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Yamada H, Taniguchi S, Shimojima M, Tan L, Kimura M, Morinaga Y, Fukuhara T, Matsuura Y, Komeno T, Furuta Y, Saijo M, Tani H. M Segment-Based Minigenome System of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus as a Tool for Antiviral Drug Screening. Viruses 2021; 13:v13061061. [PMID: 34205062 PMCID: PMC8227636 DOI: 10.3390/v13061061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) is an emerging tick-borne bunyavirus that causes severe disease in humans with case fatality rates of approximately 30%. There are few treatment options for SFTSV infection. SFTSV RNA synthesis is conducted using a virus-encoded complex with RNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity that is required for viral propagation. This complex and its activities are, therefore, potential antiviral targets. A library of small molecule compounds was processed using a high-throughput screening (HTS) based on an SFTSV minigenome assay (MGA) in a 96-well microplate format to identify potential lead inhibitors of SFTSV RNA synthesis. The assay confirmed inhibitory activities of previously reported SFTSV inhibitors, favipiravir and ribavirin. A small-scale screening using MGA identified four candidate inhibitors that inhibited SFTSV minigenome activity by more than 80% while exhibiting less than 20% cell cytotoxicity with selectivity index (SI) values of more than 100. These included mycophenolate mofetil, methotrexate, clofarabine, and bleomycin. Overall, these data demonstrate that the SFTSV MGA is useful for anti-SFTSV drug development research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Yamada
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan; (H.Y.); (L.T.); (M.K.); (Y.M.)
| | - Satoshi Taniguchi
- Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan; (S.T.); shimoji-@nih.go.jp (M.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Masayuki Shimojima
- Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan; (S.T.); shimoji-@nih.go.jp (M.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Long Tan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan; (H.Y.); (L.T.); (M.K.); (Y.M.)
| | - Miyuki Kimura
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan; (H.Y.); (L.T.); (M.K.); (Y.M.)
| | - Yoshitomo Morinaga
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan; (H.Y.); (L.T.); (M.K.); (Y.M.)
| | - Takasuke Fukuhara
- Department of Molecular Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; (T.F.); (Y.M.)
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Matsuura
- Department of Molecular Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; (T.F.); (Y.M.)
- Center for Infectious Diseases Education and Research (CiDER), Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takashi Komeno
- FUJIFILM Toyama Chemical Co., Ltd., Toyama 930-8508, Japan; (T.K.); (Y.F.)
| | - Yousuke Furuta
- FUJIFILM Toyama Chemical Co., Ltd., Toyama 930-8508, Japan; (T.K.); (Y.F.)
| | - Masayuki Saijo
- Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan; (S.T.); shimoji-@nih.go.jp (M.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Hideki Tani
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan; (H.Y.); (L.T.); (M.K.); (Y.M.)
- Department of Virology, Toyama Institute of Health, Toyama 939-0363, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-766-56-8143; Fax: +81-766-56-7326
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Toro-Ascuy D, Santibañez A, Peña V, Beltran-Pavez C, Cottet L, Molina C, Montoya M, Sandoval N, Vásquez-Martínez Y, Mascayano C, Cortez-San Martín M. Development of an Isavirus minigenome system to study the function of the pocket RNA-binding domain of the viral nucleoprotein (NP) in salmon cells. J Fish Dis 2020; 43:197-206. [PMID: 31845350 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The Isavirus is an orthomyxovirus with a genome composed of eight segments of negative single-strand RNA (-ssRNA). It has been proposed that the eight genomic segments of the Isavirus are organized as a ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex called a minigenome, which contains all the viral RNA segments, a viral heterotrimeric polymerase and multiple copies of the viral nucleoprotein (NP). Here, we develop an Isavirus minigenome system and show the importance of the formation of active RNPs and the role of viral NP R189, R194, R302 and K325 residues in the NP RNA-binding domain in the context of RNPs. The results indicate it is possible to generate a minigenome in salmon cells, a composite ISAV RNPs with EGFP-based chimeric vRNA with heterotrimeric polymerase (PB1, PB2, PA) and NP protein using CMV-based auxiliary plasmids. It was also shown that NP R189, R194, R302 and K325 residues are important to generate viral mRNA from the constituted RNPs and a detectable reporter protein. This work is the first salmon cell-based minigenome assay for the Isavirus, which was evaluated by a bioinformatic and functional study of the NP protein in viral RNPs, which showed that correct NP-vRNA interaction is key to the functioning of RNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Toro-Ascuy
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alvaro Santibañez
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Pathogen Control, Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago, Santiago, Chile
| | - Victor Peña
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Pathogen Control, Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carolina Beltran-Pavez
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Pathogen Control, Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luis Cottet
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Pathogen Control, Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago, Santiago, Chile
- Escuela de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias, University Santo Tomas, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristian Molina
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Pathogen Control, Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago, Santiago, Chile
| | - Margarita Montoya
- Cellular Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nicolas Sandoval
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Pathogen Control, Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago, Santiago, Chile
| | - Yesseny Vásquez-Martínez
- Programa Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas Aplicadas, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Santiago, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carolina Mascayano
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marcelo Cortez-San Martín
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Pathogen Control, Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago, Santiago, Chile
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