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Rasmussen AL, Gronvall GK, Lowen AC, Goodrum F, Alwine J, Andersen KG, Anthony SJ, Baines J, Banerjee A, Broadbent AJ, Brooke CB, Campos SK, Caposio P, Casadevall A, Chan GC, Cliffe AR, Collins-McMillen D, Connell N, Damania B, Daugherty MD, Debbink K, Dermody TS, DiMaio D, Duprex WP, Emerman M, Galloway DA, Garry RF, Goldstein SA, Greninger AL, Hartman AL, Hogue BG, Horner SM, Hotez PJ, Jung JU, Kamil JP, Karst SM, Laimins L, Lakdawala SS, Landais I, Letko M, Lindenbach B, Liu SL, Luftig M, McFadden G, Mehle A, Morrison J, Moscona A, Mühlberger E, Munger J, Münger K, Murphy E, Neufeldt CJ, Nikolich JZ, O'Connor CM, Pekosz A, Permar SR, Pfeiffer JK, Popescu SV, Purdy JG, Racaniello VR, Rice CM, Runstadler JA, Sapp MJ, Scott RS, Smith GA, Sorrell EM, Speranza E, Streblow D, Tibbetts SA, Toth Z, Van Doorslaer K, Weiss SR, White EA, White TM, Wobus CE, Worobey M, Yamaoka S, Yurochko A. Correction for Rasmussen et al., "Virology-the path forward". J Virol 2024; 98:e0007424. [PMID: 38334328 PMCID: PMC10949460 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00074-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
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2
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Kim S, Ge J, Kim D, Lee JJ, Choi YJ, Chen W, Bowman JW, Foo SS, Chang LC, Liang Q, Hara D, Choi I, Kim MH, Eoh H, Jung JU. TXNIP-mediated crosstalk between oxidative stress and glucose metabolism. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0292655. [PMID: 38329960 PMCID: PMC10852281 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) has emerged as a key player in cancer and diabetes since it targets thioredoxin (TRX)-mediated redox regulation and glucose transporter (GLUT)-mediated metabolism. TXNIP consists of two arrestin (ARR, N-ARR and C-ARR) domains at its amino-terminus and two PPxY (PY) motifs and a di-leucine (LL) motif for endocytosis at its carboxyl-terminus. Here, we report that TXNIP shuffles between TRX and GLUTs to regulate homeostasis of intracellular oxidative stress and glucose metabolism. While TXNIP functions as a gatekeeper of TRX by default, it robustly interacted with class I GLUTs through its C-ARR domain upon increase of intracellular reactive oxygen species. This interaction prompted the surface expression downregulation and lysosomal degradation of GLUTs by its carboxyl-terminal LL endocytic signaling motif to attenuate glucose uptake. Consequently, TXNIP expression significantly limited glucose uptake, leading to the suppression of glycolysis, hexosamine biosynthesis, and the pentose phosphate pathway. Our findings establish a fundamental link between ROS and glucose metabolism through TXNIP and provide a promising target for the drug development against GLUT-related metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Kim
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Jianning Ge
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Dokyun Kim
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Jae Jin Lee
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Youn Jung Choi
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Weiqiang Chen
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - James W. Bowman
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Suan-Sin Foo
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Lin-Chun Chang
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Qiming Liang
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Daiki Hara
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Inpyo Choi
- Immunotherapy Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Hee Kim
- Infection and Immunity Research Laboratory, Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungjin Eoh
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Jae U. Jung
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
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3
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Liu Z, Kim D, Kang S, Jung JU. A Detailed Protocol for Constructing a Human Single-Chain Variable Fragment (scFv) Library and Downstream Screening via Phage Display. Methods Protoc 2024; 7:13. [PMID: 38392687 PMCID: PMC10893473 DOI: 10.3390/mps7010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) represents a significant milestone in both basic research and clinical applications due to their target specificity and versatility in therapeutic and diagnostic applications. The innovative strategy of mAb screening, utilizing phage display, facilitates the in vitro screening of antibodies with high affinity to target antigens. The single-chain variable fragment (scFv) is a subset of mAb derivatives, known for its high binding affinity and smaller size-just one-third of that of human IgG. This report outlines a detailed and comprehensive procedure for constructing a scFv phagemid library derived from human patients, followed by screening via phage display affinity selection. The protocol utilizes 348 primer combinations spanning the entire human antibody repertoire to minimize sequence bias and maintain library diversity during polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for scFv generation, resulting in a library size greater than 1 × 108. Furthermore, we describe a high-throughput phage display screening protocol using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to evaluate more than 1200 scFv candidates. The generation of a highly diverse scFv library, coupled with the implementation of a phage display screening methodology, is expected to provide a valuable resource for researchers in pursuit of scFvs with high affinity for target antigens, thus advancing both research and clinical endeavors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Liu
- Cancer Biology Department, Infection Biology Program, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (Z.L.); (D.K.); (S.K.)
- Global Center for Pathogen Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Dokyun Kim
- Cancer Biology Department, Infection Biology Program, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (Z.L.); (D.K.); (S.K.)
- Global Center for Pathogen Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Seokmin Kang
- Cancer Biology Department, Infection Biology Program, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (Z.L.); (D.K.); (S.K.)
- Global Center for Pathogen Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Jae U. Jung
- Cancer Biology Department, Infection Biology Program, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (Z.L.); (D.K.); (S.K.)
- Global Center for Pathogen Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
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4
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Man OM, Azamor T, Cambou MC, Fuller TL, Kerin T, Paiola SG, Cranston JS, Mok T, Rao R, Chen W, Jung JU, Martinez VF, Foo SS, Nielsen-Saines K. Respiratory distress in SARS-CoV-2 exposed uninfected neonates followed in the COVID Outcomes in Mother-Infant Pairs (COMP) Study. Nat Commun 2024; 15:399. [PMID: 38267411 PMCID: PMC10808093 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44549-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Respiratory distress (RD) has been reported in SARS-CoV-2 exposed uninfected (SEU) term neonates. Prior studies suggest that prenatal exposure to Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19) may activate an inflammatory cascade in the newborn airway. In this study, we examine the relationship between maternal COVID-19 vaccination and neonatal RD using a longitudinal cohort of mother-infant pairs in Los Angeles, CA. Two-hundred and twenty-one mothers with laboratory confirmed SARS-CoV-2 during pregnancy and 227 exposed fetuses are enrolled in our study. Maternal disease severity and neonatal RD variables were defined based on current accepted clinical criteria. To explore the multifactorial associations between maternal COVID-19 parameters and infant RD, we utilize a multivariable logistic regression model and a proteomic sub-analysis to propose a pathway for the development of RD following in utero exposure to SARS-CoV-2. Unusually high rates of RD are observed in SEU infants (17%). The odds ratio of RD is 3.06 (95% CI:1.08-10.21) in term neonates born to unvaccinated individuals versus those born to individuals vaccinated prior to maternal infection. Proteomic analysis reveals a robust inflammatory response associated with ciliary dysregulation and enhanced IgE production among SEU neonates with RD. Maternal vaccination against COVID-19 reduces the frequency of neonatal RD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia M Man
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
| | - Tamiris Azamor
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, Global Center for Pathogen Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Mary Catherine Cambou
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
| | - Trevon L Fuller
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, 21040-360, Brazil
| | - Tara Kerin
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Sophia G Paiola
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Jessica S Cranston
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Thalia Mok
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Rashmi Rao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Weiqiang Chen
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, Global Center for Pathogen Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Jae U Jung
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, Global Center for Pathogen Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Viviana Fajardo Martinez
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Suan-Sin Foo
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, Global Center for Pathogen Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Karin Nielsen-Saines
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
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5
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Rasmussen AL, Gronvall GK, Lowen AC, Goodrum F, Alwine J, Andersen KG, Anthony SJ, Baines J, Banerjee A, Broadbent AJ, Brooke CB, Campos SK, Caposio P, Casadevall A, Chan GC, Cliffe AR, Collins-McMillen D, Connell N, Damania B, Daugherty MD, Debbink K, Dermody TS, DiMaio D, Duprex WP, Emerman M, Galloway DA, Garry RF, Goldstein SA, Greninger AL, Hartman AL, Hogue BG, Horner SM, Hotez PJ, Jung JU, Kamil JP, Karst SM, Laimins L, Lakdawala SS, Landais I, Letko M, Lindenbach B, Liu SL, Luftig M, McFadden G, Mehle A, Morrison J, Moscona A, Mühlberger E, Munger J, Münger K, Murphy E, Neufeldt CJ, Nikolich JZ, O'Connor CM, Pekosz A, Permar SR, Pfeiffer JK, Popescu SV, Purdy JG, Racaniello VR, Rice CM, Runstadler JA, Sapp MJ, Scott RS, Smith GA, Sorrell EM, Speranza E, Streblow D, Tibbetts SA, Toth Z, Van Doorslaer K, Weiss SR, White EA, White TM, Wobus CE, Worobey M, Yamaoka S, Yurochko A. Virology-the path forward. J Virol 2024; 98:e0179123. [PMID: 38168672 PMCID: PMC10804978 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01791-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
In the United States (US), biosafety and biosecurity oversight of research on viruses is being reappraised. Safety in virology research is paramount and oversight frameworks should be reviewed periodically. Changes should be made with care, however, to avoid impeding science that is essential for rapidly reducing and responding to pandemic threats as well as addressing more common challenges caused by infectious diseases. Decades of research uniquely positioned the US to be able to respond to the COVID-19 crisis with astounding speed, delivering life-saving vaccines within a year of identifying the virus. We should embolden and empower this strength, which is a vital part of protecting the health, economy, and security of US citizens. Herein, we offer our perspectives on priorities for revised rules governing virology research in the US.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela L. Rasmussen
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Gigi K. Gronvall
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Anice C. Lowen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Felicia Goodrum
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - James Alwine
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kristian G. Andersen
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Simon J. Anthony
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Joel Baines
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Arinjay Banerjee
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Andrew J. Broadbent
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Christopher B. Brooke
- Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Samuel K. Campos
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Patrizia Caposio
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
| | - Arturo Casadevall
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Gary C. Chan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical Center, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Anna R. Cliffe
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | | | - Nancy Connell
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Blossom Damania
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Matthew D. Daugherty
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Kari Debbink
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Terence S. Dermody
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Daniel DiMaio
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - W. Paul Duprex
- Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Michael Emerman
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Denise A. Galloway
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Robert F. Garry
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Stephen A. Goldstein
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Alexander L. Greninger
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Amy L. Hartman
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Brenda G. Hogue
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - Stacy M. Horner
- Department of Integrative Immunobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Peter J. Hotez
- Department of Pediatrics, National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jae U. Jung
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Jeremy P. Kamil
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA
| | - Stephanie M. Karst
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Lou Laimins
- Department of Microbiology, Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio, USA
| | - Seema S. Lakdawala
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Igor Landais
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
| | - Michael Letko
- Paul G. Allen School for Global Health, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Brett Lindenbach
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale University, New Haven, USA
| | - Shan-Lu Liu
- Department of Microbiology, Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio, USA
- Viruses and Emerging Pathogens Program, Infectious Diseases Institute, Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio, USA
| | - Micah Luftig
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Grant McFadden
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - Andrew Mehle
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Juliet Morrison
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Anne Moscona
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Physiology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Elke Mühlberger
- Department of Virology, Immunology, and Microbiology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Joshua Munger
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Karl Münger
- Department of Developmental, Molecular, and Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Eain Murphy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical Center, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | | | - Janko Z. Nikolich
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
- Aegis Consortium for a Pandemic-Free Future, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | | | - Andrew Pekosz
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Sallie R. Permar
- Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Julie K. Pfeiffer
- Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Saskia V. Popescu
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - John G. Purdy
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Vincent R. Racaniello
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Charles M. Rice
- Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Disease, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jonathan A. Runstadler
- Department of Infectious Disease and Global Health, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine at Tufts University, North Grafton, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Martin J. Sapp
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA
| | - Rona S. Scott
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA
| | - Gregory A. Smith
- Department of Microbiology, Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio, USA
| | - Erin M. Sorrell
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Emily Speranza
- Florida Research and Innovation Center, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Port St. Lucie, Florida, USA
| | - Daniel Streblow
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
| | - Scott A. Tibbetts
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Zsolt Toth
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | | | - Susan R. Weiss
- Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Elizabeth A. White
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Timothy M. White
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Christiane E. Wobus
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Michael Worobey
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Satoko Yamaoka
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Andrew Yurochko
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA
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6
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Kim D, Lai CJ, Cha I, Jung JU. Current Progress of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus (SFTSV) Vaccine Development. Viruses 2024; 16:128. [PMID: 38257828 PMCID: PMC10818334 DOI: 10.3390/v16010128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
SFTSV is an emerging tick-borne virus causing hemorrhagic fever with a case fatality rate (CFR) that can reach up to 27%. With endemic infection in East Asia and the recent spread of the vector tick to more than 20 states in the United States, the SFTSV outbreak is a globally growing public health concern. However, there is currently no targeted antiviral therapy or licensed vaccine against SFTSV. Considering the age-dependent SFTS pathogenesis and disease outcome, a sophisticated vaccine development approach is required to safeguard the elderly population from lethal SFTSV infection. Given the recent emergence of SFTSV, the establishment of animal models to study immunogenicity and protection from SFTS symptoms has only occurred recently. The latest research efforts have applied diverse vaccine development approaches-including live-attenuated vaccine, DNA vaccine, whole inactivated virus vaccine, viral vector vaccine, protein subunit vaccine, and mRNA vaccine-in the quest to develop a safe and effective vaccine against SFTSV. This review aims to outline the current progress in SFTSV vaccine development and suggest future directions to enhance the safety and efficacy of these vaccines, ensuring their suitability for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dokyun Kim
- Cancer Biology Department, Infection Biology Program, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (D.K.); (C.-J.L.); (I.C.)
- Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Chih-Jen Lai
- Cancer Biology Department, Infection Biology Program, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (D.K.); (C.-J.L.); (I.C.)
- Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Inho Cha
- Cancer Biology Department, Infection Biology Program, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (D.K.); (C.-J.L.); (I.C.)
- Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Jae U. Jung
- Cancer Biology Department, Infection Biology Program, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (D.K.); (C.-J.L.); (I.C.)
- Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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7
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Kim D, Kim E, Kim S, Chung Y, Cho SD, Choi Y, Lai CJ, Dai X, Kang S, Kwak MJ, Cha I, Liu Z, Choi Y, Park SH, Choi YK, Jung JU. Self-assembling Gn head ferritin nanoparticle vaccine provides full protection from lethal challenge of Dabie Bandavirus in aged ferrets. bioRxiv 2023:2023.07.19.549761. [PMID: 37503275 PMCID: PMC10370104 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.19.549761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Dabie Bandavirus (DBV), previously known as Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome (SFTS) Virus, induces a characteristic thrombocytopenia with a mortality rate ranging from 12% to as high as 30%. The sero-prevalence of DBV in healthy people is not significantly different among age groups, but clinically diagnosed SFTS patients are older than ~50 years, suggesting that age is the critical risk factor for SFTS morbidity and mortality. Accordingly, our immune-competent ferret model demonstrates an age (>4 years old)-dependent DBV infection and pathogenesis that fully recapitulates human clinical manifestation. To protect the aged population from DBV-induced SFTS, vaccine should carry robust immunogenicity with high safety profile. Previous studies have shown that glycoproteins Gn/Gc are the most effective antigens for inducing both neutralizing antibody (NAb)- and T cell-mediated immunity and, thereby, protection. Here, we report the development of a protein subunit vaccine with 24-mer self-assembling ferritin (FT) nanoparticle to present DBV Gn head region (GnH) for enhanced immunogenicity. Anion exchange chromatography and size exclusion chromatography readily purified the GnH-FT nanoparticles to homogeneity with structural integrity. Mice immunized with GnH-FT nanoparticles induced robust NAb response and T-cell immunity against DBV Gn. Furthermore, aged ferrets immunized with GnH-FT nanoparticles were fully protected from DBV challenge without SFTS symptoms such as body weight loss, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, and fatality. This study demonstrates that DBV GnH-FT nanoparticles provide an efficient vaccine efficacy in mouse and aged ferret models and should be an outstanding vaccine candidate targeted for the aged population against fatal DBV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dokyun Kim
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Eunha Kim
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Zoonotic Infectious Disease Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Center for Study of Emerging and Re-emerging Viruses, Korea Virus Research Institute, Institute for Basic Sciences, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Semi Kim
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Zoonotic Infectious Disease Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Center for Study of Emerging and Re-emerging Viruses, Korea Virus Research Institute, Institute for Basic Sciences, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Youseung Chung
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Dong Cho
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunseo Choi
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chih-Jen Lai
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Xinghong Dai
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Seokmin Kang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Mi-Jeong Kwak
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Inho Cha
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Ziyi Liu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Younho Choi
- Florida Research and Innovation Center, Cleveland Clinic, Port St. Lucie, FL, USA
| | - Su-Hyung Park
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ki Choi
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Zoonotic Infectious Disease Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Center for Study of Emerging and Re-emerging Viruses, Korea Virus Research Institute, Institute for Basic Sciences, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae U. Jung
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
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8
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Chathuranga WAG, Nikapitiya C, Kim JH, Chathuranga K, Weerawardhana A, Dodantenna N, Kim DJ, Poo H, Jung JU, Lee CH, Lee JS. Gadd45β is critical for regulation of type I interferon signaling by facilitating G3BP-mediated stress granule formation. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113358. [PMID: 37917584 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Stress granules (SGs) constitute a signaling hub that plays a critical role in type I interferon responses. Here, we report that growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible beta (Gadd45β) act as a positive regulator of SG-mediated interferon signaling by targeting G3BP upon RNA virus infection. Gadd45β deficiency markedly impairs SG formation and SG-mediated activation of interferon signaling in vitro. Gadd45β knockout mice are highly susceptible to RNA virus infection, and their ability to produce interferon and cytokines is severely impaired. Specifically, Gadd45β interacts with the RNA-binding domain of G3BP, leading to conformational expansion of G3BP1 via dissolution of its autoinhibitory electrostatic intramolecular interaction. The acidic loop 1- and RNA-binding properties of Gadd45β markedly increase the conformational expansion and RNA-binding affinity of the G3BP1-Gadd45β complex, thereby promoting assembly of SGs. These findings suggest a role for Gadd45β as a component and critical regulator of G3BP1-mediated SG formation, which facilitates RLR-mediated interferon signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- W A Gayan Chathuranga
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34314, Republic of Korea
| | - Chamilani Nikapitiya
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34314, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hoon Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34314, Republic of Korea; Livestock Products Analysis Division, Division of Animal Health, Daejeon Metropolitan City Institute of Health and Environment, Daejeon 34146, Republic of Korea
| | - Kiramage Chathuranga
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34314, Republic of Korea
| | - Asela Weerawardhana
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34314, Republic of Korea
| | - Niranjan Dodantenna
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34314, Republic of Korea
| | - Doo-Jin Kim
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Haryoung Poo
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Konkuk Institute of Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae U Jung
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Chul-Ho Lee
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRRIB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong-Soo Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34314, Republic of Korea.
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9
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Kim D, Lai CJ, Cha I, Kang S, Yang WS, Choi Y, Jung JU. SFTSV Gn-Head mRNA vaccine confers efficient protection against lethal viral challenge. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e29203. [PMID: 37909776 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) is an emerging tick-borne virus, causing thrombocytopenia and hemorrhagic fever, with a fatality rate ranging from 12% to 30%. SFTSV possesses Gn and Gc glycoproteins, which are responsible for host cell receptor attachment and membrane fusion, respectively, to infect host cells. We have previously reported a protein subunit vaccine candidate (sGn-H-FT) of the SFTSV soluble Gn head region (sGn-H) fused with self-assembling ferritin (FT) nanoparticles, displaying strong protective immunogenicity. In this study, we present messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine candidates encoding sGn-H or sGn-H-FT, both of which exhibit potent in vivo immunogenicity and protection capacity. Mice immunized with either sGn-H or sGn-H-FT mRNA lipid nanoparticle (LNP) vaccine produced strong total antibodies and neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) against sGn-H. Importantly, NAb titers remained high for an extended period. Finally, mice immunized with sGn-H or sGn-H-FT mRNA LNP vaccine were fully protected from a lethal dose of SFTSV challenge, showing no fatality. These findings underscore the promise of sGn-H and sGn-H-FT as vaccine antigen candidates capable of providing protective immunity against SFTSV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dokyun Kim
- Department of Cancer Biology and Infection Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Global Center for Pathogen Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Ohio, USA
| | - Chih-Jen Lai
- Department of Cancer Biology and Infection Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Global Center for Pathogen Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Ohio, USA
| | - Inho Cha
- Department of Cancer Biology and Infection Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Seokmin Kang
- Department of Cancer Biology and Infection Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Global Center for Pathogen Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Ohio, USA
| | - Wan-Shan Yang
- Department of Cancer Biology and Infection Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Global Center for Pathogen Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Ohio, USA
| | - Younho Choi
- Florida Research and Innovation Center, Cleveland Clinic, Port St. Lucie, Florida, USA
| | - Jae U Jung
- Department of Cancer Biology and Infection Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Global Center for Pathogen Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Ohio, USA
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10
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Kim D, Kim E, Kim S, Chung Y, Lai CJ, Cha I, Cho SD, Choi Y, Dai X, Kim S, Kang S, Kwak MJ, Liu Z, Choi Y, Park SH, Choi YK, Jung JU. Self-assembling Gn head ferritin nanoparticle vaccine provides full protection from lethal challenge of Dabie bandavirus in aged ferrets. mBio 2023; 14:e0186823. [PMID: 37712692 PMCID: PMC10653821 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01868-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Dabie bandavirus (DBV) is an emerging tick-borne virus that causes severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) in infected patients. Human SFTS symptoms progress from fever, fatigue, and muscle pain to the depletion of white blood cells and platelets with fatality rates up to 30%. The recent spread of its vector tick to over 20 states in the United States increases the potential for outbreaks of the SFTS beyond the East Asia. Thus, the development of vaccine to control this rapidly emerging virus is a high priority. In this study, we applied self-assembling ferritin (FT) nanoparticle to enhance the immunogenicity of DBV Gn head domain (GnH) as a vaccine target. Mice immunized with the GnH-FT nanoparticle vaccine induced potent antibody responses and cellular immunity. Immunized aged ferrets were fully protected from the lethal challenge of DBV. Our study describes the GnH-FT nanoparticle vaccine candidate that provides protective immunity against the emerging DBV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dokyun Kim
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Eunha Kim
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Zoonotic Infectious Disease Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Center for Study of Emerging and Re-emerging Viruses, Korea Virus Research Institute, Institute for Basic Sciences, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Semi Kim
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Zoonotic Infectious Disease Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Center for Study of Emerging and Re-emerging Viruses, Korea Virus Research Institute, Institute for Basic Sciences, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Youseung Chung
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chih-Jen Lai
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Inho Cha
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Sung-Dong Cho
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunseo Choi
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Xinghong Dai
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Stephanie Kim
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Seokmin Kang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Mi-Jeong Kwak
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Ziyi Liu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Younho Choi
- Florida Research and Innovation Center, Cleveland Clinic, Port St. Lucie, Florida, USA
| | - Su-Hyung Park
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ki Choi
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Zoonotic Infectious Disease Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Center for Study of Emerging and Re-emerging Viruses, Korea Virus Research Institute, Institute for Basic Sciences, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae U. Jung
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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11
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Shin WJ, Kang S, Jung JU. Zoonotic potential of a pangolin coronavirus. Nat Microbiol 2023; 8:1760-1761. [PMID: 37749253 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-023-01478-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Woo-Jin Shin
- Cancer Biology Department, Infection Biology Program, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Florida Research and Innovation Center, Cleveland Clinic, Port St. Lucie, FL, USA
| | - Seokmin Kang
- Cancer Biology Department, Infection Biology Program, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jae U Jung
- Cancer Biology Department, Infection Biology Program, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
- Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
- Florida Research and Innovation Center, Cleveland Clinic, Port St. Lucie, FL, USA.
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12
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Kim SM, Kim EH, Casel MAB, Kim YI, Sun R, Kwak MJ, Yoo JS, Yu M, Yu KM, Jang SG, Rollon R, Choi JH, Gil J, Eun K, Kim H, Ensser A, Hwang J, Song MS, Kim MH, Jung JU, Choi YK. SARS-CoV-2 variants with NSP12 P323L/G671S mutations display enhanced virus replication in ferret upper airways and higher transmissibility. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113077. [PMID: 37676771 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
With the emergence of multiple predominant SARS-CoV-2 variants, it becomes important to have a comprehensive assessment of their viral fitness and transmissibility. Here, we demonstrate that natural temperature differences between the upper (33°C) and lower (37°C) respiratory tract have profound effects on SARS-CoV-2 replication and transmissibility. Specifically, SARS-CoV-2 variants containing the NSP12 mutations P323L or P323L/G671S exhibit enhanced RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) activity at 33°C compared with 37°C and high transmissibility. Molecular dynamics simulations and microscale thermophoresis demonstrate that the NSP12 P323L and P323L/G671S mutations stabilize the NSP12-NSP7-NSP8 complex through hydrophobic effects, leading to increased viral RdRp activity. Furthermore, competitive transmissibility assay reveals that reverse genetic (RG)-P323L or RG-P323L/G671S NSP12 outcompetes RG-WT (wild-type) NSP12 for replication in the upper respiratory tract, allowing markedly rapid transmissibility. This suggests that NSP12 P323L or P323L/G671S mutation of SARS-CoV-2 is associated with increased RdRp complex stability and enzymatic activity, promoting efficient transmissibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se-Mi Kim
- Center for Study of Emerging and Re-emerging Viruses, Korea Virus Research Institute, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ha Kim
- Center for Study of Emerging and Re-emerging Viruses, Korea Virus Research Institute, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - Mark Anthony B Casel
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Il Kim
- Center for Study of Emerging and Re-emerging Viruses, Korea Virus Research Institute, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - Rong Sun
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogens and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Mi-Jeong Kwak
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogens and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ji-Seung Yoo
- Center for Study of Emerging and Re-emerging Viruses, Korea Virus Research Institute, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - Mina Yu
- Center for Study of Emerging and Re-emerging Viruses, Korea Virus Research Institute, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Min Yu
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Gyu Jang
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Rare Rollon
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Ho Choi
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Juryeon Gil
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Kiyoung Eun
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology, Korea University, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunggee Kim
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology, Korea University, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Armin Ensser
- Institute for Clinical and Molecular Virology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jungwon Hwang
- Infection and Immunity Research Laboratory, Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Min-Suk Song
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Hee Kim
- Infection and Immunity Research Laboratory, Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Jae U Jung
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogens and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Young Ki Choi
- Center for Study of Emerging and Re-emerging Viruses, Korea Virus Research Institute, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea; College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea.
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13
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Zeng J, Wang Y, Luo Z, Chang LC, Yoo JS, Yan H, Choi Y, Xie X, Deverman BE, Gradinaru V, Gupton SL, Zlokovic BV, Zhao Z, Jung JU. TRIM9-Mediated Resolution of Neuroinflammation Confers Neuroprotection upon Ischemic Stroke in Mice. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113050. [PMID: 37597183 PMCID: PMC10521935 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/21/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Zhen Zhao
- Correspondence:
(B.V.Z.), (Z.Z.),
(J.U.J.)
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14
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Asthana A, Corona A, Shin WJ, Kwak MJ, Gaughan C, Tramontano E, Jung JU, Schobert R, Jha BK, Silverman RH, Biersack B. Analogs of the Catechol Derivative Dynasore Inhibit HIV-1 Ribonuclease H, SARS-CoV-2 nsp14 Exoribonuclease, and Virus Replication. Viruses 2023; 15:1539. [PMID: 37515225 PMCID: PMC10385162 DOI: 10.3390/v15071539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Viral replication often depends on RNA maturation and degradation processes catalyzed by viral ribonucleases, which are therefore candidate targets for antiviral drugs. Here, we synthesized and studied the antiviral properties of a novel nitrocatechol compound (1c) and other analogs that are structurally related to the catechol derivative dynasore. Interestingly, compound 1c strongly inhibited two DEDD box viral ribonucleases, HIV-1 RNase H and SARS-CoV-2 nsp14 3'-to-5' exoribonuclease (ExoN). While 1c inhibited SARS-CoV-2 ExoN activity, it did not interfere with the mRNA methyltransferase activity of nsp14. In silico molecular docking placed compound 1c in the catalytic pocket of the ExoN domain of nsp14. Finally, 1c inhibited SARS-CoV-2 replication but had no toxicity to human lung adenocarcinoma cells. Given its simple chemical synthesis from easily available starting materials, these results suggest that 1c might be a lead compound for the design of new antiviral compounds that target coronavirus nsp14 ExoN and other viral ribonucleases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Asthana
- Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 2111 East 96th St, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Angela Corona
- Laboratorio di Virologia Molecolare, Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Dell'Ambiente, Universitá degli Studi di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato SS554, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Woo-Jin Shin
- Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 2111 East 96th St, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Mi-Jeong Kwak
- Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 2111 East 96th St, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Christina Gaughan
- Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 2111 East 96th St, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Enzo Tramontano
- Laboratorio di Virologia Molecolare, Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Dell'Ambiente, Universitá degli Studi di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato SS554, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Jae U Jung
- Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 2111 East 96th St, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Rainer Schobert
- Organic Chemistry 1, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Babal Kant Jha
- Center for Immunotherapy and Precision Immuno-Oncology, Lerner Research Institute and Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 2111 East 96th St, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Robert H Silverman
- Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 2111 East 96th St, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Bernhard Biersack
- Organic Chemistry 1, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
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15
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Song J, Jeong BS, Kim SW, Im SB, Kim S, Lai CJ, Cho W, Jung JU, Ahn MJ, Oh BH. Noncovalent antibody catenation on a target surface greatly increases the antigen-binding avidity. eLife 2023; 12:81646. [PMID: 37249578 DOI: 10.7554/elife.81646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies are widely used for diagnosis and therapy. Given the unique dimeric structure of IgG, we hypothesized that, by genetically fusing a homodimeric protein (catenator) to the C-terminus of IgG, reversible catenation of antibody molecules could be induced on a surface where target antigen molecules are abundant, and that it could be an effective way to greatly enhance the antigen-binding avidity. A thermodynamic simulation showed that quite low homodimerization affinity of a catenator, e.g. dissociation constant of 100 μM, can enhance nanomolar antigen-binding avidity to a picomolar level, and that the fold enhancement sharply depends on the density of the antigen. In a proof-of-concept experiment where antigen molecules are immobilized on a biosensor tip, the C-terminal fusion of a pair of weakly homodimerizing proteins to three different antibodies enhanced the antigen-binding avidity by at least 110 or 304 folds from the intrinsic binding avidity. Compared with the mother antibody, Obinutuzumab(Y101L) which targets CD20, the same antibody with fused catenators exhibited significantly enhanced binding to SU-DHL5 cells. Together, the homodimerization-induced antibody catenation would be a new powerful approach to improve antibody applications, including the detection of scarce biomarkers and targeted anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyeop Song
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Seong Jeong
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST Institute for the Biocentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Woo Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST Institute for the Biocentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Bin Im
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST Institute for the Biocentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonghoon Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST Institute for the Biocentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chih-Jen Lai
- Cancer Biology Department, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, United States
| | - Wonki Cho
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST Institute for the Biocentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae U Jung
- Cancer Biology Department, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, United States
| | - Myung-Ju Ahn
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Ha Oh
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST Institute for the Biocentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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16
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Choi YJ, Yoo JS, Jung K, Rice L, Kim D, Zlojutro V, Frimel M, Madden E, Choi UY, Foo SS, Choi Y, Jiang Z, Johnson H, Kwak MJ, Kang S, Hong B, Seo GJ, Kim S, Lee SA, Amini-Bavil-Olyaee S, Maazi H, Akbari O, Asosingh K, Jung JU. Lung-specific MCEMP1 functions as an adaptor for KIT to promote SCF-mediated mast cell proliferation. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2045. [PMID: 37041174 PMCID: PMC10090139 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37873-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung mast cells are important in host defense, and excessive proliferation or activation of these cells can cause chronic inflammatory disorders like asthma. Two parallel pathways induced by KIT-stem cell factor (SCF) and FcεRI-immunoglobulin E interactions are critical for the proliferation and activation of mast cells, respectively. Here, we report that mast cell-expressed membrane protein1 (MCEMP1), a lung-specific surface protein, functions as an adaptor for KIT, which promotes SCF-mediated mast cell proliferation. MCEMP1 elicits intracellular signaling through its cytoplasmic immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif and forms a complex with KIT to enhance its autophosphorylation and activation. Consequently, MCEMP1 deficiency impairs SCF-induced peritoneal mast cell proliferation in vitro and lung mast cell expansion in vivo. Mcemp1-deficient mice exhibit reduced airway inflammation and lung impairment in chronic asthma mouse models. This study shows lung-specific MCEMP1 as an adaptor for KIT to facilitate SCF-mediated mast cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youn Jung Choi
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
| | - Ji-Seung Yoo
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea
| | - Kyle Jung
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Logan Rice
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Dokyun Kim
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Violetta Zlojutro
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Matthew Frimel
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Evan Madden
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Un Yung Choi
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Suan-Sin Foo
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Younho Choi
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
- Florida Research and Innovation Center, Cleveland Clinic, Port Saint Lucie, FL, 34987, USA
| | - Zhongyi Jiang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Holly Johnson
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Mi-Jeong Kwak
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Seokmin Kang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Brian Hong
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Gil Ju Seo
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Stephanie Kim
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Shin-Ae Lee
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Samad Amini-Bavil-Olyaee
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
- Biosafety Development Group, Cellular Sciences Department, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA, 91320, USA
| | - Hadi Maazi
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Omid Akbari
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Kewal Asosingh
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Jae U Jung
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
- Florida Research and Innovation Center, Cleveland Clinic, Port Saint Lucie, FL, 34987, USA.
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17
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Hernandez JC, Chen CL, Machida T, Uthaya Kumar DB, Tahara SM, Montana J, Sher L, Liang J, Jung JU, Tsukamoto H, Machida K. LIN28 and histone H3K4 methylase induce TLR4 to generate tumor-initiating stem-like cells. iScience 2023; 26:106254. [PMID: 36949755 PMCID: PMC10025994 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemoresistance and plasticity of tumor-initiating stem-like cells (TICs) promote tumor recurrence and metastasis. The gut-originating endotoxin-TLR4-NANOG oncogenic axis is responsible for the genesis of TICs. This study investigated mechanisms as to how TICs arise through transcriptional, epigenetic, and post-transcriptional activation of oncogenic TLR4 pathways. Here, we expressed constitutively active TLR4 (caTLR4) in mice carrying pLAP-tTA or pAlb-tTA, under a tetracycline withdrawal-inducible system. Liver progenitor cell induction accelerated liver tumor development in caTLR4-expressing mice. Lentiviral shRNA library screening identified histone H3K4 methylase SETD7 as central to activation of TLR4. SETD7 combined with hypoxia induced TLR4 through HIF2 and NOTCH. LIN28 post-transcriptionally stabilized TLR4 mRNA via de-repression of let-7 microRNA. These results supported a LIN28-TLR4 pathway for the development of HCCs in a hypoxic microenvironment. These findings not only advance our understanding of molecular mechanisms responsible for TIC generation in HCC, but also represent new therapeutic targets for the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Hernandez
- Departments of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
- MS Biotechnology Program, California State University Channel Islands, Camarillo, CA 93012, USA
| | - Chia-Lin Chen
- Departments of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
- Department of Life Sciences & Institute of Genome Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Tatsuya Machida
- Departments of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Dinesh Babu Uthaya Kumar
- Departments of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Stanley M. Tahara
- Departments of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Jared Montana
- Departments of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Linda Sher
- Department of Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | | | - Jae U. Jung
- Departments of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Hidekazu Tsukamoto
- Department of Pathology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
- Southern California Research Center for ALPD and Cirrhosis, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Keigo Machida
- Departments of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
- Southern California Research Center for ALPD and Cirrhosis, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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18
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Foo SS, Chen W, Jung KL, Azamor T, Choi UY, Zhang P, Comhair SA, Erzurum SC, Jehi L, Jung JU. Immunometabolic rewiring in long COVID patients with chronic headache. bioRxiv 2023:2023.03.06.531302. [PMID: 36945569 PMCID: PMC10028820 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.06.531302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Almost 20% of patients with COVID-19 experience long-term effects, known as post-COVID condition or long COVID. Among many lingering neurologic symptoms, chronic headache is the most common. Despite this health concern, the etiology of long COVID headache is still not well characterized. Here, we present a longitudinal multi-omics analysis of blood leukocyte transcriptomics, plasma proteomics and metabolomics of long COVID patients with chronic headache. Long COVID patients experienced a state of hyper-inflammation prior to chronic headache onset and maintained persistent inflammatory activation throughout the progression of chronic headache. Metabolomic analysis also revealed augmented arginine and lipid metabolisms, skewing towards a nitric oxide-based pro-inflammation. Furthermore, metabolisms of neurotransmitters including serotonin, dopamine, glutamate, and GABA were markedly dysregulated during the progression of long COVID headache. Overall, these findings illustrate the immuno-metabolomics landscape of long COVID patients with chronic headache, which may provide insights to potential therapeutic interventions.
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19
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Xia T, Wu X, Hong E, Jung K, Lai CJ, Kwak MJ, Seo H, Kim S, Jiang Z, Cha I, Jung JU. Glucosylceramide is essential for Heartland and Dabie bandavirus glycoprotein-induced membrane fusion. PLoS Pathog 2023; 19:e1011232. [PMID: 36920967 PMCID: PMC10016662 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to climate changes, there has been a large expansion of emerging tick-borne zoonotic viruses, including Heartland bandavirus (HRTV) and Dabie bandavirus (DBV). As etiologic agents of hemorrhagic fever with high fatality, HRTV and DBV have been recognized as dangerous viral pathogens that likely cause future wide epidemics. Despite serious health concerns, the mechanisms underlying viral infection are largely unknown. HRTV and DBV Gn and Gc are viral surface glycoproteins required for early entry events during infection. Glycosphingolipids, including galactosylceramide (GalCer), glucosylceramide (GlcCer) and lactosylceramide (LacCer), are a class of membrane lipids that play essential roles in membrane structure and viral lifecycle. Here, our genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 knockout screen identifies that glycosphingolipid biosynthesis pathway is essential for HRTV and DBV infection. The deficiency of UDP-glucose ceramide glucosyltransferase (UGCG) that produces GlcCer resulted in the loss of infectivity of recombinant viruses pseudotyped with HRTV or DBV Gn/Gc glycoproteins. Conversely, exogenous supplement of GlcCer, but not GalCer or LacCer, recovered viral entry of UGCG-deficient cells in a dose-dependent manner. Biophysical analyses showed that GlcCer targeted the lipid-head-group binding pocket of Gc to form a stable protein-lipid complex, which allowed the insertion of Gc protein into host lysosomal membrane lipid bilayers for viral fusion. Mutagenesis showed that D841 residue at the Gc lipid binding pocket was critical for GlcCer interaction and thereby, viral entry. These findings reveal detailed mechanism of GlcCer glycosphingolipid in HRTV and DBV Gc-mediated membrane fusion and provide a potential therapeutic target for tickborne virus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Xia
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Xin Wu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Eunjin Hong
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, California, United States of America
| | - Kyle Jung
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Chih-Jen Lai
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Mi-Jeong Kwak
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Hogyu Seo
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Stephanie Kim
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Zhongyi Jiang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Inho Cha
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Jae U. Jung
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
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20
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Sun N, Zhang RR, Song GY, Cai Q, Aliyari SR, Nielsen-Saines K, Jung JU, Yang H, Cheng G, Qin CF. SERTAD3 induces proteasomal degradation of ZIKV capsid protein and represents a therapeutic target. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e28451. [PMID: 36594413 PMCID: PMC9975044 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne RNA virus that belongs to the Flaviviridae family. While flavivirus replication is known to occur in the cytoplasm, a significant portion of the viral capsid protein localizes to the nucleus during infection. However, the role of the nuclear capsid is less clear. Herein, we demonstrated SERTA domain containing 3 (SERTAD3) as an antiviral interferon stimulatory gene product had an antiviral ability to ZIKV but not JEV. Mechanistically, we found that SERTAD3 interacted with the capsid protein of ZIKV in the nucleolus and reduced capsid protein abundance through proteasomal degradation. Furthermore, an eight amino acid peptide of SERTAD3 was identified as the minimum motif that binds with ZIKV capsid protein. Remarkably, the eight amino acids synthetic peptide from SERTAD3 significantly prevented ZIKV infection in culture and pregnant mouse models. Taken together, these findings not only reveal the function of SERTAD3 in promoting proteasomal degradation of a specific viral protein but also provide a promising host-targeted therapeutic strategy against ZIKV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Sun
- Center of Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China,Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rong-Rong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Guang-Yuan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China,School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Qiaomei Cai
- Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Saba R. Aliyari
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Karin Nielsen-Saines
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jae U. Jung
- Department of Cancer Biology and Global Center for Pathogens Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Heng Yang
- Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Genhong Cheng
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Cheng-Feng Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China,School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China,Research Unit of Discovery and Tracing of Natural Focus Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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21
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Cambou MC, Liu CM, Mok T, Fajardo-Martinez V, Paiola SG, Ibarrondo FJ, Kerin T, Fuller T, Tobin NH, Garcia G, Bhattacharya D, Aldrovandi GM, Arumugaswami V, Foo SS, Jung JU, Vasconcelos Z, Brasil P, Brendolin M, Yang O, Rao R, Nielsen-Saines K. Longitudinal Evaluation of Antibody Persistence in Mother-Infant Dyads After Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection in Pregnancy. J Infect Dis 2023; 227:236-245. [PMID: 36082433 PMCID: PMC9494415 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiac366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are limited data on how coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity, timing of infection, and subsequent vaccination impact transplacental transfer and persistence of maternal and infant antibodies. METHODS In a longitudinal cohort of pregnant women with polymerase chain reaction-confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, maternal/infant sera were collected at enrollment, delivery/birth, and 6 months. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike immunoglobulin (Ig)G, IgM, and IgA were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Two-hundred fifty-six pregnant women and 135 infants were enrolled; 148 maternal and 122 neonatal specimens were collected at delivery/birth; 45 maternal and 48 infant specimens were collected at 6 months. Sixty-eight percent of women produced all anti-SARS-CoV-2 isotypes at delivery (IgG, IgM, IgA); 96% had at least 1 isotype. Symptomatic disease and vaccination before delivery were associated with higher maternal IgG at labor and delivery. Detectable IgG in infants dropped from 78% at birth to 52% at 6 months. In the multivariate analysis evaluating factors associated with detectable IgG in infants at delivery, significant predictors were 3rd trimester infection (odds ratio [OR] = 4.0), mild/moderate disease (OR = 4.8), severe/critical disease (OR = 6.3), and maternal vaccination before delivery (OR = 18.8). No factors were significant in the multivariate analysis at 6 months postpartum. CONCLUSIONS Vaccination in pregnancy post-COVID-19 recovery is a strategy for boosting antibodies in mother-infant dyads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary C Cambou
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, U.S
| | - Christine M Liu
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, U.S
| | - Thalia Mok
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, U.S
| | - Viviana Fajardo-Martinez
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, U.S
| | - Sophia G Paiola
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, U.S
| | - Francisco J Ibarrondo
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, U.S
| | - Tara Kerin
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, U.S
| | - Trevon Fuller
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, U.S
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040360, Brazil
| | - Nicole H Tobin
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, U.S
| | - Gustavo Garcia
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, U.S
| | - Debika Bhattacharya
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, U.S
| | - Grace M Aldrovandi
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, U.S
| | | | - Suan Sin Foo
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, U.S
| | - Jae U Jung
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, U.S
| | | | | | - Michelle Brendolin
- Maternidade do Hospital Estadual Adão Pereira Nunes, Caxias, RJ, 25221-970, Brazil
| | - Otto Yang
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, U.S
| | - Rashmi Rao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, U.S
| | - Karin Nielsen-Saines
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, U.S
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22
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Lee SA, Chang LC, Jung W, Bowman JW, Kim D, Chen W, Foo SS, Choi YJ, Choi UY, Bowling A, Yoo JS, Jung JU. OASL phase condensation induces amyloid-like fibrillation of RIPK3 to promote virus-induced necroptosis. Nat Cell Biol 2023; 25:92-107. [PMID: 36604592 PMCID: PMC9859756 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-022-01039-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
RIPK3-ZBP1-MLKL-mediated necroptosis is a proinflammatory cell death process that is crucial for antiviral host defence. RIPK3 self-oligomerization and autophosphorylation are prerequisites for executing necroptosis, yet the underlying mechanism of virus-induced RIPK3 activation remains elusive. Interferon-inducible 2'-5' oligoadenylate synthetase-like (OASL) protein is devoid of enzymatic function but displays potent antiviral activity. Here we describe a role of OASL as a virus-induced necroptosis promoter that scaffolds the RIPK3-ZBP1 non-canonical necrosome via liquid-like phase condensation. This liquid-like platform of OASL recruits RIPK3 and ZBP1 via protein-protein interactions to provide spatial segregation for RIPK3 nucleation. This process facilitates the amyloid-like fibril formation and activation of RIPK3 and thereby MLKL phosphorylation for necroptosis. Mice deficient in Oasl1 exhibit severely impaired necroptosis and attenuated inflammation after viral infection, resulting in uncontrolled viral dissemination and lethality. Our study demonstrates an interferon-induced innate response whereby OASL scaffolds RIPK3-ZBP1 assembly via its phase-separated liquid droplets to facilitate necroptosis-mediated antiviral immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Ae Lee
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Lin-Chun Chang
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Immunology Program of the Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
| | - WooRam Jung
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - James W Bowman
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Dokyun Kim
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Weiqiang Chen
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Suan-Sin Foo
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Youn Jung Choi
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Un Yung Choi
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Anna Bowling
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ji-Seung Yoo
- Center for Study of Emerging and Re-emerging Viruses, Korea Virus Research Institute, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae U Jung
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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23
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Park J, Zhao Y, Zhang F, Zhang S, Kwong AC, Zhang Y, Hoffmann HH, Bushweller L, Wu X, Ashbrook AW, Stefanovic B, Chen S, Branch AD, Mason CE, Jung JU, Rice CM, Wu X. IL-6/STAT3 axis dictates the PNPLA3-mediated susceptibility to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. J Hepatol 2023; 78:45-56. [PMID: 36049612 PMCID: PMC9772150 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2022.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS A number of genetic polymorphisms have been associated with susceptibility to or protection against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Here, we focused on the rs738409 C>G single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), which produces the I148M variant of patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3 (PNPLA3) and is strongly associated with NAFLD. METHODS To enable mechanistic dissection, we developed a human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived multicellular liver culture by incorporating hPSC-derived hepatocytes, hepatic stellate cells, and macrophages. We first applied this liver culture to model NAFLD by utilising a lipotoxic milieu reflecting the circulating levels of disease risk factors in affected individuals. We then created an isogenic pair of liver cultures differing only at rs738049 and compared NAFLD phenotype development. RESULTS Our hPSC-derived liver culture recapitulated many key characteristics of NAFLD development and progression including lipid accumulation and oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and stellate cell activation. Under the lipotoxic conditions, the I148M variant caused the enhanced development of NAFLD phenotypes. These differences were associated with elevated IL-6/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) activity in liver cultures, consistent with transcriptomic data of liver biopsies from individuals carrying the rs738409 SNP. Dampening IL-6/STAT3 activity alleviated the I148M-mediated susceptibility to NAFLD, whereas boosting it in wild-type liver cultures enhanced NAFLD development. Finally, we attributed this elevated IL-6/STAT3 activity in liver cultures carrying the rs738409 SNP to increased NF-κB activity. CONCLUSIONS Our study thus reveals a potential causal link between elevated IL-6/STAT3 activity and 148M-mediated susceptibility to NAFLD. IMPACT AND IMPLICATIONS An increasing number of genetic variants manifest in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) development and progression; however, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. To study these variants in human-relevant systems, we developed an induced pluripotent stem cell-derived multicellular liver culture and focused on a common genetic variant (i.e. rs738409 in PNPLA3). Our findings not only provide mechanistic insight, but also a potential therapeutic strategy for NAFLD driven by this genetic variant in PNPLA3. Our liver culture is therefore a useful platform for exploring genetic variants in NAFLD development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwoon Park
- Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Disease, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Systems Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA; The HRH Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal Bin Abdulaziz Alsaud Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yuanyuan Zhao
- Infection Biology Program and Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Fan Zhang
- Infection Biology Program and Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Shaoyan Zhang
- Infection Biology Program and Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Andrew C Kwong
- Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Disease, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA; The Biological and Biomedical Sciences Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yujie Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Hans-Heinrich Hoffmann
- Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Disease, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Leila Bushweller
- Infection Biology Program and Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Xin Wu
- Infection Biology Program and Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Alison W Ashbrook
- Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Disease, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Branko Stefanovic
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Shuyang Chen
- Infection Biology Program and Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Andrea D Branch
- Division of Liver Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christopher E Mason
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Systems Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA; The HRH Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal Bin Abdulaziz Alsaud Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jae U Jung
- Infection Biology Program and Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Charles M Rice
- Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Disease, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Xianfang Wu
- Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Disease, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA; Infection Biology Program and Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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24
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Lai CJ, Kim D, Kang S, Li K, Cha I, Sasaki A, Porras J, Xia T, Jung JU. Viral codon optimization on SARS-CoV-2 Spike boosts immunity in the development of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e29183. [PMID: 37861466 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Life-long persistent herpesviruses carry "trans-inducers" to overcome the unusual codon usage of their glycoproteins for efficient expression. Strikingly, this "trans-inducibility" can be achieved by simply changing the codon-usage of acute virus glycoproteins to that of persistent herpesvirus glycoproteins with herpesviral trans-inducer. Here, we apply the "persistent viral codon-usage-trans-inducer" principle to SARS-CoV-2 Spike mRNA vaccine platform, in which the codon-usage of Spike is changed to that of Herpes Simplex Virus-1 (HSV-1) glycoprotein B (gB) with its "trans-inducer" ICP27. The HSVgB-ICP27-codon-optimized Spike mRNA vaccine induced markedly high antigen expression and stability, total IgG, neutralizing antibody, and T cell response, ultimately enhancing protection against lethal SARS-CoV-2 challenge. Moreover, the HSVgB- codon-optimized Delta (B.1.617.2) strain Spike mRNA vaccine provided significant enhancements in antigen expression and long-term protection against SARS-CoV-2 challenge. Thus, we report a novel persistent viral codon-usage-trans-inducer mRNA vaccine platform for enhanced antigen expression and long-term protection against lethal viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Jen Lai
- Department of Cancer Biology and Infection Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Global Center for Pathogen Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Dokyun Kim
- Department of Cancer Biology and Infection Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Global Center for Pathogen Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Seokmin Kang
- Department of Cancer Biology and Infection Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Global Center for Pathogen Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Kun Li
- Florida Research and Innovation Center, Cleveland Clinic, Port St. Lucie, Florida, USA
| | - Inho Cha
- Department of Cancer Biology and Infection Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Akimi Sasaki
- Department of Cancer Biology and Infection Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Global Center for Pathogen Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Jose Porras
- Florida Research and Innovation Center, Cleveland Clinic, Port St. Lucie, Florida, USA
| | - Tian Xia
- Department of Cancer Biology and Infection Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Global Center for Pathogen Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Jae U Jung
- Department of Cancer Biology and Infection Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Global Center for Pathogen Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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25
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Jeong BS, Jeon JY, Lai CJ, Yun HY, Jung JU, Oh BH. Corrigendum: Structural basis for the broad and potent cross-reactivity of an N501Y-centric antibody against sarbecoviruses. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1103893. [PMID: 36569833 PMCID: PMC9773972 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1103893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1049867.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Seong Jeong
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST Institute for the Biocentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Joon Young Jeon
- Department of Protein Design, Therazyne, lnc., Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Chih-Jen Lai
- Cancer Biology Department, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | | | - Jae U. Jung
- Cancer Biology Department, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States,*Correspondence: Byung-Ha Oh, ; Jae U. Jung,
| | - Byung-Ha Oh
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST Institute for the Biocentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea,Department of Protein Design, Therazyne, lnc., Daejeon, South Korea,*Correspondence: Byung-Ha Oh, ; Jae U. Jung,
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26
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Jeong BS, Jeon JY, Lai CJ, Yun HY, Jung JU, Oh BH. Structural basis for the broad and potent cross-reactivity of an N501Y-centric antibody against sarbecoviruses. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1049867. [PMID: 36466915 PMCID: PMC9714666 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1049867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
More than 80% of SARS-CoV-2 variants, including Alpha and Omicron, contain an N501Y mutation in the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein. The N501Y change is an adaptive mutation enabling tighter interaction with the human ACE2 receptor. We have developed a broadly neutralizing antibody (nAb), D27LEY, whose binding affinity was intentionally optimized for Y501. This N501Y-centric antibody not only interacts with the Y501-containing RBDs of SARS-CoV-2 variants, including Omicron, with pico- or subnanomolar binding affinity, but also binds tightly to the RBDs with a different amino acid at residue 501. The crystal structure of the Fab fragment of D27LEY bound to the RBD of the Alpha variant reveals that the Y501-containing loop adopts a ribbon-like topology and serves as a small but major epitope in which Y501 is a part of extensive intermolecular interactions. A hydrophobic cleft on the most conserved surface of the RBD core serves as another major binding epitope. These data explain the broad and potent cross-reactivity of this N501Y-centric antibody, and suggest that a vaccine antigenic component composed of the RBD core and a part of receptor-binding motif (RBM) containing tyrosine at residue 501 might elicit broad and potent humoral responses across sarbecoviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Seong Jeong
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST Institute for the Biocentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Joon Young Jeon
- Department of Protein Design, Therazyne, lnc., Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Chih-Jen Lai
- Cancer Biology Department, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | | | - Jae U. Jung
- Cancer Biology Department, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States,*Correspondence: Byung-Ha Oh, ; Jae U. Jung,
| | - Byung-Ha Oh
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST Institute for the Biocentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea,Department of Protein Design, Therazyne, lnc., Daejeon, South Korea,*Correspondence: Byung-Ha Oh, ; Jae U. Jung,
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27
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Kim SM, Kim EH, Casel MAB, Kim YI, Sun R, Kwack MJ, Yoo JS, Yu MA, Yu KM, Jang SG, Rollon R, Choi JH, Gil J, Eun K, Kim H, Ensser A, Hwang J, Song MS, Kim MH, Jung JU, Choi YK. SARS-CoV-2 variants show temperature-dependent enhanced polymerase activity in the upper respiratory tract and high transmissibility. bioRxiv 2022:2022.09.27.509689. [PMID: 36203545 PMCID: PMC9536035 DOI: 10.1101/2022.09.27.509689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
With the convergent global emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOC), a precise comparison study of viral fitness and transmission characteristics is necessary for the prediction of dominant VOCs and the development of suitable countermeasures. While airway temperature plays important roles in the fitness and transmissibility of respiratory tract viruses, it has not been well studied with SARS-CoV-2. Here we demonstrate that natural temperature differences between the upper (33°C) and lower (37°C) respiratory tract have profound effects on SARS-CoV-2 replication and transmission. Specifically, SARS-COV-2 variants containing the P323L or P323L/G671S mutation in the NSP12 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) exhibited enhanced RdRp enzymatic activity at 33°C compared to 37°C and high transmissibility in ferrets. MicroScale Thermophoresis demonstrated that the NSP12 P323L or P323L/G671S mutation stabilized the NSP12-NSP7-NSP8 complex interaction. Furthermore, reverse genetics-derived SARS-CoV-2 variants containing the NSP12 P323L or P323L/G671S mutation displayed enhanced replication at 33°C, and high transmission in ferrets. This suggests that the evolutionarily forced NSP12 P323L and P323L/G671S mutations of recent SARS-CoV-2 VOC strains are associated with increases of the RdRp complex stability and enzymatic activity, promoting the high transmissibility.
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28
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Zu S, Li C, Li L, Deng YQ, Chen X, Luo D, Ye Q, Huang YJ, Li XF, Zhang RR, Sun N, Zhang X, Aliyari SR, Nielsen-Saines K, Jung JU, Yang H, Qin CF, Cheng G. TRIM22 suppresses Zika virus replication by targeting NS1 and NS3 for proteasomal degradation. Cell Biosci 2022; 12:139. [PMID: 36042495 PMCID: PMC9429444 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-022-00872-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recognition of viral invasion by innate antiviral immune system triggers activation of the type I interferon (IFN-I) and proinflammatory signaling pathways. Subsequently, IFN-I induction regulates expression of a group of genes known as IFN-I-stimulated genes (ISGs) to block viral infection. The tripartite motif containing 22 (TRIM22) is an ISG with strong antiviral functions. Results Here we have shown that the TRIM22 has been strongly upregulated both transcriptionally and translationally upon Zika virus (ZIKV) infection. ZIKV infection is associated with a wide range of clinical manifestations in human from mild to severe symptoms including abnormal fetal brain development. We found that the antiviral function of TRIM22 plays a crucial role in counterattacking ZIKV infection. Overexpression of TRIM22 protein inhibited ZIKV growth whereas deletion of TRIM22 in host cells increased ZIKV infectivity. Mechanistically, TRIM22, as a functional E3 ubiquitin ligase, promoted the ubiquitination and degradation of ZIKV nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) and nonstructural protein 3 (NS3). Further studies showed that the SPRY domain and Ring domain of TRIM22 played important roles in protein interaction and degradation, respectively. In addition, we found that TRIM22 also inhibited other flaviviruses infection including dengue virus (DENV) and yellow fever virus (YFV). Conclusion Thus, TRIM22 is an ISG with important role in host defense against flaviviruses through binding and degradation of the NS1 and NS3 proteins. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13578-022-00872-w.
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29
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Jung KL, Choi UY, Park A, Foo SS, Kim S, Lee SA, Jung JU. Single-cell analysis of Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infection in three-dimensional air-liquid interface culture model. PLoS Pathog 2022; 18:e1010775. [PMID: 35976902 PMCID: PMC9385030 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The oral cavity is the major site for transmission of Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), but how KSHV establishes infection and replication in the oral epithelia remains unclear. Here, we report a KSHV spontaneous lytic replication model using fully differentiated, three-dimensional (3D) oral epithelial organoids at an air-liquid interface (ALI). This model revealed that KSHV infected the oral epithelia when the basal epithelial cells were exposed by damage. Unlike two-dimensional (2D) cell culture, 3D oral epithelial organoid ALI culture allowed high levels of spontaneous KSHV lytic replication, where lytically replicating cells were enriched at the superficial layer of epithelial organoid. Single cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) showed that KSHV infection induced drastic changes of host gene expression in infected as well as uninfected cells at the different epithelial layers, resulting in altered keratinocyte differentiation and cell death. Moreover, we identified a unique population of infected cells containing lytic gene expression at the KSHV K2-K5 gene locus and distinct host gene expression compared to latent or lytic infected cells. This study demonstrates an in vitro 3D epithelial organoid ALI culture model that recapitulates KSHV infection in the oral cavity, where KSHV undergoes the epithelial differentiation-dependent spontaneous lytic replication with a unique cell population carrying distinct viral gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle L. Jung
- Department of Cancer Biology and Global Center for Pathogen Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Un Yung Choi
- Department of Cancer Biology and Global Center for Pathogen Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Angela Park
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Suan-Sin Foo
- Department of Cancer Biology and Global Center for Pathogen Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Stephanie Kim
- Department of Cancer Biology and Global Center for Pathogen Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Shin-Ae Lee
- Department of Cancer Biology and Global Center for Pathogen Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Jae U. Jung
- Department of Cancer Biology and Global Center for Pathogen Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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30
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Choi UY, Lee JJ, Park A, Jung KL, Lee SA, Choi YJ, Lee HR, Lai CJ, Eoh H, Jung JU. Herpesvirus-induced spermidine synthesis and eIF5A hypusination for viral episomal maintenance. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111234. [PMID: 35977517 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Spermidine is essential for cellular growth and acts as a prerequisite of hypusination, a post-translational modification of eukaryotic initiation factor 5A (eIF5A), allowing the translation of polyproline-containing proteins. Here, we show that oncogenic Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) increases spermidine synthesis and eIF5A hypusination to enhance expression of polyproline-containing latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA) for viral episomal maintenance. KSHV upregulates intracellular spermidine levels by dysregulating polyamine metabolic pathways in three-dimensional (3D) culture and 2D de novo infection conditions. Increased intracellular spermidine leads to increased eIF5A hypusination, ultimately enhancing LANA expression. In contrast, inhibition of spermidine synthesis or eIF5A hypusination alleviates LANA expression, decreasing viral episomal maintenance and KSHV-infected cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo, which is reversed by spermidine supplement. This demonstrates that KSHV hijacks spermidine synthesis and eIF5A hypusination pathways to enhance LANA expression for viral episomal maintenance, suggesting polyamine metabolism and eIF5A hypusination as therapeutic targets for KSHV-induced tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Un Yung Choi
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
| | - Jae Jin Lee
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Angela Park
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Kyle L Jung
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Shin-Ae Lee
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Youn Jung Choi
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Hye-Ra Lee
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, College of Science and Technology, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Chih-Jen Lai
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Hyungjin Eoh
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Jae U Jung
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
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31
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Wu X, Xia T, Shin WJ, Yu KM, Jung W, Herrmann A, Foo SS, Chen W, Zhang P, Lee JS, Poo H, Comhair SAA, Jehi L, Choi YK, Ensser A, Jung JU. Viral Mimicry of Interleukin-17A by SARS-CoV-2 ORF8. mBio 2022; 13:e0040222. [PMID: 35343786 PMCID: PMC9040823 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00402-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection triggers cytokine-mediated inflammation, leading to a myriad of clinical presentations in COVID-19. The SARS-CoV-2 open reading frame 8 (ORF8) is a secreted and rapidly evolving glycoprotein. Patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 variants with ORF8 deleted are associated with mild disease outcomes, but the molecular mechanism behind this is unknown. Here, we report that SARS-CoV-2 ORF8 is a viral cytokine that is similar to but distinct from interleukin 17A (IL-17A) as it induces stronger and broader human IL-17 receptor (hIL-17R) signaling than IL-17A. ORF8 primarily targeted blood monocytes and induced the heterodimerization of hIL-17RA and hIL-17RC, triggering a robust inflammatory response. Transcriptome analysis revealed that besides its activation of the hIL-17R pathway, ORF8 upregulated gene expression for fibrosis signaling and coagulation dysregulation. A naturally occurring ORF8 L84S variant that was highly associated with mild COVID-19 showed reduced hIL-17RA binding and attenuated inflammatory responses. This study reveals how SARS-CoV-2 ORF8 by a viral mimicry of the IL-17 cytokine contributes to COVID-19 severe inflammation. IMPORTANCE Patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 variants lacking open reading frame 8 (ORF8) have been associated with milder infection and disease outcome, but the molecular mechanism behind how this viral accessory protein mediates disease pathogenesis is not yet known. In our study, we revealed that secreted ORF8 protein mimics host IL-17 to activate IL-17 receptors A and C (IL-17RA/C) and induces a significantly stronger inflammatory response than host IL-17A, providing molecular insights into the role of ORF8 in COVID-19 pathogenesis and serving as a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wu
- Cancer Biology Department, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Tian Xia
- Cancer Biology Department, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Woo-Jin Shin
- Cancer Biology Department, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Cleveland Clinic Florida Research & Innovation Center, Port St. Lucie, Florida, USA
| | - Kwang-Min Yu
- Center for Study of Emerging and Re-emerging Viruses, Korea Virus Research Institute, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Wooram Jung
- Cancer Biology Department, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Alexandra Herrmann
- Institute for Clinical and Molecular Virology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Suan-Sin Foo
- Cancer Biology Department, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Weiqiang Chen
- Cancer Biology Department, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Pengfei Zhang
- Cancer Biology Department, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Jong-Soo Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Haryoung Poo
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Suzy A. A. Comhair
- Respiratory Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Lara Jehi
- Department of Neurology, Epilepsy Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Young Ki Choi
- Center for Study of Emerging and Re-emerging Viruses, Korea Virus Research Institute, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Armin Ensser
- Institute for Clinical and Molecular Virology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jae U. Jung
- Cancer Biology Department, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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32
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Han SH, Goins CM, Arya T, Shin WJ, Maw J, Hooper A, Sonawane DP, Porter MR, Bannister BE, Crouch RD, Lindsey AA, Lakatos G, Martinez SR, Alvarado J, Akers WS, Wang NS, Jung JU, Macdonald JD, Stauffer SR. Structure-Based Optimization of ML300-Derived, Noncovalent Inhibitors Targeting the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 3CL Protease (SARS-CoV-2 3CL pro). J Med Chem 2022; 65:2880-2904. [PMID: 34347470 PMCID: PMC8353992 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Starting from the MLPCN probe compound ML300, a structure-based optimization campaign was initiated against the recent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) main protease (3CLpro). X-ray structures of SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro enzymes in complex with multiple ML300-based inhibitors, including the original probe ML300, were obtained and proved instrumental in guiding chemistry toward probe compound 41 (CCF0058981). The disclosed inhibitors utilize a noncovalent mode of action and complex in a noncanonical binding mode not observed by peptidic 3CLpro inhibitors. In vitro DMPK profiling highlights key areas where further optimization in the series is required to obtain useful in vivo probes. Antiviral activity was established using a SARS-CoV-2-infected Vero E6 cell viability assay and a plaque formation assay. Compound 41 demonstrates nanomolar activity in these respective assays, comparable in potency to remdesivir. These findings have implications for antiviral development to combat current and future SARS-like zoonotic coronavirus outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hoon Han
- Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Christopher M. Goins
- Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Tarun Arya
- Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Woo-Jin Shin
- Cleveland Clinic Florida Research & Innovation Center, Port St. Lucie, FL, 34987, USA
| | - Joshua Maw
- Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Alice Hooper
- Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Dhiraj P. Sonawane
- Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Matthew R. Porter
- Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Breyanne E. Bannister
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Lipscomb University College of Pharmacy, Nashville, TN, 37204, USA
| | - Rachel D. Crouch
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Lipscomb University College of Pharmacy, Nashville, TN, 37204, USA
| | - A. Abigail Lindsey
- Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Gabriella Lakatos
- Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Steven R. Martinez
- Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Joseph Alvarado
- Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Wendell S. Akers
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Lipscomb University College of Pharmacy, Nashville, TN, 37204, USA
| | - Nancy S. Wang
- Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Jae U. Jung
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
- Center for Global and Emerging Pathogens Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Jonathan D. Macdonald
- Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Shaun R. Stauffer
- Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
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33
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Kim YI, Yu KM, Koh JY, Kim EH, Kim SM, Kim EJ, Casel MAB, Rollon R, Jang SG, Song MS, Park SJ, Jeong HW, Kim EG, Lee OJ, Kim YD, Choi Y, Lee SA, Choi YJ, Park SH, Jung JU, Choi YK. Age-dependent pathogenic characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 infection in ferrets. Nat Commun 2022; 13:21. [PMID: 35013229 PMCID: PMC8748994 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27717-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
While the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in healthy people does not differ significantly among age groups, those aged 65 years or older exhibit strikingly higher COVID-19 mortality compared to younger individuals. To further understand differing COVID-19 manifestations in patients of different ages, three age groups of ferrets are infected with SARS-CoV-2. Although SARS-CoV-2 is isolated from all ferrets regardless of age, aged ferrets (≥3 years old) show higher viral loads, longer nasal virus shedding, and more severe lung inflammatory cell infiltration, and clinical symptoms compared to juvenile (≤6 months) and young adult (1–2 years) groups. Furthermore, direct contact ferrets co-housed with the virus-infected aged group shed more virus than direct-contact ferrets co-housed with virus-infected juvenile or young adult ferrets. Transcriptome analysis of aged ferret lungs reveals strong enrichment of gene sets related to type I interferon, activated T cells, and M1 macrophage responses, mimicking the gene expression profile of severe COVID-19 patients. Thus, SARS-CoV-2-infected aged ferrets highly recapitulate COVID-19 patients with severe symptoms and are useful for understanding age-associated infection, transmission, and pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2. Here, Kim et al. characterize SARS-CoV-2 infection in juvenile, young, and old aged ferrets to provide a further understanding of differences in COVID-19 severity in humans at different ages. Aged ferrets have higher viral loads, shed virus longer, and mimic the transcriptomic profile of severely infected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Il Kim
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea.,Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea.,Center for Study of Emerging and Re-emerging Viruses, Korea Virus Research Institute, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Min Yu
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea.,Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - June-Young Koh
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ha Kim
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea.,Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Se-Mi Kim
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea.,Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea.,Center for Study of Emerging and Re-emerging Viruses, Korea Virus Research Institute, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ji Kim
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea.,Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Mark Anthony B Casel
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea.,Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Rare Rollon
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Gyu Jang
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Suk Song
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea.,Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Su-Jin Park
- Division of Life Science, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Korea
| | - Hye Won Jeong
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Eung-Gook Kim
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ok-Jun Lee
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Dae Kim
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Younho Choi
- Cancer Biology Department and Global Center for Pathogens Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Shin-Ae Lee
- Cancer Biology Department and Global Center for Pathogens Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Youn Jung Choi
- Cancer Biology Department and Global Center for Pathogens Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Su-Hyung Park
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae U Jung
- Cancer Biology Department and Global Center for Pathogens Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Young Ki Choi
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea. .,Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea. .,Center for Study of Emerging and Re-emerging Viruses, Korea Virus Research Institute, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34126, Republic of Korea.
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34
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Kim YI, Kim SM, Park SJ, Kim EH, Yu KM, Chang JH, Kim EJ, Casel MAB, Rollon R, Jang SG, Um J, Song MS, Jeong HW, Kim EG, Kim Y, Kim SY, Park JS, Park MS, Kwon GY, Yeo SG, Lee SA, Choi YJ, Jung JU, Choi YK. Critical role of neutralizing antibody for SARS-CoV-2 reinfection and transmission. Emerg Microbes Infect 2021; 10:152-160. [PMID: 33407005 PMCID: PMC7832474 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2021.1872352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Cases of laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 reinfection have been reported in a number of countries. Further, the level of natural immunity induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection is not fully clear, nor is it clear if a primary infection is protective against reinfection. To investigate the potential association between serum antibody titres and reinfection of SARS-CoV-2, ferrets with different levels of NAb titres after primary SARS-CoV-2 infection were subjected to reinfection with a heterologous SARS-CoV-2 strain. All heterologous SARS-CoV-2 reinfected ferrets showed active virus replication in the upper respiratory and gastro-intestinal tracts. However, the high NAb titre group showed attenuated viral replication and rapid viral clearance. In addition, direct-contact transmission was observed only from reinfected ferrets with low NAb titres (<20), and not from other groups. Further, lung histopathology demonstrated the presence of limited inflammatory regions in the high NAb titre groups compared with control and low NAb groups. This study demonstrates a close correlation between a low NAb titre and SARS-CoV-2 reinfection in a recovered ferret reinfection model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Il Kim
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Se-Mi Kim
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Su-Jin Park
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
- Division of Life Science and Research Institute of Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Eun-Ha Kim
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Kwang-Min Yu
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Jae-Hyung Chang
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ji Kim
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Mark Anthony B. Casel
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Rare Rollon
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Gyu Jang
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihye Um
- Research institute of Public Health, National Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Suk Song
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Hye Won Jeong
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Eung-Gook Kim
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonjae Kim
- Research institute of Public Health, National Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - So Yeon Kim
- Research institute of Public Health, National Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Sun Park
- Research institute of Public Health, National Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Sun Park
- Div. of Public Health Research, Sejong Institute of Health & Environment, Sejong City, Republic of Korea
| | - Geun-Yong Kwon
- Sejong Public Health Center, Sejong City, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Gu Yeo
- Div. of Public Health Research, Sejong Institute of Health & Environment, Sejong City, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin-Ae Lee
- Department of Cancer Biology and Center for Global and Emerging Pathogen Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Youn Jung Choi
- Department of Cancer Biology and Center for Global and Emerging Pathogen Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jae U. Jung
- Department of Cancer Biology and Center for Global and Emerging Pathogen Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Young Ki Choi
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
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35
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Foo SS, Cambou MC, Mok T, Fajardo VM, Jung KL, Fuller T, Chen W, Kerin T, Mei J, Bhattacharya D, Choi Y, Wu X, Xia T, Shin WJ, Cranston J, Aldrovandi G, Tobin N, Contreras D, Ibarrondo FJ, Yang O, Yang S, Garner O, Cortado R, Bryson Y, Janzen C, Ghosh S, Devaskar S, Asilnejad B, Moreira ME, Vasconcelos Z, Soni PR, Gibson LC, Brasil P, Comhair SA, Arumugaswami V, Erzurum SC, Rao R, Jung JU, Nielsen-Saines K. The systemic inflammatory landscape of COVID-19 in pregnancy: Extensive serum proteomic profiling of mother-infant dyads with in utero SARS-CoV-2. Cell Rep Med 2021; 2:100453. [PMID: 34723226 PMCID: PMC8549189 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
While pregnancy increases the risk for severe COVID-19, the clinical and immunological implications of COVID-19 on maternal-fetal health remain unknown. Here, we present the clinical and immunological landscapes of 93 COVID-19 mothers and 45 of their SARS-CoV-2-exposed infants through comprehensive serum proteomics profiling for >1,400 cytokines of their peripheral and cord blood specimens. Prenatal SARS-CoV-2 infection triggers NF-κB-dependent proinflammatory immune activation. Pregnant women with severe COVID-19 show increased inflammation and unique IFN-λ antiviral signaling, with elevated levels of IFNL1 and IFNLR1. Furthermore, SARS-CoV-2 infection re-shapes maternal immunity at delivery, altering the expression of pregnancy complication-associated cytokines, inducing MMP7, MDK, and ESM1 and reducing BGN and CD209. Finally, COVID-19-exposed infants exhibit induction of T cell-associated cytokines (IL33, NFATC3, and CCL21), while some undergo IL-1β/IL-18/CASP1 axis-driven neonatal respiratory distress despite birth at term. Our findings demonstrate COVID-19-induced immune rewiring in both mothers and neonates, warranting long-term clinical follow-up to mitigate potential health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suan-Sin Foo
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Mary Catherine Cambou
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Thalia Mok
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Viviana M. Fajardo
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Kyle L. Jung
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Trevon Fuller
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil
| | - Weiqiang Chen
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Tara Kerin
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jenny Mei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Debika Bhattacharya
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Younho Choi
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Xin Wu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Tian Xia
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Woo-Jin Shin
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Jessica Cranston
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Grace Aldrovandi
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Nicole Tobin
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Deisy Contreras
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Francisco J. Ibarrondo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Otto Yang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Shangxin Yang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Omai Garner
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Ruth Cortado
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Yvonne Bryson
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Carla Janzen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Shubhamoy Ghosh
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Sherin Devaskar
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Brenda Asilnejad
- Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC 20007, USA
| | | | - Zilton Vasconcelos
- Instituto Fernades Figueira, Fiocruz, Flamengo, Rio de Janeiro 20140-360, Brazil
| | - Priya R. Soni
- Department of Pediatrics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90049, USA
| | - L. Caroline Gibson
- Department of Pediatrics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90049, USA
| | - Patricia Brasil
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil
| | - Suzy A.A. Comhair
- Respiratory Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Vaithilingaraja Arumugaswami
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Serpil C. Erzurum
- Respiratory Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Rashmi Rao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jae U. Jung
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA,Corresponding author
| | - Karin Nielsen-Saines
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA,Corresponding author
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36
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Chen W, Foo SS, Hong E, Wu C, Lee WS, Lee SA, Evseenko D, Lopes Moreira ME, García-Sastre A, Cheng G, Nielsen-Saines K, Brasil P, Avvad-Portari E, Jung JU. Zika virus NS3 protease induces bone morphogenetic protein-dependent brain calcification in human fetuses. Nat Microbiol 2021; 6:455-466. [PMID: 33510473 PMCID: PMC8012254 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-020-00850-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The most frequent fetal birth defect associated with prenatal Zika virus (ZIKV) infection is brain calcification, which in turn may potentially affect neurological development in infants. Understanding the mechanism could inform the development of potential therapies against prenatal ZIKV brain calcification. In perivascular cells, bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) is an osteogenic factor that undergoes maturation to activate osteogenesis and calcification. Here, we show that ZIKV infection of cultivated primary human brain pericytes triggers BMP2 maturation, leading to osteogenic gene expression and calcification. We observed extensive calcification near ZIKV+ pericytes of fetal human brain specimens and in vertically transmitted ZIKV+ human signal transducer and activator of transcription 2-knockin mouse pup brains. ZIKV infection of primary pericytes stimulated BMP2 maturation, inducing osteogenic gene expression and calcification that were completely blocked by anti-BMP2/4 neutralizing antibody. Not only did ZIKV NS3 expression alone induce BMP2 maturation, osteogenic gene expression and calcification, but purified NS3 protease also effectively cleaved pro-BMP2 in vitro to generate biologically active mature BMP2. These findings highlight ZIKV-induced calcification where the NS3 protease subverts the BMP2-mediated osteogenic signalling pathway to trigger brain calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqiang Chen
- Department of Cancer Biology and Global Center for Pathogens Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Suan-Sin Foo
- Department of Cancer Biology and Global Center for Pathogens Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Eunjin Hong
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Christine Wu
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Wai-Suet Lee
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Shin-Ae Lee
- Department of Cancer Biology and Global Center for Pathogens Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Denis Evseenko
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Maria Elisabeth Lopes Moreira
- Clinical Research Unit, Fernandes Figueira Institute-FioCruz, Avenida Rui Barbosa, 716, Flamengo, Rio De Janeiro, RJ CEP 22250-020, Brazil
| | - Adolfo García-Sastre
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA;,Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA;,Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA;,The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Genhong Cheng
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Marion Davies Children’s Health Center, 10833 LeConte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Karin Nielsen-Saines
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Marion Davies Children’s Health Center, 10833 LeConte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Patrícia Brasil
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em Doenças Febris Agudas, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, FioCruz, 4365 Avenida Brasil, Rio de Janeiro – RJ, 21040-360, Brazil
| | - Elyzabeth Avvad-Portari
- Department of Pathology, Fernandes Figueira Institute-FioCruz, Avenida Rui Barbosa, 716, Flamengo, Rio De Janeiro, RJ CEP 22250-020, Brazil
| | - Jae U. Jung
- Department of Cancer Biology and Global Center for Pathogens Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA;,Correspondence: (Jae U. Jung, PhD)
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37
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Kim YI, Yu KM, Koh JY, Kim EH, Kim SM, Kim EJ, Casel MA, Rollon R, Jang SG, Song MS, Park SJ, Jeong HW, Kim EG, Lee OJ, Choi Y, Lee SA, Park SH, Jung JU, Choi YK. Age-dependent pathogenic characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 infection in ferrets. Res Sq 2021:rs.3.rs-131380. [PMID: 33821260 PMCID: PMC8020987 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-131380/v2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
While the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in healthy people does not differ significantly among age groups, those aged 65 years or older exhibit strikingly higher COVID-19 mortality compared to younger individuals. To further understand differing COVID-19 manifestations in patients of different ages, three age groups of ferrets were infected with SARS-CoV-2. Although SARS-CoV-2 was isolated from all ferrets regardless of age, aged ferrets (≥ 3 years old) showed higher viral loads, longer nasal virus shedding, and more severe lung inflammatory cell infiltration and clinical symptoms compared to juvenile (≤ 6 months) and young adult (1-2 years) groups. Transcriptome analysis of aged ferret lungs revealed strong enrichment of gene sets related to type I interferon, activated T cells, and M1 macrophage responses, mimicking the gene expression profile of severe COVID-19 patients. Thus, SARS-CoV-2-infected aged ferrets highly recapitulate COVID-19 patients with severe symptoms and are useful for understanding age-associated infection, transmission, and pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Il Kim
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University
| | | | - June-Young Koh
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
| | | | | | - Eun Ji Kim
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University
| | - Mark Anthony Casel
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University
| | - Rare Rollon
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University
| | - Seung-Gyu Jang
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University
| | | | - Su-Jin Park
- Division of Applied Life Science and Research Institute of Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University
| | - Hye Won Jeong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jae U Jung
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic
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38
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Lee J, Robinson ME, Ma N, Artadji D, Ahmed MA, Xiao G, Sadras T, Deb G, Winchester J, Cosgun KN, Geng H, Chan LN, Kume K, Miettinen TP, Zhang Y, Nix MA, Klemm L, Chen CW, Chen J, Khairnar V, Wiita AP, Thomas-Tikhonenko A, Farzan M, Jung JU, Weinstock DM, Manalis SR, Diamond MS, Vaidehi N, Müschen M. Author Correction: IFITM3 functions as a PIP3 scaffold to amplify PI3K signalling in B cells. Nature 2021; 592:E3. [PMID: 33712811 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03388-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jaewoong Lee
- Center of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Mark E Robinson
- Center of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Ning Ma
- Department of Computational and Quantitative Medicine, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Dewan Artadji
- Center of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Mohamed A Ahmed
- Department of Systems Biology, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Gang Xiao
- Department of Systems Biology, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Teresa Sadras
- Center of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Gauri Deb
- Department of Systems Biology, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Janet Winchester
- Department of Systems Biology, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Kadriye Nehir Cosgun
- Center of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Huimin Geng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Lai N Chan
- Center of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Kohei Kume
- Center of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Teemu P Miettinen
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Medical Research Council Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Ye Zhang
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Matthew A Nix
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Lars Klemm
- Center of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Chun Wei Chen
- Department of Systems Biology, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Jianjun Chen
- Department of Systems Biology, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Vishal Khairnar
- Department of Systems Biology, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Arun P Wiita
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Andrei Thomas-Tikhonenko
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michael Farzan
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Jae U Jung
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - David M Weinstock
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Scott R Manalis
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Michael S Diamond
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Nagarajan Vaidehi
- Department of Computational and Quantitative Medicine, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Markus Müschen
- Center of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA. .,Department of Immunobiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
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39
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Kim YI, Kim D, Yu KM, Seo HD, Lee SA, Casel MAB, Jang SG, Kim S, Jung W, Lai CJ, Choi YK, Jung JU. Development of spike receptor-binding domain nanoparticle as a vaccine candidate against SARS-CoV-2 infection in ferrets. bioRxiv 2021:2021.01.28.428743. [PMID: 33532767 PMCID: PMC7852231 DOI: 10.1101/2021.01.28.428743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a causative agent of COVID-19 pandemic, enters host cells via the interaction of its Receptor-Binding Domain (RBD) of Spike protein with host Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2). Therefore, RBD is a promising vaccine target to induce protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this study, we report the development of RBD protein-based vaccine candidate against SARS-CoV-2 using self-assembling H. pylori -bullfrog ferritin nanoparticles as an antigen delivery. RBD-ferritin protein purified from mammalian cells efficiently assembled into 24-mer nanoparticles. 16-20 months-old ferrets were vaccinated with RBD-ferritin nanoparticles (RBD-nanoparticles) by intramuscular or intranasal inoculation. All vaccinated ferrets with RBD-nanoparticles produced potent neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. Strikingly, vaccinated ferrets demonstrated efficient protection from SARS-CoV-2 challenge, showing no fever, body weight loss and clinical symptoms. Furthermore, vaccinated ferrets showed rapid clearance of infectious viruses in nasal washes and lungs as well as viral RNA in respiratory organs. This study demonstrates the Spike RBD-nanoparticle as an effective protein vaccine candidate against SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Il Kim
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Zoonotic Infectious Disease Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Dokyun Kim
- Department of Cancer Biology and Global Center for Pathogens Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Kwang-Min Yu
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Zoonotic Infectious Disease Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hogyu David Seo
- Department of Cancer Biology and Global Center for Pathogens Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Shin-Ae Lee
- Department of Cancer Biology and Global Center for Pathogens Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Mark Anthony B. Casel
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Zoonotic Infectious Disease Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Gyu Jang
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Zoonotic Infectious Disease Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Stephanie Kim
- Department of Cancer Biology and Global Center for Pathogens Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - WooRam Jung
- Department of Cancer Biology and Global Center for Pathogens Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Chih-Jen Lai
- Department of Cancer Biology and Global Center for Pathogens Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Young Ki Choi
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Zoonotic Infectious Disease Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae U. Jung
- Department of Cancer Biology and Global Center for Pathogens Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
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40
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Lee J, Robinson ME, Ma N, Artadji D, Ahmed MA, Xiao G, Sadras T, Deb G, Winchester J, Cosgun KN, Geng H, Chan LN, Kume K, Miettinen TP, Zhang Y, Nix MA, Klemm L, Chen CW, Chen J, Khairnar V, Wiita AP, Thomas-Tikhonenko A, Farzan M, Jung JU, Weinstock DM, Manalis SR, Diamond MS, Vaidehi N, Müschen M. IFITM3 functions as a PIP3 scaffold to amplify PI3K signalling in B cells. Nature 2020; 588:491-497. [PMID: 33149299 PMCID: PMC8087162 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2884-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Interferon-induced transmembrane protein 3 (IFITM3) has previously been identified as an endosomal protein that blocks viral infection1-3. Here we studied clinical cohorts of patients with B cell leukaemia and lymphoma, and identified IFITM3 as a strong predictor of poor outcome. In normal resting B cells, IFITM3 was minimally expressed and mainly localized in endosomes. However, engagement of the B cell receptor (BCR) induced both expression of IFITM3 and phosphorylation of this protein at Tyr20, which resulted in the accumulation of IFITM3 at the cell surface. In B cell leukaemia, oncogenic kinases phosphorylate IFITM3 at Tyr20, which causes constitutive localization of this protein at the plasma membrane. In a mouse model, Ifitm3-/- naive B cells developed in normal numbers; however, the formation of germinal centres and the production of antigen-specific antibodies were compromised. Oncogenes that induce the development of leukaemia and lymphoma did not transform Ifitm3-/- B cells. Conversely, the phosphomimetic IFITM3(Y20E) mutant induced oncogenic PI3K signalling and initiated the transformation of premalignant B cells. Mechanistic experiments revealed that IFITM3 functions as a PIP3 scaffold and central amplifier of PI3K signalling. The amplification of PI3K signals depends on IFITM3 using two lysine residues (Lys83 and Lys104) in its conserved intracellular loop as a scaffold for the accumulation of PIP3. In Ifitm3-/- B cells, lipid rafts were depleted of PIP3, which resulted in the defective expression of over 60 lipid-raft-associated surface receptors, and impaired BCR signalling and cellular adhesion. We conclude that the phosphorylation of IFITM3 that occurs after B cells encounter antigen induces a dynamic switch from antiviral effector functions in endosomes to a PI3K amplification loop at the cell surface. IFITM3-dependent amplification of PI3K signalling, which in part acts downstream of the BCR, is critical for the rapid expansion of B cells with high affinity to antigen. In addition, multiple oncogenes depend on IFITM3 to assemble PIP3-dependent signalling complexes and amplify PI3K signalling for malignant transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaewoong Lee
- Center of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Mark E Robinson
- Center of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Ning Ma
- Department of Computational and Quantitative Medicine, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Dewan Artadji
- Center of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Mohamed A Ahmed
- Department of Systems Biology, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Gang Xiao
- Department of Systems Biology, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Teresa Sadras
- Center of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Gauri Deb
- Department of Systems Biology, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Janet Winchester
- Department of Systems Biology, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Kadriye Nehir Cosgun
- Center of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Huimin Geng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Lai N Chan
- Center of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Kohei Kume
- Center of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Teemu P Miettinen
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Medical Research Council Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Ye Zhang
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Matthew A Nix
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Lars Klemm
- Center of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Chun Wei Chen
- Department of Systems Biology, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Jianjun Chen
- Department of Systems Biology, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Vishal Khairnar
- Department of Systems Biology, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Arun P Wiita
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Andrei Thomas-Tikhonenko
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michael Farzan
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Jae U Jung
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - David M Weinstock
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Scott R Manalis
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Michael S Diamond
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Nagarajan Vaidehi
- Department of Computational and Quantitative Medicine, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Markus Müschen
- Center of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA. .,Department of Immunobiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
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41
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Zhou Y, Hou Y, Shen J, Mehra R, Kallianpur A, Culver DA, Gack MU, Farha S, Zein J, Comhair S, Fiocchi C, Stappenbeck T, Chan T, Eng C, Jung JU, Jehi L, Erzurum S, Cheng F. A network medicine approach to investigation and population-based validation of disease manifestations and drug repurposing for COVID-19. PLoS Biol 2020; 18:e3000970. [PMID: 33156843 PMCID: PMC7728249 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has led to unprecedented social and economic consequences. The risk of morbidity and mortality due to COVID-19 increases dramatically in the presence of coexisting medical conditions, while the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Furthermore, there are no approved therapies for COVID-19. This study aims to identify SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis, disease manifestations, and COVID-19 therapies using network medicine methodologies along with clinical and multi-omics observations. We incorporate SARS-CoV-2 virus-host protein-protein interactions, transcriptomics, and proteomics into the human interactome. Network proximity measurement revealed underlying pathogenesis for broad COVID-19-associated disease manifestations. Analyses of single-cell RNA sequencing data show that co-expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 is elevated in absorptive enterocytes from the inflamed ileal tissues of Crohn disease patients compared to uninflamed tissues, revealing shared pathobiology between COVID-19 and inflammatory bowel disease. Integrative analyses of metabolomics and transcriptomics (bulk and single-cell) data from asthma patients indicate that COVID-19 shares an intermediate inflammatory molecular profile with asthma (including IRAK3 and ADRB2). To prioritize potential treatments, we combined network-based prediction and a propensity score (PS) matching observational study of 26,779 individuals from a COVID-19 registry. We identified that melatonin usage (odds ratio [OR] = 0.72, 95% CI 0.56-0.91) is significantly associated with a 28% reduced likelihood of a positive laboratory test result for SARS-CoV-2 confirmed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assay. Using a PS matching user active comparator design, we determined that melatonin usage was associated with a reduced likelihood of SARS-CoV-2 positive test result compared to use of angiotensin II receptor blockers (OR = 0.70, 95% CI 0.54-0.92) or angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (OR = 0.69, 95% CI 0.52-0.90). Importantly, melatonin usage (OR = 0.48, 95% CI 0.31-0.75) is associated with a 52% reduced likelihood of a positive laboratory test result for SARS-CoV-2 in African Americans after adjusting for age, sex, race, smoking history, and various disease comorbidities using PS matching. In summary, this study presents an integrative network medicine platform for predicting disease manifestations associated with COVID-19 and identifying melatonin for potential prevention and treatment of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadi Zhou
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Yuan Hou
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Jiayu Shen
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Reena Mehra
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Asha Kallianpur
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Daniel A. Culver
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Michaela U. Gack
- Florida Research and Innovation Center, Cleveland Clinic, Port Saint Lucie, Florida, United States of America
| | - Samar Farha
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Joe Zein
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Suzy Comhair
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Claudio Fiocchi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Thaddeus Stappenbeck
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Timothy Chan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Charis Eng
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Jae U. Jung
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Lara Jehi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Serpil Erzurum
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Feixiong Cheng
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
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42
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Chathuranga K, Kim TH, Lee H, Park JS, Kim JH, Chathuranga WAG, Ekanayaka P, Choi YJ, Lee CH, Kim CJ, Jung JU, Lee JS. Negative regulation of NEMO signaling by the ubiquitin E3 ligase MARCH2. EMBO J 2020; 39:e105139. [PMID: 32935379 PMCID: PMC7604578 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2020105139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
NF‐κB essential modulator (NEMO) is a key regulatory protein that functions during NF‐κB‐ and interferon‐mediated signaling in response to extracellular stimuli and pathogen infections. Tight regulation of NEMO is essential for host innate immune responses and for maintenance of homeostasis. Here, we report that the E3 ligase MARCH2 is a novel negative regulator of NEMO‐mediated signaling upon bacterial or viral infection. MARCH2 interacted directly with NEMO during the late phase of infection and catalyzed K‐48‐linked ubiquitination of Lys326 on NEMO, which resulted in its degradation. Deletion of MARCH2 resulted in marked resistance to bacterial/viral infection, along with increased innate immune responses both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, MARCH2−/− mice were more susceptible to LPS challenge due to massive production of cytokines. Taken together, these findings provide new insight into the molecular regulation of NEMO and suggest an important role for MARCH2 in homeostatic control of innate immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tae-Hwan Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea.,Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hyuncheol Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea.,California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Jun-Seol Park
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jae-Hoon Kim
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Korea
| | | | - Pathum Ekanayaka
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Youn Jung Choi
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Chul-Ho Lee
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Korea
| | - Chul-Joong Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jae U Jung
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jong-Soo Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
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43
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Park A, Oh S, Jung KL, Choi UY, Lee HR, Rosenfeld MG, Jung JU. Global epigenomic analysis of KSHV-infected primary effusion lymphoma identifies functional MYC superenhancers and enhancer RNAs. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:21618-21627. [PMID: 32817485 PMCID: PMC7474655 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1922216117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Enhancers play indispensable roles in cell proliferation and survival through spatiotemporally regulating gene transcription. Active enhancers and superenhancers often produce noncoding enhancer RNAs (eRNAs) that precisely control RNA polymerase II activity. Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is a human oncogenic gamma-2 herpesvirus that causes Kaposi's sarcoma and primary effusion lymphoma (PEL). It is well characterized that KSHV utilizes host epigenetic machineries to control the switch between two lifecycles, latency and lytic replication. However, how KSHV impacts host epigenome at different stages of viral lifecycle is not well understood. Using global run-on sequencing (GRO-seq) and chromatin-immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq), we profiled the dynamics of host transcriptional regulatory elements during latency and lytic replication of KSHV-infected PEL cells. This revealed that a number of critical host genes for KSHV latency, including MYC proto-oncogene, were under the control of superenhancers whose activities were globally repressed upon viral reactivation. The eRNA-expressing MYC superenhancers were located downstream of the MYC gene in KSHV-infected PELs and played a key role in MYC expression. RNAi-mediated depletion or dCas9-KRAB CRISPR inhibition of eRNA expression significantly reduced MYC mRNA level in PELs, as did the treatment of an epigenomic drug that globally blocks superenhancer function. Finally, while cellular IRF4 acted upon eRNA expression and superenhancer function for MYC expression during latency, KSHV viral IRF4 repressed cellular IRF4 expression, decreasing MYC expression and thereby, facilitating lytic replication. These results indicate that KSHV acts as an epigenomic driver that modifies host epigenomic status upon reactivation by effectively regulating host enhancer function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Park
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033
| | - Soohwan Oh
- Graduate Program of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
- HHMI, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Kyle L Jung
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033
| | - Un Yung Choi
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033
| | - Hye-Ra Lee
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, College of Science and Technology, Korea University, 30019 Sejong, South Korea
| | - Michael G Rosenfeld
- HHMI, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093;
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Jae U Jung
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033;
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44
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Zhao Z, Shang Z, Vasconcelos Z, Li C, Jiang Y, Zu S, Zhang J, Wang F, Yao L, Jung JU, Brasil P, Moreira ME, Qin C, Kerin T, Nielsen‐Saines K, Cheng G, Zhang X, Xu Z. Zika Virus Infection Leads to Variable Defects in Multiple Neurological Functions and Behaviors in Mice and Children. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2020; 7:1901996. [PMID: 32999822 PMCID: PMC7509663 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201901996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) has evolved into a global health threat because of its causal link to congenital Zika syndrome. ZIKV infection of pregnant women may cause a spectrum of abnormalities in children. In the studies in Brazil, a large cohort of children with perinatal exposure to ZIKV is followed, and a spectrum of neurodevelopmental abnormalities is identified. In parallel, it is demonstrated that infection of the mouse neonatal brain by a contemporary ZIKV strain instead of an Asian ancestral strain can cause microcephaly and various abnormal neurological functions. These include defects in social interaction and depression, impaired learning and memory, in addition to severe motor defects, which are present in adult mice as well as in the prospective cohort of children. Importantly, although mouse brains infected later after birth do not have apparent abnormal brain structure, those mice still show significant impairments of visual cortical functions, circuit organization, and experience-dependent plasticity. Thus, the study suggests that special attention should be paid to all children born to ZIKV infected mothers for screening of abnormal behaviors and sensory function during childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental BiologyCAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence TechnologySchool of Future TechnologyInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
| | - Ziwei Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience & LearningIDG/McGovern Institute for Brain ResearchBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing100875China
| | - Zilton Vasconcelos
- Instituto Fernandes FigueiraFundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ)Rio de JaneiroRJ 22250‐020Brazil
| | - Chunfeng Li
- Institute for ImmunityTransplantation, and InfectionStanford UniversityStanfordCA94305USA
| | - Yisheng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental BiologyCAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence TechnologySchool of Future TechnologyInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
| | - Shulong Zu
- Center for Systems MedicineInstitute of Basic Medical SciencesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100005China
- Suzhou Institute of Systems MedicineSuzhouJiangsu215123China
| | - Jingyi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience & LearningIDG/McGovern Institute for Brain ResearchBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing100875China
| | - Fengchao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience & LearningIDG/McGovern Institute for Brain ResearchBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing100875China
| | - Li Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience & LearningIDG/McGovern Institute for Brain ResearchBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing100875China
| | - Jae U. Jung
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology and Division of Maternal‐Fetal MedicineDepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyKeck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaZilkha Neurogenetic InstituteLos AngelesCA90033USA
| | - Patricia Brasil
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em Doenças Febris AgudasInstituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro ChagasFondação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ)Rio de JaneiroRJ 21040‐360Brazil
| | | | - Cheng‐Feng Qin
- Department of VirologyState Key Laboratory of Pathogen and BiosecurityBeijing Institute of Microbiology and EpidemiologyBeijing100071China
| | - Tara Kerin
- Division of Pediatric Infectious DiseasesDavid Geffen School of MedicineUCLAMattel Children's HospitalLos AngelesCA90095USA
| | - Karin Nielsen‐Saines
- Division of Pediatric Infectious DiseasesDavid Geffen School of MedicineUCLAMattel Children's HospitalLos AngelesCA90095USA
| | - Genhong Cheng
- Center for Systems MedicineInstitute of Basic Medical SciencesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100005China
- Suzhou Institute of Systems MedicineSuzhouJiangsu215123China
- Department of MicrobiologyImmunology and Molecular GeneticsUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90095USA
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience & LearningIDG/McGovern Institute for Brain ResearchBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing100875China
| | - Zhiheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental BiologyCAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence TechnologySchool of Future TechnologyInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
- Parkinson's Disease CenterBeijing Institute for Brain DisordersBeijing100101China
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45
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Zhou Y, Hou Y, Shen J, Kallianpur A, Zein J, Culver DA, Farha S, Comhair S, Fiocchi C, Gack MU, Mehra R, Stappenbeck T, Chan T, Eng C, Jung JU, Jehi L, Erzurum S, Cheng F. A Network Medicine Approach to Investigation and Population-based Validation of Disease Manifestations and Drug Repurposing for COVID-19. ChemRxiv 2020:12579137. [PMID: 32676577 PMCID: PMC7350981 DOI: 10.26434/chemrxiv.12579137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
The global Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has led to unprecedented social and economic consequences. The risk of morbidity and mortality due to COVID-19 increases dramatically in the presence of co-existing medical conditions while the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Furthermore, there are no proven effective therapies for COVID-19. This study aims to identify SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis, diseases manifestations, and COVID-19 therapies using network medicine methodologies along with clinical and multi-omics observations. We incorporate SARS-CoV-2 virus-host protein-protein interactions, transcriptomics, and proteomics into the human interactome. Network proximity measure revealed underlying pathogenesis for broad COVID-19-associated manifestations. Multi-modal analyses of single-cell RNA-sequencing data showed that co-expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 was elevated in absorptive enterocytes from the inflamed ileal tissues of Crohn's disease patients compared to uninflamed tissues, revealing shared pathobiology by COVID-19 and inflammatory bowel disease. Integrative analyses of metabolomics and transcriptomics (bulk and single-cell) data from asthma patients indicated that COVID-19 shared intermediate inflammatory endophenotypes with asthma (including IRAK3 and ADRB2). To prioritize potential treatment, we combined network-based prediction and propensity score (PS) matching observational study of 18,118 patients from a COVID-19 registry. We identified that melatonin (odds ratio (OR) = 0.36, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.22-0.59) was associated with 64% reduced likelihood of a positive laboratory test result for SARS-CoV-2. Using PS-matching user active comparator design, melatonin was associated with 54% reduced likelihood of SARS-CoV-2 positive test result compared to angiotensin II receptor blockers or angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (OR = 0.46, 95% CI 0.24-0.86).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadi Zhou
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Yuan Hou
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Jiayu Shen
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Asha Kallianpur
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Joe Zein
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Daniel A. Culver
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Samar Farha
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Suzy Comhair
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Claudio Fiocchi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Michaela U. Gack
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Reena Mehra
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Thaddeus Stappenbeck
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Timothy Chan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Charis Eng
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Jae U. Jung
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Lara Jehi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Serpil Erzurum
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Feixiong Cheng
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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46
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Kim JH, Yoon JE, Nikapitiya C, Kim TH, Uddin MB, Lee HC, Kim YH, Hwang JH, Chathuranga K, Chathuranga WAG, Choi HS, Kim CJ, Jung JU, Lee CH, Lee JS. Small Heterodimer Partner Controls the Virus-Mediated Antiviral Immune Response by Targeting CREB-Binding Protein in the Nucleus. Cell Rep 2020; 27:2105-2118.e5. [PMID: 31091449 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.04.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Small heterodimer partner (SHP) is an orphan nuclear receptor that acts as a transcriptional co-repressor by interacting with nuclear receptors and transcription factors. Although SHP plays a negative regulatory function in various signaling pathways, its role in virus infection has not been studied. Here, we report that SHP is a potent negative regulator of the virus-mediated type I IFN signaling that maintains homeostasis within the antiviral innate immune system. Upon virus infection, SHP interacts specifically with CREB-binding protein (CBP) in the nucleus, thereby obstructing CBP/β-catenin interaction competitively. Consequently, SHP-deficient cells enhance antiviral responses, including transcription of the type I IFN gene, upon virus infection. Furthermore, SHP-deficient mice show higher levels of IFN production and are more resistant to influenza A virus infection. Our results suggest that SHP is a nuclear regulator that blocks transcription of the type I IFN gene to inhibit excessive innate immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Hoon Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Eun Yoon
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chamilani Nikapitiya
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Hwan Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Bashir Uddin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Faculty of Veterinary & Animal Science, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100, Bangladesh
| | - Hyun-Cheol Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Hoon Kim
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hwan Hwang
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kiramage Chathuranga
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - W A Gayan Chathuranga
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hueng-Sik Choi
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Nuclear Receptor Signals and Hormone Research Center, School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Joong Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae U Jung
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Chul-Ho Lee
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong-Soo Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
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47
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Kim YI, Kim SG, Kim SM, Kim EH, Park SJ, Yu KM, Chang JH, Kim EJ, Lee S, Casel MAB, Um J, Song MS, Jeong HW, Lai VD, Kim Y, Chin BS, Park JS, Chung KH, Foo SS, Poo H, Mo IP, Lee OJ, Webby RJ, Jung JU, Choi YK. Infection and Rapid Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Ferrets. Cell Host Microbe 2020; 27:704-709.e2. [PMID: 32259477 PMCID: PMC7144857 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2020.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 673] [Impact Index Per Article: 168.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in China and rapidly spread worldwide. To prevent SARS-CoV-2 dissemination, understanding the in vivo characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 is a high priority. We report a ferret model of SARS-CoV-2 infection and transmission that recapitulates aspects of human disease. SARS-CoV-2-infected ferrets exhibit elevated body temperatures and virus replication. Although fatalities were not observed, SARS-CoV-2-infected ferrets shed virus in nasal washes, saliva, urine, and feces up to 8 days post-infection. At 2 days post-contact, SARS-CoV-2 was detected in all naive direct contact ferrets. Furthermore, a few naive indirect contact ferrets were positive for viral RNA, suggesting airborne transmission. Viral antigens were detected in nasal turbinate, trachea, lungs, and intestine with acute bronchiolitis present in infected lungs. Thus, ferrets represent an infection and transmission animal model of COVID-19 that may facilitate development of SARS-CoV-2 therapeutics and vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Il Kim
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea; Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Gyu Kim
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Mi Kim
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ha Kim
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea; Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Jin Park
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea; Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Min Yu
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea; Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hyung Chang
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ji Kim
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghun Lee
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Mark Anthony B Casel
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea; Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihye Um
- Research institute of Public Health, National Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Suk Song
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea; Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Won Jeong
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Van Dam Lai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonjae Kim
- Research institute of Public Health, National Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bum Sik Chin
- Research institute of Public Health, National Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Sun Park
- Research institute of Public Health, National Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Hyun Chung
- Research institute of Public Health, National Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Suan-Sin Foo
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Haryoung Poo
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Pil Mo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ok-Jun Lee
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Richard J Webby
- Division of Virology, Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Jae U Jung
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
| | - Young Ki Choi
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea; Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea.
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48
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Li W, Wang Q, Qi X, Guo Y, Lu H, Chen Y, Lu Z, Yan Q, Zhu X, Jung JU, Tosato G, Gao SJ, Lu C. Viral interleukin-6 encoded by an oncogenic virus promotes angiogenesis and cellular transformation by enhancing STAT3-mediated epigenetic silencing of caveolin 1. Oncogene 2020; 39:4603-4618. [PMID: 32393833 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-1317-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) caused by oncogenic Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is a highly angiogenic and invasive vascular tumor and the most common AIDS-associated cancer. KSHV-encoded viral interleukin-6 (vIL-6) is implicated in the development of KSHV-induced malignancies; however, the mechanisms underlying vIL-6-induced angiogenesis and tumorigenesis remain undefined. Here, we show that vIL-6 promotes angiogenesis, cell proliferation, and invasion by downregulating caveolin 1 (CAV1) that plays a pivotal and versatile role in multiple cancer-associated processes. Mechanistically, vIL-6 signaling led to the phosphorylation and acetylation of STAT3 that targeted DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) in a sequential manner. Specifically, the vIL-6-induced phosphorylated form of STAT3 transcriptionally activated DNMT1 expression. Furthermore, vIL-6-induced acetylated form of STAT3 interacted with DNMT1 to form a transcription factor complex that bound to and methylated the CAV1 promoter, leading to CAV1 expression silencing. In fact, downregulation of CAV1 expression resulted in the activation of AKT signaling, promoting cell invasion, and growth transformation induced by KSHV. Finally, genetic deletion of vIL-6 from the KSHV genome abolished KSHV-induced cellular transformation and impaired angiogenesis. Our results reveal that vIL-6 epigenetically silences CAV1 expression to promote angiogenesis and tumorigenesis by regulating the formation of STAT3-DNMT1 complex. These novel findings define a mechanism by which KSHV inhibits the CAV1 pathway and establish the scientific basis for targeting this pathway to treat KSHV-associated cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Li
- Department of Microbiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, PR China.,Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, PR China
| | - Qingxia Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, PR China
| | - Xiaoyu Qi
- Department of Microbiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Guo
- The College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Hongmei Lu
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210036, PR China
| | - Yuheng Chen
- Department of Microbiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, PR China
| | - Zhongmou Lu
- Department of Microbiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, PR China
| | - Qin Yan
- Department of Microbiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, PR China
| | - Xiaofei Zhu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, PR China.
| | - Jae U Jung
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Giovanna Tosato
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1906, USA
| | - Shou-Jiang Gao
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, USA
| | - Chun Lu
- Department of Microbiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, PR China. .,Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, PR China. .,Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, PR China.
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49
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Kwak JE, Kim YI, Park SJ, Jeong M, Maslow JN, Song MS, Jung JU, Shin EC, Choi YK, Park SH. Development of a DNA vaccine for SFTSV that confers complete protection against lethal infection in ferrets. The Journal of Immunology 2020. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.204.supp.167.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a newly emerging tick-borne infectious disease caused by the SFTS virus (SFTSV) belonging to the Phenuiviridae family. The WHO lists SFTSV as one of the most dangerous viral pathogens, and considers it likely to cause wide epidemics in the near future. The incidence of SFTSV infection has increased from its discovery in 2012 through 2018 with a mortality rate of 10–20% and the major clinical symptoms of SFTSV infection are fever, vomiting, diarrhea, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia and multiple organ failure. However, no effective vaccines are currently available for SFTSV. Here, we describe the development of a SFTSV-specific DNA vaccine, its immunogenicity, and its protective efficacy against SFTSV lethal challenge. Vaccine candidates induced both a neutralizing antibody response and multifunctional SFTSV-specific T cell response in mice and ferrets. To investigate the vaccine efficacy in vivo, we applied a recently developed ferret model of lethal infection that recapitulates fatal clinical symptoms in SFTSV infection in humans. Vaccinated ferrets were completely protected from lethal SFTSV challenge without developing any clinical signs. Moreover, we found that anti-envelope antibodies play an important role in protective immunity and non-envelope-specific T cell responses also can contribute to protection against SFTSV infection. This study provides important insights into the development of an effective vaccine, as well as corresponding immune parameters, to control SFTSV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Eun Kwak
- 1Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, South Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Eui-Cheol Shin
- 1Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, South Korea
| | | | - Su-Hyung Park
- 1Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, South Korea
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50
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Choi UY, Lee JJ, Park A, Zhu W, Lee HR, Choi YJ, Yoo JS, Yu C, Feng P, Gao SJ, Chen S, Eoh H, Jung JU. Oncogenic human herpesvirus hijacks proline metabolism for tumorigenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:8083-8093. [PMID: 32213586 PMCID: PMC7149499 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1918607117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture is well documented to regain intrinsic metabolic properties and to better mimic the in vivo situation than two-dimensional (2D) cell culture. Particularly, proline metabolism is critical for tumorigenesis since pyrroline-5-carboxylate (P5C) reductase (PYCR/P5CR) is highly expressed in various tumors and its enzymatic activity is essential for in vitro 3D tumor cell growth and in vivo tumorigenesis. PYCR converts the P5C intermediate to proline as a biosynthesis pathway, whereas proline dehydrogenase (PRODH) breaks down proline to P5C as a degradation pathway. Intriguingly, expressions of proline biosynthesis PYCR gene and proline degradation PRODH gene are up-regulated directly by c-Myc oncoprotein and p53 tumor suppressor, respectively, suggesting that the proline-P5C metabolic axis is a key checkpoint for tumor cell growth. Here, we report a metabolic reprogramming of 3D tumor cell growth by oncogenic Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), an etiological agent of Kaposi's sarcoma and primary effusion lymphoma. Metabolomic analyses revealed that KSHV infection increased nonessential amino acid metabolites, specifically proline, in 3D culture, not in 2D culture. Strikingly, the KSHV K1 oncoprotein interacted with and activated PYCR enzyme, increasing intracellular proline concentration. Consequently, the K1-PYCR interaction promoted tumor cell growth in 3D spheroid culture and tumorigenesis in nude mice. In contrast, depletion of PYCR expression markedly abrogated K1-induced tumor cell growth in 3D culture, not in 2D culture. This study demonstrates that an increase of proline biosynthesis induced by K1-PYCR interaction is critical for KSHV-mediated transformation in in vitro 3D culture condition and in vivo tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Un Yung Choi
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033
| | - Jae Jin Lee
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033
| | - Angela Park
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Hye-Ra Lee
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, College of Science and Technology, Korea University, 30019 Sejong, South Korea
| | - Youn Jung Choi
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033
| | - Ji-Seung Yoo
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, 060-8638 Sapporo, Japan
| | - Claire Yu
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Pinghui Feng
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033
- Section of Infection and Immunity, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089
| | - Shou-Jiang Gao
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219
- Laboratory of Human Virology and Oncology, Shantou University Medical College, 515041 Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shaochen Chen
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Hyungjin Eoh
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033;
| | - Jae U Jung
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033;
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