the degradation of triclosan and rate constant was significantly decreased with the increase in pollutant concentration (0.5-15.0 mg/L) and pH (4.0-10.0). The 1000 times presence of scavengers showed that •OH were, predominantly, caused the oxidation of triclosan. Moreover, multiple application of nanocomposite Ag0(NPs)/TiO2(B) revealed that the thin film was fairly intact since the photocatalytic efficiency of triclosan removal was almost unaffected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alka Tiwari
- Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology, Aizawl, India
| | - Alok Shukla
- Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology, Aizawl, India
| | - Diwakar Tiwari
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, Mizoram University, Aizawl, India
| | - Seung Mok Lee
- Department of Health and Environment, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, Gangwondo, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Collier DN, Robinson A, Mitra S, Taft N, Raad A, Hudson S, Young JW, Lazorick S. Tapping Out: Influence of Organoleptic and Perceived Health Risks on Bottled Versus Municipal Tap Water Consumption Among Obese, Low Socioeconomic Status Pediatric Patients. Expo Health 2020; 12:179-186. [PMID: 33313440 PMCID: PMC7731727 DOI: 10.1007/s12403-019-00302-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
A variety of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), including some known to be obesogenic, can be found in household wastewater. Many are only partially treated by wastewater treatment and drinking water purification systems and can enter municipal drinking water supplies. We evaluated drinking water consumption habits in a cohort of obese pediatric patients to determine the percentage that might avoid exposure to EDCs from drinking municipal tap water. Obese (BMI ≥ 95th percentile) children presenting to an obesity clinic serving a largely poor and rural population were studied. Self-reported race/ethnicity, insurance status and details concerning type and volume of water consumed were obtained from their medical records. Most homes were supplied with municipal, rather than private well water (90.6% vs. 9.4%, respectively). A majority (76.4%) of patients with municipal water as their water supply only drank bottled water. "Taste" and "Health Concerns" were the most commonly endorsed reasons for eschewing tap water. Bottled water consumption among low socioeconomic status patients may reduce their risk for exposure to EDCs in municipal tap water. Further studies are needed to confirm the generalizability of this observation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David N. Collier
- Department of Pediatrics, Brody School of Medicine East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
- Pediatric Healthy Weight Research and Treatment Center, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
- Center for Health Disparities East Carolina University, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
- Integrated Health Sciences Facility Core, Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Aaron Robinson
- Pediatric Healthy Weight Research and Treatment Center, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
| | - Siddhartha Mitra
- Integrated Health Sciences Facility Core, Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Geological Sciences, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
| | - Natalie Taft
- Department of Pediatrics, Brody School of Medicine East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
- Pediatric Healthy Weight Research and Treatment Center, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
| | - Alice Raad
- Pediatric Healthy Weight Research and Treatment Center, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
| | - Suzanne Hudson
- Department of Biostatistics, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jessica Webb Young
- Department of Pediatrics, Levine Children’s Hospital at Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA
| | - Suzanne Lazorick
- Department of Pediatrics, Brody School of Medicine East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
- Pediatric Healthy Weight Research and Treatment Center, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Liu B, Zhang SG, Chang CC. Emerging pollutants-Part II: Treatment. Water Environ Res 2019; 91:1390-1401. [PMID: 31472086 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Recently, emerging pollutants (EPs) have been frequently detected in urban wastewater, surface water, drinking water, and other water bodies. EPs mainly usually include pharmaceuticals and personal care products, endocrine-disrupting chemicals, antibiotic resistance genes, persistent organic pollutants, disinfection by-products, and other industrial chemicals. The potential threat of EPs to ecosystems and human health has attracted worldwide attention. Therefore, how to treat EPs in various water bodies has become one of the research priorities. In this paper, some research results on treatment of EPs published in 2018 were summarized. PRACTITIONER POINTS: At present, more attention has been paid to emerging pollutants (EPs), including pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs), endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), antibiotic resistance genes, persistent organic pollutants, disinfection by-products, etc. Existing EPs disposal technologies mainly include: engineered wetlands and natural systems, biological treatment, physical and physicochemical separation, chemical oxidation, catalysis, etc. This paper reviews some research results on the treatment technologies of EPs published in 2018.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Liu
- Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology, University of Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Shen-Gen Zhang
- Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology, University of Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Chein-Chi Chang
- Department of Engineering and Technical Services, DC Water and Sewer Authority, Washington, District of Columbia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sule MN, Templeton MR, Bond T. Rejection of organic micro-pollutants from water by a tubular, hydrophilic pervaporative membrane designed for irrigation applications. Environ Technol 2015; 37:1382-1389. [PMID: 26585567 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2015.1116610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The links between chemical properties, including those relating to molecular size, solubility, hydrophobicity and vapour pressure, and rejection of model aromatic micro-pollutants by a tubular, hydrophilic polymer pervaporation membrane designed for irrigation applications were investigated. Open air experiments were conducted at room temperature for individual solutions of fluorene, naphthalene, phenol, 1,2-dichlorobenzene, 1,2-diethylbenzene and 2-phenoxyethanol. Percentage rejection generally increased with increased molecular size for the model micro-pollutants (47-86%). Molecular weight and log Kow had the strongest positive relationships with rejection, as demonstrated by respective correlation coefficients of r = 0.898 and 0.824. Rejection was also strongly negatively correlated with aqueous solubility and H-bond δ. However, properties which relate to vapour phase concentrations of the micro-pollutants were not well correlated with rejection. Thus, physicochemical separation processes, rather than vapour pressure, drive removal of aromatic contaminants by the investigated pervaporation tube. This expanded knowledge could be utilized in considering practical applications of pervaporative irrigation systems for treating organic-contaminated waters such as oilfield-produced waters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- May N Sule
- a Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , Imperial College London , London , UK
| | - Michael R Templeton
- a Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , Imperial College London , London , UK
| | - Tom Bond
- a Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , Imperial College London , London , UK
| |
Collapse
|