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Chang YC, Shimoda H, Jiang MC, Hsu YH, Maeda K, Yamada Y, Hsu WL. Gn protein expressed in plants for diagnosis of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:303. [PMID: 38639795 PMCID: PMC11031438 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-024-13135-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) causes the highly fatal disease in humans. To facilitate diagnosis, the native form of subunit glycoprotein (Gn), a prime target for potential vaccines and therapies, was produced in Nicotiana benthamiana using a Bamboo mosaic virus-based vector system. By fusion with secretory signal tags, SSExt, derived from the extension protein, and the (SP)10 motif, the yield of the recombinant Gn (rGn) was remarkably increased to approximately 7 mg/kg infiltrated leaves. Ultimately, an rGn-based ELISA was successfully established for the detection of SFTSV-specific antibodies in serum samples from naturally infected monkeys. As validated with the reference method, the specificity and sensitivity of rGn-ELISA were 94% and 96%, respectively. In conclusion, utilizing well-suited fusion tags facilitates rGn production and purification in substantial quantities while preserving its antigenic properties. The rGn-ELISA, characterized by its commendable sensitivity and specificity could serve as a viable alternative diagnostic method for assessing SFTSV seroprevalence. KEY POINTS: • SFTSV Gn, fused with secretory signal tags, was expressed by the BaMV-based vector. • The plant fusion tags increased expression levels and eased the purification of rGn. • The rGn-ELISA was established and validated; its specificity and sensitivity > 94%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chih Chang
- Doctoral Program in Microbial Genomics, National Chung Hsing University and Academia Sinica, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hiroshi Shimoda
- Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Min-Chao Jiang
- Doctoral Program in Microbial Genomics, National Chung Hsing University and Academia Sinica, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yau-Heiu Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ken Maeda
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Disease, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yumiko Yamada
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Li Hsu
- Doctoral Program in Microbial Genomics, National Chung Hsing University and Academia Sinica, Taichung, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.
- The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan.
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2
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Westover JB, Jung KH, Alkan C, Boardman KM, Van Wettere AJ, Martens C, Rojas I, Hicks P, Thomas AJ, Saindane MT, Bluemling GR, Mao S, Kolykhalov AA, Natchus MG, Bates P, Painter GR, Ikegami T, Gowen BB. Modeling Heartland virus disease in mice and therapeutic intervention with 4'-fluorouridine. J Virol 2024; 98:e0013224. [PMID: 38511932 PMCID: PMC11019845 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00132-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Heartland virus (HRTV) is an emerging tick-borne bandavirus that causes a febrile illness of varying severity in humans, with cases reported in eastern and midwestern regions of the United States. No vaccines or approved therapies are available to prevent or treat HRTV disease. Here, we describe the genetic changes, natural history of disease, and pathogenesis of a mouse-adapted HRTV (MA-HRTV) that is uniformly lethal in 7- to 8-week-old AG129 mice at low challenge doses. We used this model to assess the efficacy of the ribonucleoside analog, 4'-fluorouridine (EIDD-2749), and showed that once-daily oral treatment with 3 mg/kg of drug, initiated after the onset of disease, protects mice against lethal MA-HRTV challenge and reduces viral loads in blood and tissues. Our findings provide insights into HRTV virulence and pathogenesis and support further development of EIDD-2749 as a therapeutic intervention for HRTV disease. IMPORTANCE More than 60 cases of HRTV disease spanning 14 states have been reported to the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The expanding range of the Lone Star tick that transmits HRTV, the growing population of at-risk persons living in geographic areas where the tick is abundant, and the lack of antiviral treatments or vaccines raise significant public health concerns. Here, we report the development of a new small-animal model of lethal HRTV disease to gain insight into HRTV pathogenesis and the application of this model for the preclinical development of a promising new antiviral drug candidate, EIDD-2749. Our findings shed light on how the virus causes disease and support the continued development of EIDD-2749 as a therapeutic for severe cases of HRTV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonna B. Westover
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
- Institute for Antiviral Research, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Kie Hoon Jung
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
- Institute for Antiviral Research, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Cigdem Alkan
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Kirsten M. Boardman
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
- Institute for Antiviral Research, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Arnaud J. Van Wettere
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
- Utah Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Craig Martens
- Research Technologies Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Inioska Rojas
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
- Institute for Antiviral Research, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Philip Hicks
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Aaron J. Thomas
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
- Center for Integrated BioSystems, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Manohar T. Saindane
- Emory Institute for Drug Development, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Shuli Mao
- Emory Institute for Drug Development, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Alexander A. Kolykhalov
- Emory Institute for Drug Development, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Drug Innovation Ventures at Emory (DRIVE), Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Michael G. Natchus
- Emory Institute for Drug Development, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Paul Bates
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - George R. Painter
- Emory Institute for Drug Development, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Drug Innovation Ventures at Emory (DRIVE), Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Tetsuro Ikegami
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
- The Sealy Institute for Vaccine Sciences, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
- The Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Brian B. Gowen
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
- Institute for Antiviral Research, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
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3
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Polat C, Ayhan N, Ergünay K, Charrel RN. Comprehensive evaluation of nucleic acid amplification methods widely used for generic detection of sandfly-borne phleboviruses. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0342823. [PMID: 38456695 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03428-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Sandfly-borne phleboviruses (SBPs), which cause sandfly fever, aseptic meningitis, encephalitis, and meningoencephalitis, are emerging pathogens of major public health concern. Virus nucleic acid testing is essential for SBP diagnosis, especially in the early stages of infection, and for the discovery of novel SBPs. The efficacy of utilizing generic primers that target conserved nucleotide sequences for the detection of both known and novel SBPs has not been extensively evaluated. We aimed to compare and evaluate the performance of five generic primer sets, widely used to detect S- and L-segments of arthropod-borne phleboviruses and designed as singleplex (n = 3) and nested (n = 2) formats, including both well-known and recently characterized 15 Old World virus strains. Furthermore, we performed in silico analysis to assess the detection capabilities of these generic primer sets. The initial evaluation of previously published generic primer sets for SBP detection yielded two singleplex primer sets with the potential to be adapted for use in real-time or high-throughput detection settings. Studies are ongoing to develop and further optimize a preliminary assay and test various hosts and vectors to assess their capacity to detect known and novel viruses. IMPORTANCE Virus nucleic acid testing is the primary diagnostic method, particularly in the early stages of illness. Virus-specific or syndromic tests are widely used for this purpose. The use of generic primers has had a considerable impact on the discovery, identification, and detection of Old World sandfly-borne phleboviruses (OWSBP). The study is significant because it is the first to carry out a comparative evaluation of all published OWSBP generic primer sets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceylan Polat
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
- Unité des Virus Emergents, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Nazli Ayhan
- Unité des Virus Emergents, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
- National Reference Center for Arboviruses, National Institute of Health, and Medical Research (Inserm) and French Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute (IRBA), Marseille, France
| | - Koray Ergünay
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
- Walter Reed Biosystematics Unit (WRBU), Smithsonian Institution Museum Support Center, Suitland, Maryland, USA
- One Health Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR), Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
- Department of Entomology, Smithsonian Institution-National Museum of Natural History (NMNH), Washington, DC, USA
| | - Remi N Charrel
- Unité des Virus Emergents, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
- Laboratoire des Infections Virales Aigues et Tropicales, Pole des Maladies Infectieuses, AP-HM Hopitaux Universitaires de Marseille, Marseille, France
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Ye RZ, Li YY, Xu DL, Wang BH, Wang XY, Zhang MZ, Wang N, Gao WY, Li C, Han XY, Du LF, Xia LY, Song K, Xu Q, Liu J, Cheng N, Li ZH, Du YD, Yu HJ, Shi XY, Jiang JF, Sun Y, Cui XM, Ding SJ, Zhao L, Cao WC. Virome diversity shaped by genetic evolution and ecological landscape of Haemaphysalis longicornis. Microbiome 2024; 12:35. [PMID: 38378577 PMCID: PMC10880243 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-024-01753-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Haemaphysalis longicornis is drawing attentions for its geographic invasion, extending population, and emerging disease threat. However, there are still substantial gaps in our knowledge of viral composition in relation to genetic diversity of H. longicornis and ecological factors, which are important for us to understand interactions between virus and vector, as well as between vector and ecological elements. RESULTS We conducted the meta-transcriptomic sequencing of 136 pools of H. longicornis and identified 508 RNA viruses of 48 viral species, 22 of which have never been reported. Phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrion sequences divided the ticks into two genetic clades, each of which was geographically clustered and significantly associated with ecological factors, including altitude, precipitation, and normalized difference vegetation index. The two clades showed significant difference in virome diversity and shared about one fifth number of viral species that might have evolved to "generalists." Notably, Bandavirus dabieense, the pathogen of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome was only detected in ticks of clade 1, and half number of clade 2-specific viruses were aquatic-animal-associated. CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight that the virome diversity is shaped by internal genetic evolution and external ecological landscape of H. longicornis and provide the new foundation for promoting the studies on virus-vector-ecology interaction and eventually for evaluating the risk of H. longicornis for transmitting the viruses to humans and animals. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Run-Ze Ye
- Institute of EcoHealth, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Yu Li
- Institute of EcoHealth, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Da-Li Xu
- Institute of EcoHealth, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Bai-Hui Wang
- Institute of EcoHealth, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Yang Wang
- Institute of EcoHealth, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Zhu Zhang
- Institute of EcoHealth, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Wang
- Institute of EcoHealth, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wan-Ying Gao
- Institute of EcoHealth, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Li
- Institute of EcoHealth, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Yu Han
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Feng Du
- Institute of EcoHealth, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Luo-Yuan Xia
- Institute of EcoHealth, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Song
- Institute of EcoHealth, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Xu
- Institute of EcoHealth, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Liu
- Institute of EcoHealth, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Nuo Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ze-Hui Li
- Institute of EcoHealth, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Di Du
- Institute of EcoHealth, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Jun Yu
- Institute of EcoHealth, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Yu Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Fu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ming Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
- Research Unit of Discovery and Tracing of Natural Focus Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shu-Jun Ding
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lin Zhao
- Institute of EcoHealth, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wu-Chun Cao
- Institute of EcoHealth, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
- Research Unit of Discovery and Tracing of Natural Focus Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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Shimoyama T, Oba M, Takemae H, Omatsu T, Tani H, Mizutani T. Potent immunogenicity and neutralization of recombinant adeno-associated virus expressing the glycoprotein of severe fever with thrombocytopenia virus. J Vet Med Sci 2024; 86:228-238. [PMID: 38143087 PMCID: PMC10898983 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.23-0375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an infectious disease caused by a tick-borne virus called severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV). In recent years, human infections through contact with ticks and through contact with the bodily fluids of infected dogs and cats have been reported; however, no vaccine is currently available. SFTSV has two glycoproteins (Gn and Gc) on its envelope, which are vaccine-target antigens involved in immunogenicity. In the present study, we constructed novel SFTS vaccine candidates using an adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector to transport the SFTSV glycoprotein genome. AAV vectors are widely used in gene therapy and their safety has been confirmed in clinical trials. Recently, AAV vectors have been used to develop influenza and SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. Two types of vaccines (AAV9-SFTSV Gn and AAV9-SFTSV Gc) carrying SFTSV Gn and Gc genes were produced. The expression of Gn and Gc proteins in HEK293T cells was confirmed by infection with vaccines. These vaccines were inoculated into mice, and the collected sera produced anti-SFTS antibodies. Furthermore, sera from AAV9-SFTSV Gn infected mice showed a potent neutralizing ability, similar to previously reported SFTS vaccine candidates that protected animals from SFTSV infection. These findings suggest that this vaccine is a promising candidate for a new SFTS vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiaki Shimoyama
- Center for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mami Oba
- Center for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Takemae
- Center for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Omatsu
- Center for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideki Tani
- Department of Virology, Toyama Institute of Health, Toyama, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Mizutani
- Center for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
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Matsuura Y, Hamakubo E, Nishiguchi A, Momoi Y, Matsuu A. Elucidation of prognostic factors in the acute phase of feline severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus infection. J Vet Med Sci 2024; 86:211-220. [PMID: 38171741 PMCID: PMC10898982 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.22-0427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a potentially fatal tick-borne zoonotic disease, endemic to Asian regions, including western Japan. Cats appear to suffer a particularly severe form of the disease; however, feline SFTS is not clinically well characterized. Accordingly, in this study, we investigated the associations of, demographic, hematological and biochemical, immunological, and virological parameters with clinical outcome (fatal cases vs. survivors) in SFTSV-positive cats. Viral genomic analysis was also performed. Viral load in blood, total bilirubin, creatine phosphokinase, serum amyloid A, interleukin-6, tumor necrotic factor-α, and virus-specific IgM and IgG differed significantly between survivors and fatal cases, and thus may have utility as prognosticators. Furthermore, survivor profiling revealed high-level of viremia with multiple parameters (white blood cells, platelet, total bilirubin, glucose, and serum amyloid A) beyond the reference range in the 7-day acute phase, and signs of clinical recovery in the post-acute phase (parameters returning to, or tending toward, the reference range). However, SFTSV was still detectable from some survived cats even 14 days after onset of disease, indicating the risk of infection posed by close-contact exposure may persist through the post-acute phase. This study provides useful information for prognostic assessments of acute feline SFTS, and may contribute to early treatment plans for cats with SFTS. Our findings also alert pet owners and animal health professionals to the need for prolonged vigilance against animal-to-human transmission when handling cats that have been diagnosed with SFTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiko Matsuura
- Transboundary Animal Diseases Research Center, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Emu Hamakubo
- Transboundary Animal Diseases Research Center, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | | | - Yasuyuki Momoi
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aya Matsuu
- Transboundary Animal Diseases Research Center, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
- Current affiliation: Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
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7
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Wang B, Zhang L, Deng F, Hu Z, Wang M, Liu J. Hsp90 β is critical for the infection of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus. Virol Sin 2024; 39:113-122. [PMID: 38008382 PMCID: PMC10877427 DOI: 10.1016/j.virs.2023.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) caused by the SFTS virus (SFTSV) is an emerging disease in East Asia with a fatality rate of up to 30%. However, the viral-host interaction of SFTSV remains largely unknown. The heat-shock protein 90 (Hsp90) family consists of highly conserved chaperones that fold and remodel proteins and has a broad impact on the infection of many viruses. Here, we showed that Hsp90 is an important host factor involved in SFTSV infection. Hsp90 inhibitors significantly reduced SFTSV replication, viral protein expression, and the formation of inclusion bodies consisting of nonstructural proteins (NSs). Among viral proteins, NSs appeared to be the most reduced when Hsp90 inhibitors were used, and further analysis showed that their translation was affected. Co-immunoprecipitation of NSs with four isomers of Hsp90 showed that Hsp90 β specifically interacted with them. Knockdown of Hsp90 β expression also inhibited replication of SFTSV. These results suggest that Hsp90 β plays a critical role during SFTSV infection and could be a potential target for the development of drugs against SFTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China; The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Leike Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Fei Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Zhihong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Manli Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Jia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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Xu H, Jian X, Wen Y, Xu M, Jin R, Wu X, Zhou F, Cao J, Xiao G, Peng K, Xie Y, Chen H, Zhang L. A nanoluciferase SFTSV for rapid screening antivirals and real-time visualization of virus infection in mice. EBioMedicine 2024; 99:104944. [PMID: 38176215 PMCID: PMC10806088 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) is an emerging tick-borne pathogen that causes severe hemorrhagic fever in humans, but no FDA-approved specific antivirals or vaccines are available to treat or prevent SFTS. METHODS The plasmids construction and transfection were performed to generate the recombinant SFTSV harboring the nanoluciferase gene (SFTSV-Nluc). Immunostaining plaque assay was performed to measure viral titers, and DNA electrophoresis and Sanger sequencing were performed to evaluate the genetic stability. Luciferase assay and quantitative RT-PCR were performed to evaluate the efficacy of antivirals in vitro. Bioluminescence imaging, titration of virus from excised organs, hematology, and histopathology and immunohistochemistry were performed to evaluate the efficacy of antivirals in vivo. FINDINGS SFTSV-Nluc exhibited high genetic stability and replication kinetics similar to those of wild-type virus (SFTSVwt), then a rapid high-throughput screening system for identifying inhibitors to treat SFTS was developed, and a nucleoside analog, 4-FlU, was identified to effectively inhibit SFTSV in vitro. SFTSV-Nluc mimicked the replication characteristics and localization of SFTSVwt in counterpart model mice. Bioluminescence imaging of SFTSV-Nluc allowed real-time visualization and quantification of SFTSV replication in the mice. 4-FlU was demonstrated to inhibit the replication of SFTSV with more efficiency than T-705 and without obvious adverse effect in vivo. INTERPRETATION The high-throughput screening system based on SFTSV-Nluc for use in vitro and in vivo revealed that a safe and effective antiviral nucleoside analog, 4-FlU, may be a basis for the strategic treatment of SFTSV and other bunyavirus infections, paving the way for the discovery of antivirals. FUNDING This work was supported by grants from the National Key Research and Development Plan of China (2021YFC2300700 to L. Zhang, 2022YFC2303300 to L. Zhang), Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB0490000 to L. Zhang), National Natural Science Foundation of China (31970165 to L. Zhang, U22A20379 to G. Xiao), the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (21S11903100 to Y. Xie), Hubei Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars (2022CFA099 to L. Zhang).
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xiaoqin Jian
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxi Wen
- Department of Pediatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Mengwei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
| | - Runming Jin
- Department of Pediatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Fen Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Junyuan Cao
- Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory, Wuhan, 430200, China
| | - Gengfu Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ke Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | | | - Hongbo Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Leike Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory, Wuhan, 430200, China.
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9
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Zu Z, Lin H, Hu Y, Zheng X, Chen C, Zhao Y, Zhang Z, He N. Seroprevalence and transmission of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus in a coastal endemic area in Southeastern China. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2024; 15:102277. [PMID: 37981467 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2023.102277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a newly emerged tick-borne viral zoonosis and widely prevalent in China, Japan and South Korea. Most reported SFTS cases have been identified in mountainous and hilly areas, with a few in island areas. In this study, we conducted a systematic investigation about natural infection of SFTS virus (SFTSV) among humans, animals and ticks in a coastal endemic prefecture, containing island, plains and mountain settings, in Zhejiang Province, Southeastern China. From July 2020 to June 2021, 1117 participants completed a survey with questionnaire interview and serum testing. Meanwhile, 862 serum samples of domestic animals, 275 spleen tissue samples of wild animals and 829 ticks representing five species (predominantly Haemaphysalis longicornis and Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato) were collected. The seroprevalence of anti-SFTSV total antibody and IgM antibody among the participants was 4.8 % (54/1117) and 0.6 % (7/1117), respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that living in the island area (OR=2.66; 95 %CI: 1.04-6.80; P = 0.041) was significantly associated with seropositivity of total antibody to SFTSV. Furthermore, a higher seroprevalence was observed in domestic animals (36.1 %), while the SFTSV-RNA infection rate was 0.4 % in wild animals and the minimum infection rate (MIR) was 0.8 % for all tick species combined. The only tick species infected with SFTSV was H. longicornis. The prevalence of SFTSV infection in the island area, manifested by anti-SFTSV total antibody (P = 0.012) and IgM antibody (P = 0.004) among humans, anti-SFTSV total antibody (P<0.001) among domestic animals, and SFTSV-RNA among ticks (P = 0.022), was significantly higher than that in the mountainous area and the plain area. Furthermore, phylogenetic analysis showed that SFTSV sequences obtained from ticks in the island area were clustered with reported strains in Japan and South Korea. These results suggest that islands in the study area might be an important natural focus of SFTSV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Zu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, and the Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Haijiang Lin
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, and the Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Taizhou City Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taizhou City, Zhejiang 318001, China
| | - Yafei Hu
- Taizhou City Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taizhou City, Zhejiang 318001, China
| | - Xiang Zheng
- Taizhou City Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taizhou City, Zhejiang 318001, China
| | - Cairong Chen
- Taizhou City Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taizhou City, Zhejiang 318001, China
| | - Yishuang Zhao
- Taizhou City Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taizhou City, Zhejiang 318001, China
| | - Zhiyi Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, and the Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Na He
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, and the Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
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10
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Ishijima K, Phichitraslip T, Naimon N, Ploypichai P, Kriebkajon B, Chinarak T, Sridaphan J, Kritiyakan A, Prasertsincharoen N, Jittapalapong S, Tangcham K, Rerkamnuaychoke W, Kuroda Y, Taira M, Tatemoto K, Park E, Virhuez-Mendoza M, Inoue Y, Harada M, Yamamoto T, Nishino A, Matsuu A, Maeda K. High Seroprevalence of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus Infection among the Dog Population in Thailand. Viruses 2023; 15:2403. [PMID: 38140644 PMCID: PMC10747823 DOI: 10.3390/v15122403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging tick-borne zoonotic disease caused by the SFTS virus (SFTSV). In Thailand, three human cases of SFTS were reported in 2019 and 2020, but there was no report of SFTSV infection in animals. Our study revealed that at least 16.6% of dogs in Thailand were seropositive for SFTSV infection, and the SFTSV-positive dogs were found in several districts in Thailand. Additionally, more than 70% of the serum samples collected at one shelter possessed virus-neutralization antibodies against SFTSV and the near-complete genome sequences of the SFTSV were determined from one dog in the shelter. The dog SFTSV was genetically close to those from Thailand and Chinese patients and belonged to genotype J3. These results indicated that SFTSV has already spread among animals in Thailand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keita Ishijima
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases (NIID), Tokyo 162-8640, Japan; (K.I.); (Y.K.); (M.T.); (K.T.); (E.P.); (M.V.-M.); (Y.I.); (M.H.); (T.Y.); (A.N.); (A.M.)
| | - Thanmaporn Phichitraslip
- Faculty of Veterinary Technology, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (T.P.); (N.N.); (P.P.); (B.K.); (T.C.); (J.S.); (A.K.); (N.P.); (S.J.)
| | - Nattakarn Naimon
- Faculty of Veterinary Technology, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (T.P.); (N.N.); (P.P.); (B.K.); (T.C.); (J.S.); (A.K.); (N.P.); (S.J.)
| | - Preeyaporn Ploypichai
- Faculty of Veterinary Technology, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (T.P.); (N.N.); (P.P.); (B.K.); (T.C.); (J.S.); (A.K.); (N.P.); (S.J.)
| | - Benyapa Kriebkajon
- Faculty of Veterinary Technology, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (T.P.); (N.N.); (P.P.); (B.K.); (T.C.); (J.S.); (A.K.); (N.P.); (S.J.)
| | - Torntun Chinarak
- Faculty of Veterinary Technology, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (T.P.); (N.N.); (P.P.); (B.K.); (T.C.); (J.S.); (A.K.); (N.P.); (S.J.)
| | - Jirasin Sridaphan
- Faculty of Veterinary Technology, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (T.P.); (N.N.); (P.P.); (B.K.); (T.C.); (J.S.); (A.K.); (N.P.); (S.J.)
| | - Anamika Kritiyakan
- Faculty of Veterinary Technology, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (T.P.); (N.N.); (P.P.); (B.K.); (T.C.); (J.S.); (A.K.); (N.P.); (S.J.)
| | - Noppadol Prasertsincharoen
- Faculty of Veterinary Technology, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (T.P.); (N.N.); (P.P.); (B.K.); (T.C.); (J.S.); (A.K.); (N.P.); (S.J.)
| | - Sathaporn Jittapalapong
- Faculty of Veterinary Technology, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (T.P.); (N.N.); (P.P.); (B.K.); (T.C.); (J.S.); (A.K.); (N.P.); (S.J.)
| | - Kanate Tangcham
- Office of Veterinary Public Health, Department of Health, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Worawut Rerkamnuaychoke
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Rajamangala University of Technology Tawan-ok, Chonburi 20110, Thailand;
| | - Yudai Kuroda
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases (NIID), Tokyo 162-8640, Japan; (K.I.); (Y.K.); (M.T.); (K.T.); (E.P.); (M.V.-M.); (Y.I.); (M.H.); (T.Y.); (A.N.); (A.M.)
| | - Masakatsu Taira
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases (NIID), Tokyo 162-8640, Japan; (K.I.); (Y.K.); (M.T.); (K.T.); (E.P.); (M.V.-M.); (Y.I.); (M.H.); (T.Y.); (A.N.); (A.M.)
| | - Kango Tatemoto
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases (NIID), Tokyo 162-8640, Japan; (K.I.); (Y.K.); (M.T.); (K.T.); (E.P.); (M.V.-M.); (Y.I.); (M.H.); (T.Y.); (A.N.); (A.M.)
| | - Eunsil Park
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases (NIID), Tokyo 162-8640, Japan; (K.I.); (Y.K.); (M.T.); (K.T.); (E.P.); (M.V.-M.); (Y.I.); (M.H.); (T.Y.); (A.N.); (A.M.)
| | - Milagros Virhuez-Mendoza
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases (NIID), Tokyo 162-8640, Japan; (K.I.); (Y.K.); (M.T.); (K.T.); (E.P.); (M.V.-M.); (Y.I.); (M.H.); (T.Y.); (A.N.); (A.M.)
| | - Yusuke Inoue
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases (NIID), Tokyo 162-8640, Japan; (K.I.); (Y.K.); (M.T.); (K.T.); (E.P.); (M.V.-M.); (Y.I.); (M.H.); (T.Y.); (A.N.); (A.M.)
- Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
| | - Michiko Harada
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases (NIID), Tokyo 162-8640, Japan; (K.I.); (Y.K.); (M.T.); (K.T.); (E.P.); (M.V.-M.); (Y.I.); (M.H.); (T.Y.); (A.N.); (A.M.)
- Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Yamamoto
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases (NIID), Tokyo 162-8640, Japan; (K.I.); (Y.K.); (M.T.); (K.T.); (E.P.); (M.V.-M.); (Y.I.); (M.H.); (T.Y.); (A.N.); (A.M.)
- Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
| | - Ayano Nishino
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases (NIID), Tokyo 162-8640, Japan; (K.I.); (Y.K.); (M.T.); (K.T.); (E.P.); (M.V.-M.); (Y.I.); (M.H.); (T.Y.); (A.N.); (A.M.)
- Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
| | - Aya Matsuu
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases (NIID), Tokyo 162-8640, Japan; (K.I.); (Y.K.); (M.T.); (K.T.); (E.P.); (M.V.-M.); (Y.I.); (M.H.); (T.Y.); (A.N.); (A.M.)
| | - Ken Maeda
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases (NIID), Tokyo 162-8640, Japan; (K.I.); (Y.K.); (M.T.); (K.T.); (E.P.); (M.V.-M.); (Y.I.); (M.H.); (T.Y.); (A.N.); (A.M.)
- Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
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11
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Rim JM, Han SW, Cho YK, Kang JG, Choi KS, Chae JS. Serologic and Molecular Prevalence of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus Among Poultry in the Republic of Korea. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2023; 23:662-669. [PMID: 37788402 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2023.0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease caused by Dabie bandavirus, which belongs to the genus Bandavirus, family Phenuiviridae, and order Bunyavirales. It has been found in tick species, various animals, and humans. The aim of this study was to detect RNA of antigens and antibodies against SFTS virus (SFTSV) among poultry such as chickens, ducks, and wild geese from five provinces in the Republic of Korea (ROK). Materials and Methods: A one-step reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR and nested PCR were performed after viral RNA extraction. The phylogenetic tree was constructed after sequencing data were analyzed and aligned. An indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and a neutralization test (NT) were performed to test for IgG antibodies of SFTSV. Results: Of a total of 606 poultry serum samples collected, 568 and 539 serum samples were used to perform ELISA and NT, respectively. Of a total of 606 serum samples tested by RT-PCR targeting the S segment, 15 (2.5%) were positive for SFTSV. From the 15 positive serum samples for the SFTSV antigen, three from chickens, three from ducks, and one from wild geese were classified as genotype B-2; one from chickens was classified as genotype B-3; and three from chickens and four from wild geese were classified as genotype D. Of the 568 serum samples tested by ELISA, 83 (28.0%) from chickens, 81 (32.9%) from ducks, and 8 (30.8%) from wild geese were seropositive. Of the 539 serum samples for which an NT was performed, 113 (38.6%) from chickens and 75 (30.5%) from ducks were positive for SFTSV antibodies. Conclusions: The results of this study provide useful information regarding detection of SFTSV RNA and antibodies among poultry and the possibility of SFTSV transmission in various types of poultry, including chickens, ducks, and wild geese, in the ROK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Min Rim
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, BK21 FOUR Future Veterinary Medicine Leading Education and Research Centre, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Woo Han
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, BK21 FOUR Future Veterinary Medicine Leading Education and Research Centre, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Kyoung Cho
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, BK21 FOUR Future Veterinary Medicine Leading Education and Research Centre, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Gu Kang
- Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Seong Choi
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, College of Ecology and Environmental Science, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon-Seok Chae
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, BK21 FOUR Future Veterinary Medicine Leading Education and Research Centre, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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12
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Fang C, Liu Y, Tang F, Liu L, Guo P, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Ma X, Hu Z, Li S, Wang G, Cheng S, Zhang X, Zhang J, Zhang X, Liu W. Identification of Mudanjiang Phlebovirus in the Daxing'anling Region of China. Viruses 2023; 15:2353. [PMID: 38140594 PMCID: PMC10747047 DOI: 10.3390/v15122353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Mudanjiang phlebovirus (MJPV) is a newly discovered phlebovirus, initially detected from Ixodes persulcatus ticks in China in 2022. In this study, by next-generation sequencing (NGS) on a wide variety of ticks and wild small animals in China, we detected MJPV from I. persulcatus and Meriones meridianus. Additionally, we conducted RT-PCR and sequencing on 1815 adult ticks and 805 wild small mammals collected from eight provinces in China between 2017 and 2021. MJPV RNA-positive results were found in 0.22% (4/1815) of tick samples, as well as in 0.12% (1/805) of rodent samples. All positive detections were obtained from Heilongjiang and Inner Mongolia. Sequencing analysis revealed nucleotide similarities ranging from 98.23% to 99.11%, as well as amino acid similarities ranging from 99.12% to100%, between the current MJPV strain and previously reported strains of MJPV. Phylogenetic tree analysis demonstrated that the previously reported MJPV strain along with our two variants clustered together with other tick-borne phenuiviruses, indicating their close relationship within this viral group. This study represents the first detection of MJPV infection in wild rodents, expanding the known host range for this virus in the endemic regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenli Fang
- College of Life Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China; (C.F.); (S.C.); (X.Z.)
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China; (Y.Z.); (J.Z.); (S.L.); (G.W.)
| | - Yantao Liu
- Qingdao Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao 266033, China; (Y.L.); (X.M.)
| | - Fang Tang
- Institute of Medical Prevention and Control of Public Health Emergencies, Characteristic Medical Center of the Chinese People’s Armed Police Force, Beijing 102613, China;
| | - Liming Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, China;
| | - Peijun Guo
- Yantai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yantai 264003, China;
| | - Yunfa Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China; (Y.Z.); (J.Z.); (S.L.); (G.W.)
| | - Jingtao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China; (Y.Z.); (J.Z.); (S.L.); (G.W.)
| | - Xiaofang Ma
- Qingdao Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao 266033, China; (Y.L.); (X.M.)
| | - Zhenyu Hu
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China;
| | - Shuang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China; (Y.Z.); (J.Z.); (S.L.); (G.W.)
| | - Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China; (Y.Z.); (J.Z.); (S.L.); (G.W.)
| | - Shiwei Cheng
- College of Life Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China; (C.F.); (S.C.); (X.Z.)
| | - Xingxiao Zhang
- College of Life Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China; (C.F.); (S.C.); (X.Z.)
| | - Jianlong Zhang
- College of Life Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China; (C.F.); (S.C.); (X.Z.)
| | - Xiaoai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China; (Y.Z.); (J.Z.); (S.L.); (G.W.)
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China; (Y.Z.); (J.Z.); (S.L.); (G.W.)
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China;
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13
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Kuan CY, Ou SC, Chang CC, Kao PL, Tsai RS, Rattanapanadda P, Lin TL, Maeda K, Cheng TL, Lee YJ, Chuang ST, Lin SL, Liu HY, Lin FY, Lin JW, Hsu WL, Chou CC. Epidemiology of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome in Dogs and Cats in Taiwan. Viruses 2023; 15:2338. [PMID: 38140579 PMCID: PMC10747826 DOI: 10.3390/v15122338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome (SFTS), caused by the SFTS Virus (SFTSV), is a global health threat. SFTSV in Taiwan has only been reported in ruminants and wild animals. Thus, we aimed to investigate the infection statuses of dogs and cats, the animals with closer human interactions. Overall, the SFTSV RNA prevalence was 23% (170/735), with dogs showing a 25.9% (111/429) prevalence and cats at 19.3% (59/306) prevalence. Noticeably, the prevalence in stray animals (39.8% 77/193) was significantly higher than in domesticated ones (17.2%, 93/542). Among the four categories analyzed, the highest SFTSV prevalence was found in the stray dogs at 53.9% (120/193), significantly higher than the 24.2% prevalence noted in stray cats. In contrast, domesticated animals exhibited similar prevalence rates, with 17.1% for dogs and 17.2% for cats. It is noteworthy that in the domesticated animal groups, a significantly elevated prevalence (45%, 9/20) was observed among cats exhibiting thrombocytopenia compared to those platelet counts in the reference range (4.8%, 1/21). The high infection rate in stray animals, especially stray dogs, indicated that exposure to various outdoor environments influences the prevalence of infections. Given the higher human interaction with dogs and cats, there is a need for proactive measures to reduce the risk associated with the infection of SFTSV in both animals and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Ying Kuan
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan; (C.-Y.K.); (S.-C.O.); (C.-C.C.); (R.-S.T.)
| | - Shan-Chia Ou
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan; (C.-Y.K.); (S.-C.O.); (C.-C.C.); (R.-S.T.)
| | - Chao-Chin Chang
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan; (C.-Y.K.); (S.-C.O.); (C.-C.C.); (R.-S.T.)
| | - Pei-Ling Kao
- Graduate Institute of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan;
| | - Ruei-Sheng Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan; (C.-Y.K.); (S.-C.O.); (C.-C.C.); (R.-S.T.)
| | - Porjai Rattanapanadda
- Food and Drug Administration, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand;
| | - Tsai-Lu Lin
- New Taipei City Government Animal Protection and Health Inspection Office, New Taipei City 220066, Taiwan;
| | - Ken Maeda
- National Institute of Infectious Disease, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan;
| | - Tsun-Li Cheng
- Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan;
| | - Ya-Jane Lee
- Veterinary Hospital, College of Bio-Resources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan;
| | - Shih-Te Chuang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan; (S.-T.C.); (S.-L.L.)
| | - Shiun-Long Lin
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan; (S.-T.C.); (S.-L.L.)
| | - Hsien-Yueh Liu
- Department of Animal Healthcare, Hungkuang University, Taichung 433304, Taiwan; (H.-Y.L.); (J.-W.L.)
| | - Fong-Yuan Lin
- Department of Animal Healthcare, Hungkuang University, Taichung 433304, Taiwan; (H.-Y.L.); (J.-W.L.)
| | - Jen-Wei Lin
- Department of Animal Healthcare, Hungkuang University, Taichung 433304, Taiwan; (H.-Y.L.); (J.-W.L.)
| | - Wei-Li Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan; (C.-Y.K.); (S.-C.O.); (C.-C.C.); (R.-S.T.)
- The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chung Chou
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan; (S.-T.C.); (S.-L.L.)
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14
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Balaraman V, Indran SV, Li Y, Meekins DA, Jakkula LUMR, Liu H, Hays MP, Souza-Neto JA, Gaudreault NN, Hardwidge PR, Wilson WC, Weber F, Richt JA. Identification of Host Factors for Rift Valley Fever Phlebovirus. Viruses 2023; 15:2251. [PMID: 38005928 PMCID: PMC10675714 DOI: 10.3390/v15112251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Rift Valley fever phlebovirus (RVFV) is a zoonotic pathogen that causes Rift Valley fever (RVF) in livestock and humans. Currently, there is no licensed human vaccine or antiviral drug to control RVF. Although multiple species of animals and humans are vulnerable to RVFV infection, host factors affecting susceptibility are not well understood. To identify the host factors or genes essential for RVFV replication, we conducted CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screening in human A549 cells. We then validated the putative genes using siRNA-mediated knock-downs and CRISPR-Cas9-mediated knock-out studies. The role of a candidate gene in the virus replication cycle was assessed by measuring intracellular viral RNA accumulation, and the virus titers were analyzed using plaque assay or TCID50 assay. We identified approximately 900 genes with potential involvement in RVFV infection and replication. Further evaluation of the effect of six genes on viral replication using siRNA-mediated knock-downs revealed that silencing two genes (WDR7 and LRP1) significantly impaired RVFV replication. For further analysis, we focused on the WDR7 gene since the role of the LRP1 gene in RVFV replication was previously described in detail. WDR7 knockout A549 cell lines were generated and used to dissect the effect of WRD7 on a bunyavirus, RVFV, and an orthobunyavirus, La Crosse encephalitis virus (LACV). We observed significant effects of WDR7 knockout cells on both intracellular RVFV RNA levels and viral titers. At the intracellular RNA level, WRD7 affected RVFV replication at a later phase of its replication cycle (24 h) when compared with the LACV replication, which was affected in an earlier replication phase (12 h). In summary, we identified WDR7 as an essential host factor for the replication of two different viruses, RVFV and LACV, both of which belong to the Bunyavirales order. Future studies will investigate the mechanistic role through which WDR7 facilitates phlebovirus replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Velmurugan Balaraman
- Center of Excellence for Emerging and Zoonotic Animal Diseases, Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, 1800 Denison Ave, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Sabarish V. Indran
- Center of Excellence for Emerging and Zoonotic Animal Diseases, Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, 1800 Denison Ave, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Yonghai Li
- Center of Excellence for Emerging and Zoonotic Animal Diseases, Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, 1800 Denison Ave, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - David A. Meekins
- Center of Excellence for Emerging and Zoonotic Animal Diseases, Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, 1800 Denison Ave, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Laxmi U. M. R. Jakkula
- Center of Excellence for Emerging and Zoonotic Animal Diseases, Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, 1800 Denison Ave, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Heidi Liu
- Center of Excellence for Emerging and Zoonotic Animal Diseases, Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, 1800 Denison Ave, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Micheal P. Hays
- Center of Excellence for Emerging and Zoonotic Animal Diseases, Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, 1800 Denison Ave, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Jayme A. Souza-Neto
- Center of Excellence for Emerging and Zoonotic Animal Diseases, Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, 1800 Denison Ave, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Natasha N. Gaudreault
- Center of Excellence for Emerging and Zoonotic Animal Diseases, Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, 1800 Denison Ave, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Philip R. Hardwidge
- Center of Excellence for Emerging and Zoonotic Animal Diseases, Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, 1800 Denison Ave, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - William C. Wilson
- Foreign Arthropod-Borne Animal Diseases Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, National Bio and Agro-Defense Facility, Agricultural Research Service, 1980 Denison Ave, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Friedemann Weber
- Institute for Virology, FB10—Veterinary Medicine, Justus-Liebig University, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Juergen A. Richt
- Center of Excellence for Emerging and Zoonotic Animal Diseases, Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, 1800 Denison Ave, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
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15
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Saga Y, Yoshida T, Yoshida R, Yazawa S, Shimada T, Inasaki N, Itamochi M, Yamazaki E, Oishi K, Tani H. Long-Term Detection and Isolation of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome (SFTS) Virus in Dog Urine. Viruses 2023; 15:2228. [PMID: 38005905 PMCID: PMC10675301 DOI: 10.3390/v15112228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a tick-borne infection caused by the SFTS virus (SFTSV), with a high fatality rate of approximately 30% in humans. In recent years, cases of contact infection with SFTSV via bodily fluids of infected dogs and cats have been reported. In this study, clinical and virological analyses were performed in two dogs in which SFTSV infection was confirmed for the first time in the Toyama prefecture. Both dogs recovered; however, one was severely ill and the other mildly ill. The amount of the SFTSV gene was reduced to almost similar levels in both dogs. In the dogs' sera, the SFTSV gene was detected at a low level but fell below the detection limit approximately 2 weeks after onset. Notably, the SFTSV gene was detected at levels several thousand times higher in urine than in other specimens from both dogs. Furthermore, the gene was detected in the urine for a long period of >2 months. The clinical signs disappeared on days 1 or 6 after onset, but infectious SFTSV was detected in the urine up to 3 weeks later. Therefore, it is necessary to be careful about contact with bodily fluids, especially urine, even after symptoms have disappeared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumiko Saga
- Department of Virology, Toyama Institute of Health, Toyama 939-0363, Japan; (Y.S.)
| | | | | | - Shunsuke Yazawa
- Department of Virology, Toyama Institute of Health, Toyama 939-0363, Japan; (Y.S.)
| | - Takahisa Shimada
- Department of Virology, Toyama Institute of Health, Toyama 939-0363, Japan; (Y.S.)
| | - Noriko Inasaki
- Department of Virology, Toyama Institute of Health, Toyama 939-0363, Japan; (Y.S.)
| | - Masae Itamochi
- Department of Virology, Toyama Institute of Health, Toyama 939-0363, Japan; (Y.S.)
| | - Emiko Yamazaki
- Department of Virology, Toyama Institute of Health, Toyama 939-0363, Japan; (Y.S.)
| | - Kazunori Oishi
- Director-General Office, Toyama Institute of Health, Toyama 939-0363, Japan
- Department of Bacteriology, Toyama Institute of Health, Toyama 939-0363, Japan
| | - Hideki Tani
- Department of Virology, Toyama Institute of Health, Toyama 939-0363, Japan; (Y.S.)
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16
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Mekata H, Kobayashi I, Okabayashi T. Detection and phylogenetic analysis of Dabieshan tick virus and Okutama tick virus in ticks collected from Cape Toi, Japan. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2023; 14:102237. [PMID: 37595529 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2023.102237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
New technologies have led to the discovery of novel tick-borne and tick-associated viruses. Dabieshan tick virus (DaTV) and Okutama tick virus (OkTV), which belong to the family Phenuiviridae, were discovered in ticks in China and Japan, respectively, in the 2010s. Although it is unknown whether these viruses cause disease in animals or humans, all tick-associated viruses have the potential to become etiological agents of infectious diseases through gene reassortment. Therefore, it is important to elucidate the ecology of these viruses, regardless of their pathogenicity. In this study, ticks were collected year-round in Cape Toi, Miyazaki Prefecture, Japan, and an epidemiological survey of tick-associated phenuiviruses was performed. A total of 516 ticks collected from the vegetation by dragging flannel sheets were used for analysis. Pan-phenuivirus reverse transcription PCR was performed on the tick samples, and DaTV and OkTV were detected. We found that 37.0% (85/230) and 23% (16/71) of nymphal and adult Haemaphysalis longicornis were infected with DaTV, respectively, and 10% (6/62) and 13% (1/8) of nymphal and adult Haemaphysalis flava were infected with OkTV, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the DaTV identified in this study formed a unique clade that was distinct from the strains identified in China. The survey revealed that DaTV is distributed not only in China, but also in Japan. We believe that this study contributes to our understanding of the prevalence of tick-associated viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirohisa Mekata
- Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen-kibanadai Nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan.
| | - Ikuo Kobayashi
- Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen-kibanadai Nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan; Field Science Center, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 10100-1 Shimanouchi, Miyazaki 880-0121, Japan
| | - Tamaki Okabayashi
- Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen-kibanadai Nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
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17
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Kim D, Lai CJ, Cha I, Kang S, Yang WS, Choi Y, Jung JU. SFTSV Gn-Head mRNA vaccine confers efficient protection against lethal viral challenge. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e29203. [PMID: 37909776 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) is an emerging tick-borne virus, causing thrombocytopenia and hemorrhagic fever, with a fatality rate ranging from 12% to 30%. SFTSV possesses Gn and Gc glycoproteins, which are responsible for host cell receptor attachment and membrane fusion, respectively, to infect host cells. We have previously reported a protein subunit vaccine candidate (sGn-H-FT) of the SFTSV soluble Gn head region (sGn-H) fused with self-assembling ferritin (FT) nanoparticles, displaying strong protective immunogenicity. In this study, we present messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine candidates encoding sGn-H or sGn-H-FT, both of which exhibit potent in vivo immunogenicity and protection capacity. Mice immunized with either sGn-H or sGn-H-FT mRNA lipid nanoparticle (LNP) vaccine produced strong total antibodies and neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) against sGn-H. Importantly, NAb titers remained high for an extended period. Finally, mice immunized with sGn-H or sGn-H-FT mRNA LNP vaccine were fully protected from a lethal dose of SFTSV challenge, showing no fatality. These findings underscore the promise of sGn-H and sGn-H-FT as vaccine antigen candidates capable of providing protective immunity against SFTSV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dokyun Kim
- Department of Cancer Biology and Infection Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Global Center for Pathogen Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Ohio, USA
| | - Chih-Jen Lai
- Department of Cancer Biology and Infection Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Global Center for Pathogen Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Ohio, USA
| | - Inho Cha
- Department of Cancer Biology and Infection Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Seokmin Kang
- Department of Cancer Biology and Infection Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Global Center for Pathogen Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Ohio, USA
| | - Wan-Shan Yang
- Department of Cancer Biology and Infection Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Global Center for Pathogen Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Ohio, USA
| | - Younho Choi
- Florida Research and Innovation Center, Cleveland Clinic, Port St. Lucie, Florida, USA
| | - Jae U Jung
- Department of Cancer Biology and Infection Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Global Center for Pathogen Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Ohio, USA
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18
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Yuan C, Lu Y, Li J, Chen C, Wang Y, Zheng A, Zou Z, Xia Q. Infection and transovarial transmission of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus in Rhipicephalus sanguineus in Hainan Island, China. Integr Zool 2023; 18:1009-1013. [PMID: 36905201 DOI: 10.1111/1749-4877.12716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) RNA level increased in female ticks after injection with SFTSV. Furthermore, SFTSV RNA was detected in the eggs and larvae that originated from the virus-infected female ticks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanfei Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, School of Tropical Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Yajun Lu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, School of Tropical Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Jinqian Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, School of Tropical Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, School of Tropical Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Yanhong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Aihua Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qianfeng Xia
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, School of Tropical Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
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19
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Han SW, Cho YK, Rim JM, Kang JG, Choi KS, Chae JS. Molecular and Serological Survey of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus in Horses from the Republic of Korea. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2023; 23:595-603. [PMID: 37682292 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2022.0101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging zoonotic tick-borne disease in East Asia caused by the SFTS virus (SFTSV). It is to investigate the presence of SFTSV RNA and antibodies in horses from a slaughterhouse and equestrian centers in the Republic of Korea (ROK). A prevalence study of SFTSV-specific RNA and antibodies was designed from 889 horses in the ROK. Materials and Methods: Serum samples were collected from horses at a slaughterhouse and equestrian centers from 2018 to 2020. To detect the presence of SFTSV, RNA was extracted from the serum samples, and a nested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was conducted. Sequencing data were analyzed, and a phylogenetic tree was constructed using the maximum-likelihood method with Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis Version 7.0 software. The horse sera were also tested for SFTSV-specific immunoglobulin G antibodies using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: Twelve of 889 (1.3%) horse sera were positive for SFTSV RNA, and 452 of 887 (51.0%) horse sera were seropositive by ELISA. Among the RT-PCR-positive samples, 12 of the SFTSV S-segment sequences were classified as sub-genotypes B-2 (n = 6) and B-3 (n = 6). ELISA analysis was evaluated by comparison with neutralization test. We investigated SFTSV infection in horses over a 3-year period, but sampling was not performed evenly by season; continuous surveillance of SFTSV in horses is needed. Conclusions: We report the detection of SFTSV RNA and provide serological data on SFTSV prevalence in horses in the ROK. The detection of SFTSV-specific RNA and antibodies in horses, which are in close proximity to humans, suggests that SFTS is an emerging and important health issue, indicating that more attention to its relevance for equestrian workers is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Woo Han
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, BK21 FOUR Future Veterinary Medicine Leading Education and Research Centre, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Kyoung Cho
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, BK21 FOUR Future Veterinary Medicine Leading Education and Research Centre, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Min Rim
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, BK21 FOUR Future Veterinary Medicine Leading Education and Research Centre, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Gu Kang
- Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Seong Choi
- College of Ecology and Environmental Science, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon-Seok Chae
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, BK21 FOUR Future Veterinary Medicine Leading Education and Research Centre, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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20
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Rattanakomol P, Khongwichit S, Chuchaona W, Vongpunsawad S, Poovorawan Y. Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus genotype B in Thailand. Arch Virol 2023; 168:271. [PMID: 37833439 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-023-05897-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) has been reported in many countries in Southeast Asia, which expands the original geographic range of China, Korea, and Japan. Here, we report the complete genome sequences of two Thai SFTSV strains previously identified in patients with undifferentiated febrile illness in 2020. Phylogenetically, both clustered with SFTSV genotype B strains and were most closely related to those previously reported in central China (≥99.0% nucleotide sequence identity) in the L, M, and S gene segments. Nine amino acid residues encoded by one or more Thai SFTSV genomes differed from those found in global strains. Interestingly, the observed differences in numerous residues between the Thai strains suggest possible separate introductions of different variants into the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patthaya Rattanakomol
- Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sarawut Khongwichit
- Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Watchaporn Chuchaona
- Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sompong Vongpunsawad
- Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yong Poovorawan
- Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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21
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Calzolari M, Russo S, Marzani K, Dalmonte G, Ricchi M, Bonilauri P. Development of a Real-Time PCR Assay for the Detection of the Phlebovirus Fermo Virus. Viruses 2023; 15:2082. [PMID: 37896859 PMCID: PMC10612048 DOI: 10.3390/v15102082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Fermo virus is a Phlebovirus that is increasingly reported in sand flies from northern Italy. The natural cycle is not fully understood, but the virus has been detected by direct methods only in sand flies. Although there is serological evidence that it can infect vertebrates, the virus has not been directly detected in animals or humans. Here, we have developed and reported a specific real-time PCR for Fermo virus. The availability of the described method will be useful to characterize the epidemiology of the FERV, ensuring, compared to previously available protocols, a more sensitive detection in insects and the possible detection in vertebrates to evaluate the presence of reservoirs and the pathogenic potential of the virus in humans or animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Calzolari
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna “B. Ubertini”, 25124 Brescia, Italy; (S.R.); (K.M.); (G.D.); (M.R.); (P.B.)
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22
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Li Y, Wang XY, Li YF, Li DX, Hu X, Zhu L, You AG, Wang HF, Ye Y, Guo WS, Huang XY. [The epidemiology and pathogeny investigation of two clusters of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome disease outbreaking in Henan Province, 2022]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2023; 57:1719-1724. [PMID: 37859394 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20221130-01162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
To investigate two clusters of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) in Xinyang City, Henan Province, in 2022, and analyze their causes, transmission route, risk factors, and the characteristics of virus genetic variation. Case search and case investigation were carried out according to the case definition. Blood samples from cases, family members and neighbors and samples of biological vectors were collected for RT-PCR to detect SFTSV. The whole genome sequencing and bioinformatics analysis were performed on the collected positive samples. A total of two clustered outbreaks occurred, involving two initial cases and ten secondary cases, all of which were family recurrent cases. Among them, nine secondary cases had close contact with the blood of the initial case, and it was determined that close contact with blood was the main risk factor for the two clustered outbreaks. After genome sequencing analysis, we found that the SFTSV genotype in two cases was type A, which was closely related to previous endemic strains in Xinyang. The nucleotide sequence of the SFTSV in the case was highly homologous, with a total of nine amino acid mutation sites in the coding region. It was not ruled out that its mutation sites might have an impact on the outbreak of the epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Microbiology/Infectious Disease Control and Prevention Institute, Henan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou 450016, China
| | - X Y Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Microbiology/Infectious Disease Control and Prevention Institute, Henan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou 450016, China College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Y F Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Microbiology/Infectious Disease Control and Prevention Institute, Henan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou 450016, China
| | - D X Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Microbiology/Infectious Disease Control and Prevention Institute, Henan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou 450016, China
| | - X Hu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Microbiology/Infectious Disease Control and Prevention Institute, Henan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou 450016, China
| | - L Zhu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Microbiology/Infectious Disease Control and Prevention Institute, Henan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou 450016, China
| | - A G You
- Henan Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Microbiology/Infectious Disease Control and Prevention Institute, Henan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou 450016, China
| | - H F Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Microbiology/Infectious Disease Control and Prevention Institute, Henan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou 450016, China
| | - Y Ye
- Henan Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Microbiology/Infectious Disease Control and Prevention Institute, Henan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou 450016, China
| | - W S Guo
- Henan Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Microbiology/Infectious Disease Control and Prevention Institute, Henan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou 450016, China
| | - X Y Huang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Microbiology/Infectious Disease Control and Prevention Institute, Henan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou 450016, China
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23
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Zhang X, Zhao C, Si X, Hu Q, Zheng A. Natural circulation of tick-borne severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus in the city ecosystem, China. Virol Sin 2023; 38:832-835. [PMID: 37634660 PMCID: PMC10590691 DOI: 10.1016/j.virs.2023.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
•Hedgehogs and Haemaphysalis longicornis ticks can maintain the natural circulation of SFTSV in the city ecosystem. •Hedgehogs and H. longicornis ticks are becoming common in Beijing. •Parthenogenetic H. longicornis ticks are discovered in Beijing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chaoyue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaoxi Si
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Qiang Hu
- College of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Aihua Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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24
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Park JY, Sivasankar C, Kirthika P, Prabhu D, Lee JH. Non-Structural Protein-W61 as a Novel Target in Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus (SFTSV): An In-Vitro and In-Silico Study on Protein-Protein Interactions with Nucleoprotein and Viral Replication. Viruses 2023; 15:1963. [PMID: 37766369 PMCID: PMC10535573 DOI: 10.3390/v15091963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The non-structural protein (NSs) and nucleoprotein (NP) of the severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) encoded by the S segment are crucial for viral pathogenesis. They reside in viroplasm-like structures (VLS), but their interaction and their significance in viral propagation remain unclear. Here, we investigated the significance of the association between NSs and NP during viral infection through in-silico and in-vitro analyses. Through in-silico analysis, three possible binding sites were predicted, at positions C6S (Cystein at 6th position to Serine), W61Y (Tryptophan 61st to Tyrosine), and S207T (Serine 207th to Threonine), three mutants of NSs were developed by site-directed mutagenesis and tested for NP interaction by co-immunoprecipitation. NSsW61Y failed to interact with the nucleoprotein, which was substantiated by the conformational changes observed in the structural analyses. Additionally, molecular docking analysis corroborated that the NSW61Y mutant protein does not interact well compared to wild-type NSs. Over-expression of wild-type NSs in HeLa cells increased the SFTSV replication by five folds, but NSsW61Y exhibited 1.9-folds less viral replication than wild-type. We demonstrated that the W61Y alteration was implicated in the reduction of NSs-NP interaction and viral replication. Thus, the present study identified a critical NSs site, which could be targeted for development of therapeutic regimens against SFTSV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Young Park
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea (P.K.)
| | - Chandran Sivasankar
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea (P.K.)
| | - Perumalraja Kirthika
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea (P.K.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Dhamodharan Prabhu
- Centre for Drug Discovery, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore 641021, India;
| | - John Hwa Lee
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea (P.K.)
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25
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Ren YT, Tian HP, Xu JL, Liu MQ, Cai K, Chen SL, Ni XB, Li YR, Hou W, Chen LJ. Extensive genetic diversity of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus circulating in Hubei Province, China, 2018-2022. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2023; 17:e0011654. [PMID: 37721962 PMCID: PMC10538666 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV), an etiological agent causing febrile human disease was identified as an emerging tick-borne bunyavirus. The clinical disease characteristics and case fatality rates of SFTSV may vary across distinct regions and among different variant genotypes. From 2018 to 2022, we surveyed and recruited 202 severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) patients in Hubei Province, a high-incidence area of the epidemic, and conducted timely and systematic research on the disease characteristics, SFTSV diversity, and the correlation between virus genome variation and clinical diseases. Our study identified at least 6 genotypes of SFTSV prevalent in Hubei Province based on the analysis of the S, M, and L genome sequences of 88 virus strains. Strikingly, the dominant genotype of SFTSV was found to change during the years, indicating a dynamic shift in viral genetic diversity in the region. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the genetic exchange of Hubei SFTSV strains was relatively frequent, including 3 reassortment strains and 8 recombination strains. Despite the limited sample size, SFTSV C1 genotype may be associated with higher mortality compared to the other four genotypes, and the serum amyloid A (SAA) level, an inflammatory biomarker, was significantly elevated in these patients. Overall, our data summarize the disease characteristics of SFTSV in Hubei Province, highlight the profound changes in viral genetic diversity, and indicate the need for in-depth monitoring and exploration of the relationship between viral mutations and disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-ting Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Virology/Department of Laboratory Medicine/Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Zhongnan Hospital/School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong-pan Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Virology/Department of Laboratory Medicine/Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Zhongnan Hospital/School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jia-le Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology/Department of Laboratory Medicine/Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Zhongnan Hospital/School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Man-qing Liu
- Division of Virology, Wuhan Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Wuhan, China
| | - Kun Cai
- Institute of Health Inspection and Testing, Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Wuhan, China
| | - Shu-liang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Virology/Department of Laboratory Medicine/Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Zhongnan Hospital/School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xue-bing Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases and Centre of Influenza Research, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Yi-rong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Virology/Department of Laboratory Medicine/Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Zhongnan Hospital/School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Virology/Department of Laboratory Medicine/Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Zhongnan Hospital/School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Liang-jun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Virology/Department of Laboratory Medicine/Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Zhongnan Hospital/School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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26
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Reale S, Anzà D, Bruno F, Scibetta S, Oliveri E, Vitale F, Castelli G. Phlebovirus detection on phlebotomine sandflies in Lampedusa Island (Italy). Vet Ital 2023; 59. [PMID: 38376831 DOI: 10.12834/vetit.2711.17825.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Phleboviruses are common human pathogens diffused on the Mediterranean area whose infection can cause the typical prodromal symptom of a mild three‑days fever. In particular, Toscana Virus (TOSV) has a great concern since its capacity to provoke central nervous system disorders like meningoencephalitis. Furthermore, as the phlebotomine arthropod vectors represent the main carrier for pathogens of the genus Leishmania as well, the purpose of the study was to investigate the presence of TOSV in Lampedusa, Italy previously reported for leishmaniosis infection cases. The survey was carried out through an initial sampling phase of sand flies, by means of CDC light traps, and a second step of molecular analyses. The genomic S‑segment of TOSV was targeted. The positive samples were sequenced and compared with those available in GenBank™ using Basic Local Alignments Tool (BLAST) analyses. The study revealed for the first time the presence of TOSV in Lampedusa, Italy. The entomological studies directed on vectors are currently widely used in sand fly surveillance, and new data on TOSV are of public health concern.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Davide Anzà
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia
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27
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Liu S, Kannan S, Meeks M, Sanchez S, Girone KW, Broyhill JC, Martines RB, Bernick J, Flammia L, Murphy J, Hills SL, Burkhalter KL, Laven JJ, Gaines D, Hoffmann CJ. Fatal Case of Heartland Virus Disease Acquired in the Mid-Atlantic Region, United States. Emerg Infect Dis 2023; 29:992-996. [PMID: 36821867 PMCID: PMC10124632 DOI: 10.3201/eid2905.221488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Heartland virus (HRTV) disease is an emerging tickborne illness in the midwestern and southern United States. We describe a reported fatal case of HRTV infection in the Maryland and Virginia region, states not widely recognized to have human HRTV disease cases. The range of HRTV could be expanding in the United States.
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28
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Hu Q, Zhang Y, Jiang J, Zheng A. Two Point Mutations in the Glycoprotein of SFTSV Enhance the Propagation Recombinant Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Vectors at Assembly Step. Viruses 2023; 15:800. [PMID: 36992507 PMCID: PMC10052781 DOI: 10.3390/v15030800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) is an emerging tick-borne pathogen for which approved therapeutic drugs or vaccines are not available. We previously developed a recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus-based vaccine candidate (rVSV-SFTSV) by replacing the original glycoprotein with Gn/Gc from SFTSV, which conferred complete protection in a mouse model. Here, we found that two spontaneous mutations, M749T/C617R, emerged in the Gc glycoprotein during passaging that could significantly increase the titer of rVSV-SFTSV. M749T/C617R enhanced the genetic stability of rVSV-SFTSV, and no further mutations appeared after 10 passages. Using immunofluorescence analysis, we found that M749T/C617R could increase glycoprotein traffic to the plasma membrane, thus facilitating virus assembly. Remarkably, the broad-spectrum immunogenicity of rVSV-SFTSV was not affected by the M749T/C617R mutations. Overall, M749T/C617R could enhance the further development of rVSV-SFTSV into an effective vaccine in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Hu
- College of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Yuhang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jiafu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Aihua Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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29
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Kim SY, Seo CW, Lee HI. Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus from ticks: a molecular epidemiological study of a patient in the Republic of Korea. Exp Appl Acarol 2023; 89:305-315. [PMID: 36928542 PMCID: PMC10097770 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-023-00783-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a tick-borne infectious disease caused by Dabie bandavirus, commonly called SFTS virus (SFTSV). In the Republic of Korea (ROK), 1,504 cases of SFTS have been reported since the first human case was identified in 2013 until 2021. However, no case exists to provide molecular evidence between questing tick and patients with confirmed SFTS in the same living environment. In this study, we investigated the presence of ticks near the area of a patient infected with SFTSV. Ticks were collected by flagging and dry ice-baited traps at three spots in the vegetation around the patients' residence in Chuncheon City, Gangwon Province (ROK). Among the tick samples collected, the presence of SFTSV was genetically determined using reverse transcription PCR, followed by the phylogenetic analysis of the tick virus sequences and SFTSV found in the patient. In total 1,212 Haemaphysalis longicornis ticks were collected, and SFTSV was detected at a minimum infection rate of 5.3% (33 pools/618 tested ticks). The sequences of SFTSV in ticks were 99.6-100% identical with the patient's SFTSV in the M segment. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first case to provide a molecular correlation between SFTSV in questing ticks collected from residence and patient with SFTS in the ROK. The present results provide useful information for the epidemiological investigation of patients with SFTS using ticks as vectors of SFTSV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Yoon Kim
- Division of Vectors and Parasitic Diseases, Bureau of Infectious Disease Diagnosis Control, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, 187 Osongsaengmyeong 2-ro, Cheongwon-gun, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, 363-951, Republic of Korea
| | - Choong Won Seo
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Dong-Eui Institute of Technology, 54 Yangji-ro, Busanjin-gu, Busan, 47230, Korea
| | - Hee Il Lee
- Division of Vectors and Parasitic Diseases, Bureau of Infectious Disease Diagnosis Control, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, 187 Osongsaengmyeong 2-ro, Cheongwon-gun, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, 363-951, Republic of Korea.
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30
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Ogola EO, Kopp A, Bastos ADS, Slothouwer I, Omoga DCA, Osalla J, Sang R, Torto B, Junglen S, Tchouassi DP. Phlebovirus diversity in ticks from livestock in arid ecologies in Kenya. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2023; 14:102087. [PMID: 36459866 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2022.102087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Phleboviruses are emerging pathogens of public health importance. However, their association with ticks is poorly described, particularly in Africa. Here, adult ticks infesting cattle, goats and sheep were collected in two dryland pastoralist ecosystems of Kenya (Baringo and Kajiado counties) and were screened for infection with phleboviruses. Ticks mainly belonged to the species Rhipicephalus appendiculatus, Hyalomma impeltatum, and Hyalomma rufipes. A fragment of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) gene was identified in thirty of 671 tick pools, of which twenty-nine were from livestock sampled in Baringo county. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that twenty-five sequences were falling in three clades within the group of tick-associated phleboviruses. The sequences of the three clades showed nucleotide distances 8%, 19% and 22%, respectively, to previously known viruses suggesting that these sequence fragments may belong to three distinct viruses. Viruses of the group of tick-associated phleboviruses have been found in several countries and continents but so far have not been associated with disease in humans or animals. In addition, five sequences were found to group with the sandfly-associated phleboviruses Bogoria virus, Perkerra virus and Ntepes virus recently detected in the same region. Further studies are needed to investigate the transmission and maintenance cycles of these viruses, as well as to assess their potential to infect vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwin O Ogola
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), P.O. Box 30772-00100, Nairobi, Kenya; Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag 20, Pretoria 0028, South Africa
| | - Anne Kopp
- Institute of Virology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Free University Berlin, Humboldt-University Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Chariteplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Armanda D S Bastos
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag 20, Pretoria 0028, South Africa
| | - Inga Slothouwer
- Institute of Virology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Free University Berlin, Humboldt-University Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Chariteplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dorcus C A Omoga
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), P.O. Box 30772-00100, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Josephine Osalla
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), P.O. Box 30772-00100, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Rosemary Sang
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), P.O. Box 30772-00100, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Baldwyn Torto
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), P.O. Box 30772-00100, Nairobi, Kenya; Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag 20, Pretoria 0028, South Africa
| | - Sandra Junglen
- Institute of Virology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Free University Berlin, Humboldt-University Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Chariteplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
| | - David P Tchouassi
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), P.O. Box 30772-00100, Nairobi, Kenya.
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31
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Feng K, Zhang H, Jiang Z, Zhou M, Min YQ, Deng F, Li P, Wang H, Ning YJ. SFTS bunyavirus NSs protein sequestrates mTOR into inclusion bodies and deregulates mTOR-ULK1 signaling, provoking pro-viral autophagy. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e28371. [PMID: 36458534 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is emerging as a critical player in host defense against diverse infections, in addition to its conserved function to maintain cellular homeostasis. Strikingly, some pathogens have evolved strategies to evade, subvert or exploit different steps of the autophagy pathway for their lifecycles. Here, we present a new viral mechanism of manipulating autophagy for its own benefit with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome bunyavirus (SFTSV, an emerging high-pathogenic virus) as a model. SFTSV infection triggers autophagy, leading to complete autophagic flux. Mechanistically, we show that the nonstructural protein of SFTSV (NSs) interacts with mTOR, the pivotal regulator of autophagy, by targeting its kinase domain and captures mTOR into viral inclusion bodies (IBs) induced by NSs itself. Furthermore, NSsimpairs mTOR-mediated phosphorylation of unc-51-like kinase 1 (ULK1) at Ser757, disrupting the inhibitory effect of mTOR on ULK1 activity and thus contributing to autophagy induction. Pharmacologic treatment and Beclin-1 knockout experimental results establish that, in turn, autophagy enhances SFTSV infection and propagation. Moreover, the minigenome reporter system reveals that SFTSV ribonucleoprotein (the transcription and replication machinery) activity can be bolstered by autophagy. Additionally, we found that the NSs proteins of SFTSV-related bunyaviruses have a conserved function of targeting mTOR. Taken together, we unravel a viral strategy of inducing pro-viral autophagy by interacting with mTOR, sequestering mTOR into IBs and hence provoking the downstream ULK1 pathway, which presents a new paradigm for viral manipulation of autophagy and may help inform future development of specific antiviral therapies against SFTSV and related pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Department of Pediatric Emergency, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huijiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenyu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Min Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan-Qin Min
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Fei Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Peiqing Li
- Department of Pediatric Emergency, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hualin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yun-Jia Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory, Wuhan, China
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32
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Rattanakomol P, Khongwichit S, Linsuwanon P, Lee KH, Vongpunsawad S, Poovorawan Y. Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus Infection, Thailand, 2019-2020. Emerg Infect Dis 2022; 28:2572-2574. [PMID: 36418010 PMCID: PMC9707585 DOI: 10.3201/eid2812.221183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Infection with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) virus, which can cause hemorrhagic febrile illness, is often transmitted by ticks. We identified 3 patients with SFTS in or near Bangkok, Thailand. Our results underscore a need for heightened awareness by clinicians of possible SFTS virus, even in urban centers.
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33
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Zhao C, Zhang X, Si X, Ye L, Lawrence K, Lu Y, Du C, Xu H, Yang Q, Xia Q, Yu G, Xu W, Yuan F, Hao J, Jiang JF, Zheng A. Hedgehogs as Amplifying Hosts of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus, China. Emerg Infect Dis 2022; 28:2491-2499. [PMID: 36417938 PMCID: PMC9707592 DOI: 10.3201/eid2812.220668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) is a tickborne bandavirus mainly transmitted by Haemaphysalis longicornis ticks in East Asia, mostly in rural areas. As of April 2022, the amplifying host involved in the natural transmission of SFTSV remained unidentified. Our epidemiologic field survey conducted in endemic areas in China showed that hedgehogs were widely distributed, had heavy tick infestations, and had high SFTSV seroprevalence and RNA prevalence. After experimental infection of Erinaceus amurensis and Atelerix albiventris hedgehogs with SFTSV, we detected robust but transitory viremias that lasted for 9-11 days. We completed the SFTSV transmission cycle between hedgehogs and nymph and adult H. longicornis ticks under laboratory conditions with 100% efficiency. Furthermore, naive H. longicornis ticks could be infected by SFTSV-positive ticks co-feeding on naive hedgehogs; we confirmed transstadial transmission of SFTSV. Our study suggests that the hedgehogs are a notable wildlife amplifying host of SFTSV in China.
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Han SW, Oh YI, Rim JM, Cho YK, Kim DH, Kang JG, Choi KS, Chae JS. Clinical features and epidemiology of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in dogs in the Republic of Korea: an observational study (2019-2020). Vet Res Commun 2022; 46:1195-1207. [PMID: 35932407 PMCID: PMC9362334 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-022-09979-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a zoonotic disease with a high mortality rate for humans and cats. The clinical course and prognosis of SFTS in dogs remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of SFTS virus (SFTSV) infection in dogs. All evaluated dogs exhibited an acute course and symptoms including fever (57.1%), anorexia (57.1%), depression (42.9%), and vomiting (35.7%). Thrombocytopenia was present in 45.5% of dogs, while jaundice was not observed. C-reactive protein, alanine transaminase, and alkaline phosphatase were elevated in some cases. Viral clearance occurred within 6 to 26 days. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the SFTSV sequences were consistent with viruses circulating in the Republic of Korea. As dogs often live in close contact with humans, awareness of the clinical and epidemiological features of SFTS in dogs is crucial. Further large-scale studies are necessary to investigate SFTSV infection in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Woo Han
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, BK21 FOUR Future Veterinary Medicine Leading Education and Research Center, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye-In Oh
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Min Rim
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, BK21 FOUR Future Veterinary Medicine Leading Education and Research Center, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Kyoung Cho
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, BK21 FOUR Future Veterinary Medicine Leading Education and Research Center, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hoo Kim
- Gogang Animal Hospital, 473 Yeokgok-ro, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14416, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Gu Kang
- Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, 54531, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Seong Choi
- College of Ecology and Environmental Science, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, 37224, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon-Seok Chae
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, BK21 FOUR Future Veterinary Medicine Leading Education and Research Center, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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Wang B, Huang B, Li X, Guo Y, Qi G, Ding Y, Gao H, Zhang J, Wu X, Fang L. Development of functional anti-Gn nanobodies specific for SFTSV based on next-generation sequencing and proteomics. Protein Sci 2022; 31:e4461. [PMID: 36177742 PMCID: PMC9601861 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an acute infectious disease caused by novel bunyavirus (SFTSV), with a mortality rate of 6.3% ~ 30%. To date, there is no specific treatment for SFTS. Previously, we demonstrated that SFTSV surface glycoprotein (Glycoprotein N, Gn) was a potential target for the development of SFTS vaccine or therapeutic antibodies, and anti-Gn neutralizing antibodies played a protective role in SFTS infection. Compared with traditional antibodies, nanobodies from camelids have various advantages, including small molecular weight, high affinity, low immunogenicity, convenient production by gene engineering, etc. In this study, we combined next-generation sequencing (NGS) with proteomics technology based on affinity purification-mass spectrometry (AP-MS) and bioinformatics analysis to high-throughput screen monoclonal anti-Gn nanobodies from camel immunized with Gn protein. We identified 19 anti-Gn monoclonal nanobody sequences, of which six sequences were selected for recombinant protein expression and purification. Among these six anti-Gn nanobodies, nanobody 57,493 was validated to be highly specific for Gn. The innovative high-throughput technical route developed in this study could also be expanded to the production of nanobodies specific for other viruses like SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binghao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation CenterMedical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Bilian Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation CenterMedical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xinyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation CenterMedical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation CenterMedical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Guantong Qi
- School of Life ScienceNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yibing Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation CenterMedical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Haidong Gao
- Genepioneer Biotechnologies Co. Ltd.NanjingChina
| | - Jingzi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation CenterMedical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xilin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation CenterMedical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Lei Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation CenterMedical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
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Calzolari M, Romeo G, Munari M, Bonilauri P, Taddei R, Sampieri M, Bariselli S, Rugna G, Dottori M. Sand Flies and Pathogens in the Lowlands of Emilia-Romagna (Northern Italy). Viruses 2022; 14:v14102209. [PMID: 36298764 PMCID: PMC9608450 DOI: 10.3390/v14102209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Cases of sand fly-borne diseases in the Emilia-Romagna region, such as meningitis caused by Toscana virus and human leishmaniasis, are reported annually through dedicated surveillance systems. Sand flies are abundant in the hilly part of the region, while the lowland is unsuitable habitat for sand flies, which are found in lower numbers in this environment with respect to the hilly areas. In this study, we retrieved sand flies collected during entomological surveillance of the West Nile virus (from 2018 to 2021) to assess their abundance and screen them for the presence of pathogens. Over the four-year period, we collected 3022 sand flies, more than half in 2021. The most abundant sand fly species was Phlebotomus (Ph.) perfiliewi, followed by Ph. perniciosus; while more rarely sampled species were Ph. papatasi, Ph. mascittii and Sergentomyia minuta. Sand flies were collected from the end of May to the end of September. The pattern of distribution of the species is characterized by an abundant number of Ph. perfiliewi in the eastern part of the region, which then falls to almost none in the western part of the region, while Ph. perniciosus seems more uniformly distributed throughout. We tested more than 1500 female sand flies in 54 pools to detect phleboviruses and Leishmania species using different PCR protocols. Toscana virus and Leishmania infantum, both human pathogens, were detected in 5 pools and 7 pools, respectively. We also detected Fermo virus, a phlebovirus uncharacterized in terms of relevance to public health, in 4 pools. We recorded different sand fly abundance in different seasons in Emilia-Romagna. During the season more favorable for sand flies, we also detected pathogens transmitted by these insects. This finding implies a health risk linked to sand fly-borne pathogens in the surveyed area in lowland, despite being considered a less suitable habitat for sand flies with respect to the hilly areas.
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Lee J, Park K, Kim J, Lee SH, Lee GY, Cho S, Kim HC, Klein TA, Kim JA, Choi J, Park J, Song DH, Gu SH, Yun H, Kim JE, Lee D, Hur GH, Jeong ST, Hwang IU, Kim WK, Song JW. Whole-genome sequencing and genetic diversity of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus using multiplex PCR-based nanopore sequencing, Republic of Korea. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2022; 16:e0010763. [PMID: 36094957 PMCID: PMC9499217 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
Whole-genome sequencing plays a critical role in the genomic epidemiology intended to improve understanding the spread of emerging viruses. Dabie bandavirus, causing severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), is a zoonotic tick-borne virus that poses a significant public health threat. We aimed to evaluate a novel amplicon-based nanopore sequencing tool to obtain whole-genome sequences of Dabie bandavirus, also known as SFTS virus (SFTSV), and investigate the molecular prevalence in wild ticks, Republic of Korea (ROK).
Principal findings
A total of 6,593 ticks were collected from Gyeonggi and Gangwon Provinces, ROK in 2019 and 2020. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction revealed the presence of SFSTV RNA in three Haemaphysalis longicornis ticks. Two SFTSV strains were isolated from H. longicornis captured from Pocheon and Cheorwon. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction-based nanopore sequencing provided nearly full-length tripartite genome sequences of SFTSV within one hour running. Phylogenetic and reassortment analyses were performed to infer evolutionary relationships among SFTSVs. Phylogenetic analysis grouped SFTSV Hl19-31-4 and Hl19-31-13 from Pocheon with sub-genotype B-1 in all segments. SFTSV Hl20-8 was found to be a genomic organization compatible with B-1 (for L segment) and B-2 (for M and S segments) sub-genotypes, indicating a natural reassortment between sub-genotypes.
Conclusion/Significance
Amplicon-based next-generation sequencing is a robust tool for whole-genome sequencing of SFTSV using the nanopore platform. The molecular prevalence and geographical distribution of SFTSV enhanced the phylogeographic map at high resolution for sophisticated prevention of emerging SFTS in endemic areas. Our findings provide important insights into the rapid whole-genome sequencing and genetic diversity for the genome-based diagnosis of SFTSV in the endemic outbreak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyeong Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungmin Park
- Department of Microbiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- BK21 Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongwoo Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- BK21 Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Ho Lee
- Chem-Bio Technology Center, Agency for Defense Development, Yuseong, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Geum-Young Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungchan Cho
- Department of Microbiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Heung-Chul Kim
- Force Health Protection and Preventive Medicine, Medical Department Activity-Korea/65th Medical Brigade, Unit 15281, United States of America
| | - Terry A. Klein
- Force Health Protection and Preventive Medicine, Medical Department Activity-Korea/65th Medical Brigade, Unit 15281, United States of America
| | - Jeong-Ah Kim
- Division of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Bureau of Infectious Diseases Diagnosis Control, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeewan Choi
- Republic of Korea Armed Forces Medical Command, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Juwan Park
- The Fifth Preventive Medicine Unit of Republic of Korea Army, Pocheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hyun Song
- Chem-Bio Technology Center, Agency for Defense Development, Yuseong, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Hun Gu
- Chem-Bio Technology Center, Agency for Defense Development, Yuseong, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeongseok Yun
- Chem-Bio Technology Center, Agency for Defense Development, Yuseong, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Eun Kim
- Chem-Bio Technology Center, Agency for Defense Development, Yuseong, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Daesang Lee
- Chem-Bio Technology Center, Agency for Defense Development, Yuseong, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyeung Haeng Hur
- Chem-Bio Technology Center, Agency for Defense Development, Yuseong, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Tae Jeong
- Chem-Bio Technology Center, Agency for Defense Development, Yuseong, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Ung Hwang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sheikh Khalifa Specialty Hospital, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Keun Kim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Medical Research, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Won Song
- Department of Microbiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- BK21 Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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Yin Z, Ren F, Zhou M, Chen S, Deng Y, Hu S, Deng F, Shen S, Shi J. Roles of the functional domains and conserved residues of the severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus L protein provide insights into the viral RNA transcription/replication mechanism. Virol Sin 2022; 37:946-949. [PMID: 36064095 PMCID: PMC9797366 DOI: 10.1016/j.virs.2022.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
All the domains of SFTSV-L protein were required for its function in viral RNA replication/transcription. The influence of twelve conserved residues were evaluated, nine of which showed significance in the function of L protein. Nine residues of SFTSV-L were strictly conserved among phleboviruses, suggesting its potency as a promising drug target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyun Yin
- National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China; Academic Affairs Office of Cangzhou Jiaotong University, Cangzhou, 061199, China
| | - Fuli Ren
- National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China; Center for Translational Medicine, Jinyintan Hospital, Wuhan, 430023, China
| | - Min Zhou
- National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Shengyao Chen
- National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yali Deng
- National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Sijing Hu
- National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Fei Deng
- National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Shu Shen
- National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Junming Shi
- National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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Gu XL, Su WQ, Zhou CM, Fang LZ, Zhu K, Ma DQ, Jiang FC, Li ZM, Li D, Duan SH, Peng QM, Wang R, Jiang Y, Han HJ, Yu XJ. SFTSV infection in rodents and their ectoparasitic chiggers. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2022; 16:e0010698. [PMID: 36037170 PMCID: PMC9423666 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
SFTSV, a tick-borne bunyavirus causing a severe hemorrhagic fever termed as severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS). To evaluate the potential role of rodents and its ectoparasitic chiggers in the transmission of SFTSV, we collected wild rodents and chiggers on their bodies from a rural area in Qingdao City, Shandong Province, China in September 2020. PCR amplification of the M and L segments of SFTSV showed that 32.3% (10/31) of rodents and 0.2% (1/564) of chiggers (Leptotrombidium deliense) from the rodents were positive to SFTSV. Our results suggested that rodents and chiggers may play an important role in the transmission of SFTSV, although the efficiency of chiggers to transmit SFTSV needs to be further investigated experimentally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Lan Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wen-Qing Su
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chuan-Min Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Li-Zhu Fang
- Qingdao Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao, China
| | - Ke Zhu
- Qingdao West Coast New District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao, China
| | - Dong-Qiang Ma
- Qingdao West Coast New District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao, China
| | - Fa-Chun Jiang
- Qingdao Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao, China
| | - Ze-Min Li
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Dan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shu-Hui Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiu-Ming Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui-Ju Han
- School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji’nan, China
- * E-mail: (H-JH); (X-JY)
| | - Xue-Jie Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- * E-mail: (H-JH); (X-JY)
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YAO XH, HU DH, FU SH, LI F, HE Y, YIN JY, YIN QK, XU ST, LIANG GD, LI XD, NIE K, WANG HY. A Reverse-Transcription Recombinase-Aided Amplification Assay for the Rapid Detection of the Wuxiang Virus. Biomed Environ Sci 2022; 35:746-749. [PMID: 36127786 PMCID: PMC10089701 DOI: 10.3967/bes2022.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Hui YAO
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Arboviruses, NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Dan He HU
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Arboviruses, NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Shi Hong FU
- Department of Arboviruses, NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Fan LI
- Department of Arboviruses, NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Ying HE
- Department of Arboviruses, NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Jia Yu YIN
- Department of Arboviruses, NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Qi Kai YIN
- Department of Arboviruses, NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Song Tao XU
- Department of Arboviruses, NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Guo Dong LIANG
- Department of Arboviruses, NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Xiang Dong LI
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kai NIE
- Department of Arboviruses, NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Huan Yu WANG
- Department of Arboviruses, NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
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Manseur H, Hachid A, Khardine AF, BENALLAL KE, Bia T, Temani M, HAKEM A, Sánchez-Seco MP, Bitam I, Vázquez A, LAFRI I. First Isolation of Punique Virus from Sand Flies Collected in Northern Algeria. Viruses 2022; 14:v14081796. [PMID: 36016418 PMCID: PMC9412333 DOI: 10.3390/v14081796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, several phleboviruses transmitted by sand flies were detected in the Mediterranean countries, with the health impact of some of them being unknown. From September to October 2020, a total of 3351 sand flies were captured in Kherrata (Bejaia, northern Algeria) and identified by sex, grouped in 62 pools, which were tested for the presence of phlebovirus RNA using endpoint RT-PCR. Two pools (male and female, respectively) were positive. The genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis showed that the two phleboviruses detected were closely related to the Punique virus (PUNV) isolated in Tunisia and detected in Algeria. Both PUNV strains were isolated on VERO cells from positive pools. Morphological identification of 300 sand flies randomly selected, showed a clear dominance of Phlebotomus perniciosus (98.67%). The dominance of this species in the study area was confirmed by PCR targeting the mitochondrial DNA. Our result represents the first isolation of PUNV and the second report in Algeria from two distinct regions which confirm its large circulation in the country and more broadly in North Africa. Further studies are needed to measure the impact on public health through seroprevalence studies in humans as well as animals and to investigate its potential involvement in neurological viral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemza Manseur
- Institut des Sciences Vétérinaires, Université de Blida 1, Blida 09000, Algeria
- Laboratoire des Biotechnologies Liées à la Reproduction Animale (LBRA), Institut des Sciences Vétérinaires, Université de Blida 1, Blida 09000, Algeria
| | - Aissam Hachid
- Laboratoire des Arbovirus et Virus Emergents, Institut Pasteur d’Algérie, Alger 16000, Algeria
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Univérsité d’Alger 1, Alger 16000, Algeria
| | - Ahmed Fayez Khardine
- Laboratoire des Arbovirus et Virus Emergents, Institut Pasteur d’Algérie, Alger 16000, Algeria
| | - Kamal Eddine BENALLAL
- Laboratoire d’Éco-Épidémiologie Parasitaire et de Génétique des Populations, Institut Pasteur d’Algérie, Alger 16000, Algeria
| | - Taha Bia
- Institut des Sciences Vétérinaires, Université de Tiaret, Tiaret 14000, Algeria
| | - Merbouha Temani
- Laboratoire des Arbovirus et Virus Emergents, Institut Pasteur d’Algérie, Alger 16000, Algeria
| | - Ahcene HAKEM
- Centre de Recherche en Agropastoralisme (CRAPast) Djelfa, Djelfa 17000, Algeria
| | - Maria Paz Sánchez-Seco
- Arbovirus and Imported Viral Diseases Laboratory, National Center of Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28001 Madrid, Spain
- CIBER Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), 28001 Madrid, Spain
| | - Idir Bitam
- Ecole Supérieure des Sciences de l’Aliment et des Industries Agroalimentaires, Alger 16000, Algeria
| | - Ana Vázquez
- Arbovirus and Imported Viral Diseases Laboratory, National Center of Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28001 Madrid, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28001 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ismail LAFRI
- Institut des Sciences Vétérinaires, Université de Blida 1, Blida 09000, Algeria
- Laboratoire des Biotechnologies Liées à la Reproduction Animale (LBRA), Institut des Sciences Vétérinaires, Université de Blida 1, Blida 09000, Algeria
- Correspondence:
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Park BJ, Yoo JR, Heo ST, Kim M, Lee KH, Song YJ. A CRISPR-Cas12a-based diagnostic method for multiple genotypes of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2022; 16:e0010666. [PMID: 35917293 PMCID: PMC9345333 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) infection is commonly reported in countries of Northeast Asia including China, Japan and South Korea. The majority of the SFTS patients are elderly and the average fatality rate is more than 10%. A rapid and sensitive diagnostic method to monitor and prevent SFTSV transmission remains an urgent clinical challenge. In this study, we developed a molecular diagnostic technique for detection of SFTSV using the CRISPR-Cas12a system combined with reverse transcription recombinase polymerase amplification (RT-RPA). Using this method, we successfully diagnosed SFTSV infections with the reaction time of 50 min from blood plasma without cross-reactivity to other viruses, supporting its application for rapid and sensitive diagnosis of SFTS. Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease caused by Dabie bandavirus, also known as SFTSV, and reported in countries of Northeast Asia including China, Japan and South Korea. The average fatality rate is more than 10% and reported to increase with age. Currently, no vaccines or targeted treatments for SFTS are available and only symptomatic therapy is offered. Thus, SFTSV diagnosis at early stages is critical for successful therapeutic outcomes. In this study, we developed a molecular diagnostic technique for detection of SFTSV using the CRISPR-Cas12a system combined with reverse transcription recombinase polymerase amplification (RT-RPA). Using this method, we successfully diagnosed SFTSV infections under isothermal conditions with the reaction time of 50 min from blood plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bum Ju Park
- Department of Life Science, Gachon University, Seongnam-Si, Korea
| | - Jeong Rae Yoo
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Sang Taek Heo
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Misun Kim
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Keun Hwa Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- * E-mail: (KHL); (Y-JS)
| | - Yoon-Jae Song
- Department of Life Science, Gachon University, Seongnam-Si, Korea
- * E-mail: (KHL); (Y-JS)
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43
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Wang M, Tan W, Li J, Fang L, Yue M. The Endless Wars: Severe Fever With Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus, Host Immune and Genetic Factors. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:808098. [PMID: 35782112 PMCID: PMC9240209 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.808098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging arboviral infectious disease with a high rate of lethality in susceptible humans and caused by severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome bunyavirus (SFTSV). Currently, neither vaccine nor specific antiviral drugs are available. In recent years, given the fact that both the number of SFTS cases and epidemic regions are increasing year by year, SFTS has become a public health problem. SFTSV can be internalized into host cells through the interaction between SFTSV glycoproteins and cell receptors and can activate the host immune system to trigger antiviral immune response. However, SFTSV has evolved multiple strategies to manipulate host factors to create an optimal environment for itself. Not to be discounted, host genetic factors may be operative also in the never-ending winning or losing wars. Therefore, the identifications of SFTSV, host immune and genetic factors, and their interactions are critical for understanding the pathogenic mechanisms of SFTSV infection. This review summarizes the updated pathogenesis of SFTS with regard to virus, host immune response, and host genetic factors to provide some novel perspectives of the prevention, treatment, as well as drug and vaccine developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weilong Tan
- Department of Infection Disease, Huadong Research Institute for Medicine and Biotechniques, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liqun Fang
- State Key Lab Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Liqun Fang, ; Ming Yue,
| | - Ming Yue
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Liqun Fang, ; Ming Yue,
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Merchant M, Mata CP, Liu Y, Zhai H, Protasio AV, Modis Y. A bioactive phlebovirus-like envelope protein in a hookworm endogenous virus. Sci Adv 2022; 8:eabj6894. [PMID: 35544562 PMCID: PMC9094657 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abj6894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Endogenous viral elements (EVEs), accounting for 15% of our genome, serve as a genetic reservoir from which new genes can emerge. Nematode EVEs are particularly diverse and informative of virus evolution. We identify Atlas virus-an intact retrovirus-like EVE in the human hookworm Ancylostoma ceylanicum, with an envelope protein genetically related to GN-GC glycoproteins from the family Phenuiviridae. A cryo-EM structure of Atlas GC reveals a class II viral membrane fusion protein fold not previously seen in retroviruses. Atlas GC has the structural hallmarks of an active fusogen. Atlas GC trimers insert into membranes with endosomal lipid compositions and low pH. When expressed on the plasma membrane, Atlas GC has cell-cell fusion activity. With its preserved biological activities, Atlas GC has the potential to acquire a cellular function. Our work reveals structural plasticity in reverse-transcribing RNA viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monique Merchant
- Molecular Immunity Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge, CB2 0QH, UK
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease (CITIID), University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK
| | - Carlos P. Mata
- Molecular Immunity Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge, CB2 0QH, UK
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease (CITIID), University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK
| | - Yangci Liu
- Molecular Immunity Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge, CB2 0QH, UK
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease (CITIID), University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK
| | - Haoming Zhai
- Molecular Immunity Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge, CB2 0QH, UK
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease (CITIID), University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK
| | - Anna V. Protasio
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK
- Christ’s College, University of Cambridge, St Andrew’s Street, Cambridge, CB2 3BU, UK
| | - Yorgo Modis
- Molecular Immunity Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge, CB2 0QH, UK
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease (CITIID), University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK
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Dachraoui K, Chelbi I, Ben Said M, Ben Osman R, Cherni S, Charrel R, Zhioua E. Transmission Dynamics of Punique Virus in Tunisia. Viruses 2022; 14:v14050904. [PMID: 35632646 PMCID: PMC9147715 DOI: 10.3390/v14050904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel phlebovirus, Punique virus (PUNV), was discovered and isolated in 2008 from sandflies from Northern Tunisia. PUNV is now classified as a unique member of the Punique phlebovirus species within the Phlebovirus genus in the Phenuiviridae family (order bunyavirales). In this study, we aimed to investigate the transmission dynamics of PUNV in Tunisia. Sandflies were collected during two consecutive years, 2009 and 2010, by CDC light traps. In 2009, a total of 873 sandflies were collected and identified to the species level. Phlebotomus perniciosus was the most abundant species. One pool of P. perniciosus females collected in autumn contained PUNV RNA, yielding an infection rate of 0.11%. The population densities of circulating sandfly species were assessed during May–November 2010 in Northern Tunisia by using sticky traps. Phlebotomus (Larroussius) perniciosus (71.74%) was the most abundant species, followed by Phlebotumus (Larroussius) longicuspis (17.47%), and Phlebotumus (Larroussius) perfiliewi (8.82%). The densities of dominant sandfly species were found to peak in early spring and again in the autumn. In 2010, species identification was not performed, and sandflies were only discriminated on the basis of sex and collection date. Out of 249 pools, three contained PUNV RNA. Each positive pool allowed virus isolation. The three pools of female sandflies containing PUNV RNA were collected in autumn with an infection rate of 0.05%. These findings provide further evidence that P. perniciosus is the main vector of PUNV in Tunisia, and this phlebovirus is endemic in Tunisia. Our findings provided strong evidence of intensive circulation of PUNV in sandflies and hosts through a viral infection buildup process between sandfly vectors and hosts starting at the beginning of the activity of sandflies in spring to reach a maximum during the second main peak in autumn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalil Dachraoui
- Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Unit of Vector Ecology, Tunis 1002, Tunisia; (K.D.); (I.C.); (S.C.)
| | - Ifhem Chelbi
- Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Unit of Vector Ecology, Tunis 1002, Tunisia; (K.D.); (I.C.); (S.C.)
| | - Mourad Ben Said
- Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sidi Thabet, University of Manouba, Manouba 2010, Tunisia;
- Laboratory of Microbiology, National School of Veterinary Medicine of Sid Thabet, University of Manouba, Manouba 2010, Tunisia
| | - Raja Ben Osman
- National Drug Control Laboratory, Vaccine Control Unit, Tunis 1002, Tunisia;
| | - Saifedine Cherni
- Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Unit of Vector Ecology, Tunis 1002, Tunisia; (K.D.); (I.C.); (S.C.)
| | - Rémi Charrel
- Unité des Virus Emergents, Aix-Marseille University, IRD 190, INSERM 1207, 13005 Marseille, France;
| | - Elyes Zhioua
- Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Unit of Vector Ecology, Tunis 1002, Tunisia; (K.D.); (I.C.); (S.C.)
- Correspondence:
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Zu Z, Lin H, Hu Y, Zheng X, Chen C, Zhao Y, He N. The genetic evolution and codon usage pattern of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus. Infect Genet Evol 2022; 99:105238. [PMID: 35144005 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2022.105238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a newly emerging zoonotic infectious disease caused by the SFTS virus (SFTSV), which has been continuously circulating in Eastern Asia in recent years. Although the evolution of SFTSV has been investigated, the evolutionary changes associated with codon usage have not been reported. Thus, a comprehensive genetic and codon usage bias analysis of SFTSV was conducted to elucidate the genetic diversity and evolutionary relationships in a novel perspective. The study amplified and sequenced fifteen SFTSV strains from a prefecture of Zhejiang Province, Eastern China in 2020, where SFTS cases have been continuously reported in the past decade. Phylogenetic analysis was conducted based on the complete coding sequences of SFTSV segments. It suggested that all SFTSV strains circulating in Zhejiang were clustered with Japanese and Korean strains, which belonged to two different genotypes. Meanwhile, thirty-nine genetic reassortants classified into nineteen different reassortment forms were identified, while 45 recombination events in 41 SFTSV strains were found. Codon usage patterns were further analyzed to understand the evolutionary changes in relation to genotype and host. And it revealed that codon usage bias was mainly driven by natural selection rather than mutation pressure. In addition, the codon adaptation index (CAI) analysis demonstrated the strong adaptability of SFTSV to Gallus gallus and Homo sapiens. Similarity index (SiD) analysis indicated that Haemaphysalis longicornis posed a strong selection pressure to SFTSV. In conclusion, this study revealed that the genetic diversity of SFTSV is gradually increasing. The codon usage analysis suggested that codon usage bias of SFTSV was mainly driven by natural selection, and SFTSV has evolved host-specific codon usage patterns. This contributes to the development of control measures against SFTSV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Zu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, and the Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Haijiang Lin
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, and the Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Taizhou City Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taizhou City, Zhejiang Province 318001, China
| | - Yafei Hu
- Taizhou City Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taizhou City, Zhejiang Province 318001, China
| | - Xiang Zheng
- Taizhou City Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taizhou City, Zhejiang Province 318001, China
| | - Cairong Chen
- Taizhou City Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taizhou City, Zhejiang Province 318001, China
| | - Yishuang Zhao
- Taizhou City Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taizhou City, Zhejiang Province 318001, China
| | - Na He
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, and the Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
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Abstract
We demonstrated experimental acquisition and transmission of Heartland bandavirus by Haemaphysalis longicornis ticks. Virus was detected in tick salivary gland and midgut tissues. A total of 80% of mice exposed to 1 infected tick seroconverted, suggesting horizontal transmission. H. longicornis ticks can transmit the virus in the transovarial mode.
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48
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Kang JG, Cho YK, Jo YS, Han SW, Chae JB, Park JE, Jeong H, Jheong WH, Chae JS. Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus in Ticks in the Republic of Korea. Korean J Parasitol 2022; 60:65-71. [PMID: 35247957 PMCID: PMC8898643 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2022.60.1.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) is a zoonotic, tick-borne RNA virus of the genus Bandavirus (Family Phenuiviridae), mainly reported in China, Japan, and the Republic of Korea (Korea). For the purpose of this study, a total of 3,898 adult and nymphal ticks of species Haemaphysalis longicornis (94.2%), Haemaphysalis flava (5.0%), Ixodes nipponensis (0.8%), and 1 specimen of Ixodes ovatus, were collected from the Deogyusan National Park, Korea, between April 2016 and June 2018. A single-step reverse transcriptase–nested PCR was performed, targeting the S segment of the SFTSV RNA. Total infection rate (IR) of SFTSV in individual ticks was found to be 6.0%. Based on developmental stages, IR was 5.3% in adults and 6.0% in nymphs. The S segment sequences obtained from PCR were divided into 17 haplotypes. All haplotypes were phylogenetically clustered into clades B-2 and B-3, with 92.7% sequences in B-2 and 7.3% in B-3. These observations indicate that the Korean SFTSV strains were closer to the Japanese than the Chinese strains. Further epidemiological studies are necessary to better understand the characteristics of the Korean SFTSV and its transmission cycle in the ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Gu Kang
- Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54531,
Korea
| | - Yoon-Kyoung Cho
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, BK21 FOUR Future Veterinary Medicine Leading Education and Research Center, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826,
Korea
| | - Young-Sun Jo
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, BK21 FOUR Future Veterinary Medicine Leading Education and Research Center, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826,
Korea
| | - Sun-Woo Han
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, BK21 FOUR Future Veterinary Medicine Leading Education and Research Center, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826,
Korea
| | - Jeong-Byoung Chae
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, BK21 FOUR Future Veterinary Medicine Leading Education and Research Center, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826,
Korea
| | - Jung-Eun Park
- National Institute of Wildlife Disease Control and Prevention, Gwangju 62407,
Korea
| | - Hyesung Jeong
- National Institute of Wildlife Disease Control and Prevention, Gwangju 62407,
Korea
| | - Weon-Hwa Jheong
- National Institute of Wildlife Disease Control and Prevention, Gwangju 62407,
Korea
| | - Joon-Seok Chae
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, BK21 FOUR Future Veterinary Medicine Leading Education and Research Center, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826,
Korea
- Corresponding author ()
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Zhang X, Zhao C, Cheng C, Zhang G, Yu T, Lawrence K, Li H, Sun J, Yang Z, Ye L, Chu H, Wang Y, Han X, Jia Y, Fan S, Kanuka H, Tanaka T, Jenkins C, Gedye K, Chandra S, Price DC, Liu Q, Choi YK, Zhan X, Zhang Z, Zheng A. Rapid Spread of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus by Parthenogenetic Asian Longhorned Ticks. Emerg Infect Dis 2022; 28:363-372. [PMID: 35075994 PMCID: PMC8798674 DOI: 10.3201/eid2802.211532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) is spreading rapidly in Asia. This virus is transmitted by the Asian longhorned tick (Haemaphysalis longicornis), which has parthenogenetically and sexually reproducing populations. Parthenogenetic populations were found in ≥15 provinces in China and strongly correlated with the distribution of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome cases. However, distribution of these cases was poorly correlated with the distribution of populations of bisexual ticks. Phylogeographic analysis suggested that the parthenogenetic population spread much faster than bisexual population because colonization is independent of sexual reproduction. A higher proportion of parthenogenetic ticks was collected from migratory birds captured at an SFTSV-endemic area, implicating the contribution to the long-range movement of these ticks in China. The SFTSV susceptibility of parthenogenetic females was similar to that of bisexual females under laboratory conditions. These results suggest that parthenogenetic Asian longhorned ticks, probably transported by migratory birds, play a major role in the rapid spread of SFTSV.
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Chen S, Xu M, Wu X, Bai Y, Shi J, Zhou M, Wu Q, Tang S, Deng F, Qin B, Shen S. A new luciferase immunoprecipitation system assay provided serological evidence for missed diagnosis of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome. Virol Sin 2022; 37:107-114. [PMID: 35234635 PMCID: PMC8922417 DOI: 10.1016/j.virs.2022.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shengyao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Minjun Xu
- Shaoxing People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, 312000, China
| | - Xiaoli Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yuan Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Junming Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Min Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Qiaoli Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Shuang Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Fei Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Bo Qin
- Shaoxing Women and Children's Hospital, No. 305 East Street Road, Shaoxing, 312000, China; Shaoxing People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, 312000, China.
| | - Shu Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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